EP2729602A1 - Dispositif de production et de stockage de dioxygene et/ou de dihydrogene et systeme de pile a combustible associe - Google Patents
Dispositif de production et de stockage de dioxygene et/ou de dihydrogene et systeme de pile a combustible associeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2729602A1 EP2729602A1 EP12733680.8A EP12733680A EP2729602A1 EP 2729602 A1 EP2729602 A1 EP 2729602A1 EP 12733680 A EP12733680 A EP 12733680A EP 2729602 A1 EP2729602 A1 EP 2729602A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dihydrogen
- dioxygen
- oxygen
- line
- high pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0656—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2247—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/0318—Processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8376—Combined
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for producing and storing dioxygen and / or dihydrogen, of the type comprising:
- a high pressure tank for storing the oxygen, respectively the hydrogen, at high pressure, fluidly connected to the source.
- Such a device is typically intended to supply a fuel cell, for the production of an electric current by oxidation-reduction reaction between dioxygen and dihydrogen.
- CN 101546842 describes such a device for producing and storing dioxygen and dihydrogen, comprising an electrolyzer for producing dioxygen and dihydrogen by electrolysis of water, a dioxygen reservoir, and a hydrogen reservoir, the production device and storing a fuel cell.
- An object of the invention is to provide a device for producing and storing dioxygen and / or dihydrogen with limited risk of explosions, having acceptable manufacturing and operating costs.
- the invention relates to a production and storage device of the aforementioned type, further comprising:
- bypass line connecting a dioxygen or dihydrogen output of the source to a dioxygen or dihydrogen output respectively from the production and storage device, bypassing the high pressure reservoir, the bypass line being supplied with through a pressure regulator to reduce the pressure in the bypass line, and
- the production and storage device also comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or according to any technically possible combination (s):
- the production and storage device comprises a low pressure line fluidly connecting the high pressure tank to the exit of oxygen or hydrogen, the production and storage device, the bypass line opening into the low pressure line, the line. low pressure being adapted to store the dioxygen, respectively the dihydrogen, passing through the bypass line;
- the low pressure line comprises a low pressure reservoir, for storing the oxygen or the hydrogen, passing through the bypass line;
- the invention also relates to a fuel cell system, comprising a fuel cell adapted to produce an electric current by a redox reaction between dioxygen and dihydrogen, and a device for supplying the fuel cell.
- dioxygen and dihydrogen wherein the feed device comprises a production and storage device as defined above.
- the subject of the invention is also a method for producing and storing dioxygen and / or dihydrogen, comprising the following successive stages:
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a fuel cell system according to the invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a fuel cell of the fuel cell system of Figure 1, and
- FIG 3 is a detailed diagram of a fuel cell system feeder of Figure 1.
- upstream and downstream are to be understood in relation to the flow direction of the fluids in the various fluid circuits.
- the fuel cell system 10 shown in FIG. 1, comprises a fuel cell 12, for producing an electric current by a redox reaction between an oxidizing fluid and a reducing fluid, and a feed system 13. Fuel cell 12 in oxidizing fluid and reducing fluid.
- the fuel cell 12 comprises a stack 14 of fuel cell cells 15.
- the fuel cell 12 comprises a plurality of stacks 14 fluidly connected to each other, in parallel or in series.
- a cell 15 of the stack 14 is shown in FIG. 2. It comprises a membrane-electrode assembly 16 interposed between an anode plate 18 and a cathode plate 22.
- the membrane-electrode assembly 16 comprises an ion exchange membrane 26 sandwiched between an anode 28a and a cathode 28b.
- the membrane 26 electrically isolates the anode 28a from the cathode 28b.
- the membrane 26 is generally a proton exchange membrane, adapted to allow only protons to pass through it.
- the membrane 26 is typically made of polymer material.
- the anode 28a and the cathode 28b each comprise a catalyst, typically platinum or a platinum alloy, to facilitate the reaction.
- the anode plate 18 defines anode conduit 20 for the circulation of the reducing fluid along the anode 28a and in contact therewith. To do this, the plate 18 is provided with at least one channel formed in the face of the plate facing the membrane-electrode assembly 16 and closed by said membrane assembly electrode 16.
- the anode plate 18 is formed of an electrically conductive material, typically graphite.
- the reducing fluid used is a fluid comprising dihydrogen, such as pure dihydrogen.
- the cathode plate 22 defines a cathode conduit 24 for the circulation of the oxidizing fluid along the cathode 28b and in contact therewith. To do this, the plate 22 is provided with at least one channel formed in the face of the plate facing the membrane-electrode assembly 16 and closed by said membrane electrode assembly 16.
- the cathode plate 22 is formed of a material electrically conductive, typically graphite.
- the oxidizing fluid used is a fluid comprising dioxygen, such as for example pure oxygen or a mixture of air and oxygen.
- the membrane 26 separates the oxidizing and reducing fluids. It is disposed between the anode plate 18 and the cathode plate 22 of the cell 15 and isolates them electrically from each other.
- the anode 28a is in electrical contact with the anode plate 18.
- the cathode 28b and is in electrical contact with the cathode plate 22. It is at the level of the anode 28a that the oxidation of the reducing fluid takes place and that electrons and protons are generated. The electrons then pass through the anode plate 18 to the cathode 28b of the cell 15, or to the cathode of another cell, to participate in the reduction of the oxidizing fluid.
- the anode plate 18 of each cell is in contact with the cathode plate 22 of the neighboring cell.
- the anodic and cathodic plates 18, 22 thus ensure the transfer of electrons from the reducing fluid circulating in one cell to the oxidizing fluid circulating in another cell.
- the anodic plates 18 and cathode 22 of two cells adjacent to the stack 18 are preferably integral and together form a bipolar plate.
- the anode conduits 20 of the cells 15 are fluidly connected to each other and together form an anode compartment 30 of the stack 14, and the cathode ducts 22 of the cells 15 are fluidly connected to one another and together form a cathode compartment 32 of the stack 14.
- the anode compartment 30 is shown schematically in dashed lines and the cathode compartment 32 is shown schematically in phantom.
- the cells 15 are held stacked by means of clamping plates 34 arranged at the ends of the stack 14. Clamping bolts 36 exert an clamping force on the plates 34 to keep them in compression against the cells 15.
- the supply system 13 is adapted to supply the anode compartment 30 with reducing fluid and the cathode compartment 32 with an oxidizing fluid. It comprises a device for producing and storing dioxygen and dihydrogen 40, shown in FIG. 3.
- the production and storage device 40 comprises a source 42 of dioxygen and dihydrogen, a dioxygen outlet 44, a dihydrogen outlet 46, a first fluid circuit 48, connecting a dioxygen outlet 49A of the source 42 to the exit of oxygen 44, and a second fluid circuit 50, connecting a dihydrogen outlet 49B from the source 42 to the exit of dihydrogen 46.
- Source 42 is typically an electrolyzer, adapted to produce dioxygen and dihydrogen by electrolysis.
- dioxygen and dihydrogen are produced by source 42 at elevated pressures.
- the oxygen 44 and dihydrogen 46 outlets each comprise a valve 51 for selectively closing and opening the outlet, respectively 44, 46.
- the oxygen and dihydrogen products can be stored in the device 40 before supplying the fuel cell. 12.
- the first fluid circuit 48 comprises a first high pressure tank 52 for storing the high pressure oxygen, a high pressure line 54, fluidly connecting the source 42 to the first high pressure tank 52, and a low pressure line 56 connecting fluidically the high pressure tank 52 at the exit of oxygen 44.
- the high pressure line 54 is adapted to drive the oxygen produced by the source 42 at high pressure to the high pressure tank 52.
- the low pressure line 56 is adapted to drive the oxygen produced, under controlled pressure, from the reservoir 52 to the outlet 44.
- the first fluid circuit 48 comprises a pressure regulator 58 disposed at the outlet of the high pressure reservoir 52 to reduce the pressure. oxygen pressure in low pressure line 56 with respect to the storage pressure of oxygen in the high pressure tank 52.
- the first fluid circuit 48 further comprises a bypass line 60 fluidically connecting the oxygen output 49A of the source 42 to the oxygen outlet 49A of the production and storage device 40.
- the bypass line 60 is installed as a bypass of the reservoir high pressure 52, that is to say, it is adapted so that a portion of the oxygen produced by the source 42 joins the oxygen outlet 44 without passing through the high pressure tank 52.
- the branch line 60 feeds into the high pressure line 54 upstream of the tank 52 and opens into the low pressure line 56. In particular, it feeds into the high pressure line 54 via a regulator. pressure 62, for reducing the pressure in the branch line 60 with respect to the pressure of oxygen in the high pressure line 54.
- the low pressure line 56 is adapted to store the oxygen having passed through the bypass line 60.
- it preferably comprises, as shown, a low pressure reservoir 64.
- the low pressure reservoir 64 is typically constituted by an enlargement local low pressure line 56.
- the production and storage device 40 also comprises a device 70 for measuring the concentration of dihydrogen in the oxygen produced by the source 42.
- the measuring device 70 is disposed on the branch line 60 at low pressure.
- the measuring device is adapted to measure the dihydrogen concentration in the low pressure oxygen, and relatively inexpensive measuring devices can be used to constitute the measuring device 70.
- the production and storage device 40 also comprises a module (not shown) adapted to regulate the electrolysis reaction at the source 42 as a function of the dihydrogen concentration measured by the measuring device 70.
- the second fluid circuit 50 comprises a second high pressure tank 82 for storing the high pressure hydrogen, a high pressure line 84, fluidically connecting the source 42 to the second high pressure tank 82, and a low pressure line 86 connecting the high pressure tank 82 at the exit of dihydrogen 46.
- the high pressure line 84 is adapted to drive the hydrogen produced by the source 42 at high pressure to the high pressure tank 82.
- the low pressure line 86 is adapted to drive the hydrogen produced, under controlled pressure, from the tank 82 to the outlet 46.
- the second fluid circuit 50 comprises a pressure regulator 88 at the outlet of the tank 82 to reduce the pressure of hydrogen. in the low pressure line 86 with respect to the storage pressure of the hydrogen in the high pressure tank 82.
- the source 42 produces dioxygen and dihydrogen by electrolysis and the valves 51 are each in a closed configuration.
- the hydrogen produced is stored in the second high-pressure tank 82.
- the majority of the oxygen produced is stored in the first high-pressure tank 52.
- a small portion of the oxygen produced is taken from the high-pressure line 54, and is relaxed. through the pressure regulator 62 and passes through the branch line 60, where the concentration of dihydrogen in the oxygen product is measured by the device 70, before the small portion of oxygen is stored in the low pressure line 56.
- valves 51 are switched to open configuration.
- the stored oxygen and dihydrogen flow out of the tanks 52, 82 and are expanded through the pressure regulators 58, 88.
- the oxygen exiting the reservoir 52 then mixes with the small portion of oxygen stored in the low pressure line 56 Then the oxygen and the hydrogen exit the production and storage device 40 through, respectively, the outlet 44 and the outlet 46.
- the source 42 does not produce dioxygen and dihydrogen during this second stage.
- the invention it is thus possible to measure the dihydrogen concentration in the product oxygen, at lower manufacturing and operating costs.
- the measuring device used can be inexpensive since the measurement is made at low pressure.
- the gas used for the measurement of the dihydrogen concentration is also used to supply the fuel cell, which limits the gas losses and thus reduces operating costs.
- the measurement of the dihydrogen concentration in dioxygen by sampling in the flow of oxygen upstream of the high pressure reservoir allows a direct measurement of the dihydrogen concentration during the filling of the high pressure reservoir and without risk of dilution of the dioxygen.
- dihydrogen in a fluid remained stagnant in the fluidic circuit.
- the second fluid circuit 50 comprises a device for measuring the dioxygen concentration in the dihydrogen, and the second fluid circuit 50 is shaped similarly to the first fluid circuit 48 so as to allow measurement of the oxygen concentration at low pressure and without loss of fluid.
- the second fluid circuit 50 is adapted to allow a measurement of the dioxygen concentration in the dihydrogen produced at low pressure and without loss of fluid, the first fluid circuit 48 then not including the diversion 60.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1156231A FR2977591B1 (fr) | 2011-07-08 | 2011-07-08 | Dispositif de production et de stockage de dioxygene et/ou de dihydrogene et systeme de pile a combustible associe |
PCT/EP2012/063082 WO2013007583A1 (fr) | 2011-07-08 | 2012-07-05 | Dispositif de production et de stockage de dioxygene et/ou de dihydrogene et systeme de pile a combustible associe |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2729602A1 true EP2729602A1 (fr) | 2014-05-14 |
Family
ID=46506362
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12733680.8A Withdrawn EP2729602A1 (fr) | 2011-07-08 | 2012-07-05 | Dispositif de production et de stockage de dioxygene et/ou de dihydrogene et systeme de pile a combustible associe |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140141347A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2729602A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN103764876A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2841153A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2977591B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013007583A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3014452B1 (fr) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-12-04 | Areva Stockage D En | Systeme d'electrolyse pour la generation de dioxygene et de dihydrogene par electrolyse d'eau et procede de controle correspondant |
JP7552079B2 (ja) | 2020-06-09 | 2024-09-18 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 水電解システム |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7097748B2 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2006-08-29 | University Of Massachusetts | Electrolyzer pressure equalization system |
US7273044B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2007-09-25 | Flessner Stephen M | Hydrogen fuel system for an internal combustion engine |
CN101546842A (zh) | 2008-03-24 | 2009-09-30 | 昆山太得隆机械有限公司 | 太阳能光伏水储能装置 |
FR2949479B1 (fr) * | 2009-08-28 | 2014-05-02 | Cie Europ Des Technologies De L Hydrogene | Installation de production d'hydrogene amelioree |
-
2011
- 2011-07-08 FR FR1156231A patent/FR2977591B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-07-05 EP EP12733680.8A patent/EP2729602A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-07-05 US US14/131,228 patent/US20140141347A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-07-05 WO PCT/EP2012/063082 patent/WO2013007583A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-07-05 CN CN201280034041.1A patent/CN103764876A/zh active Pending
- 2012-07-05 CA CA2841153A patent/CA2841153A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2013007583A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013007583A1 (fr) | 2013-01-17 |
US20140141347A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
FR2977591B1 (fr) | 2013-08-23 |
FR2977591A1 (fr) | 2013-01-11 |
CA2841153A1 (fr) | 2013-01-17 |
CN103764876A (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
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