EP2711147B2 - Food processing device and method for the sequential scanning of food products - Google Patents
Food processing device and method for the sequential scanning of food products Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2711147B2 EP2711147B2 EP13004322.7A EP13004322A EP2711147B2 EP 2711147 B2 EP2711147 B2 EP 2711147B2 EP 13004322 A EP13004322 A EP 13004322A EP 2711147 B2 EP2711147 B2 EP 2711147B2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- food
- conveyor tracks
- scanning
- conveyor
- scanner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 206
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002601 radiography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D5/007—Control means comprising cameras, vision or image processing systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D5/20—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D5/20—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed
- B26D5/30—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier
- B26D5/32—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier with the record carrier formed by the work itself
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/06—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form
- B26D7/0625—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form by endless conveyors, e.g. belts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/27—Means for performing other operations combined with cutting
- B26D7/32—Means for performing other operations combined with cutting for conveying or stacking cut product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/04—Processes
- Y10T83/0586—Effecting diverse or sequential cuts in same cutting step
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/182—With means to weigh product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/525—Operation controlled by detector means responsive to work
- Y10T83/536—Movement of work controlled
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a food processing device with a scanner for determining properties of a food product, in particular a food stick, wherein at least two, substantially parallel, separately drivable conveyor tracks are provided for feeding the food products to the scanner and a control unit for controlling the drive of the conveyor tracks.
- the EN 10 2005 010 183 A1 A method for producing food portions with precise weight is known, wherein several food bars can be irradiated simultaneously before being cut open, and wherein when irradiating the respective food bars there is preferably a certain distance between the food bars.
- a sensor in the form of a scanner is provided above the feed belt of an automated cutting device for cutting food products, with the aid of which the width of the individual products or, alternatively, the total width of the products lying next to one another can be determined, the products being moved parallel and simultaneously through the sensor.
- the scanners described above are, however, expensive because they have to be relatively large in order to be able to penetrate the products. Furthermore, when scanning with X-rays, a certain distance must be maintained between the products, as otherwise the measured values for the individual products may interact. This can be solved, for example, by maintaining a certain distance between the individual conveyor tracks in the scanner. Before the products are fed to a downstream common cutting device, they usually have to be moved closer together again so that they can be cut open by a common cutting blade.
- Conveyor tracks can be brought closer together or do not have to be arranged at a distance from one another in the scanning area.
- a subgroup of conveyor tracks for example every second conveyor track in the transverse direction, to simultaneously convey its food products through the scanning area of the scanner, with the other conveyor tracks subsequently conveying their food products through the scanner.
- the food products are primarily provided individually in a row on the respective conveyor tracks in the conveying direction.
- the food products can be directly adjacent to one another in the conveying direction, or can be spaced apart from one another. In some embodiments, however, it is also possible for two or more parallel food products to be arranged on one conveyor track.
- the food products are food sticks, in particular in the form of sausage sticks, cheese sticks or ham sticks. These food sticks can in particular have a uniform shape in the longitudinal and conveying directions.
- the essentially parallel, separately driven conveyor tracks are designed to convey the individual food products through the scanning area.
- the parallel conveyor tracks can also be located just outside the scanner.
- the control unit is specifically designed to convey the food products individually through the scanning area. Consequently, there is no interaction between the individual scanning processes of the food products. This means that the size and performance of the scanning unit in the scanner can be comparatively small, which enables the scanner to be designed and operated cost-effectively.
- the scanning unit is a radiographic device.
- an optical scanner such as a digital camera or a line camera, can be used, which can also achieve a higher level of evaluation accuracy with less effort if not all food products are scanned at once.
- sonography units in the scanner is also possible in order to analyze the inside of the food products.
- the radiography means advantageously comprises at least one X-ray source and at least one associated detector.
- several X-ray sources and exactly one associated detector can be provided, exactly one X-ray source and several associated detectors, or even several X-ray sources and several associated detectors.
- X-ray scanning with at least one X-ray source and at least one associated detector is usually considerably faster than optical scanning, in particular only approximately 1 to 3 seconds are required for the scanning process of a food product with a length of 1 m to 3 m.
- the scanning unit is advantageously movable.
- the scanning unit is primarily movable exclusively in the scanning area and in particular in the scanning plane of the scanner. This means that the scanning unit can be moved to the food product that is to be x-rayed, which in particular makes it possible to optimally arrange the scanning unit, or the x-ray source and the associated detector, for the respective food product, so that the food product can be analyzed with high quality.
- the scanning unit can be pivotable. This makes it possible for the scanning unit to be precisely aligned with the at least one food product that is to be irradiated.
- a movable or pivotable scanning unit is particularly advantageous when using X-rays, since X-rays cannot be optically focused. This means that an X-ray source with a relatively low output can be used to specifically analyze the at least one food product that is present in the scanning area of the scanner. If the scanning unit has an image capture device, the image capture unit, in particular in the form of a digital camera, can be aligned or moved precisely to the respective at least one food product, so that it can be recorded in high resolution.
- the beam axis of the scanning unit is approximately vertical.
- the beam axis refers to the beam center axis, since X-rays cannot be optically focused and thus spread out in a fan shape around the beam center axis.
- the scanning unit is primarily arranged so that the at least one food product is irradiated essentially vertically.
- an X-ray source is arranged above the food product and the associated detector is arranged below the food product.
- the X-ray source is arranged below the food product and the associated detector is arranged above the food product. If the food product is irradiated vertically, it is particularly suitable for the scanning unit to be movable essentially horizontally in order to be moved sequentially to the various conveyor tracks on which the at least one food product is then arranged.
- the beam axis of the scanning unit is essentially horizontal.
- the beam axis designates the beam center axis.
- the scanning unit is thus arranged so that the at least one food product is primarily irradiated horizontally. Since the conveyor tracks in this arrangement are not in the beam path, they can be guided through the scanning area in an interrupted manner.
- a weighing device is assigned to the conveyor tracks.
- a common weighing device is assigned to the conveyor tracks, wherein the weighing device is designed to determine the individual weight of the food products by measuring the difference in weight during the sequential conveying of the food products of the first and the further conveyor tracks via the weight of the food products common to all conveyor tracks.
- the individual weight of the food products can be determined by measuring the difference in weight of the food products common to all conveyor tracks.
- the weighing device is arranged after the scanning area in the conveying direction. The difference measurement is therefore always carried out for the at least one food product that is conveyed from the scanning area to the conveyor tracks downstream of the scanning area with the weighing device.
- the weighing device can be assigned to the conveyor tracks arranged upstream of the scanning area in the conveying direction. Then, after at least one of the food products has been moved through the scanning area by the weighing device, the weight of this at least one food product can be determined by differential measurement.
- a food cutting device is arranged downstream of the scanner, wherein the food products of the first and further conveyor tracks are cut open together depending on the properties or values determined by the scanner.
- the food cutting device is in particular a slicer.
- the slicer can be designed so that several food products fed in parallel can be cut open together with a cutting knife.
- the feed speed of the individual food products in the direction of the cutting knife can primarily be regulated individually. This can be done in particular depending on the properties determined by the scanner for the individual food products. In particular, the feed speed can be increased if an area of a food product with a lower density is cut open in order to still maintain a predetermined portion weight.
- the detector can be arranged between the conveyor tracks.
- an X-ray source is arranged laterally next to the conveyor tracks, with a detector being arranged in the transverse direction between the conveyor track on which the food product to be x-rayed is conveyed and the conveyor track following in the beam direction.
- the detectors can each be moved essentially in a vertical direction in order to be used for scanning or to be removed from the X-ray beam when a food product on a different conveyor track is scanned with a different detector.
- the scanning unit is arranged on a carrier that is mounted so that it can pivot around at least one conveyor track.
- the pivot axis of the scanning unit is essentially parallel to the conveyor tracks.
- the respective conveyor tracks can each be divided into a conveyor track upstream of the scanning area and a conveyor track downstream of the scanning area, with the scanning area being defined by the distance between the conveyor tracks. This can prevent the conveyor tracks, and in particular their conveying means, such as conveyor belts, from having a negative influence on the scanning process.
- a conveyor of the conveyor tracks can extend through the scanning area.
- the conveyors of all conveyor tracks can extend through the scanning area.
- conveyor belts in particular belt conveyors, are particularly suitable as conveyors, which can at least be irradiated by X-rays without significantly distorting the scanning result.
- a variant with a long belt conveyor is particularly possible here, with a first belt region in front of the scanning area, a second belt region in the scanning area and a third belt region after the scanning area.
- both the food product and at least the upper run of the belt conveyor are irradiated.
- the third belt region can in particular form a weighing area to which a weighing device is assigned.
- a plurality of food products are arranged on at least two substantially parallel conveyor tracks, wherein at least one food product of a first conveyor track and at least one food product of a further conveyor track are conveyed sequentially through a scanning area of the scanner, so that not all food products are scanned at the same time.
- the scanner has in particular a scanning unit, which can be a radiation medium, for example an X-ray source and an associated detector, or also a digital image acquisition unit.
- a scanning unit which can be a radiation medium, for example an X-ray source and an associated detector, or also a digital image acquisition unit.
- the food products are conveyed through the scanning area one at a time.
- a subgroup of the food products arranged in parallel in front of the scanner can be conveyed through the scanning area. Because not all food products are scanned at the same time, a higher quality of the scanner's measurement can be achieved.
- the scanner has a scanning unit that is moved depending on the conveyor track on which the respective food product is located.
- the scanner can only have exactly one scanning unit. Since the scanning unit advantageously includes an X-ray source, this can significantly reduce the costs and safety requirements regarding the scanner. reduce. Alternatively, several scanning units can be provided, each or some of which can be moved.
- the X-ray source of the movable scanning unit only needs to produce a significantly lower output than an X-ray source designed to irradiate all food products at the same time. This significantly reduces the acquisition and operating costs of the food processing device according to the invention.
- the food products are aligned with each other in the conveying direction after scanning.
- the front ends of the food products are aligned with each other in the conveying direction, so that parallel further processing of the food products is possible.
- the food products of the first and further conveyor tracks are sliced depending on the properties determined during scanning. This takes place in a food cutting device, advantageously in a slicer.
- the food products are fed to the food cutting device simultaneously and in parallel and thus sliced at the same time. This can be done in particular by a cutting knife that slices the parallel arranged food products together.
- Sequential scanning can be preceded or followed by sequential weighing of the food products. Sequential weighing can be carried out individually for each food product. Alternatively, the individual weight of the food products can be determined by determining the difference in weight during sequential weighing.
- the food products of the first and subsequent conveyor tracks can be sliced after scanning and weighing depending on the properties determined during scanning and weighing.
- FIG. 1 an embodiment of a food processing device 1 according to the invention is shown in plan view.
- the food processing device 1 has a scanner 2 which can determine properties of food products 4, 5, 6, 7 in the form of food sticks in a scanning area 3.
- the scanning area 3 can be defined in particular as a scanning plane whose surface normal is defined by the conveying direction F of the food products 4, 5, 6, 7.
- the food products 4, 5, 6, 7 are initially arranged on conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11 arranged upstream of the scanner 2.
- the conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11 can be driven individually, with a control unit being provided that can control the respective drive of the individual conveyor tracks separately.
- the food products 4, 5, 6, 7 can thus be conveyed separately on the upstream conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11 in the conveying direction F.
- the conveyor tracks in particular comprise a conveyor belt to convey the food products.
- a slider or gripper can also be provided that conveys the respective food products 4, 5, 6, 7.
- conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15 are provided downstream of the scanner, which are assigned to the corresponding upstream conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11. This means that the respective conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15 extend in particular at a short distance in the conveying direction F after the conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11, with the scanning area 3 being defined in this distance between the conveyor tracks. This prevents the scanner 2 from being obstructed by the conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 when scanning the food products 4, 5, 6, 7.
- the conveyor tracks 8, 12 are synchronized in their conveyor speed, in particular a mechanical synchronization of their drive can be provided. The same applies to the conveyor tracks 9 and 13, 10 and 14, and 11 and 15.
- the scanner 2 comprises a housing 16, into which the conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11 protrude from one side, and from which the conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15 protrude on the other side.
- the housing 16 is particularly designed to receive X-rays which are used for scanning used in the scanner 2.
- the housing 16 can be made partly of lead.
- shielding curtains can be attached to the housing 16, which cover the feed and discharge openings for the food products 4, 5, 6, 7.
- the housing 16 is in Figure 1 shown relatively short in conveying direction F, but can also extend over almost the entire or the entire length of the upstream and downstream conveying tracks.
- Figure 2 shows how a first food product 4 is conveyed through the scanning area 3 of the scanner 2.
- the drive of the conveyor tracks 8 and 12 is activated by a control unit, so that the conveyor tracks 8 and 12 convey the food product 4 lying on them.
- the first food product 4 is initially only conveyed on the conveyor track 8 until it reaches the scanning area 3.
- the food product 4 is then conveyed at an essentially uniform speed through the scanning area 3 and onto the downstream conveyor track 12.
- At least one property of the food product 4 is determined with the scanner, in particular the food product 4 is irradiated, and the data determined in this way is stored depending on the longitudinal direction of the food product 4, which extends in the conveying direction F.
- the conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15 are arranged on a weighing device, in particular a digital scale. In the present embodiment, all downstream conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15 are arranged on just one digital scale.
- the weight of the food product 4 is determined by determining the weight difference before and after the food product 4 is conveyed to the downstream conveyor track 12.
- the food product 4 is arranged in its interim holding position on the conveyor track 12. Furthermore, the other food product 5 has already been conveyed from the upstream conveyor track 9 through the scanning area 3 to the downstream conveyor track 13, whereby the scanner has determined the properties of the food product 5.
- the digital scale which is assigned to the conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15, now determines the difference in weight between the state in which only the food product 4 was on the conveyor track 12 and the state as in Figure 3 in which the food products 4 and 5 rest on the conveyor tracks 12 and 13, respectively.
- the weight of the food product 5 can be determined by the difference in weight.
- the separate drive of the conveyor tracks 12 and 13 allows the front ends of the food products 4, 5 to be aligned with one another. This can be done in particular based on the properties of the food product, which are determined using the scanner.
- the scanner can determine the position of the front ends of the food products 4, 5 with respect to the conveyor tracks 12, 13. This information can be used to align the food products 4, 5.
- the other food products 6, 7 can be aligned with the food products 4, 5 in a corresponding way.
- a light barrier can be provided in the area of the downstream conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15, which enables the food products 4, 5, 6, 7 to be aligned by stopping the drive of the respective conveyor track when the front end of a food product reaches the light barrier.
- FIG 4 the state of the food processing device 1 is shown in which the food product 6 has been conveyed by means of the conveyor tracks 10, 14 through the scanning area 3 of the scanner so that its properties could be determined.
- the weight of the food product 6 is determined by a differential weight measurement as already described above with regard to the food product 5, and the front end of the food product 6 is aligned with the front ends of the food products 4 and 5.
- the last food product 7 is moved through the scanning area 3 of the scanner 2 by means of the conveyor tracks 11 and 15 so that the properties of the food product 7 can also be determined.
- FIG 5 the state is shown in which all food products 4, 5, 6, 7 have been moved through the scanning area 3 and can be fed for further processing.
- a food cutting device is provided downstream of the conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15, which is not shown in the figures.
- a so-called slicer is advantageously used, which simultaneously cuts the parallel food products 4, 5, 6, 7 arranged next to one another with just one cutting knife, in particular a circular knife or sickle knife.
- the conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15 of the scanner can be the feed conveyor tracks of the slicer.
- Figure 6 is a sectional view through the scanning area 3 of a scanner 2 of an embodiment of a food processing device 1 according to the invention.
- the state shown corresponds to the state between Figures 2 and 3 , at the time when the food product 5 is conveyed through the scanning area 3.
- the view in Figure 6 is directed against the conveying direction F. Accordingly, the food product 4 is not shown because it is already in front of the drawing plane, the food product 5 is shown hatched because it is just in the drawing plane, and the food products 6 and 7 are still on the upstream conveyor tracks 10 and 11, as in Figure 3 shown.
- the scanner 2 has a housing 16 and a scanning unit 17 arranged movably therein.
- the scanning unit 17 is a radiating means which comprises an X-ray source 18 and a detector 19.
- the beam axis A of the X-ray beam emanating from the X-ray source 18 is aligned essentially vertically. It is pointed out that the X-ray radiation extends in a fan shape from the X-ray source 18.
- the X-ray radiation radiates through the food product 5 and its intensity is detected by the detector 19. In particular, the density of the food product 5 can thus be determined.
- the X-ray radiation reaches the detector 19 without passing through the conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, 13, 14, 15, since between the conveyor tracks, as in the Figure 1 to 5 shown, a distance is provided.
- the X-ray source 18 and the detector 19 are provided in the conveying direction F at exactly the height of this distance. Because the food product 5 is conveyed through the scanning area 3 during scanning, the density of the food product 5 can be determined along the entire longitudinal extent of the food product 5.
- respective conveying means of the conveyor tracks can also extend through the scanning area.
- suitable conveying means such as belt conveyors, are provided in particular, which do not shield the X-ray radiation.
- the X-ray source 18 is arranged above the food product 5, and the detector 19 is arranged below it. In other embodiments, however, the arrangement can also be reversed, i.e. the X-ray source 18 can be arranged below the food product 5, and the detector 19 above the food product 5.
- the scanning unit 17 has in particular a carrier 20 which connects the detector 19 and the X-ray source 18 to one another.
- the scanning unit 17 thus forms an integral component.
- the scanning unit 17 is movable in the width direction B in the scanning area 3. First, the scanning unit 17 is arranged on the width of the conveyor track 8 in order to scan the first food product 4. Then the scanning unit 17 is moved into the Figure 6 shown position in order to scan the food product 5. In the further course, the scanning unit 17 is moved further in the width direction B first to the conveyor track 10, and then to the conveyor track 11 in order to scan the food products 6 and 7 respectively.
- FIG 7 an alternative embodiment of the food processing device according to the invention is shown in a sectional view in the scanning area 3.
- the scanning unit 17 again comprises an X-ray source 18 and a detector 19, which in this embodiment are mounted immovably.
- the beam axis A of the X-ray beam emanating from the X-ray source 18 is essentially horizontal.
- the state is shown in which the food products 4 and 5 have already been moved through the scanning area and are resting on the downstream conveyor tracks 12 and 13, the food product 7 is still arranged on the conveyor track 11 before the scanning area 3, and the food product 6 is currently being conveyed through the scanning area 3 so that its properties are determined.
- the upstream and downstream conveyor tracks can each be combined to form continuous conveyor tracks, since no distance between the conveyor tracks is necessary since the beam path does not extend through the plane of the conveyor tracks.
- further detectors 21, 22, 23 can be arranged between the conveyor tracks 8, 9; 9, 10; 10, 11.
- the detectors 21, 22, 23 can each be adjusted individually in the vertical direction H.
- a detector can be arranged close behind the food product to be analyzed, as seen from the X-ray source 18, so that a more precise measurement result can be achieved with regard to the respective food product.
- the additional detector 22 is arranged close to the food product 6.
- the detector 23 is arranged close behind the food product 7 between the conveyor tracks 11 and 10.
- the detectors 21, 22, 23 are all moved downwards when the first food product 4 is analyzed starting from the conveyor track 8.
- the food processing device 1 according to Figure 7 can also be designed without the detectors 21, 22 and 23, so that only the detector 19 is provided for all food products.
- FIG 8 another embodiment of the food processing device according to the invention is shown.
- the scanning unit 17 is pivotable.
- the pivot axis for the scanning unit 17 lies essentially in the area of its X-ray source 18, so that the X-ray source 18 is only rotated, while the detector 19 is pivoted into different positions under the respective conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10.
- the X-ray source 18 and the detector 19 are in turn connected by a carrier 20. This ensures that the X-ray source 18 is aligned with the detector 19.
- FIG 8 the state is shown in which the scanning unit 17 scans the food product 7.
- a further pivoting position of the scanning unit 17 for irradiating the food product is 4 shown in dashed lines.
- the scanning unit 17 is pivoted accordingly to scan the food products 5, 6 that are fed via the conveyor tracks 9, 10.
- the X-ray source 18 may not be arranged in the area of the pivot axis.
- the pivot axis may be arranged essentially centrally between the X-ray source 18 and the detector 19, so that both the X-ray source 18 and the detector 19 are pivoted.
- a semicircular C-carrier is particularly suitable, since this is then moved essentially on a circular path. With suitable storage outside the pivot axis, for example on rails, it can thus be made possible that the carrier 20 does not have to be pivoted into the distance between the conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11 and conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15.
- relative mobility of the X-ray source 18 to the detector 19 can also be provided.
- a subgroup of food products can be scanned simultaneously. For example, several food products next to each other can be scanned simultaneously by a common scanning unit.
- two separate scanning units can be provided that simultaneously scan food products arranged parallel and spaced from each other. Nevertheless, the necessary radiation intensity of the scanning unit can be reduced and the analysis quality improved, in contrast to the prior art solutions in which all food products are scanned simultaneously.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Lebensmittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung mit einem Scanner zur Bestimmung von Eigenschaften eines Lebensmittelproduktes, insbesondere einer Lebensmittelstange, wobei mindestens zwei, im Wesentlichen parallele, separat antreibbare Förderspuren zum Zuführen der Lebensmittelprodukte zu dem Scanner und eine Steuereinheit zum Steuern des Antriebs der Förderspuren vorgesehen sind.The present invention relates to a food processing device with a scanner for determining properties of a food product, in particular a food stick, wherein at least two, substantially parallel, separately drivable conveyor tracks are provided for feeding the food products to the scanner and a control unit for controlling the drive of the conveyor tracks.
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Weiterhin ist aus der
Aus der
Die vorbeschriebenen Scanner sind allerdings kostenintensiv, da sie relativ groß ausgeführt werden müssen, um die Produkte zu durchstrahlen. Weiterhin muss beim Scannen mit Röntgenstrahlung vorteilhafterweise ein gewisser Abstand zwischen den Produkten eingehalten werden, da es sonst zu Wechselwirkungen der Messwerte für die einzelnen Produkte kommen kann. Dies wird beispielsweise dadurch gelöst, dass zwischen den einzelnen Förderspuren im Scanner ein gewisser Abstand eingehalten wird. Bevor die Produkte einer nachgeordneten gemeinsamen Schneideinrichtung zugeführt werden, müssen sie gewöhnlich allerdings wieder näher zusammengefahren werden, damit sie von einem gemeinsamen Schneidmesser aufgeschnitten werden können.The scanners described above are, however, expensive because they have to be relatively large in order to be able to penetrate the products. Furthermore, when scanning with X-rays, a certain distance must be maintained between the products, as otherwise the measured values for the individual products may interact. This can be solved, for example, by maintaining a certain distance between the individual conveyor tracks in the scanner. Before the products are fed to a downstream common cutting device, they usually have to be moved closer together again so that they can be cut open by a common cutting blade.
Mehrere Lebensmittelprodukte können nach dem Scannen gemeinsam gewogen werden, wobei das Einzelgewicht der jeweiligen Lebensmittelprodukte dann über die beim Scannen bestimmten Eigenschaften der einzelnen Produkte berechnet wird, beispielsweise über das Volumen der einzelnen Produkte oder die Flächensummen von verschiedenen Aufnahmen der einzelnen Produkte.Several food products can be weighed together after scanning, whereby the individual weight of the respective food products is then calculated based on the properties of the individual products determined during scanning, for example the volume of the individual products or the total area of different images of the individual products.
Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Lebensmittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung zum Scannen von Lebensmittelprodukten bereitzustellen, die ermöglichen, dass mehrere Lebensmittelprodukte, die auf im Wesentlichen parallelen, separat antreibbaren Förderspuren angeordnet sind, effizient und mit hoher Genauigkeit gescannt werden können.It is the object of the present invention to provide a food processing device for scanning food products, which enables a plurality of food products arranged on substantially parallel, separately drivable conveyor tracks to be scanned efficiently and with high accuracy.
Dies wird erreicht durch eine Lebensmittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1.This is achieved by a food processing device according to
Dadurch ist es möglich, dass eine negative Wechselwirkung zwischen den Produkten, insbesondere eine Abschirmung, wie sie beim gemeinsamen Scannen vorliegen kann, vermieden werden kann. Weiterhin können die einzelnenThis makes it possible to avoid negative interactions between the products, especially shielding, which can occur when scanning together. Furthermore, the individual
Förderspuren näher aneinander geführt werden, beziehungsweise müssen nicht im Scanbereich bereichsweise auf Abstand angeordnet werden.Conveyor tracks can be brought closer together or do not have to be arranged at a distance from one another in the scanning area.
Es ist möglich, dass eine Untergruppe von Förderspuren, beispielsweise jede zweite Förderspur in Querrichtung ihre Lebensmittelprodukte gleichzeitig durch den Scanbereich des Scanners fördert, wobei die anderen Förderspuren ihre Lebensmittelprodukte nachfolgend durch den Scanner fördern. Damit kann der Abstand zwischen den Förderspuren bei höherer Scanqualität enger gewählt werden als im Stand der Technik. Die Lebensmittelprodukte sind vornehmlich einzeln in Förderrichtung aneinandergereiht auf den jeweiligen Förderspuren vorgesehen. Die Lebensmittelprodukte können in Förderrichtung direkt aneinandergrenzen, oder voneinander beabstandet sein. In manchen Ausführungsformen ist es aber auch möglich, dass auf einer Förderspur zwei oder mehr parallele Lebensmittelprodukte angeordnet sind.It is possible for a subgroup of conveyor tracks, for example every second conveyor track in the transverse direction, to simultaneously convey its food products through the scanning area of the scanner, with the other conveyor tracks subsequently conveying their food products through the scanner. This means that the distance between the conveyor tracks can be chosen to be narrower than in the prior art, with higher scanning quality. The food products are primarily provided individually in a row on the respective conveyor tracks in the conveying direction. The food products can be directly adjacent to one another in the conveying direction, or can be spaced apart from one another. In some embodiments, however, it is also possible for two or more parallel food products to be arranged on one conveyor track.
Die Lebensmittelprodukte sind Lebensmittelstangen, insbesondere in Form von Wurststangen, Käsestangen, oder Schinkenstangen. Diese Lebensmittelstangen können insbesondere eine in Längs- und Förderrichtung gleichmäßige Form haben.The food products are food sticks, in particular in the form of sausage sticks, cheese sticks or ham sticks. These food sticks can in particular have a uniform shape in the longitudinal and conveying directions.
Insbesondere sind die im Wesentlichen parallelen, separat antreibbaren Förderspuren zum Fördern der einzelnen Lebensmittelprodukte durch den Scanbereich ausgelegt. Alternativ können die parallelen Förderspuren auch nur außerhalb des Scanners liegen.In particular, the essentially parallel, separately driven conveyor tracks are designed to convey the individual food products through the scanning area. Alternatively, the parallel conveyor tracks can also be located just outside the scanner.
Die Steuereinheit ist insbesondere ausgelegt, die Lebensmittelprodukte einzeln durch den Scanbereich zu fördern. Folglich liegt keine Wechselwirkung zwischen den einzelnen Scanvorgängen der Lebensmittelprodukte vor. Damit kann die Größe und Leistung der Scaneinheit im Scanner vergleichsweise gering sein, was ermöglicht, dass der Scanner kostengünstig gestaltet und betrieben werden kann.The control unit is specifically designed to convey the food products individually through the scanning area. Consequently, there is no interaction between the individual scanning processes of the food products. This means that the size and performance of the scanning unit in the scanner can be comparatively small, which enables the scanner to be designed and operated cost-effectively.
Insbesondere ist die Scaneinheit ein Durchstrahlungsmittel. Alternativ kann auch ein optischer Scanner, beispielsweise eine Digitalkamera oder eine Linienkamera, eingesetzt werden, bei dem auch eine höhere Auswertungsgenauigkeit bei geringem Aufwand erreicht werden kann, wenn nicht alle Lebensmittelprodukte auf einmal gescannt werden. Insbesondere ist auch der Einsatz von Sonografieeinheiten im Scanner möglich, um das Innere der Lebensmittelprodukte zu analysieren.In particular, the scanning unit is a radiographic device. Alternatively, an optical scanner, such as a digital camera or a line camera, can be used, which can also achieve a higher level of evaluation accuracy with less effort if not all food products are scanned at once. In particular, the use of sonography units in the scanner is also possible in order to analyze the inside of the food products.
Vorteilhafterweise umfasst das Durchstrahlungsmittel mindestens eine Röntgenquelle und mindestens einen zugeordneten Detektor. Insbesondere können mehrere Röntgenquellen und genau ein zugeordneter Detektor vorgesehen sein, genau eine Röntgenquelle und mehrere zugeordnete Detektoren, oder aber auch mehrere Röntgenquellen und mehrere zugeordnete Detektoren. Das Röntgenscannen mit mindestens einer Röntgenquelle und mindestens einem zugeordneten Detektor ist gewöhnlich erheblich schneller als optisches Scannen, insbesondere werden für den Scanvorgang von einem Lebensmittelprodukt mit einer Länge von 1m bis 3m nur zirka 1 sek. bis 3 sek. benötigt.The radiography means advantageously comprises at least one X-ray source and at least one associated detector. In particular, several X-ray sources and exactly one associated detector can be provided, exactly one X-ray source and several associated detectors, or even several X-ray sources and several associated detectors. X-ray scanning with at least one X-ray source and at least one associated detector is usually considerably faster than optical scanning, in particular only approximately 1 to 3 seconds are required for the scanning process of a food product with a length of 1 m to 3 m.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Scaneinheit bewegbar. Die Scaneinheit ist vornehmlich aussschließlich im Scanbereich und insbesondere in der Scanebene des Scanners bewegbar. Damit kann die Scaneinheit jeweils zu dem Lebensmittelprodukt verfahren werden, das durchstrahlt werden soll, wodurch insbesondere eine optimale Anordnung der Scaneinheit, beziehungsweise der Röntgenquelle und des zugeordneten Detektors, zu dem jeweiligen Lebensmittelprodukt erreicht werden kann, so dass eine Analyse des Lebensmittelprodukts mit hoher Qualität erfolgen kann.The scanning unit is advantageously movable. The scanning unit is primarily movable exclusively in the scanning area and in particular in the scanning plane of the scanner. This means that the scanning unit can be moved to the food product that is to be x-rayed, which in particular makes it possible to optimally arrange the scanning unit, or the x-ray source and the associated detector, for the respective food product, so that the food product can be analyzed with high quality.
In manchen Ausführungsformen kann die Scaneinheit verschwenkbar sein. Damit ist es möglich, dass die Scaneinheit genau auf das wenigstens eine Lebensmittelprodukt, das durchstrahlt werden soll, ausgerichtet werden kann.In some embodiments, the scanning unit can be pivotable. This makes it possible for the scanning unit to be precisely aligned with the at least one food product that is to be irradiated.
Eine bewegbare oder verschwenkbare Scaneinheit ist insbesondere beim Einsatz von Röntgenstrahlung vorteilhaft, da Röntgenstrahlung nicht optisch bündelbar ist. Somit kann mit einer Röntgenquelle, die eine relativ geringe Leistung aufweist, jeweils gezielt das wenigstens eine Lebensmittelprodukt, das im Scanbereich des Scanners vorliegt, analysiert werden. Wenn die Scaneinheit eine Bilderfassungseinrichtung aufweist, kann das Ausrichten beziehungsweise Verfahren der Bilderfassungseinheit, insbesondere in Form einer digitalen Kamera, genau auf das jeweilige, wenigstens eine Lebensmittelprodukt erfolgen, so dass dies in hoher Auflösung aufgenommen werden kann.A movable or pivotable scanning unit is particularly advantageous when using X-rays, since X-rays cannot be optically focused. This means that an X-ray source with a relatively low output can be used to specifically analyze the at least one food product that is present in the scanning area of the scanner. If the scanning unit has an image capture device, the image capture unit, in particular in the form of a digital camera, can be aligned or moved precisely to the respective at least one food product, so that it can be recorded in high resolution.
Insbesondere ist die Strahlachse der Scaneinheit in etwa vertikal. Bei einer Scaneinheit mit einer Röntgenquelle bezieht sich die Strahlachse auf die Strahlmittelachse, da Röntgenstrahlung nicht optisch bündelbar ist und sich somit fächerförmig um die Strahlmittelachse ausbreitet.In particular, the beam axis of the scanning unit is approximately vertical. In a scanning unit with an X-ray source, the beam axis refers to the beam center axis, since X-rays cannot be optically focused and thus spread out in a fan shape around the beam center axis.
Somit ist die Scaneinheit vornehmlich so angeordnet, dass das wenigstens eine Lebensmittelprodukt im Wesentlichen vertikal durchstrahlt wird. Insbesondere ist eine Röntgenquelle über dem Lebensmittelprodukt angeordnet, und der zugeordnete Detektor unter dem Lebensmittelprodukt. Alternativ ist die Röntgenquelle unter dem Lebensmittelprodukt angeordnet, der zugeordnete Detektor über dem Lebensmittelprodukt. Wenn das Lebensmittelprodukt vertikal durchstrahlt wird, bietet es sich insbesondere an, dass die Scaneinheit im Wesentlichen horizontal bewegbar ist, um sequentiell zu den verschiedenen Förderspuren, auf denen dann das jeweils wenigstens eine Lebensmittelprodukt angeordnet ist, bewegt zu werden.Thus, the scanning unit is primarily arranged so that the at least one food product is irradiated essentially vertically. In particular, an X-ray source is arranged above the food product and the associated detector is arranged below the food product. Alternatively, the X-ray source is arranged below the food product and the associated detector is arranged above the food product. If the food product is irradiated vertically, it is particularly suitable for the scanning unit to be movable essentially horizontally in order to be moved sequentially to the various conveyor tracks on which the at least one food product is then arranged.
In einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Strahlachse der Scaneinheit im Wesentlichen horizontal. Auch hier gilt, dass für eine Scaneinheit mit einer Röntgenquelle die Strahlachse die Strahlmittelachse bezeichnet. Somit ist die Scaneinheit so angeordnet, dass das wenigstens eine Lebensmittelprodukt vornehmlich horizontal durchstrahlt wird. Da die Förderspuren in dieser Anordnung nicht im Strahlengang liegen können sie unterbrochen durch den Scanbereich geführt werden.In another embodiment, the beam axis of the scanning unit is essentially horizontal. Here too, for a scanning unit with an X-ray source, the beam axis designates the beam center axis. The scanning unit is thus arranged so that the at least one food product is primarily irradiated horizontally. Since the conveyor tracks in this arrangement are not in the beam path, they can be guided through the scanning area in an interrupted manner.
In einer Ausführungsform ist den Förderspuren ein Wiegemittel zugeordnet.In one embodiment, a weighing device is assigned to the conveyor tracks.
Insbesondere ist den Förderspuren ein gemeinsames Wiegemittel zugeordnet ist, wobei das Wiegemittel ausgelegt ist, durch eine Differenzgewichtsmessung beim sequentiellen Fördern der Lebensmittelprodukte der ersten und der weiteren Förderspuren über das auf allen Förderspuren gemeinsam aufliegende Gewicht der Lebensmittelprodukte das Einzelgewicht der Lebensmittelprodukte zu bestimmen. Nachdem die Lebensmittelprodukte der verschiedenen Förderspuren zeitlich versetzt durch den Scanbereich gefördert werden, kann durch eine Differenzmessung des auf allen Förderspuren gemeinsam aufliegenden Gewichts der Lebensmittelprodukte das Einzelgewicht der Lebensmittelprodukte bestimmt werden. Bevorzugt ist das Wiegemittel in Förderrichtung nach dem Scanbereich angeordnet. Die Differenzmessung erfolgt somit immer für das wenigstens eine Lebensmittelprodukt, das aus dem Scanbereich auf die dem Scanbereich nachgeordneten Förderspuren mit dem Wiegemittel gefördert wird. Alternativ kann das Wiegemittel den dem Scanbereich in Förderrichtung vorgeordneten Förderspuren zugeordnet sein. Dann kann durch Differenzmessung, nachdem wenigstens eins der Lebensmittelprodukte von dem Wiegemittel durch den Scanbereich gefahren wurde, das Gewicht dieses wenigstens einen Lebensmittelprodukts bestimmt werden.In particular, a common weighing device is assigned to the conveyor tracks, wherein the weighing device is designed to determine the individual weight of the food products by measuring the difference in weight during the sequential conveying of the food products of the first and the further conveyor tracks via the weight of the food products common to all conveyor tracks. After the food products of the various conveyor tracks are conveyed through the scanning area at different times, the individual weight of the food products can be determined by measuring the difference in weight of the food products common to all conveyor tracks. Preferably, the weighing device is arranged after the scanning area in the conveying direction. The difference measurement is therefore always carried out for the at least one food product that is conveyed from the scanning area to the conveyor tracks downstream of the scanning area with the weighing device. Alternatively, the weighing device can be assigned to the conveyor tracks arranged upstream of the scanning area in the conveying direction. Then, after at least one of the food products has been moved through the scanning area by the weighing device, the weight of this at least one food product can be determined by differential measurement.
Erfindungsgemäß ist dem Scanner eine Lebensmittelschneideeinrichtung nachgeordnet, wobei die Lebensmittelprodukte der ersten und weiteren Förderspuren in Abhängigkeit der durch den Scanner ermittelten Eigenschaften oder Werte zusammen aufgeschnitten werden. Bei der Lebensmittelschneideeinrichtung handelt es sich insbesondere um einen Slicer. Der Slicer kann ausgelegt sein, dass mit einem Schneidmesser mehrere parallel zugeführte Lebensmittelprodukte gemeinsam aufgeschnitten werden können. Die Zuführgeschwindigkeit der einzelnen Lebensmittelprodukte in Richtung des Schneidmessers kann vornehmlich jeweils einzeln geregelt werden. Dies kann insbesondere in Abhängigkeit der jeweils durch den Scanner für die einzelnen Lebensmittelprodukte ermittelten Eigenschaften geschehen. Insbesondere kann die Zuführgeschwindigkeit erhöht werden, wenn ein Bereich mit geringerer Dichte eines Lebensmittelprodukts aufgeschnitten wird, um dennoch ein vorgegebenes Portionsgewicht einzuhalten.According to the invention, a food cutting device is arranged downstream of the scanner, wherein the food products of the first and further conveyor tracks are cut open together depending on the properties or values determined by the scanner. The food cutting device is in particular a slicer. The slicer can be designed so that several food products fed in parallel can be cut open together with a cutting knife. The feed speed of the individual food products in the direction of the cutting knife can primarily be regulated individually. This can be done in particular depending on the properties determined by the scanner for the individual food products. In particular, the feed speed can be increased if an area of a food product with a lower density is cut open in order to still maintain a predetermined portion weight.
In einem Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Detektor zwischen den Förderspuren anordbar. Insbesondere ist eine Röntgenquelle seitlich neben den Förderspuren angeordnet, wobei jeweils ein Detektor in Querrichtung zwischen der Förderspur, auf der das zu durchstrahlende Lebensmittelprodukt gefördert wird, und der in Strahlrichtung nachfolgenden Förderspur angeordnet ist. Somit kann ein geringer Abstand zwischen dem Detektor und dem Lebensmittelprodukt eingehalten werden, was eine geringere Größe des Detektors und eine Verbesserung des Scanergebnisses ermöglicht. Insbesondere können die Detektoren jeweils im Wesentlichen in vertikaler Richtung bewegt werden, um zum Scannen eingesetzt zu werden, beziehungsweise aus dem Röntgenstrahl entfernt zu werden, wenn ein Lebensmittelprodukt auf einer anderen Förderspur mit einem anderen Detektor gescannt wird.In one embodiment, the detector can be arranged between the conveyor tracks. In particular, an X-ray source is arranged laterally next to the conveyor tracks, with a detector being arranged in the transverse direction between the conveyor track on which the food product to be x-rayed is conveyed and the conveyor track following in the beam direction. This means that a small distance can be maintained between the detector and the food product, which enables a smaller size of the detector and an improvement in the scanning result. In particular, the detectors can each be moved essentially in a vertical direction in order to be used for scanning or to be removed from the X-ray beam when a food product on a different conveyor track is scanned with a different detector.
In einem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Scaneinheit auf einem Träger angeordnet, der um wenigstens eine Förderspur verschwenkbar gelagert ist. Insbesondere ist die Verschwenkachse der Scaneinheit im Wesentlichen parallel zu den Förderspuren. Durch das Verschwenken der Scaneinheit kann jeweils gezielt wenigstens eines der Lebensmittelprodukte gescannt werden. Wenn die Scaneinheit ein Durchstrahlungsmittel ist, ermöglicht dies insbesondere, dass der Detektor und der Strahl des Durchstrahlungsmittels relativ klein ausgelegt werden kann, da die Scaneinheit jeweils genau so verschwenkt wird, dass nur das Lebensmittelprodukt gescannt wird, das gerade durch den Scanbereich gefördert wird.In one embodiment, the scanning unit is arranged on a carrier that is mounted so that it can pivot around at least one conveyor track. In particular, the pivot axis of the scanning unit is essentially parallel to the conveyor tracks. By pivoting the scanning unit, at least one of the food products can be scanned in a targeted manner. If the scanning unit is a radiography device, this makes it possible in particular for the detector and the beam of the radiography device to be designed to be relatively small, since the scanning unit is pivoted in such a way that only the food product that is currently being conveyed through the scanning area is scanned.
Die jeweiligen Förderspuren können jeweils in eine dem Scanbereich vorgeordnete Förderspur und eine dem Scanbereich nachgeordnete Förderspur unterteilt sein, wobei der Scanbereich im Abstand zwischen den Förderspuren definiert ist. Damit kann eine negative Beeinflusssung des Scanvorgangs durch die Förderspuren, und insbesondere deren Fördermittel, wie beispielsweise Förderbänder, verhindert werden.The respective conveyor tracks can each be divided into a conveyor track upstream of the scanning area and a conveyor track downstream of the scanning area, with the scanning area being defined by the distance between the conveyor tracks. This can prevent the conveyor tracks, and in particular their conveying means, such as conveyor belts, from having a negative influence on the scanning process.
Alternativ kann sich ein Fördermittel der Förderspuren durch den Scanbereich erstrecken. Insbesondere können sich die Fördermittel aller Förderspuren durch den Scanbereich erstrecken. Als Fördermittel eignen sich in dieser Ausführungsform vornehmlich Förderbänder, insbesondere Bandgurte, die zumindest von Röntgenstrahlung durchstrahlt werden können, ohne das Scanergebnis wesentlich zu verfälschen. Möglich ist hier insbesondere eine Variante mit einem langen Bandgurt, mit erstem Bandbereich vor dem Scanbereich, einem zweiten Bandbereich im Scanbereich und einem dritten Bandbereich nach dem Scanbereich. Dabei wird insbesondere sowohl das Lebensmittelprodukt als auch zumindest das Obertrum des Bandgurtes durchstrahlt. Der dritte Bandbereich kann insbesondere einen Wiegebereich bilden, dem ein Wiegemittel zugeordnet ist. Das ununterbrochene Fördermittel durch den Scanbereich ermöglicht, dass das Lebensmittelprodukt ohne fördertechnische Probleme an Übergangsstellen durch den Scanner transportiert werden kann, was insbesondere für kleine und empfindliche Produkte wichtig ist.Alternatively, a conveyor of the conveyor tracks can extend through the scanning area. In particular, the conveyors of all conveyor tracks can extend through the scanning area. In this embodiment, conveyor belts, in particular belt conveyors, are particularly suitable as conveyors, which can at least be irradiated by X-rays without significantly distorting the scanning result. A variant with a long belt conveyor is particularly possible here, with a first belt region in front of the scanning area, a second belt region in the scanning area and a third belt region after the scanning area. In particular, both the food product and at least the upper run of the belt conveyor are irradiated. The third belt region can in particular form a weighing area to which a weighing device is assigned. The uninterrupted conveyor through the scanning area enables the food product to be transported through the scanner at transition points without conveyor-related problems, which is particularly important for small and sensitive products.
Gemäß einem Verfahren zum Scannen von Lebensmittelprodukten mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lebensmittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung sind mehrere Lebensmittelprodukte auf mindestens zwei im Wesentlichen parallelen Förderspuren angeordnet, wobei je wenigstens ein Lebensmittelprodukt einer ersten Förderspur und je wenigstens ein Lebensmittelprodukt einer weiteren Förderspur sequentiell durch einen Scanbereich des Scanners gefördert werden, so dass nicht alle Lebensmittelprodukte gleichzeitig gescannt werden.According to a method for scanning food products with the food processing device according to the invention, a plurality of food products are arranged on at least two substantially parallel conveyor tracks, wherein at least one food product of a first conveyor track and at least one food product of a further conveyor track are conveyed sequentially through a scanning area of the scanner, so that not all food products are scanned at the same time.
Der Scanner weist insbesondere eine Scaneinheit auf, die ein Durchstrahlungsmittel, zum Beispiel eine Röntgenquelle und ein zugehöriger Detektor, oder aber auch eine digitale Bilderfassungseinheit sein kann.The scanner has in particular a scanning unit, which can be a radiation medium, for example an X-ray source and an associated detector, or also a digital image acquisition unit.
Vorteilhafterweise werden die Lebensmittelprodukte einzeln durch den Scanbereich gefördert. Alternativ kann auch jeweils eine Untergruppe der vor dem Scanner parallel angeordneten Lebensmittelprodukte durch den Scanbereich gefördert werden. Dadurch, dass nicht alle Lebensmittelprodukte gleichzeitig gescannt werden, kann eine höhere Qualität der Messung des Scanners erreicht werden.Advantageously, the food products are conveyed through the scanning area one at a time. Alternatively, a subgroup of the food products arranged in parallel in front of the scanner can be conveyed through the scanning area. Because not all food products are scanned at the same time, a higher quality of the scanner's measurement can be achieved.
Insbesondere weist der Scanner eine Scaneinheit auf, die in Abhängigkeit der Förderspur, auf der das jeweilige Lebensmittelprodukt vorliegt, bewegt wird. Insbesondere kann der Scanner nur genau eine Scaneinheit aufweisen. Da die Scaneinheit vorteilhafterweise eine Röntgenquelle umfasst, kann dies die Kosten und die Sicherheitsanforderungen bezüglich des Scanners signifikant reduzieren. Alternativ können aber auch mehrere Scaneinheiten vorgesehen sein, die jeweils oder teilweise bewegt werden können. Die Röntgenquelle der beweglichen Scaneinheit muss nur eine deutlich geringere Leistung aufbringen als eine Röntgenquelle, die dafür ausgelegt ist alle Lebensmittelprodukte gleichzeitig zu durchstrahlen. Damit werden die Anschaffungs- und Betriebskosten der erfindungsgemäßen Lebensmittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung vergleichweise erheblich reduziert.In particular, the scanner has a scanning unit that is moved depending on the conveyor track on which the respective food product is located. In particular, the scanner can only have exactly one scanning unit. Since the scanning unit advantageously includes an X-ray source, this can significantly reduce the costs and safety requirements regarding the scanner. reduce. Alternatively, several scanning units can be provided, each or some of which can be moved. The X-ray source of the movable scanning unit only needs to produce a significantly lower output than an X-ray source designed to irradiate all food products at the same time. This significantly reduces the acquisition and operating costs of the food processing device according to the invention.
Vorteilhafterweise werden die Lebensmittelprodukte nach dem Scannen aufeinander in Förderrichtung ausgerichtet. Insbesondere werden die vorderen Enden der Lebensmittelprodukte in Förderrichtung zueinander ausgerichtet, so dass insbesondere eine parallele Weiterverarbeitung der Lebensmittelprodukte möglich ist.Advantageously, the food products are aligned with each other in the conveying direction after scanning. In particular, the front ends of the food products are aligned with each other in the conveying direction, so that parallel further processing of the food products is possible.
Die Lebensmittelprodukte der ersten und weiteren Förderspuren werden nach dem Scannen in Abhängigkeit von den beim Scannen ermittelten Eigenschaften aufgeschnitten. Dies erfolgt in einer Lebensmittelschneideeinrichtung, vorteilhafterweise in einem Slicer. Vorzugsweise werden die Lebensmittelprodukte gleichzeitig und parallel der Lebensmittelschneideeinrichtung zugeführt und somit gleichzeitig aufgeschnitten. Dies kann insbesondere durch ein Schneidmesser erfolgen, das die parallel angeordneten Lebensmittelprodukte zusammen aufschneidet.After scanning, the food products of the first and further conveyor tracks are sliced depending on the properties determined during scanning. This takes place in a food cutting device, advantageously in a slicer. Preferably, the food products are fed to the food cutting device simultaneously and in parallel and thus sliced at the same time. This can be done in particular by a cutting knife that slices the parallel arranged food products together.
Dem sequentiellen Scannen kann eine sequentielle Wägung der Lebensmittelprodukte vorausgehen oder nachgeschaltet sein. Die sequentielle Wägung kann für jedes Lebensmittelprodukt einzeln erfolgen. Alternativ kann durch eine Differenzgewichtsbestimmung bei der sequentiellen Wägung das Einzelgewicht der Lebensmittelprodukte bestimmt werden.Sequential scanning can be preceded or followed by sequential weighing of the food products. Sequential weighing can be carried out individually for each food product. Alternatively, the individual weight of the food products can be determined by determining the difference in weight during sequential weighing.
Die Lebensmittelprodukte der ersten und weiteren Förderspuren können nach dem Scannen und Wiegen in Abhängigkeit von den beim Scannen und Wiegen ermittelten Eigenschaften aufgeschnitten werden.The food products of the first and subsequent conveyor tracks can be sliced after scanning and weighing depending on the properties determined during scanning and weighing.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen weitergehend erläutert, die in den folgenden Figuren dargestellt sind.
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Figur 1
zeigt eine Draufsicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Lebensmittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung, wobei die Lebensmittelprodukte in Form von Lebensmittelstangen vor einem Scanbereich eines Scanners angeordnet sind. -
Figuren 2bis 5
zeigen das sequentielle Fördern der jeweiligen Lebensmittelprodukte durch den Scanbereich des Scanners in dem Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Lebensmittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung in Draufsicht. -
Figur 6
zeigt eine Schnittansicht durch den Scanbereich eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Lebensmittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung. -
Figur 7
zeigt eine Schnittansicht durch den Scanbereich einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Lebensm ittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung. -
Figur 8
zeigt eine Schnittansicht durch den Scanbereich einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Lebensm ittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung.
-
Figure 1
shows a plan view of an embodiment of a food processing device according to the invention, wherein the food products in the form of food sticks are arranged in front of a scanning area of a scanner. -
Figures 2 to 5
show the sequential conveying of the respective food products through the scanning area of the scanner in the embodiment of the food processing device according to the invention in plan view. -
Figure 6
shows a sectional view through the scanning area of an embodiment of a food processing device according to the invention. -
Figure 7
shows a sectional view through the scanning area of a further embodiment of a food processing device according to the invention. -
Figure 8
shows a sectional view through the scanning area of a further embodiment of a food processing device according to the invention.
In
Die Förderspuren 8, 9, 10, 11 sind einzeln antreibbar, wobei eine Steuereinheit vorgesehen ist, die den jeweiligen Antrieb der einzelnen Förderspuren separat ansteuern kann. Somit können die Lebensmittelprodukte 4, 5, 6, 7 separat auf den vorgeordneten Förderspuren 8, 9, 10, 11 in Förderrichtung F gefördert werden. Die Förderspuren umfassen insbesondere ein Förderband, um die Lebensmittelprodukte zu fördern. In alternativen Ausführungsformen kann auch ein Schieber oder Greifer vorgesehen sein, der die jeweiligen Lebensmittelprodukte 4, 5, 6, 7 fördert.The conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11 can be driven individually, with a control unit being provided that can control the respective drive of the individual conveyor tracks separately. The
Weiterhin sind dem Scanner nachgeordnete Förderspuren 12, 13, 14, 15 vorgesehen, die den entsprechenden vorgeordneten Förderspuren 8, 9, 10, 11 zugeordnet sind. Das heißt, die jeweiligen Förderspuren 12, 13, 14, 15 erstrecken sich insbesondere in einem kurzen Abstand in Förderrichtung F nach den Förderspuren 8, 9, 10, 11, wobei in diesem Abstand zwischen den Förderspuren der Scanbereich 3 definiert ist. Somit kann verhindert werden, dass der Scanner 2 beim Scannen der Lebensmittelprodukte 4, 5, 6, 7 durch die Förderspuren 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 behindert wird.Furthermore, conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15 are provided downstream of the scanner, which are assigned to the corresponding upstream conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11. This means that the respective conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15 extend in particular at a short distance in the conveying direction F after the conveyor tracks 8, 9, 10, 11, with the
Die Förderspuren 8, 12 sind in ihrer Fördergeschwindigkeit synchronisiert, insbesondere kann eine mechanische Synchronisierung ihres Antriebs vorgesehen sein. Gleiches gilt jeweils für die Förderspuren 9 und 13, 10 und 14, und 11 und 15.The conveyor tracks 8, 12 are synchronized in their conveyor speed, in particular a mechanical synchronization of their drive can be provided. The same applies to the conveyor tracks 9 and 13, 10 and 14, and 11 and 15.
Der Scanner 2 umfasst ein Gehäuse 16, in das die Förderspuren 8, 9, 10, 11 von der einen Seite hineinragen, und aus dem die Förderspuren 12, 13, 14, 15 auf der anderen Seite herausragen. Das Gehäuse 16 ist insbesondere ausgelegt, Röntgenstrahlung die zum Scannen im Scanner 2 eingesetzt wird, abzuschirmen. Dafür kann das Gehäuse 16 teilweise aus Blei ausgeführt sein. Zudem können am Gehäuse 16 abschirmende Vorhänge angebracht sein, die die Zuführ- und Abführöffnungen für die Lebensmittelprodukte 4, 5, 6, 7 abdecken. Das Gehäuse 16 ist in
Nachdem das Lebensmittelprodukt 4 vollständig durch den Scanbereich 3 gefördert wurde liegt es ausschließlich auf der nachgeordneten Förderspur 12 auf. Wenn sich das Lebensmittelprodukt 4 an einer gewünschten Position auf der nachgeordneten Förderspur 12 befindet, wird der Antrieb der Förderspuren 8 und 12 gestoppt.After the
Die Förderspuren 12, 13, 14, 15 sind auf einem Wiegemittel, insbesondere einer digitalen Waage angeordnet. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel sind alle nachgeordneten Förderspuren 12, 13, 14, 15 auf nur einer digitalen Waage angeordnet. Das Gewicht des Lebensmittelproduktes 4 wird dadurch bestimmt, dass die Gewichtsdifferenz vor und nach dem Fördern des Lebensmittelproduktes 4 auf die nachgeordnete Förderspur 12 bestimmt wird.The conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15 are arranged on a weighing device, in particular a digital scale. In the present embodiment, all downstream conveyor tracks 12, 13, 14, 15 are arranged on just one digital scale. The weight of the
In
Durch den separaten Antrieb der Förderspuren 12 und 13 können die vorderen Enden der Lebensmittelprodukte 4, 5 aufeinander ausgerichtet werden. Dies kann insbesondere ausgehend von den Eigenschaften des Lebensmittelproduktes, die mit dem Scanner bestimmt werden geschehen. Durch den Scanner kann die Position der vorderen Enden der Lebensmittelprodukte 4, 5 bezüglich der Förderspuren 12, 13 bestimmt werden. Diese Information kann verwertet werden, um eine Ausrichtung der Lebensmittelprodukte 4, 5 zu erreichen. Eine Ausrichtung der weiteren Lebensmittelprodukte 6, 7 mit den Lebensmittelprodukten 4, 5 kann entsprechend erreicht werden. Alternativ kann im Bereich der nachgeordneten Förderspuren 12, 13, 14, 15 auch eine Lichtschranke vorgesehen sein, die eine Ausrichtung der Lebensmittelprodukte 4, 5, 6, 7 ermöglicht, indem bei Erreichen der Lichtschranke durch das vordere Ende eines Lebensmittelsprodukts der Antrieb der jeweiligen Förderspur gestoppt wird.The separate drive of the conveyor tracks 12 and 13 allows the front ends of the
In
Schließlich wird noch das letzte Lebensmittelprodukt 7 mittels der Förderspuren 11 und 15 durch den Scanbereich 3 des Scanners 2 gefahren, damit auch die Eigenschaften des Lebensmittelproduktes 7 bestimmt werden können.Finally, the
In
In
Der Scanner 2 weist ein Gehäuse 16 und eine darin beweglich angeordnete Scaneinheit 17 auf. Die Scaneinheit 17 ist ein Durchstrahlungsmittel, das eine Röntgenquelle 18 und einen Detektor 19 umfasst. Die Strahlachse A des von der Röntgenquelle 18 ausgehenden Röntgenstrahlbündels ist im Wesentlichen vertikal ausgerichtet. Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die Röntgenstrahlung sich fächerförmig von der Röntgenquelle 18 aus erstreckt. Die Röntgenstrahlung durchstrahlt das Lebensmittelprodukt 5, und ihre Intensität wird mit dem Detektor 19 erfasst. Somit kann insbesondere die Dichte des Lebensmittelproduktes 5 bestimmt werden.The
Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die Röntgenstrahlung den Detektor 19 erreicht ohne die Förderspuren 8, 9, 10, 11 oder 12, 13, 14, 15 zu durchstrahlen, da zwischen den Förderspuren, wie in den
Die Röntgenquelle 18 ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel über dem Lebensmittelprodukt 5 angeordnet, der Detektor 19 darunter. In anderen Ausführungsformen kann aber auch eine umgekehrte Anordnung vorliegen, das heißt die Röntgenquelle 18 kann unter dem Lebensmittelprodukt 5 angeordnet sein, und der Detektor 19 über dem Lebensmittelprodukt 5.In the present embodiment, the
Die Scaneinheit 17 weist insbesondere einen Träger 20 auf, der den Detektor 19 und die Röntgenquelle 18 miteinander verbindet. Somit bildet die Scaneinheit 17 ein integrales Bauteil.The
Die Scaneinheit 17 ist in der Breitenrichtung B im Scanbereich 3 bewegbar. Zunächst ist die Scaneinheit 17 auf der Breite der Förderspur 8 angeordnet, um das erste Lebensmittelprodukt 4 zu scannen. Dann wird die Scaneinheit 17 in die in
In
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind noch weitere Detektoren 21, 22, 23 zwischen den Förderspuren 8, 9; 9, 10; 10, 11 anordbar. Insbesondere können die Detektoren 21, 22, 23 jeweils einzeln in Hochrichtung H verstellt werden. Somit kann jeweils nahe hinter dem jeweils zu analysierenden Lebensmittelprodukt ausgehend von der Röntgenquelle 18 gesehen, ein Detektor angeordnet werden, so dass ein genaueres Messergebnis bezüglich des jeweiligen Lebensmittelproduktes erreicht werden kann. In dem Zustand der Lebensmittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung 1 in
Allerdings wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die Lebensmittelverarbeitungsvorrichtung 1 gemäß
In
In
In anderen Ausführungsformen kann die Röntgenquelle 18 auch nicht im Bereich der Verschwenkachse angeordnet sein. Insbesondere kann die Verschwenkachse im Wesentlichen mittig zwischen der Röntgenquelle 18 und dem Detektor 19 angeordnet sein, so dass sowohl die Röntgenquelle 18, als auch der Detektor 19 verschwenkt werden. In diesem Fall bietet sich insbesondere ein halbkreisförmiger C-Träger an, da dieser dann im Wesentlichen auf einer Kreisbahn bewegt wird. Bei einer geeigneten Lagerung außerhalb der Schwenkachse, beispielsweise auf Schienen, kann somit ermöglicht werden, dass der Träger 20 nicht in den Abstand zwischen den Förderspuren 8, 9, 10, 11 und Förderspuren 12, 13, 14, 15 verschwenkt werden muss. In anderen Ausführungsformen kann auch eine relative Beweglichkeit der Röntgenquelle 18 zum Detektor 19 vorgesehen sein. Insbesondere kann eine verschwenkbare Röntgenquelle 18, wie in
Es ist auch möglich, dass eine Untergruppe von Lebensmittelprodukten gleichzeitig gescannt wird. Beispielsweise können jeweils mehrere Lebensmittelprodukte nebeneinander gleichzeitig durch eine gemeinsame Scaneinheit gescannt werden. Alternativ können auch zwei separate Scaneinheiten vorgesehen werden, die voneinander parallel beabstandet angeordnete Lebensmittelprodukte gleichzeitig scannen. Dennoch kann die notwendige Strahlungsintensität der Scaneinheit reduziert werden und die Analysequalität verbessert werden, im Gegensatz zu den Lösungen im Stand der Technik, in denen alle Lebensmittelprodukte gleichzeitig gescannt werden. It is also possible for a subgroup of food products to be scanned simultaneously. For example, several food products next to each other can be scanned simultaneously by a common scanning unit. Alternatively, two separate scanning units can be provided that simultaneously scan food products arranged parallel and spaced from each other. Nevertheless, the necessary radiation intensity of the scanning unit can be reduced and the analysis quality improved, in contrast to the prior art solutions in which all food products are scanned simultaneously.
Claims (9)
- Food processing apparatus comprisinga scanner (2) with a scanning unit (17) for determining properties of a food bar (4, 5, 6, 7),at least two substantially parallel separately drivable conveyor tracks (8, 12; 9, 13; 10, 14; 11, 15) for supplying said food bars (4, 5, 6, 7) to said scanner, anda control unit for controlling the drive of said conveyor tracks (8, 12; 9, 13; 10, 14; 11, 15), wherein said control unit is adapted to separately control said drive of said conveyor tracks (8, 12; 9, 13; 10, 14; 11, 15) to convey at least one food bar (4) of a first conveyor track (8, 12) and at least one food bar (5) of a further conveyor track (9, 13; 10, 14; 11, 15) sequentially through a scanning area (3) of said scanner (2), such that not all food bars (4, 5, 6, 7) of the conveyor tracks (8, 12; 9, 13; 10, 14; 11, 15) are conveyed simultaneously through the scanning area of the scanner,characterized in thata food cutting apparatus is disposed downstream of said scanner (2), and said food bars (4, 5) of said first and said further conveyor tracks (8, 12; 9, 13; 10, 14; 11, 15) are sliced altogether based on the properties or values determined by said scanner (2).
- Food processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said control unit is adapted to individually convey said food bars (4, 5, 6, 7) through said scanning area (3).
- Food processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said scanning unit (17) is a radiographic device and preferably comprises at least an X-ray source (18) and at least a detector (19, 21, 22, 23).
- Food processing apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein said scanning unit (17) is movable, in particular pivotable.
- Food processing apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein said beam axis (A) of said scanning unit (17) is substantially horizontal.
- Food processing apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein said conveyor tracks (12, 13, 14, 15) are associated with a common weighing apparatus, where said weighing apparatus is adapted to determine the individual weight of said food bars (4, 5, 6, 7) via a differential weight measurement during the sequential conveying of said food bars (4, 5, 6, 7) of said first and said further conveyor tracks (12, 13, 14, 15) using the weight of said food bars (4, 5, 6, 7) commonly applied on all conveyor tracks (12, 13, 14, 15).
- Food processing apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, where said detector (21, 22, 23) can be arranged between said conveyor tracks (8, 12; 9, 13; 10, 14; 11, 15).
- Food processing apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, where said scanning unit (17) comprises a support (20), which is mounted pivotable about at least one conveyor track (8, 12; 9, 13; 10, 14; 11,15).
- Food processing apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, where a conveyor device of said conveyor tracks (8, 12; 9, 13; 10, 14; 11, 15) extends through said scanning area.
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DE201210018754 DE102012018754A1 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | Food processing apparatus and method for sequentially scanning food products |
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EP2711147B1 EP2711147B1 (en) | 2021-06-16 |
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EP2711147A1 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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