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EP2589871B1 - Procédé et dispositif de réglage ou surveillance d'un dispositif de pulvérisation permettant de pulvériser des combustibles liquides dans un brûleur à modulation - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de réglage ou surveillance d'un dispositif de pulvérisation permettant de pulvériser des combustibles liquides dans un brûleur à modulation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2589871B1
EP2589871B1 EP12188619.6A EP12188619A EP2589871B1 EP 2589871 B1 EP2589871 B1 EP 2589871B1 EP 12188619 A EP12188619 A EP 12188619A EP 2589871 B1 EP2589871 B1 EP 2589871B1
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Prior art keywords
supply parameter
fuel
fuel supply
pump
parameter
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EP12188619.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2589871A1 (fr
Inventor
Florian Baierl
Matthias Herbst
Georg Stadler
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Wolf GmbH
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Wolf GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for controlling and / or monitoring a sputtering device for sputtering liquid fuels, in particular oil, in a modulating burner according to claims 1 and 10, respectively.
  • Such pressurized oil atomizing burners include a sputtering device which atomizes liquid fuel (eg, oil) to mix the fuel with air as fine droplets.
  • liquid fuel eg, oil
  • the atomizing devices usually include a spray nozzle through which the fuel is passed under the application of high pressure.
  • the known atomizing devices should enable (as far as possible) stoichiometric combustion of the liquid fuel and, on the exhaust gas side, minimize the proportions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
  • the burner output can be varied.
  • An essential factor in addition to the injection of the fuel is the combustion air supply. It is important for an energy-saving handling of the fuel that the burner output can be reduced to low values if necessary.
  • a control or adjustment of a fuel-air mixture for controlling the power of the burner takes place. Overall, the reliability of the control of Druckölzerstäubungsbrennern is perceived as unsatisfactory.
  • DE 10 2008 037 906 A1 discloses a method of controlling a nebulizer burner by adjusting a first fueling parameter (amount of fuel) in response to an air supply parameter (amount of air) for controlling the fuel-air mixture and the burner output.
  • the regulation of the burner takes place with the aid of a characteristic curve of a relationship between the first fuel supply parameter (fuel quantity) and the second fuel supply parameter (fuel pressure).
  • a core idea of the invention is that a setpoint deviation of the first fuel supply parameter (for example, the pump pressure) or the second fuel supply parameter (for example, the pump speed) from a (possibly previously determined, for example stored or stored in the control) setpoint Is determined to check the control of the atomizer or the performance of the burner on their plausibility.
  • a setpoint deviation of the first fuel supply parameter for example, the pump pressure
  • the second fuel supply parameter for example, the pump speed
  • the first fueling parameter is a fuel pressure, in particular between a pump outlet (24) and a fuel nozzle (12), preferably at a pump outlet (24), and / or the second fueling parameter is a pump speed of a feed pump (15).
  • the first or second fueling parameter may be a pump speed of a feed pump or a fuel supply flow or pressure, in particular between a pump outlet and a fuel nozzle, preferably at a pump outlet.
  • the first fueling parameter is the fuel pressure (at the pump outlet) and the second fueling parameter is the pump speed.
  • an air supply parameter is to be understood as a parameter that directs the air supply either directly or indirectly indicates at least indirectly, such that the air supply (at least approximately) can be determined (in a known geometry or structure of the sputtering device).
  • a fuel supply parameter should be understood as meaning a parameter which permits the determination of the fuel supply either directly or at least indirectly (with known geometry or structure of the atomizing device).
  • the pump pressure is comparatively high (possibly above a tolerance range around the characteristic curve), it is possible, for example, to deduce a blockage of the nozzle. If the pump pressure is comparatively low, it is possible, for example, to conclude that there is a leaky suction line or high pressure losses in an oil feed line. In general, therefore, damages or defects within the sputtering apparatus can be easily detected.
  • the sputtering apparatus can in principle - apart from the additional control technical aspects of the present invention - as in the not yet published German patent application with the file number DE 10 2011 075 409.1 described, be trained.
  • the tolerance is preferably at least +/- 1%, more preferably +/- 5%, and / or preferably at most +/- 20, more preferably +/- 12%, even more preferably +/- 2%. This improves the monitoring of the control.
  • a detected deviation from the tolerance can be used, for example, to issue a warning message.
  • a deviation from the characteristic curve in particular an exceeding of the tolerance, for example, be displayed on a display or a screen and / or when the tolerance is exceeded, a signal and / or a shutdown of the atomizing device.
  • a signal and / or a shutdown of the atomizing device is further increased.
  • the air supply parameter may be an air supply amount or a fan speed (which in turn determines or at least co-determines the air supply amount). This also simplifies the regulation.
  • the pump speed can be determined via a control signal, in particular a pulse width modulation signal. If the rotational speed of the pump is controlled, for example via a pulse width modulation signal, the corresponding control signal can be determined in a simple manner via a rotational speed feedback of the pump motor.
  • a setpoint deviation in the negative and positive range can be detected by means of a possibly dependent (for example in an optionally electronic storage means) mutual dependence of engine speed and pump pressure.
  • the air supply is (immediately) increased by a predetermined offset amount before an increase in the output of the burner, for which purpose preferably a blower speed is increased by a predetermined offset amount, for example by at least 50, more preferably at least 90 revolutions per Minute and / or preferably at most 200, more preferably at most 110 revolutions per minute.
  • a predetermined offset amount for example by at least 50, more preferably at least 90 revolutions per Minute and / or preferably at most 200, more preferably at most 110 revolutions per minute.
  • the fuel pressure is checked before commissioning a feed pump, preferably a warning or shutdown occurs when the fuel pressure is greater than a predetermined value (for example, 1 bar), preferably greater than 0 bar is.
  • a predetermined value for example, 1 bar
  • the pressure data are to be understood as differential pressure with respect to a surrounding normal pressure.
  • a warning signal or a shutdown takes place if no signal is present at all. This could be traceable, for example, to a malfunction of a pressure sensor.
  • the fuel pressure can be checked after commissioning a feed pump, wherein preferably a warning signal or a shutdown takes place when the fuel pressure is less than a predetermined value, in particular 0 bar. Again, it depends on a differential pressure to a surrounding normal pressure. A warning or a shutdown can alternatively or additionally be done if no pressure signal is present. In any case, the control of the atomizer in safety terms is further improved.
  • a device for controlling and / or monitoring a sputtering device for atomizing liquid fuels in a modulating burner comprising an air supply line for supplying air to the burner, a fuel supply line for supplying liquid to the burner an air supply parameter determining device for determining an air supply parameter (eg fan speed), a first fuel supply parameter determining device for determining a first fuel supply parameter (eg pump pressure), a second fuel supply parameter determining device for determining a second fuel supply parameter (eg pump speed), a control device for setting the first fuel supply parameter in dependence on the air supply parameter for controlling a fuel mixture for controlling the burner, a storage means, on the parameter Kennli Departure determining means for determining a deviation of the second fuel supply parameter from a first setpoint of a first characteristic of a relationship between the first fuel supply parameter and the second fuel supply parameter and / or for determining a deviation of the second fuel supply parameter from a second setpoint a second characteristic of a relationship between the first second fuel supply
  • a characteristic is stored in the control (for example for the pump pressure as a function of an engine speed or pump speed).
  • a fan for providing the air flow and / or a, in particular speed-controlled, pump, optionally comprising a fuel supply is provided, wherein the air supply parameter determining means preferably comprises a fan speed determining means and / or the first fuel supply parameter determining means preferably a pump pressure determining device.
  • a pressure sensor for determining a fuel pressure in the fuel supply line as the first or second fuel supply parameter, in particular between the pump outlet and a fuel nozzle, preferably at the pump outlet.
  • a fuel supply parameter can be easily determined, which simplifies the control.
  • a further fuel supply parameter may then be provided, for example, by a device configured to evaluate the pump speed of a pump, for example via a PWM signal (pulse width modulation signal). Overall, the scheme is reliably simplified.
  • the pump drive in particular electronically, is speed-controlled or speed-controllable.
  • the device according to the invention can comprise, for example, a display or a screen and / or a warning signal device, for example a light or a sound generating device.
  • a warning signal device for example a light or a sound generating device.
  • the device for regulating and / or monitoring may comprise devices or means which allow structurally already mentioned method steps.
  • a fuel boiler for example oil condensing boiler
  • a fuel-air network or oil-air network
  • the combustion ratio ⁇ is preferably constant in the modulation range.
  • the sputtering device can, as in the not yet published German patent application with the file number DE 10 2011 075 409.1 be executed. With such a spraying device or such a mixing system with a fuel nozzle (oil nozzle) a (possible) stoichiometric, low-emission combustion with very low levels of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides can be realized.
  • a modulation range a range of about 30 to 100% of a maximum power is proposed.
  • the heating requirement in heated buildings can be provided in an efficient manner even with comparatively large seasonal fluctuations.
  • needs-based control and thus energy-saving operation is possible.
  • safe and stable combustion should be ensured even at a lower power limit.
  • a fundamental idea of the invention is that for a reliable control in the predetermined operating range of the fuel-air network (oil-air network; oil-air) the relation of a first fuel supply parameter (in particular pump pressure) to a second fuel supply parameter (in particular a speed of the oil pump) is used.
  • a first fuel supply parameter in particular pump pressure
  • a second fuel supply parameter in particular a speed of the oil pump
  • a variable speed fuel pump is preferred.
  • Required auxiliary power for a pump drive can be kept low by using a (highly efficient) EC motor.
  • a power consumption strong
  • the pump drive can work with a relatively high efficiency.
  • the above object is achieved independently by a sputtering apparatus or a burner or boiler with the above-mentioned device for controlling and / or monitoring or designed to carry out the above method for controlling and / or monitoring.
  • the atomizing device 10 comprises a fuel nozzle 12 for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber 13.
  • the fuel is supplied via a fuel supply line 14 from a (speed-controlled) pump or oil pump 15.
  • the pump 15 is driven by a pump drive 16.
  • the speed of the pump drive 16 is determined via a speed-determining device 17.
  • the pump 15 is connected to a fuel supply 23 (possibly with a fuel reservoir or an oil reservoir).
  • a pressure at an outlet 24 of the pump 15 is measured by a pressure sensor 25.
  • a speed of the drive 19 of the blower 18 is determined by a speed-determining device (Hall sensor) 26.
  • the speed signal can be generated by a Hall sensor.
  • the pump pressure (which may correspond to the nozzle pressure) is a measure of the amount of fuel (amount of oil).
  • the pump pressure is in turn firmly related to the pump speed or the speed of the (electric) pump drive 16 of the pump 15.
  • a characteristic for a given geometry and structure of the sputtering apparatus 10 can be stored, for example, in a memory 27 of a control device 28.
  • the control device 28 can communicate with the other components of the atomizing device 10 (or also the burner 11), in particular with the speed-determining device 26, the pressure sensor 25 and the speed-determining device 17 (wired or wireless, for example via radio or infrared). Furthermore, for example, in the memory 27, an upper and a lower tolerance band can be set, so that a total of a tolerance range 29 (see FIG. Fig. 2 ) is defined around the characteristic 30 around.
  • the tolerance range 29 according to Fig. 2 In this case, it separates an upper region 31 from a lower region 32, in which the deviation from the characteristic is no longer accepted, so that a warning and in the extreme case even a fault shut-off takes place.
  • the plausibility check is carried out here in particular between pump speed and pump pressure, but can also be done indirectly between fan speed and pump speed.
  • niO areas 31 and 32 are also described as niO areas (where niO stands for “not okay”).
  • OK means "okay”.
  • tolerance band 33 the combustion is increasingly incomplete and it is to be expected with a higher CO-formation and an unstable flame.
  • tolerance band 34 takes place a combustion under air deficiency (rich mixture).
  • a fan offset for example, to (about or at least) 100 U / min, take place.
  • the pressure sensor 25 can be realized via an external pressure sensor with an output signal of for example 4 to 20 mA. A short circuit and an interruption can be detected. The pressure can be checked when the device starts up (and not when the engine is switched on). If a pressure signal is present, a lockout can occur. In a further (regular) startup, the pump drive 16 can be released. If no pressure signal is present at this time, a lockout occurs. An optionally calculated (for example, via the pulse width modulation signal) speed feedback of the pump drive 16 is detected by an optionally deposited dependence of engine speed to pump pressure, a setpoint deviation in the negative and positive range (plausibility check, see above).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé de régulation et/ou de surveillance d'un dispositif de pulvérisation (10) pour la pulvérisation de carburants liquides, plus particulièrement d'huile, dans un brûleur à modulation (11) avec les étapes suivantes :
    - détermination d'au moins un paramètre d'alimentation en air d'un premier et d'au moins un deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en carburant,
    - réglage du premier paramètre d'alimentation en carburant en fonction du paramètre d'alimentation en air pour la régulation d'un mélange carburant-air pour la régulation de la puissance du brûleur,
    - détermination d'un premier écart d'un deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en carburant par rapport à une valeur de consigne d'une première courbe caractéristique d'une dépendance entre un premier paramètre d'alimentation en carburant et un deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en air et/ou
    - détermination d'une deuxième écart du deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en carburant entre une valeur de consigne d'une deuxième courbe caractéristique d'une dépendance entre un deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en carburant et un paramètre d'alimentation en air.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier paramètre d'alimentation en carburant est une pression de carburant, plus particulièrement entre une sortie de pompe (24) et une buse de carburant (12), de préférence au niveau d'une sortie de pompe (24) et/ou le deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en carburant est une vitesse de rotation d'une pompe de refoulement (15).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est déterminé si le premier et/ou le deuxième écart se trouve à l'extérieur ou à l'intérieur d'une tolérance prédéterminée, la tolérance étant de préférence d'au moins +/- 1%, de préférence +/- 5% et/ou de préférence au maximum de +/- 20%, de préférence de +/-12%, de préférence de +/- 2% par rapport à la valeur de consigne.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un écart par rapport à la courbe caractéristique, plus particulièrement un dépassement de la tolérance, est affiché sur un dispositif d'affichage ou un écran et/ou, lors d'un dépassement de la tolérance, un signal, par exemple acoustique ou optique est déclenché et/ou un arrêt du dispositif de pulvérisation a lieu.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le paramètre d'alimentation en air est une vitesse de rotation de soufflerie ou un débit d'alimentation en air.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, plus particulièrement selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de rotation de la pompe est déterminée par l'intermédiaire d'un signal de commande, plus particulièrement un signal de modulation de largeur d'impulsion.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, avant une augmentation de la puissance du brûleur, l'alimentation en air est augmentée d'une valeur d'offset prédéterminée, une vitesse de rotation de soufflerie étant de préférence augmentée d'une valeur d'offset prédéterminée, par exemple d'au moins 50, de préférence d'au moins 90 tr/min et/ou de maximum 200, de préférence de maximum 110 tr/min.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, avant la mise en service d'une pompe de refoulement (15), la pression de carburant est contrôlée, de préférence un signal d'avertissement étant déclenché ou un arrêt ayant lieu lorsque la pression de carburant est supérieure à une valeur prédéterminée, par exemple 1 bar, de préférence supérieure à 0 bar.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, après la mise en service d'une pompe de refoulement (15), la pression de carburant est contrôlée, de préférence un signal d'avertissement étant déclenché ou un arrêt ayant lieu lorsque la pression de carburant est inférieure à une valeur prédéterminée, plus particulièrement égale à 0 bar.
  10. Dispositif de régulation et/ou de surveillance d'un dispositif de pulvérisation (10) pour la pulvérisation de carburants liquides dans un brûleur à modulation (11) comprenant :
    - une conduite d'alimentation en air (21) afin de pouvoir introduire de l'air dans le brûleur (11),
    - une conduite d'alimentation en carburant afin de pouvoir introduire du carburant liquide dans le brûleur,
    - un dispositif de détermination de paramètre d'alimentation en air pour la détermination d'un paramètre d'alimentation en air,
    - un premier dispositif de détermination de paramètre d'alimentation en carburant pour la détermination d'un premier paramètre d'alimentation en carburant,
    - un deuxième dispositif de détermination de paramètre d'alimentation en carburant pour la détermination d'un deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en carburant,
    - un dispositif de régulation pour le réglage du premier paramètre d'alimentation en carburant en fonction du paramètre d'alimentation en air pour la régulation d'un mélange de carburant pour la régulation du brûleur (11),
    - un moyen d'enregistrement dans lequel des courbes caractéristiques de paramètres sont stockées,
    - un dispositif de détermination d'écart pour la détermination d'un écart entre le deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en carburant et une première valeur de consigne d'une première courbe caractéristique d'une dépendance entre un premier paramètre d'alimentation en carburant et un deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en carburant et/ou
    - un dispositif de détermination d'écart pour la détermination d'un écart entre le deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en carburant et une deuxième valeur de consigne d'une deuxième courbe caractéristique d'une dépendance entre un premier paramètre d'alimentation en carburant et un paramètre d'alimentation en air.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par une soufflerie (18) pour la production d'un flux d'air et/ou une pompe (15), plus particulièrement régulée en vitesse de rotation, comprenant le cas échéant une alimentation en carburant (23), le dispositif de détermination de paramètre d'alimentation en air comprenant de préférence un dispositif de détermination de vitesse de rotation de la soufflerie et/ou le premier dispositif de détermination de paramètre d'alimentation en carburant comprenant de préférence un dispositif de détermination de la pression de pompage.
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé par un capteur de pression (25) pour la détermination d'une pression de carburant dans la conduite d'alimentation en carburant en tant que premier ou deuxième paramètre d'alimentation en carburant, plus particulièrement entre la sortie de la pompe et la buse de carburant (12), de préférence au niveau de la sortie de la pompe (24).
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, plus particulièrement selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement de la pompe est régulé en vitesse de rotation, plus particulièrement de manière électronique, ou comprend un moteur EC.
  14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisé par un dispositif d'affichage ou un écran et/ou un dispositif à signal d'avertissement, par exemple un voyant ou un dispositif à signal sonore.
EP12188619.6A 2011-11-04 2012-10-16 Procédé et dispositif de réglage ou surveillance d'un dispositif de pulvérisation permettant de pulvériser des combustibles liquides dans un brûleur à modulation Active EP2589871B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011055049A DE102011055049A1 (de) 2011-11-04 2011-11-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung bzw. Überwachung einer Zerstäubungsvorrichtung für die Zerstäubung flüssiger Brennstoffe in einem modulierenden Brenner

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EP2589871A1 EP2589871A1 (fr) 2013-05-08
EP2589871B1 true EP2589871B1 (fr) 2015-07-29

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RU2534920C1 (ru) * 2013-06-05 2014-12-10 Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт электрификации сельского хозяйства Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук (ГНУ ВИЭСХ Россельхозакадемии) Способ автоматического регулирования соотношения топливо-воздух в топке котла

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EP1006316B1 (fr) * 1998-11-30 2002-10-09 Hamworthy Combustion Engineering Limited Systèmes de brûleurs à mazout
CN1320306C (zh) * 2002-12-25 2007-06-06 李延新 一种燃烧机的燃烧控制方法及自动控制燃烧机
DE102008037906B4 (de) * 2008-08-15 2012-02-23 Ulrich Dreizler Verfahren und Brenner zum Steuern eines Brennstoffluftgemisches einer mittleren bzw. großen Feuerungsanlage
DE102011075409A1 (de) 2011-05-06 2012-11-08 Wolf Gmbh Mischsystem für modulierenden Brenner und Drallkörper für Mischsystem

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EP2589871A1 (fr) 2013-05-08

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