EP2549045B1 - Window or door frames with an outer shell - Google Patents
Window or door frames with an outer shell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2549045B1 EP2549045B1 EP12005341.8A EP12005341A EP2549045B1 EP 2549045 B1 EP2549045 B1 EP 2549045B1 EP 12005341 A EP12005341 A EP 12005341A EP 2549045 B1 EP2549045 B1 EP 2549045B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- window
- outer shell
- frame
- door frame
- extension
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/30—Coverings, e.g. protecting against weather, for decorative purposes
- E06B3/301—Coverings, e.g. protecting against weather, for decorative purposes consisting of prefabricated profiled members or glass
- E06B3/302—Covering wooden frames with metal or plastic profiled members
Definitions
- the invention relates to a window or door frame with attachment shells.
- Attachment shells allow a variety of design possibilities of window or door frames.
- a variety of surface effects can be achieved by anodization, powder coating or painting.
- From the DE 30 32 939 A1 is known a frame with attachment shells.
- Prior art shells known from the prior art are adapted exactly to the geometry of selected frame profiles and are clipped onto the frame profiles during assembly, so that in the mounted state there is a positive connection between the frame profile and the facing shell.
- the frame according to the invention comprises an attachment shell as a connection element for a window sill.
- Window sills have the task of draining water running down the window via a drip edge in front of the façade. Furthermore, they should protect the substructure from penetrating moisture and thus prevent damage or thermal bridges.
- the support element is designed in several parts, wherein a profile element with a substantially flat support surface for a window in another profile element can be inserted.
- the further profile element has on the directed to the outside of the building side wall profiling, which with the complementary formed Profiling cooperates on the sealing element.
- the profiling of the support element is formed by a undercut or undercut groove or groove which opens in the installed position downwards and extends substantially over the entire width of the support element, in this groove engages the complementarily formed profiling of the sealing element.
- the invention has for its object to further develop the known prior art.
- the attachment shell can be used for different frame profiles.
- it opens the possibility of making the window frame flush with the glass pane and thus creating "frameless" windows that not only meet the requirements of modern architecture, but also allow more light and have considerable advantages in terms of care and maintenance.
- the facing shell is made of aluminum.
- the window or door frame is constructed according to the invention of hollow plastic profiles. A structurally advantageous solution is obtained when the at least one, spaced from the edge of the attachment shell extension frictionally projects into an elastic recess of the frame.
- the attachment shell extends only over part of the window or door frame.
- the appearance of the window or door frame can be changed so that it appears narrower.
- the thermal properties of the frame can also be improved by extending part of the building insulation over the part of the frame not covered by the facing shell.
- the attachment shell is designed as a connection element for a window sill and comprises the attachment shell an approximately rectangular profile open in the installed position at the lower outer corner for receiving the building-side, folded-up part of the cross-sectionally approximately Z-shaped window sill and a sealing element. This allows a simple and quick installation of conventional window sills.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show a frame without a sill and are only for understanding the invention.
- FIGS. 3 . 4 and 5 show a frame with a sill according to the invention.
- the representation after Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a window frame consisting of casement 1 and frame 2.
- the casement 1 holds a glass 3.
- Wing 1 and frame 2 are constructed of plastic hollow sections and each provided with a facing shell 4, 5 made of aluminum.
- Plastic hollow sections are easy to produce, they have very good thermal insulation properties. In addition, they are insensitive to acid, exhaust gases and cleaning agents.
- the attachment shells 4, 5 not only improve the weather resistance of the frame, but also allow a variety of design options. Thus, by using the facing shell 4 on the casement 1 in particular a flush design of frame 1, 2 and glass 3 and thus a contemporary modern design allows.
- the attachment shell 4, 5 has an extension 6 spaced apart from the edge, which protrudes into an elastic recess on the frame and thus forms a frictionally stable connection.
- the elasticity of the recess can also be achieved by using an elastic clamping profile, for example made of rubber, which is inserted into a groove of the frame.
- an alternative constructive solution is that the spaced from the edge of the attachment shell extension forms a recess into which an elastic extension 7 of the frame projects frictionally.
- This elastic extension can also be designed as an intermediate element, which is inserted for example in a groove of the frame.
- a facing shell 5 can be sawed off below the extension 6 or the corresponding recess and thus adapted to the most diverse requirements with regard to the partial covering.
- FIGS. 3 to 5 show embodiments of the invention in which a facing shell 5 serves as a connection element for a windowsill.
- FIG. 1 The illustrations each show a cross section through a window frame according to the invention consisting of casement 1 and window frame 2.
- the casement 1 holds a glass pane 3.
- Casement 1 and frame 2 are each provided with an attachment shell 4, 5 made of aluminum.
- connection element for a windowsill wherein the connection element in the installation position at the lower outer corner open approximately rectangular profile 8 for receiving the building side, folded portion 9 of the cross-section approximately Z-shaped windowsill and a sealing element 10 includes.
- Theticiankantete part 9 of the windowsill is introduced during assembly in the open approximately rectangular profile 8 and clamped there.
- the open approximately rectangular profile 8 in the upper region has a recess into which the theenfinkantete part of the windowsill protrudes and if the dimensions of profile 8 andCTkantetem part match so that a clamping takes place in such a way that the raised part 9 of the windowsill rests against the rear wall 13 of the approximately rectangular profile.
- a sealing element 10 is introduced into the open approximately rectangular profile 8, which clamps the sill, so that no movement is possible.
- the sealing element 10 also serves to damp vibrations which may occur, for example, in the case of wind.
- these leads 10 may be designed flush, as shown Fig. 3 it is also conceivable, however, to design the leads 12 as a channel projecting out of the facing shell 5.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fenster- oder Türrahmen mit Vorsatzschalen. Vorsatzschalen erlauben vielfältige Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten von Fenster- oder Türrahmen. Insbesondere bei Verwendung von Aluminium sind durch Eloxierung, Pulverbeschichtung oder Lackierung die unterschiedlichsten Oberflächeneffekte erzielbar. Aus der
Aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Vorsatzschalen sind exakt an die Geometrie ausgewählter Rahmenprofile angepasst und werden bei der Montage auf die Rahmenprofile aufgeklippst, sodass im montierten Zustand eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Rahmenprofil und Vorsatzschale vorliegt. Der Rahmen nach der Erfindung umfasst eine Vorsatzschale als Anschlusselement für eine Fensterbank. Fensterbänke haben die Aufgabe, vom Fenster herab laufendes Wasser über eine Tropfkante vor der Fassade abzuleiten. Weiterhin sollen sie die Unterkonstruktion vor eindringender Feuchtigkeit bewahren und so Schäden oder Wärmebrücken zu verhindern.Prior art shells known from the prior art are adapted exactly to the geometry of selected frame profiles and are clipped onto the frame profiles during assembly, so that in the mounted state there is a positive connection between the frame profile and the facing shell. The frame according to the invention comprises an attachment shell as a connection element for a window sill. Window sills have the task of draining water running down the window via a drip edge in front of the façade. Furthermore, they should protect the substructure from penetrating moisture and thus prevent damage or thermal bridges.
Aus der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den bekannten Stand der Technik weiterzuentwickeln.The invention has for its object to further develop the known prior art.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einem Tür- oder Fensterrahmen nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Die Vorsatzschale kann für unterschiedliche Rahmenprofile eingesetzt werden. Darüber hinaus eröffnet sie die Möglichkeit den Fensterrahmen bündig mit der Glasscheibe zu gestalten und somit "rahmenlose" Fenster zu schaffen, die nicht nur den Anforderungen moderner Architektur entsprechen, sondern auch mehr Lichteinfall ermöglichen und erhebliche Vorteile bei Pflege und Wartung aufweisen.This object is achieved with a door or window frame according to claim 1. The attachment shell can be used for different frame profiles. In addition, it opens the possibility of making the window frame flush with the glass pane and thus creating "frameless" windows that not only meet the requirements of modern architecture, but also allow more light and have considerable advantages in terms of care and maintenance.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Vorsatzschale aus Aluminium besteht. Der Fenster- oder Türrahmen ist gemäß der Erfindung aus Kunststoff-Hohlprofilen aufgebaut. Eine konstruktiv vorteilhafte Lösung erhält man, wenn der zumindest eine, vom Rand der Vorsatzschale beabstandete Fortsatz kraftschlüssig in eine elastische Ausnehmung des Rahmens ragt.It is advantageous if the facing shell is made of aluminum. The window or door frame is constructed according to the invention of hollow plastic profiles. A structurally advantageous solution is obtained when the at least one, spaced from the edge of the attachment shell extension frictionally projects into an elastic recess of the frame.
Eine alternative konstruktiv vorteilhafte Lösung wird dann erhalten, wenn der zumindest eine, vom Rand der Vorsatzschale beabstandete Fortsatz eine Ausnehmung bildet, in welche ein elastischer Fortsatz des Rahmens kraftschlüssig ragt.An alternative structurally advantageous solution is then obtained if the at least one, from the edge of the attachment shell spaced extension forms a recess into which an elastic extension of the frame projects frictionally.
Vorteilhaft ist es auch, wenn sich die Vorsatzschale lediglich über einen Teil des Fenster- oder Türrahmens erstreckt. Damit kann einerseits die Optik des Fenster- oder Türrahmens verändert werden, sodass dieser schmäler erscheint. Darüber hinaus können auch die thermischen Eigenschaften des Rahmens verbessert werden, indem sich ein Teil der Gebäudeisolierung über den von der Vorsatzschale nicht überdeckten Teil des Rahmens erstreckt.It is also advantageous if the attachment shell extends only over part of the window or door frame. Thus, on the one hand, the appearance of the window or door frame can be changed so that it appears narrower. In addition, the thermal properties of the frame can also be improved by extending part of the building insulation over the part of the frame not covered by the facing shell.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es in vorteilhafter Weise auch möglich, die Vorsatzschalen in standardisierter Ausfertigung an unterschiedlichste Einsatzformen anzupassen. So kann beispielsweise die nur teilweise Abdeckung der Rahmen dadurch erhalten werden, dass der untere bereich einer Vorsatzschale abgeschnitten wird. Erfindungsgemäß ist die Vorsatzschale als Anschlusselement für eine Fensterbank ausgebildet und umfasst die Vorsatzschale ein in der Einbaulage an der unteren äußeren Ecke offenes annähernd rechteckförmiges Profil zur Aufnahme des gebäudeseitigen, aufgekanteten Teils der im Querschnitt annähernd Z-förmigen Fensterbank und eines Dichtungselementes. Damit wird eine einfache und rasche Montage von üblichen Fensterbänken ermöglicht.Due to the inventive design of the invention, it is also possible in an advantageous manner to adapt the facing shells in standardized form to a variety of uses. Thus, for example, the only partial cover of the frame can be obtained by cutting off the lower area of an attachment shell. According to the invention, the attachment shell is designed as a connection element for a window sill and comprises the attachment shell an approximately rectangular profile open in the installed position at the lower outer corner for receiving the building-side, folded-up part of the cross-sectionally approximately Z-shaped window sill and a sealing element. This allows a simple and quick installation of conventional window sills.
Vorteilhaft ist auch eine Ausgestaltung bei der die Vorsatzschale, sowie die Verbindungen zu dem Fenster- oder Türrahmen Öffnungen aufweisen, mittels denen eine Ableitung eindringender Feuchtigkeit möglich ist.Also advantageous is an embodiment in which the facing shell, as well as the connections to the window or door frame openings, by means of which a discharge of penetrating moisture is possible.
Die Erfindung wird anhand von fünf Figuren näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to five figures.
Die
Die
Kunststoff-Hohlprofile sind einfach herzustellen, sie weisen sehr gute Wärmedämmeigenschaften auf. Darüber hinaus sind sie gegen Säure, Abgase und Reinigungsmittel unempfindlich.Plastic hollow sections are easy to produce, they have very good thermal insulation properties. In addition, they are insensitive to acid, exhaust gases and cleaning agents.
Die Vorsatzschalen 4, 5 verbessern nicht nur die Witterungsbeständigkeit des Rahmens, sondern ermöglichen auch eine Vielzahl von Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten. So wird durch Einsatz der Vorsatzschale 4 am Flügelrahmen 1 insbesondere eine bündige Gestaltung von Rahmen 1, 2 und Glasscheibe 3 und damit ein zeitgemäßes modernes Design ermöglicht. Die Vorsatzschale 4,5 weist einen vom Rand beabstandeten Fortsatz 6 auf, der in eine elastische Ausnehmung am Rahmen ragt und damit eine kraftschlüssige stabile Verbindung bildet. Die Elastizität der Ausnehmung kann auch durch Einsatz eines elastischen Klemmprofiles, beispielsweise aus Gummi, erzielt werden, welches in eine Nut des Rahmens eingefügt wird.The
Wie aus
Für die Funktion der Erfindung ist es grundsätzlich unerheblich, ob der Kraftschluss zwischen den beiden Elementen durch eine Elastizität des Fortsatzes oder der Ausnehmung erzielt wird.For the function of the invention, it is basically irrelevant whether the adhesion between the two elements is achieved by an elasticity of the extension or the recess.
Für den Fall, dass eine nur teilweise Abdeckung des Fenster - oder Türrahmens zur Veränderung der Optik , oder zur Verbes- serung der thermischen Eigenschaften des Rahmens - indem sich ein Teil der Gebäudeisolierung über den von der Vorsatzschale nicht überdeckten Teil des Rahmens erstreckt- wird, kann eine Vorsatzschale 5 unterhalb des Fortsatzes 6 oder der entsprechenden Ausnehmung abgesägt werden und so an die unterschiedlichsten Anforderungen hinsichtlich der teilweisen Abdeckung angepasst werden.In the event that only partial coverage of the window or door frame to change the appearance, or to improve the thermal properties of the frame - by a part of the building insulation extends over the part of the frame not covered by the facing shell, For example, a facing
Die
Die Darstellungen zeigen jeweils einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Fensterrahmen bestehend aus Flügelrahmen 1 und Blendrahmen 2. Der Flügelrahmen 1 hält eine Glasscheibe 3. Flügelrahmen 1 und Blendrahmen 2 sind jeweils mit einer Vorsatzschale 4, 5 aus Aluminium versehen.The illustrations each show a cross section through a window frame according to the invention consisting of casement 1 and
Erfindungsgemäß dienen die am Blendrahmen angebrachten Vorsatzschalen 5 als Anschlusselement für eine Fensterbank, wobei das Anschlusselement ein in der Einbaulage an der unteren äußeren Ecke offenes annähernd rechteckförmiges Profil 8 zur Aufnahme des gebäudeseitigen, aufgekanteten Teils 9 der im Querschnitt annähernd Z-förmigen Fensterbank und eines Dichtungselementes 10 umfasst.According to the invention attached to the
Der aufgekantete Teil 9 der Fensterbank wird bei der Montage in das offene annähernd rechteckförmige Profil 8 eingebracht und dort geklemmt. Dazu ist es zweckmäßig, wenn das offene annähernd rechteckförmige Profil 8 im oberen Bereich eine Ausnehmung aufweist, in die der aufgekantete Teil der Fensterbank ragt und wenn die Abmessungen von Profil 8 und aufgekantetem Teil so übereinstimmen, dass eine Klemmung in der Weise erfolgt, dass der aufgekantete Teil 9 der Fensterbank an der Rückwand 13 des annähernd rechteckförmigen Profiles anliegt.The
Durch das Eigengewicht der Fensterbank ist dieselbe dann fixiert. Um ein Aufkippen, beispielsweise durch Winddruck zu verhindern, wird in das offene annähernd rechteckförmiges Profil 8 noch ein Dichtungselement 10 eingebracht, welches die Fensterbank klemmt, sodass keine Bewegung mehr möglich ist.Due to the weight of the windowsill it is then fixed. In order to prevent tipping, for example by wind pressure, a
Durch seine elastischen Eigenschaften dient das Dichtungselement 10 auch der Dämpfung von Vibrationen, die beispielsweise bei Wind auftreten können.Due to its elastic properties, the sealing
Günstig ist es, wenn für einen Abfluss der zwischen Vorsatzschalen 4, 5 und Rahmen eindringenden Flüssigkeit 11 entsprechende Ableitungen 10 vorgesehen werden.It is favorable if
Wie in
- 11
- Flügelrahmencasement
- 22
- Blendrahmenframe
- 33
- Glasscheibepane
- 44
- Vorsatzschale des FlügelrahmensFront shell of the sash
- 55
- Vorsatzschale des BlendrahmensAttachment shell of the frame
- 66
- Fortsatz der VorsatzschaleExtension of the attachment shell
- 77
- Fortsatz des RahmensExtension of the frame
- 88th
- offenes annähernd rechteckförmiges Profilopen approximately rectangular profile
- 99
- aufgekanteter Teil der im Querschnitt annähernd Z-förmigen Fensterbankaufkanteter part of the cross-section approximately Z-shaped windowsill
- 1010
- Dichtungselementsealing element
- 1111
- Feuchtigkeithumidity
- 1212
- Ableitungenderivations
- 1313
- Rückwand des annähernd rechteckförmigen ProfilesRear wall of the approximately rectangular profile
Claims (5)
- Window or door frame with an outer shell, wherein the window or door frames consist of a sash and a frame which are constructed from hollow plastics profiles and are each provided with an outer shell, wherein at least one extension (6) spaced apart from the edge of the outer shell (4, 5) is provided in such a manner that a force-fitting connection is provided between the outer shell (4, 5) and the window or door frame (1, 2), characterized in that the window or door frame comprises a window sill, and the outer shell (5) which is attached to the frame is designed as a connecting element for the window sill and comprises an approximately rectangular profile which is open at the lower outer corner in the installed position, wherein the profile receives the building-side, bent-up part of the window sill, which is approximately Z-shaped in cross section, and a sealing element (10).
- Window or door frame with an outer shell and a window sill according to Claim 1, characterized in that the outer: shell (4, 5) is composed of aluminium.
- Window or door frame with an outer shell and a window sill according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the at least one extension (6) which is spaced apart from the edge of the outer shell (4, 5) projects into an elastic recess of the frame (1, 2) and is clamped there.
- Window or door frame with an outer shell and a window sill according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one extension (6) which is spaced apart from the edge of the outer shell forms a recess into which an elastic extension (7) of the frame (1, 2) projects in a force-fitting manner.
- Window or door frame with an outer shell and a window sill according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outer shell (4, 5) extends only over part of the window or door frame.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL12005341T PL2549045T3 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2012-07-21 | Window or door frames with an outer shell |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA1080/2011A AT511742B1 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-07-22 | SUPPLY SCREEN FOR WINDOW OR DOOR FRAME |
ATA1079/2011A AT511743B1 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2011-07-22 | CONNECTOR FOR WINDOW BANK |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2549045A2 EP2549045A2 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
EP2549045A3 EP2549045A3 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
EP2549045B1 true EP2549045B1 (en) | 2018-02-14 |
Family
ID=46601669
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12005341.8A Active EP2549045B1 (en) | 2011-07-22 | 2012-07-21 | Window or door frames with an outer shell |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2549045B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2549045T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018123598A1 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-26 | LÖWE Fenster Löffler GmbH | Profile construction and assembly process |
DE202019106637U1 (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2021-03-02 | Rehau Ag + Co | Window or door sash as well as window or door encompassing this |
DE202021106912U1 (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2023-03-27 | REHAU Industries SE & Co. KG | Window or door sashes, blind frames as well as the window or door surrounding this(s). |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2221180A1 (en) * | 1971-11-23 | 1973-05-24 | Schweizer Metallbau Ernst | Z-FOERMIG PROFILED WINDOW SILL WITH FASTENERS |
DE3015822A1 (en) * | 1980-04-24 | 1981-11-12 | Götz Metallbau GmbH, 8360 Deggendorf | Part metal and part plastics window frame - has parallel metal cladding flange profile joined to plastic profile vertical to plane |
DE3032939A1 (en) * | 1980-09-02 | 1982-04-29 | Chemische Werke Salamander Gmbh, 7014 Kornwestheim | Composite door or window frame section - has screen piece cross-arms gripping vertical main piece external cross-arm |
EP0674081A2 (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-09-27 | Thyssen Polymer Gmbh | Window |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1555376A1 (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-20 | Technoform Caprano + Brunnhofer GmbH & Co. KG | Composite profile |
AT8397U1 (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-07-15 | Haager Susanne | SUPPORT AND SEAL STRUCTURE FOR A BUILDING OPENING CLOSING ELEMENT, FOR EXAMPLE WINDOW, DOOR OR DGL. |
DE202009007634U1 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-10-21 | Chempe Gmbh & Co. Kg | Window sill sealing system |
-
2012
- 2012-07-21 PL PL12005341T patent/PL2549045T3/en unknown
- 2012-07-21 EP EP12005341.8A patent/EP2549045B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2221180A1 (en) * | 1971-11-23 | 1973-05-24 | Schweizer Metallbau Ernst | Z-FOERMIG PROFILED WINDOW SILL WITH FASTENERS |
DE3015822A1 (en) * | 1980-04-24 | 1981-11-12 | Götz Metallbau GmbH, 8360 Deggendorf | Part metal and part plastics window frame - has parallel metal cladding flange profile joined to plastic profile vertical to plane |
DE3032939A1 (en) * | 1980-09-02 | 1982-04-29 | Chemische Werke Salamander Gmbh, 7014 Kornwestheim | Composite door or window frame section - has screen piece cross-arms gripping vertical main piece external cross-arm |
EP0674081A2 (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-09-27 | Thyssen Polymer Gmbh | Window |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2549045T3 (en) | 2018-09-28 |
EP2549045A3 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
EP2549045A2 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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