EP2526074A2 - Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlkörpern mit eingeschlossenen frei beweglichen partikeln - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlkörpern mit eingeschlossenen frei beweglichen partikelnInfo
- Publication number
- EP2526074A2 EP2526074A2 EP11700364A EP11700364A EP2526074A2 EP 2526074 A2 EP2526074 A2 EP 2526074A2 EP 11700364 A EP11700364 A EP 11700364A EP 11700364 A EP11700364 A EP 11700364A EP 2526074 A2 EP2526074 A2 EP 2526074A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gel
- particles
- cores
- forming liquid
- crosslinking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 boron nitride nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940087654 iron carbonyl Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052575 non-oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011225 non-oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001744 Polyaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium oxide Inorganic materials [Cd]=O CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum dipotassium disodium dioxosilane iron(3+) oxocalcium oxomagnesium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O=[Mg].O=[Ca].O=[Si]=O SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N dibutyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxosilane oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[K+].[K+].O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- CYKDLUMZOVATFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl acetate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CC(=O)OC=C CYKDLUMZOVATFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VAKIVKMUBMZANL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron phosphide Chemical compound P.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] VAKIVKMUBMZANL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006740 morphological transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010449 novaculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052628 phlogopite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/624—Sol-gel processing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
- C04B35/58085—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/009—Porous or hollow ceramic granular materials, e.g. microballoons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing hollow bodies with enclosed in the hollow body, freely moving particles.
- hollow bodies with trapped, freely movable particles serve as sound-absorbing structures, in particular for applications in which structure-borne noise occurs and requires damping.
- a coating formed from at least two individual layers formed one above the other is applied to a core of an organic substance.
- solid particles of a substance are contained, which are formed from a material having a higher sintering temperature than particles of a material which are contained in a further applied layer.
- a heat treatment is carried out, in which first the organic constituents are pyrolyzed, the pulverulent particles of the layer, which are formed directly on the core, are released, and the powdery particles of the outer layer are sintered into a shell.
- the hollow structural elements are used as a loose bed or are connected by sintering by gluing, soldering or United cohesively to form bodies with each other.
- DE-A 2342948 discloses a method for producing hollow bodies consisting of a cavity enclosing a shell of a ceramic material. For this purpose, moldings of a combustible or heat-decomposable organic material coated with a powder of an unburned ceramic material and a binder are added, and the coated moldings are then heated to 200 to 2000 ° C., causing the organic material to burn or decompose Binder burns or decomposes or merges into its own ceramic bond and the ceramic material sinters.
- EP-A 300 543 describes a method for producing metallic or ceramic hollow spheres by applying a solid layer to a substantially spherical particle of foamed polymer and pyrolyzing the coated polymer core.
- the particles of foamed polymer preferably of expanded polystyrene, are treated under agitation with an aqueous suspension containing the dissolved or suspended binder and metallic and / or ketone. contains Ramische powder particles, the coated and dried particles at 400 to 500 ° C with movement pyrolyzed and sintered at temperatures of 900 to 1500 ° C with agitation.
- the earlier application EP 09157551.4 describes a process for producing hollow bodies with freely movable particles enclosed in the hollow body, in which cores of essentially closed-cell polymer foam particles in which particles are dispersed are coated with a composition containing a sinterable material and a binder, and heat-treated coated cores, in which the polymer and the binder are expelled and the sinterable material sintered into a closed shell.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for the production of hollow bodies with trapped, free-moving particles, which allows the admiffle- lar production of hollow bodies with high degrees of filling.
- the object is achieved by a method for producing hollow bodies with freely movable particles enclosed in the hollow body, in which a) particles are suspended in a gel-forming liquid and the gel-forming liquid is introduced into a crosslinking bath,
- the cores are coated with a sinterable material and a binder-containing composition
- the gel-forming liquid is preferably an aqueous gel-forming liquid. It contains a gelling agent that forms a gel upon contact with a crosslinking agent while crosslinking.
- the gel-forming liquid with the particles dispersed therein is passed through a nozzle, z. B. with the aid of a pump, dropped into the crosslinking bath.
- the crosslinking bath is preferably an aqueous crosslinking bath. It contains a crosslinking agent which, on contact with the gelling agent contained in the gel-forming liquid, forms a gel with crosslinking, which stabilizes the shape of the droplets of the gel-forming liquid introduced into the crosslinking bath and encapsulates the particles dispersed therein.
- the resulting gel cores are isolated, for. B. filtered off and dried. They can be classified by sizing according to size.
- the gel cores serve as a template for the production of filled hollow bodies.
- the cores are coated with a sinterable material and a binder-containing composition, and the coated cores are subjected to a heat treatment in which the gel and the binder are expelled and the sinterable material is sintered into a closed shell.
- the particles dispersed in the gel are also released and are freely movable in the finished hollow body.
- the gelling agent may, for example, be ionically crosslinking gelling agents or covalently crosslinking gelling agents.
- Suitable covalently crosslinking gelling agents are, for example, polyacrylamides or polyurethanes which can be crosslinked with polyaldehydes, polyepoxides or the like. Ionically crosslinking gellants are preferred. Suitable ionically crosslinking gelling agents are alginates, carrageenans, chitosans and pectinates. Crosslinkers used are metal ions, in particular polyvalent metal ions, such as calcium and / or magnesium ions. The concentration of the gelling agent in the gel-forming liquid is chosen to be sufficiently high that the crosslinking takes place at a sufficient rate and the resulting gel cores have sufficient stability.
- the concentration of the gelling agent in the gel-forming liquid With the concentration of the gelling agent in the gel-forming liquid, however, the viscosity of the gel-forming liquid increases. The higher the viscosity of the gel-forming liquid, the more difficult it is to obtain small droplets and thus small gel cores.
- the concentration of the crosslinker in the crosslinking bath is chosen to be sufficiently high that crosslinking takes place at a sufficient rate. The skilled person can easily determine appropriate concentrations taking into account the aforementioned factors.
- the ionically crosslinking gellant is sodium alginate; the crosslinking bath contains calcium ions, e.g. In the form of calcium chloride.
- the sodium alginate concentration in the gel-forming liquid is preferably 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, in particular 0.5 to 2 wt .-%.
- the calcium chloride concentration in the crosslinking bath is preferably 0.05 to 20 wt .-%, in particular 0.5 to 5 wt .-%.
- the cores are substantially spherical.
- the cores generally have a diameter (or a length in the direction of the largest spatial extent in non-spherical cores) of 0.1 to 20 mm, in particular 1 to 3 mm.
- the droplets may be deformed due to the surface tension of the crosslinking bath, so that the shape of the gel cores obtained deviates more or less from the ideal spherical shape.
- the drops of the gel-forming liquid with the particles dispersed therein can recover their ideal spherical shape. These then sink from the liquid phase into the crosslinking bath, where the gelation takes place by crosslinking and the spherical shape is stabilized.
- water-immiscible solvents of lower density than water e.g. Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane; or aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and the like.
- the gel-forming liquid contains 10 to 90% by weight of dispersed particles, in particular 30 to 60% by weight of dispersed particles, based on the total weight of the gel-forming liquid and of the particles.
- the density of the dispersed particles used in the invention is generally from 1000 to 10000 g / l.
- the particles generally have a higher sintering temperature than the sinterable material, for. B. a higher by at least 100 K sintering temperature.
- the particles are selected from inorganic materials, e.g. A carbide such as silicon carbide or boron carbide; a nitride, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, boron nitride or titanium nitride; Silicide and / or aluminide.
- Particularly preferred particles are oxides, such as Al 2 O 3 (in all modifications, in particular as Corundum, boehmite, AIO (OH) or aluminum hydroxide), Zr0 2, Y2O3, MgO, ZnO, CdO, S1O2, T1O2, Ce0 2, Fe 2 0 3, Fe 3 0 4, BaTiOs, CuO, NiO, CoO, Co 3 0 4 .
- a carbide such as silicon carbide or boron carbide
- These may be, for example, particles which are usually used for the production of glass (eg borosilicate glass, soda lime glass or silica glass), glass ceramics or ceramics (eg based on the oxides S1O2, BeO, Al2O3, ZrO2 or MgO or the corresponding mixed oxides ), or non-oxide ceramics such as silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron nitride nitrides such as BN, AIN, Si 3 N 4 and Ti 3 N 4 , or boron carbide). It can also be particles that serve as fillers or pigments. Technically important fillers are z. B.
- glass eg borosilicate glass, soda lime glass or silica glass
- glass ceramics or ceramics eg based on the oxides S1O2, BeO, Al2O3, ZrO2 or MgO or the corresponding mixed oxides
- non-oxide ceramics such as silicon nitride, silicon carbide
- fillers based on Si0 2 such as quartz, cristobalite, tripolite, novaculite, diatomaceous earth, silica, fumed silicas, precipitated silicas and silica gels, silicates such as talc, pyrophyllite, kaolin, mica, muscovite, phlogopite, vermiculite, wollastonite and Perlite, aluminum oxides and titanium dioxide.
- Particularly preferred materials for the particles are ZrÜ2, Al2O3, T1O2 and S1O2 or mixtures thereof.
- the mean size of the dispersed particles is 5 nm to 500 ⁇ m, in particular 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m (measured by analytical ultracentrifuge or dynamic light scattering).
- a sublimable and / or pyrolyzable filler may be suspended in the gel-forming liquid.
- the filler is z. B. among wood flour, cork flour, nutshell flour, cornmeal, cellulose powder and / or carbon black selected.
- the use of fillers offers the advantage that the porosity can be made variable.
- the amount of filler is z. B. up to 30 wt .-%, in particular 0.5 to 10 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the gel-forming liquid, the particles and the filler.
- the gel cores are coated with a composition containing a sinterable material and a binder.
- the coating of sinterable material and binder can be applied to the cores in various ways. For example, mixing the sinterable material with the binder in the form of a suspension and covers the cores with this suspension, for example in a mixer, fluidized bed reactor or granulation.
- the cores are expediently introduced into a fluidized-bed reactor.
- the dispersion of the sinterable material in the solution or dispersion of the binder is introduced into the fluidized bed.
- the temperature of the fluidizing gas is z. B. between 70 and 120 ° C.
- Layer application and drying are generally completed in a period of 5 to 60 minutes.
- the cores can first be uniformly sprayed with the liquid binder and then the sinterable material powdered and, if the desired layer thickness is not reached in a single operation repeat this operation until the desired coating thickness was obtained.
- the coated cores are then dried.
- Suitable sinterable material are metal powders and ceramic powders. It is also conceivable to mix the metal or ceramic powders.
- the sinterable ceramics may include, for example, nitride, oxide and silicate ceramics and carbides.
- sinterable ceramic powders are oxide ceramic powders such as Al 2 O 3, ZrC "2, Y 2 O 3, as well as non-oxide ceramic powders such as SiC or S13N4.
- the sinterable material is a metal powder.
- metals which are in powder form are aluminum, iron, in particular iron carbonyl powder, cobalt, copper, nickel, silicon, titanium and tungsten.
- powdered metal alloys for example, high or low alloyed steels and Metallle- alloys based on aluminum, iron, titanium, copper, nickel, cobalt or tungsten, such. As bronze, to call. Both powder of already finished alloys and the powder mixtures of the individual alloy components can be used.
- the metal powder, metal alloy powder and Carbonylmetallpulver can also be used in a mixture.
- Carbonyl iron powder is an iron powder produced by thermal decomposition of iron carbonyl compounds. To maintain fluidity and to prevent agglomeration, e.g. be coated with S1O2.
- the corrosion inhibitor used may preferably be iron phosphide powder.
- the binder is generally present as a solution or dispersion, preferably in an aqueous medium.
- a variety of polymers can be used.
- polymers or copolymers from the group of vinyl ester polymers such as polyvinyl acetate, copolymers of vinyl acetate / ethylene, vinyl acetate / ethylene / vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate / acrylic ester, vinyl acetate / maleic di-n-butyl ester, vinyl acetate / vinyl laurate, vinyl acetate acrylate ; partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol; polybutyral; Polyamides, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone; Polyacrylates, copolymer of styrene / acrylate; Celluloseester; Phenolic resins, amino resins such as urea resins or melamine resins; and epoxy resins used. Simple tests can be used to determine which binder, taking into
- the individual cores coated in this way can be subjected to heat treatment as such or cohesively bonded coated cores before the heat treatment in order to obtain shaped bodies.
- the cores can z. B. are glued together.
- the bonding can z. Example, by moistening the coated cores with a solvent that dissolves the binder, and then brings the cores together in the desired arrangement.
- it is possible to provide self-supporting sound-insulating structures which also have a certain degree of mechanical strength and, within certain limits, achieve load-bearing properties.
- partitions, door elements or floors of vehicles can be obtained in this form with hollow bodies according to the invention.
- the gel and optionally additionally used sublimable and / or pyrolyzable fillers and the binder are driven out of the cores from the cores.
- the sinterable material is sintered to a closed shell.
- the term "expelling" is intended to include upstream decomposition and / or pyrolysis operations.
- the heat treatment can be carried out in a single or multi-stage process. Taking into account the binder according to type and amount as well as sufficient layer thickness, the dried solid layers have sufficient strength so that the coated cores can be subjected to a pyrolytic decomposition process without the shell losing its shape. During the pyrolysis of the coated foam core, the binder of the solids layer also volatilizes, leaving a self-supporting hollow sphere with a porous shell structure.
- the pyrolysis of the coated foam particles can be carried out in air, inert gas or under reducing conditions, depending on the type of powder used.
- the heating time to a temperature of about 500 ° C is up to 3 hours and depends on the type and composition of the gel used.
- the pyrolytic treatment which serves both to remove the coated gel core and to at least partially remove the organic binder, is followed by a sintering process.
- This sintering process at a temperature of 900 to 1500 ° C is in an oven, for. B. rotary kiln, Krähl- or belt furnace made.
- the atmosphere in the kiln aggregate can be applied to the coating respectively be matched powder material used. It can therefore be used in a vacuum, under oxidizing or reducing conditions and under inert gas. It is possible to prevent the sintering of the individual hollow bodies either by movement or by an outer coating with inert powder, if this does not undergo any chemical or physical reactions with the hollow body material at the temperature used.
- inert powders can be easily removed mechanically or chemically from the hollow bodies after the sintering process. They can also act as a supporting shell for the actual hollow sphere during the pyrolysis and sintering process in particular when the wall thickness of the hollow body is very thin or the actual hollow body powder layer does not have sufficient green strength after pyrolysis.
- the hollow body material for example carbon, aluminum hydroxide or chalk are suitable as inert powders.
- hollow bodies can be deformed after the heat treatment, if, for example, a solid combination of structural elements to a sound-absorbing lightweight component is desired.
- the hollow bodies can form a sound-absorbing structure in the form of a loose bed.
- hollow bodies produced according to the invention can also be cast within a matrix, which is possible, for example, with a suitable hardenable plastic, such as an epoxy resin, or a relatively low-melting metal.
- Fig. 1 shows an apparatus suitable for the production of the cores used according to the invention.
- a crosslinking bath (B) is overcoated with a liquid phase (A) which is immiscible neither with the crosslinking bath nor with the gel-forming liquid (C).
- the liquid phase (A) is stirred by means of a motor-driven stirrer (motor).
- pump pump
- gel-forming liquid (C) is dripped into the liquid phase (A) and drops of the gel-forming liquid sink from the liquid phase (A) into the crosslinking bath (B).
- Example 1 In a stand cylinder, a 1 wt .-% aqueous CaC solution was filled to a filling height of 20 cm and covered with 15 cm of toluene. A dispersion of 100 g of alumina powder in a solution of 1 g of sodium alginate in 100 ml of water was dropped into the prepared crosslinking bath via a 1.8 mm die at a dripping rate of about 1 drop per second. When the addition was complete, the spheres formed were removed. The wet spheres had a diameter of 3.5 to 4.0 mm. The balls were dried at 60 ° C under vacuum in an oven. The dried balls had a diameter of 2.8 to 3.4 mm. The balls produced in this way can, for. B.
- the produced green spheres can then be subjected to a heat treatment under a protective gas atmosphere with a maximum sintering temperature of 1 120 ° C.
- the organic components are expelled and the spherical shells are consolidated by sintering.
- the aluminum oxide particles are freely movable in the dense spherical shell.
- Example 1 was repeated except that 10 g of wood flour were also dispersed in the gel-forming liquid.
- the wet spheres had a diameter of 3.2 to 3.6 mm.
- the dried spheres had a diameter of 2.9 to 3.1 mm.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11700364A EP2526074A2 (de) | 2010-01-19 | 2011-01-19 | Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlkörpern mit eingeschlossenen frei beweglichen partikeln |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US29606710P | 2010-01-19 | 2010-01-19 | |
EP10151107 | 2010-01-19 | ||
PCT/EP2011/050638 WO2011089130A2 (de) | 2010-01-19 | 2011-01-19 | Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlkörpern mit eingeschlossenen frei beweglichen partikeln |
EP11700364A EP2526074A2 (de) | 2010-01-19 | 2011-01-19 | Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlkörpern mit eingeschlossenen frei beweglichen partikeln |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2526074A2 true EP2526074A2 (de) | 2012-11-28 |
Family
ID=44168055
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11700364A Withdrawn EP2526074A2 (de) | 2010-01-19 | 2011-01-19 | Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlkörpern mit eingeschlossenen frei beweglichen partikeln |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9181136B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2526074A2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN102712539B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011089130A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102895809B (zh) * | 2011-07-29 | 2015-08-19 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | 一种陶瓷过滤装置及其制备方法 |
DE102015221853B4 (de) * | 2015-11-06 | 2019-05-16 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kohlenstoffhaltigen keramischen Bauteilen |
DE102015120866A1 (de) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-01 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zur Herstellung von feuerfesten Kompositpartikeln und von Speiserelementen für die Gießereiindustrie, entsprechende Speiserelemente und Verwendungen |
WO2017165620A1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-09-28 | Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. | Use of gel beads to control droplet dispersion |
DE102017111849A1 (de) | 2017-05-30 | 2018-12-06 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isoliermaterial oder eines isolierenden Produkts für die Feuerfestindustrie, entsprechende Isoliermaterialien und Produkte sowie Verwendungen |
DE102017111836A1 (de) * | 2017-05-30 | 2018-12-06 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kompositpartikeln und von Isoliermaterial zur Herstellung von isolierenden Produkten für die Baustoffindustrie sowie entsprechende Verwendungen |
CN114524617B (zh) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-11-28 | 郑州圣莱特空心微珠新材料有限公司 | 一种碳化硅改性的高导热、低介电中空玻璃微珠及其制备方法 |
CN115228470A (zh) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-10-25 | 重庆工商大学 | 一种超疏水超亲油羰基铁负载纳米二氧化钛光催化剂的制备方法 |
CN115215679B (zh) * | 2022-07-29 | 2023-10-03 | 山东睿瑶环保科技有限公司 | 碳化硅空心球的制备方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4670303A (en) * | 1983-12-19 | 1987-06-02 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Coating method for preparing composite material |
US7297405B2 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2007-11-20 | Nihon University | Magnetic particles having core-shell structure |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2342948B2 (de) | 1973-08-25 | 1976-10-28 | Paul Rauschert KG, 8644 Pressig | Verfahren zur herstellung von keramikmaterialhohlkoerpern und deren verwendung |
DE3724156A1 (de) | 1987-07-22 | 1989-02-02 | Norddeutsche Affinerie | Verfahren zum herstellen von metallischen oder keramischen hohlkugeln |
CN1225080A (zh) * | 1996-05-17 | 1999-08-04 | Basf公司 | 烧结泡沫的稳定化和开孔烧结泡沫制件的制造 |
DE29613310U1 (de) | 1996-08-01 | 1997-12-04 | Icopal-Siplast GmbH, 59368 Werne | Bitumenbahn |
JP2001240479A (ja) * | 2000-02-28 | 2001-09-04 | Rivall:Kk | 軽量微小中空体 |
DE10164110A1 (de) * | 2001-12-24 | 2003-07-10 | Dragoco Gerberding Co Ag | Mononuklear gefüllte Mikrokapseln |
DK1329438T3 (da) | 2002-01-14 | 2009-07-27 | Vito | Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af metalliske og keramiske produkter |
EP1359131A1 (de) * | 2002-04-26 | 2003-11-05 | "VLAAMSE INSTELLING VOOR TECHNOLOGISCH ONDERZOEK", afgekort "V.I.T.O." | Verfahren zur Herstellung von metallischen und keramischen Produkten |
DE102004003507B4 (de) | 2004-01-16 | 2006-02-16 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Schallabsorbierende Struktur |
US8999211B2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2015-04-07 | Basf Se | Method for producing porous structures from synthetic polymers |
EP2254938A1 (de) | 2008-03-10 | 2010-12-01 | Basf Se | Verbundformteil insbesondere für den möbelbau |
WO2009112549A1 (de) | 2008-03-13 | 2009-09-17 | Basf Se | Elastischer partikelschaumstoff auf basis von polyolefin/styrol-polymer-mischungen |
KR20110110281A (ko) | 2008-12-30 | 2011-10-06 | 바스프 에스이 | 폴리올레핀/스티렌 중합체 혼합물 기재의 탄성 입자 발포체 |
DK2384355T3 (da) | 2008-12-30 | 2013-05-13 | Basf Se | Elastisk partikelskumplast på basis af polyolefin/styrenpolymerblandinger |
EP2391668B1 (de) | 2009-02-02 | 2017-05-17 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von polymeren sowie reaktor zur durchführung des verfahrens |
WO2010100101A1 (de) | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-10 | Basf Se | Elastischer partikelschaumstoff auf basis von polyolefin/styrolpolymer-mischungen |
WO2010115919A1 (de) | 2009-04-07 | 2010-10-14 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlkörpern mit eingeschlossenen frei beweglichen partikeln |
-
2011
- 2011-01-19 WO PCT/EP2011/050638 patent/WO2011089130A2/de active Application Filing
- 2011-01-19 CN CN201180006501.5A patent/CN102712539B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-19 US US13/522,835 patent/US9181136B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-19 EP EP11700364A patent/EP2526074A2/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4670303A (en) * | 1983-12-19 | 1987-06-02 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Coating method for preparing composite material |
US7297405B2 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2007-11-20 | Nihon University | Magnetic particles having core-shell structure |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2011089130A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102712539B (zh) | 2014-07-02 |
CN102712539A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
WO2011089130A2 (de) | 2011-07-28 |
US20120295026A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
WO2011089130A3 (de) | 2011-10-13 |
US9181136B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2526074A2 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlkörpern mit eingeschlossenen frei beweglichen partikeln | |
EP0300543B1 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen von metallischen oder keramischen Hohlkugeln | |
US20060162929A1 (en) | Lightweight proppant and method of making same | |
EP2760607B1 (de) | Beschichtungsmassen für anorganische giessformen und kerne und deren verwendung und verfahren zum schlichten | |
EP3383565B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von feuerfesten kompositpartikeln und von speiserelementen für die giessereiindustrie, entsprechende speiserelemente und verwendungen | |
WO2018220022A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von isoliermaterial oder eines isolierenden produkts für die feuerfestindustrie, entsprechende isoliermaterialien und produkte sowie verwendungen | |
EP0254165A2 (de) | Bei hohen Temperaturen beständige Katalysator-Formkörper und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung | |
DE4226211C2 (de) | Pulvergemisch für monolithische, graphithaltige feuerfeste Materialien und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung | |
WO2006079208A1 (en) | Lightweight proppant and method of making same | |
DE3853002T2 (de) | Poröse keramische formen, zusammensetzungen zur herstellung und verfahren zur herstellung. | |
DE102008054596B4 (de) | Offenzellige Keramik- und/oder Metallschaumkörper mit rauer umhüllender Oberfläche und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung | |
WO2007003428A1 (de) | PORÖSER β-SIC-HALTIGER KERAMISCHER FORMKÖRPER MIT EINER ALUMINIUMOXIDBESCHICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZU DESSEN HERSTELLUNG | |
DE2322593A1 (de) | Feuerfestes leichtmaterial | |
EP1971562B1 (de) | Herstellungsverfahren von geformte Geopolymere Partikel | |
WO2018220030A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von kompositpartikeln und von isoliermaterial zur herstellung von isolierenden produkten für die baustoffindustrie sowie entsprechende verwendungen | |
DE102012200967A1 (de) | Speiser und formbare Zusammensetzung zu deren Herstellung enthaltend kalzinierte Kieselgur | |
WO2010115919A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlkörpern mit eingeschlossenen frei beweglichen partikeln | |
DE19605149C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung poröser keramischer Formkörper, danach hergestellte Formkörper aus Titandioxid sowie deren Verwendungen | |
DE2837900B2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von SiIiciumcarbidformkörpern | |
DE4428465B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung polymerkeramischer Verbundwerkstoffe und danach hergestellte polymerkeramische Verbundwerkstoffe | |
CN113979723B (zh) | 多功能远红外调湿建材的制作方法 | |
DE102012004708A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines offenporigen keramischen Formkörpers | |
DE102005030518A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mullit | |
WO2002081397A2 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von mullit und mullitbauteil | |
DE3440346A1 (de) | Werkstoff aus in gegenwart von kohlenstoff reaktionsgebundenen, elementares silicium enthaltenden partikeln und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20120820 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20160509 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20161111 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20170322 |