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EP2481065A1 - Stepping switch comprising vacuum switching tubes - Google Patents

Stepping switch comprising vacuum switching tubes

Info

Publication number
EP2481065A1
EP2481065A1 EP10724318A EP10724318A EP2481065A1 EP 2481065 A1 EP2481065 A1 EP 2481065A1 EP 10724318 A EP10724318 A EP 10724318A EP 10724318 A EP10724318 A EP 10724318A EP 2481065 A1 EP2481065 A1 EP 2481065A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cam
tap changer
changer according
cams
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10724318A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2481065B1 (en
Inventor
Silke Wrede
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP2481065A1 publication Critical patent/EP2481065A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2481065B1 publication Critical patent/EP2481065B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tap changer with vacuum interrupters according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • Tap changers have been used worldwide for many years to continuously switch between different winding taps of high-speed tap-changers.
  • Such tap changer usually consist of a selector for powerless selection of the respective winding tap of the tapped transformer, to be switched to, and a
  • the diverter switch for actual switching from the wired to the new, preselected winding tap.
  • the sudden changeover is usually carried out with the aid of a force accumulator, when its triggering a switching shaft is rotated quickly.
  • the diverter switch also usually has switching contacts and resistor contacts. The switching contacts serve for direct connection of the respective winding tap with the load dissipation, the
  • Resistor contacts for short-time wiring d. H. Bridging by means of one or more switching resistors.
  • Vacuum interrupter acts.
  • the cam is realized here in the form of a horizontally deviating from the circular contour circumferential groove, engages the form-fitting the respective role.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a tap changer with vacuum interrupters of the type mentioned above, in which the one or more cams occupy little space within the diverter switch despite a large number of switching contacts to be actuated.
  • the general inventive idea is that one or more cams are provided which have both on the top or bottom, as well as on the front side profiled circumferential contours, for example in the form of cams, so that both by the profiled circumferential contour of Front side, as well as the top or bottom electrical contacts, such as vacuum interrupters, are actuated.
  • a plurality of areas of the surface of one or more cams are provided for actuating various electrical contacts with different switching sequences.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a part of a tap changer according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a plan view of a part of a tap changer according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of a tap changer according to the invention
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a cam 1 with a plurality of cams 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 in their interaction control the temporal switching sequence of a contact system for switching a tap changer and are suitable for the operation of multiple vacuum interrupters.
  • cams 2.3 and 2.4 On the upper side of the cam 1, two further cams 2.3 and 2.4, also with rotating cams, are mounted, which correspond with rollers 12 and 15 secured to rocker arms 8 and 11 with vacuum interrupters 4 and 7 respectively. It would also be technically feasible to install the cams 2.3 and 2.4 on the underside of the cam 1.
  • the provided on the cams 2.3 and 2.4 height profiling on the type of circumferential cam consists of substantially concentric to each other arranged webs.
  • the height profile of the cam 2.4 in comparison to that of the cam 2.3 is somewhat adoptedender, so that in the case of rotation of the cam 1 none of each of the height profile of the corresponding control cam 2.3 and 2.4 cross roller 12 and 15 collides with the height profile of the other control cam , In this way, more than the two control cams 2.3 and 2.4 shown in Figure 1 can be provided on the top or bottom of the cam 1.
  • cam 1 thus both on the top or bottom, as well as on the front side profiled circumferential contours, for example in the form of cams, provided so that both by the profiled circumferential contour of the front side, as well as the top or Underside various electrical contacts, for example in the form of vacuum interrupters, are actuated.
  • the contours on the front side, as well as the upper or lower side can also be referred to as cam tracks.
  • the angle of attack of the respective cam can be selected within wide limits and ranges from a very acute to an approximately right angle. It is also possible to form the individual cams with a flowing transition, in the manner of waves. Centered inside the essentially rotationally symmetric
  • Cam 1 is a through hole 3 is mounted, is guided by a shift shaft, not shown, which is fixedly connected to the cam 1 and by means of which the cam 1 can be set in rotation.
  • a single cam 1 is shown in FIG. 1, which permits the space-saving actuation of a plurality of vacuum interrupters 4 to 7 via a multiplicity of control cams 2.1 to 2.4 provided on it.
  • Cams could then in turn both on the top or bottom, as well as the front contoured contours, for example in the form of cam tracks are arranged, as described in Figure 1 and shown in more detail, and thus, if necessary, in a simple manner an even greater number be actuated by vacuum interrupters.
  • Figure 2 shows the top view of a part of a tap changer according to the invention
  • Vacuum interrupters The vacuum interrupters 4, 5, 6 and 7 are positioned in such a way to the cam disc 1 that they are as compact as possible by means of the rocker arms 8, 9, 10 and 11 and with these cooperating rollers 12, 13, 14 and 15 are actuated.
  • the rollers 12 and 15 engage in the case of rotation of the cam 1, the surface topologies of the rotating cams of the respective cams 2.3 and 2.4 from and actuate depending on the surface profile passed through the corresponding corresponding vacuum interrupter 4 and 7. Accordingly, then in parallel to the rollers 13th and 14 on the two front-side cams 2.1 and 2.2 deviating from the circular contours on the type of cam and actuate the respective
  • the cam disk 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designed in one piece and moreover preferably consists of electrically insulating materials. Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable to construct the cam 1 in several parts, for example such that each cam 2.1 to 2.4 is a separately manufactured component, which is first mounted to a cam 1 following the manufacturing process, or the separately manufactured components on the selector shaft, not shown individually plugged.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a stepping switch comprising vacuum switching tubes. The general inventive concept consists in providing one or more cam disks which have profiled circumferential contours both on the upper or lower face as well as on the lateral face, said contours being in the shape of cams for example, so that the vacuum switching tubes can be actuated by both the profiled circumferential contour of the lateral face as well as by the contour of the upper or lower face.

Description

Stufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren  Step switch with vacuum interrupters
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Stufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des ersten Patentanspruches. The invention relates to a tap changer with vacuum interrupters according to the preamble of the first claim.
Stufenschalter sind seit vielen Jahren zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung zwischen verschiedenen Wicklungsanzapfungen von Stufentransformatoren in großer Anzahl weltweit im Einsatz. Solche Stufenschalter bestehen üblicherweise aus einem Wähler zur leistungslosen Anwahl der jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfung des Stufentransformators, auf die umgeschaltet werden soll, und einem Tap changers have been used worldwide for many years to continuously switch between different winding taps of high-speed tap-changers. Such tap changer usually consist of a selector for powerless selection of the respective winding tap of the tapped transformer, to be switched to, and a
Lastumschalter zur eigentlichen Umschaltung von der beschalteten auf die neue, vorgewählte Wicklungsanzapfung. Die sprungartige Umschaltung erfolgt in der Regel unter Zuhilfenahme eines Kraftspeichers, bei dessen Auslösung eine Schaltwelle schnell gedreht wird. Der Lastumschalter weist zudem üblicherweise Schaltkontakte und Widerstandskontakte auf. Die Schaltkontakte dienen dabei zur direkten Verbindung der jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfung mit der Lastableitung, die Diverter switch for actual switching from the wired to the new, preselected winding tap. The sudden changeover is usually carried out with the aid of a force accumulator, when its triggering a switching shaft is rotated quickly. The diverter switch also usually has switching contacts and resistor contacts. The switching contacts serve for direct connection of the respective winding tap with the load dissipation, the
Widerstandskontakte zur kurzzeitigen Beschaltung, d. h. Überbrückung mittels eines oder mehrerer Überschaltwiderstände. Resistor contacts for short-time wiring, d. H. Bridging by means of one or more switching resistors.
Ein solcher Lastumschalter eines Stufenschalters, der Vakuumschaltröhren zur unterbrechungslosen Umschaltung verwendet, ist aus der DE 195 10 809 C1 bekannt. Dabei sind für jedes zu betätigende Schaltelement und jede Bewegungsrichtung der Antriebswelle jeweils Kurvenscheiben vorgesehen. Die jeweiligen Stirnseiten der einzelnen Kurvenscheiben weisen eine definierte, von der Kreisform abweichende Kontur auf, mittels der bei Drehung der Schaltwelle einzelne Vakuumschaltröhren oder auch mechanische Kontakte betätigt werden. Such a diverter switch a tap changer, the vacuum interrupters used for uninterrupted switching is known from DE 195 10 809 C1. In each case, cam disks are provided for each switching element to be actuated and each direction of movement of the drive shaft. The respective end faces of the individual cam disks have a defined contour deviating from the circular shape, by means of which individual vacuum interrupters or even mechanical contacts are actuated upon rotation of the control shaft.
In der DE 42 31 353 A1 erfolgt die Betätigung der einzelnen Vakuumschaltröhren durch eine in beiden Richtungen drehbare Schaltwelle, die nach Auslösung eines Kraftspeichers schnell gedreht wird. Dabei ist zur Betätigung der Vakuumschaltröhren auf der Schaltwelle eine Kurvenscheibe fest angeordnet, die an ihrer Stirnseite für jede Vakuumschaltröhre eine Steuerkurve aufweist, in der formschlüssig eine Rolle zwangsgeführt ist, die auf den Betätigungshebel der zugeordneten In DE 42 31 353 A1, the actuation of the individual vacuum interrupters is effected by a rotatable in both directions switching shaft which is rotated quickly after triggering an energy accumulator. In this case, a cam is fixedly arranged to actuate the vacuum interrupters on the switching shaft, which has on its front side for each vacuum interrupter a control cam in which a positively locked roller is a role on the operating lever of the associated
Vakuumschaltröhre einwirkt. Die Steuerkurve wird hier in Form einer horizontal von der Kreiskontur abweichenden umlaufenden Nut realisiert, in die formschlüssig die jeweilige Rolle eingreift. Vacuum interrupter acts. The cam is realized here in the form of a horizontally deviating from the circular contour circumferential groove, engages the form-fitting the respective role.
Des Weiteren ist aus der DE 40 11 019 C1 ein nach dem Reaktorprinzip arbeitender Lastumschalter bekannt, bei dem die Kurvenscheibe zur Betätigung der Kontakte nicht an der umlaufenden Stirnseite eine von der Kreisform abweichende Kontur aufweist, sondern auf deren Ober- und Unterseite geometrisch unterschiedlich gestaltete Nuten besitzt. Es ist bei dieser bekannten Lösung eine doppelseitige Betätigung verschiedener Schaltelemente mit unterschiedlicher Schaltsequenz möglich. Nachteilig an diesen bekannten Lösungen ist der hohe Platzbedarf der Vielzahl von Kurvenscheiben, da jeweils eine separate Kurvenscheibe zur Betätigung jeder einzelnen Vakuumschaltröhre benötigt wird. Besonders relevant wird dieses Problem, wenn zur Realisierung der Schaltsequenz eine größere Anzahl von Vakuumschaltröhren pro Phase in dem Lastumschalter verbaut sind. Oftmals reicht dann bei den bekannten Lösungen der zur Verfügung stehende Bauraum innerhalb des Lastumschalters nicht mehr aus und es müssen konstruktiv nachteilige Kompromisslösungen eingegangen werden. Furthermore, from DE 40 11 019 C1 a working according to the reactor principle diverter switch is known in which the cam for actuating the contacts not on the peripheral end face has a different contour from the circular shape, but on the top and bottom geometrically differently shaped grooves has. It is possible in this known solution, a double-sided operation of various switching elements with different switching sequence. A disadvantage of these known solutions is the high space requirement of the plurality of cams, since in each case a separate cam for actuating each vacuum interrupter is required. This problem becomes particularly relevant if a larger number of vacuum interrupters per phase are installed in the diverter switch in order to realize the switching sequence. Often, then in the known solutions of the available space within the diverter switch no longer sufficient and it must be received constructive disadvantageous compromise solutions.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es demnach, einen Stufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren der eingangs genannten Art bereit zu stellen, bei dem die eine oder mehrere Kurvenscheiben trotz einer Vielzahl von zu betätigenden Schaltkontakten nur wenig Bauraum innerhalb des Lastumschalters einnehmen. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a tap changer with vacuum interrupters of the type mentioned above, in which the one or more cams occupy little space within the diverter switch despite a large number of switching contacts to be actuated.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch einen Stufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren mit den Merkmalen des ersten Patenanspruches gelöst. Die Unteransprüche betreffen besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung. This object is achieved by a tap changer with vacuum interrupters with the features of the first patent claim. The subclaims relate to particularly preferred embodiments of the invention.
Die allgemeine erfinderische Idee besteht darin, dass eine oder mehrere Kurvenscheiben vorgesehen sind, die sowohl auf der Ober- oder Unterseite, als auch auf der Stirnseite profilierte umlaufende Konturen, beispielsweise in Form von Nocken, aufweisen, so dass sowohl durch die profilierte umlaufende Kontur der Stirnseite, wie auch die der Ober- oder Unterseite elektrische Kontakte, beispielsweise Vakuumschaltröhren, betätigbar sind. Erfindungsgemäß sind also mehrere Bereiche der Oberfläche einer oder mehrerer Kurvenscheiben zur Betätigung verschiedener elektrischer Kontakte mit unterschiedlichen Schaltsequenzen vorgesehen. The general inventive idea is that one or more cams are provided which have both on the top or bottom, as well as on the front side profiled circumferential contours, for example in the form of cams, so that both by the profiled circumferential contour of Front side, as well as the top or bottom electrical contacts, such as vacuum interrupters, are actuated. According to the invention, therefore, a plurality of areas of the surface of one or more cams are provided for actuating various electrical contacts with different switching sequences.
Durch die erfinderische Lösung ist es nun erstmals möglich, eine Vielzahl von Vakuumschaltröhren bei nur geringem zur Verfügung stehenden Bauraum zu betätigen, indem die einzelnen, z.B. mittels eines Kipphebels mit den Vakuumschaltröhren zusammenwirkenden, Rollen mit der jeweils korrespondierenden Steuerkurve der Kurvenscheibe nicht mehr nur an der Ober- oder Unterseite der entsprechenden Kurvenscheibe oder alternativ an deren Stirnseite in Eingriff gebracht werden, sondern mit einer Kombination aus beiden Seiten oder auch allen drei Seiten, also einer Kombination aus Ober-, Unter- und Stirnseite. Dies führt zu einer sehr kompakten Gesamtbauweise der With the inventive solution, it is now possible for the first time to actuate a plurality of vacuum interrupters with only a small amount of available installation space, in that the individual, e.g. By means of a rocker arm cooperating with the vacuum interrupters, rollers with the respective corresponding control curve of the cam are no longer brought into engagement only on the top or bottom of the corresponding cam or alternatively on the front side, but with a combination of both sides or all three sides , ie a combination of upper, lower and front side. This leads to a very compact overall construction of the
Kurvenscheibe, zu einer Verringerung der notwendigen Bauteile und eben damit zu einer Cam, to a reduction of the necessary components and thus to a
Platzersparnis innerhalb des Lastumschalters. Space savings within the diverter switch.
Die Erfindung soll nachstehend an Hand von Zeichnungen beispielhaft noch näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to drawings. Show it
Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Teiles eines erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters Figur 2 eine Draufsicht eines Teiles eines erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters mit Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a part of a tap changer according to the invention Figure 2 shows a plan view of a part of a tap changer according to the invention
Vakuumschaltröhren  Vacuum interrupters
Figur 3 eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters mit  Figure 3 shows a preferred embodiment of a tap changer according to the invention
Vakuumschaltröhren.  Vacuum interrupters.
Aus Übersichtlichkeitsgründen sind nachstehend in Figur 1 nur die erfindungswesentlichen Teile eines erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters mit Vakuumschaltröhren gezeigt und beschrieben. Auf die Beschreibung und Darstellung an sich bekannter Merkmale und für das Wesen der Erfindung nicht relevanter Bauteile wurde verzichtet. Dem entsprechend zeigt Figur 1 eine Ausführungsform einer Kurvenscheibe 1 mit mehreren Steuerkurven 2.1 , 2.2, 2.3 und 2.4 die in ihrem Zusammenwirken den zeitlichen Schaltablauf eines Kontaktsystems zur Umschaltung eines Stufenschalters steuern und für die Betätigung von mehreren Vakuumschaltröhren geeignet sind. Die stirnseitig an der Kurvenscheibe 1 angeordneten beiden Steuerkurven 2.1 und 2.2 weisen dabei eine von der Kreisform abweichende Kontur nach Art von Nocken auf, an der kontaktschlüssig jeweils eine über Kipphebel 9 und 10 mit einer in dieser Darstellung nicht erkennbaren Vakuumschaltröhre verbundene Rolle 13 und 14 geführt wird, die die profilierte Kontur der jeweiligen Steuerkurve 2.1 und 2.2 abgreift. Da die hier verwendeten Rollen 13 und 14 dazu dienen, die Oberflächentopologie der von der Kreisform abweichenden Kontur abzugreifen, können sie auch durch andere gleichwirkende Gleitelemente, beispielsweise Federstifte, ersetzt werden. Zudem wird die Breite der Stirnseite der Kurvenscheibe 1 dazu genutzt, um dort mehrere als nur eine Steuerkurve vorzusehen. Jedoch wäre es selbstverständlich auch möglich, sich auf nur eine Steuerkurve an der Stirnseite zu beschränken. For clarity, only the invention essential parts of a tap changer according to the invention are shown and described in Figure 1 below with vacuum interrupters. On the description and presentation of per se known features and for the essence of the invention not relevant components has been omitted. Accordingly, Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a cam 1 with a plurality of cams 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 in their interaction control the temporal switching sequence of a contact system for switching a tap changer and are suitable for the operation of multiple vacuum interrupters. The front side of the cam 1 arranged two cams 2.1 and 2.2 in this case have a deviating from the circular contour on the type of cam on the contact one each via rocker arm 9 and 10 connected to a not visible in this illustration vacuum interrupter roller 13 and 14 out is, which picks up the profiled contour of the respective cam 2.1 and 2.2. Since the rollers 13 and 14 used here serve to tap the surface topology deviating from the circular contour, they can also be replaced by other similarly acting sliding elements, such as spring pins. In addition, the width of the end face of the cam 1 is used to provide more than one control cam there. However, it would of course also be possible to limit yourself to only one control cam on the front page.
Die Funktionsweise und Positionierung der Rollen, Kipphebel und Vakuumschaltröhren wird in Figur 2 näher erläutert. Auf der Oberseite der Kurvenscheibe 1 sind zwei weitere Steuerkurven 2.3 und 2.4, ebenfalls mit umlaufenden Nocken, angebracht, die mit entsprechend an Kipphebeln 8 und 11 befestigten Rollen 12 und 15 mit Vakuumschaltröhren 4 und 7 korrespondieren. Auch wäre es ohne Weiteres technisch realisierbar, die Steuerkurven 2.3 und 2.4 auf der Unterseite der Kurvenscheibe 1 anzubringen. Die auf den Steuerkurven 2.3 und 2.4 vorgesehene Höhenprofilierung nach Art von umlaufenden Nocken besteht aus im Wesentlichen konzentrisch zueinander angeordneten Bahnen. Dabei ist das Höhenprofil der Steuerkurve 2.4 im Vergleich zu dem der Steuerkurve 2.3 etwas auftragender, so dass im Falle einer Drehung der Kurvenscheibe 1 keine der jeweils das Höhenprofil der entsprechenden Steuerkurve 2.3 und 2.4 abgreifende Rolle 12 und 15 mit dem Höhenprofil der jeweils anderen Steuerkurve kollidiert. Auf diese Art und Weise können auf der Ober- oder Unterseite der Kurvenscheibe 1 auch mehrere als die in Figur 1 dargestellten zwei Steuerkurven 2.3 und 2.4 vorgesehen werden. The operation and positioning of the rollers, rocker arms and vacuum interrupters is explained in more detail in FIG. On the upper side of the cam 1, two further cams 2.3 and 2.4, also with rotating cams, are mounted, which correspond with rollers 12 and 15 secured to rocker arms 8 and 11 with vacuum interrupters 4 and 7 respectively. It would also be technically feasible to install the cams 2.3 and 2.4 on the underside of the cam 1. The provided on the cams 2.3 and 2.4 height profiling on the type of circumferential cam consists of substantially concentric to each other arranged webs. In this case, the height profile of the cam 2.4 in comparison to that of the cam 2.3 is somewhat auftragender, so that in the case of rotation of the cam 1 none of each of the height profile of the corresponding control cam 2.3 and 2.4 cross roller 12 and 15 collides with the height profile of the other control cam , In this way, more than the two control cams 2.3 and 2.4 shown in Figure 1 can be provided on the top or bottom of the cam 1.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kurvenscheibe 1 sind also sowohl auf der Ober- oder Unterseite, als auch auf der Stirnseite profilierte umlaufende Konturen, beispielsweise in Form von Nocken, vorgesehen, so dass sowohl durch die profilierte umlaufende Kontur der Stirnseite, wie auch der Ober- oder Unterseite verschiedene elektrische Kontakte, beispielsweise in Form von Vakuumschaltröhren, betätigbar sind. Die an der Stirnseite, wie auch der Ober- oder Unterseite umlaufenden Konturen können auch als Nockenbahnen bezeichnet werden. Der Anstellwinkel der jeweiligen Nocken kann in weiten Grenzen gewählt werden und reicht von einem sehr spitzen bis hin zu einem annähernd rechten Winkel. Es ist auch möglich, die einzelnen Nocken mit einem fließenden Übergang, nach Art von Wellen, auszubilden. Mittig im Inneren der im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrischen In the cam 1 according to the invention thus both on the top or bottom, as well as on the front side profiled circumferential contours, for example in the form of cams, provided so that both by the profiled circumferential contour of the front side, as well as the top or Underside various electrical contacts, for example in the form of vacuum interrupters, are actuated. The contours on the front side, as well as the upper or lower side, can also be referred to as cam tracks. The angle of attack of the respective cam can be selected within wide limits and ranges from a very acute to an approximately right angle. It is also possible to form the individual cams with a flowing transition, in the manner of waves. Centered inside the essentially rotationally symmetric
Kurvenscheibe 1 ist ein Durchgangsloch 3 angebracht, durch das eine nicht dargestellte Schaltwelle geführt wird, die mit der Kurvenscheibe 1 fest in Verbindung steht und mittels der die Kurvenscheibe 1 in Drehung versetzt werden kann. Zusammengefasst ist in Figur 1 also eine einzige Kurvenscheibe 1 dargestellt, die über eine Vielzahl von an ihr vorgesehenen Steuerkurven 2.1 bis 2.4 die platzsparende Betätigung von mehreren Vakuumschaltröhren 4 bis 7 ermöglicht. Cam 1 is a through hole 3 is mounted, is guided by a shift shaft, not shown, which is fixedly connected to the cam 1 and by means of which the cam 1 can be set in rotation. In summary, therefore, a single cam 1 is shown in FIG. 1, which permits the space-saving actuation of a plurality of vacuum interrupters 4 to 7 via a multiplicity of control cams 2.1 to 2.4 provided on it.
Auch ist es im Rahmen der Erfindung denkbar, mehrere Kurvenscheiben in Axialrichtung der nicht dargestellten Schaltwelle verschoben, also übereinander, anzuordnen. An jeder einzelnen It is also conceivable within the scope of the invention, a plurality of cams in the axial direction of the shift shaft, not shown, so arranged one above the other, to order. At each one
Kurvenscheibe könnten dann wiederum sowohl an der Ober- oder Unterseite, als auch der Stirnseite profilierte Konturen, beispielsweise in Form von Nockenbahnen, angeordnet werden, wie in Figur 1 beschrieben und näher dargestellt, und damit, wenn erforderlich, auf einfache Weise eine noch größere Anzahl von Vakuumschaltröhren betätigt werden. Cams could then in turn both on the top or bottom, as well as the front contoured contours, for example in the form of cam tracks are arranged, as described in Figure 1 and shown in more detail, and thus, if necessary, in a simple manner an even greater number be actuated by vacuum interrupters.
Figur 2 zeigt die Draufsicht auf einen Teil eines erfindungsgemäßen Stufenschalters mit Figure 2 shows the top view of a part of a tap changer according to the invention
Vakuumschaltröhren. Die Vakuumschaltröhren 4, 5, 6 und 7 sind derart zu der Kurvenscheibe 1 positioniert, dass sie möglichst platzsparend mittels der Kipphebel 8, 9, 10 und 11 und mit diesen zusammenwirkenden Rollen 12, 13, 14 und 15 betätigbar sind. Dabei greifen die Rollen 12 und 15 im Falle einer Drehung der Kurvenscheibe 1 die Oberflächentopologien der umlaufenden Nocken der jeweiligen Steuerkurven 2.3 und 2.4 ab und betätigen je nach durchlaufenem Oberflächenprofil die entsprechend korrespondierende Vakuumschaltröhre 4 bzw. 7. Dem entsprechend greifen dann parallel dazu die Rollen 13 und 14 die an den beiden stirnseitigen Steuerkurven 2.1 und 2.2 von der Kreisform abweichenden Konturen nach Art von Nocken ab und betätigen die jeweils Vacuum interrupters. The vacuum interrupters 4, 5, 6 and 7 are positioned in such a way to the cam disc 1 that they are as compact as possible by means of the rocker arms 8, 9, 10 and 11 and with these cooperating rollers 12, 13, 14 and 15 are actuated. In this case, the rollers 12 and 15 engage in the case of rotation of the cam 1, the surface topologies of the rotating cams of the respective cams 2.3 and 2.4 from and actuate depending on the surface profile passed through the corresponding corresponding vacuum interrupter 4 and 7. Accordingly, then in parallel to the rollers 13th and 14 on the two front-side cams 2.1 and 2.2 deviating from the circular contours on the type of cam and actuate the respective
korrespondierenden Vakuumschaltröhren 5 und 6. corresponding vacuum interrupters 5 and 6.
Die in Figur 1 und 2 dargestellte Kurvenscheibe 1 ist einteilig ausgebildet und besteht zudem besonders bevorzugt aus elektrisch isolierenden Materialien. Alternativ ist es jedoch auch denkbar, die Kurvenscheibe 1 mehrteilig aufzubauen, beispielweise derart, dass jede Kurvenscheibe 2.1 bis 2.4 ein separat gefertigtes Bauteil ist, das im Anschluss des Herstellungsverfahrens erst zu einer Kurvenscheibe 1 montiert, oder die separat gefertigten Bauteile auf die nicht dargestellte Schaltwelle einzeln aufgesteckt werden. The cam disk 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designed in one piece and moreover preferably consists of electrically insulating materials. Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable to construct the cam 1 in several parts, for example such that each cam 2.1 to 2.4 is a separately manufactured component, which is first mounted to a cam 1 following the manufacturing process, or the separately manufactured components on the selector shaft, not shown individually plugged.
Im Unterschied zu den Figuren 1 und 2 sind in Figur 3 die umlaufenden profilierten Konturen zur Betätigung der Vielzahl von Vakuumschaltröhren nicht als von der Kreisform abweichende Nockenbahnen ausgebildet, sondern als auf der Ober- oder Unterseite, als auch der Stirnseite angeordnete umlaufende Nuten 16 und 17, in deren Profil die jeweils korrespondierenden Rollen eingreifen und bei einer Drehung der Kurvenscheibe 1 in diesen zwangsgeführt werden. Es sind also auch in Figur 3 wie nach der allgemeinen erfinderischen Idee mehrere Bereiche der Oberfläche einer oder mehrerer Kurvenscheiben zur Betätigung verschiedener elektrischer Kontakte, wie In contrast to FIGS. 1 and 2, in FIG. 3 the circumferential profiled contours for actuating the multiplicity of vacuum interrupters are not deviating from the circular shape Cam tracks formed, but as on the top or bottom, as well as the front side arranged circumferential grooves 16 and 17, in the profile of the respective corresponding rollers engage and forcibly guided in a rotation of the cam 1 in this. Thus, in FIG. 3, as in the general inventive idea, several areas of the surface of one or more cams for actuating various electrical contacts, such as
beispielsweise in dieser Figur 3 nicht weiter dargestellter Vakuumschaltröhren, mit unterschiedlichen Schaltsequenzen vorgesehen. For example, in this figure 3 not shown vacuum interrupters, provided with different switching sequences.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Kurvenscheibe1 cam
2.1 Steuerkurve2.1 control curve
2.2 Steuerkurve2.2 control curve
2.3 Steuerkurve2.3 control curve
2.4 Steuerkurve2.4 control curve
3 Durchgangsloch3 through hole
4 Vakuumschaltröhre4 vacuum interrupter
5 Vakuumschaltröhre5 vacuum interrupter
6 Vakuumschaltröhre6 vacuum interrupter
7 Vakuumschaltröhre7 vacuum interrupter
8 Kipphebel8 rocker arms
9 Kipphebel9 rocker arms
10 Kipphebel10 rocker arms
1 1 Kipphebel1 1 rocker arm
12 Rolle 12 roll
13 Rolle  13 roll
14 Rolle  14 roll
15 Rolle  15 roll

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Stufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren, 1. Tap-changer with vacuum interrupters,
bestehend aus einem Wähler zur leistungslosen Anwahl der jeweiligen Wicklungsanzapfung des Stufentransformators, auf die umgeschaltet werden soll, consisting of a selector for powerless selection of the respective winding tapping of the tapped transformer to be switched to
und einem Lastumschalter zur eigentlichen Umschaltung von der beschalteten auf die neue, vorgewählte Wicklungsanzapfung, and a diverter switch for actually switching from the wired to the new, preselected winding tap,
wobei der Lastumschalter eine drehbare Schaltwelle aufweist, die mindestens eine Kurvenscheibe trägt wherein the diverter switch has a rotatable switching shaft which carries at least one cam
und wobei die Vakuumschaltröhren durch Betätigungselemente betätigbar sind, die wiederum mit mindestens einer Kontur auf der mindestens einen Kurvenscheibe korrespondieren, and wherein the vacuum interrupters are operable by actuators which in turn correspond to at least one contour on the at least one cam,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die wenigstens eine Kurvenscheibe (1 ) an ihrer Stirnseite und zusätzlich mindestens an einem weiteren Bereich ihrer Oberfläche voneinander getrennte Steuerkurven (2.1 ... 2.4) aufweist, derart, dass mittels der Steuerkurven (2.1 ... 2.4) verschiedene Vakuumschaltröhren mit unterschiedlichen Schaltsequenzen betätigbar sind. that the at least one cam (1) on its front side and additionally at least at a further area of its surface separate control cams (2.1 ... 2.4), such that by means of the control cams (2.1 ... 2.4) different vacuum interrupters with different switching sequences are operable.
2. Stufenschalter nach Anspruch 1 , 2. tap changer according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass an der Stirnseite und der Ober- oder Unterseite der wenigstens einen Kurvenscheibe (1 ) jeweils mindestens eine Steuerkurve (2.1 ... 2.4) vorgesehen ist. that at least one control cam (2.1 ... 2.4) is provided on the front side and the top or bottom of the at least one cam (1).
3. Stufenschalter nach Anspruch 1 , 3. tap changer according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass an der Stirnseite, der Ober- und Unterseite der wenigstens einen Kurvenscheibe (1 ) jeweils mindestens eine Steuerkurve (2.1 ... 2.4) vorgesehen ist. that at least one control cam (2.1 ... 2.4) is provided on the front side, the top and bottom of the at least one cam (1).
4. Stufenschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, 4. Tap changer according to one of claims 1 to 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die mehreren Steuerkurven (2.1 ... 2.4) der wenigstens einen Kurvenscheibe (1 ) aus profilierten umlaufenden Konturen gebildet werden. the plurality of control cams (2.1 ... 2.4) of the at least one cam disc (1) are formed from profiled circumferential contours.
5. Stufenschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, 5. Tap changer according to one of claims 1 to 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die mehreren Steuerkurven (2.1 ... 2.4) der wenigstens einen Kurvenscheibe (1 ) als umlaufende Nockenbahnen ausgebildet sind. the multiple control cams (2.1 ... 2.4) of the at least one cam disc (1) are designed as revolving cam tracks.
6. Stufenschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, 6. tap changer according to one of claims 1 to 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die profilierten umlaufenden Konturen oder die Nockenbahnen der jeweiligen Steuerkurve (2.1 ... 2.4) von mit der entsprechenden Vakuumschaltröhre korrespondierenden Gleitelementen, insbesondere Rollen (12 ... 15), abgegriffen werden, derart, dass die entsprechenden that the profiled circumferential contours or the cam tracks of the respective control cam (2.1 ... 2.4) of corresponding with the corresponding vacuum interrupter sliding elements, in particular rollers (12 ... 15), are tapped, such that the corresponding
Vakuumschaltröhren dadurch betätigbar sind. Vacuum interrupters are actuated thereby.
7. Stufenschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, 7. tap changer according to one of claims 1 to 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die mehreren Steuerkurven (2.1 ... 2.4) der wenigstens einen Kurvenscheibe (1 ) als Nuten (16, 17) ausgebildet sind. the plurality of control cams (2.1 ... 2.4) of the at least one cam disc (1) are formed as grooves (16, 17).
8. Stufenschalter nach Anspruch 7, 8. tap changer according to claim 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass in den Nuten (16, 17) der jeweiligen Steuerkurve (2.1 ... 2.4) mit der entsprechenden that in the grooves (16, 17) of the respective control cam (2.1 ... 2.4) with the corresponding
Vakuumschaltröhre korrespondierende Gleitelemente, insbesondere Rollen (12 ... 15), zwangsgeführt werden, derart, dass die entsprechenden Vakuumschaltröhren dadurch betätigbar sind. Vacuum switch tube corresponding sliding elements, in particular rollers (12 ... 15), forcibly guided, such that the corresponding vacuum interrupters are actuated thereby.
9. Stufenschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, 9. Tap changer according to one of claims 1 to 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Kurvenscheibe (1) aus mehreren einzelnen Steuerkurven (2.1 ... 2.4) gebildet wird, die als jeweils separates Bauteil auf der gemeinsamen Schaltwelle angeordnet sind. in that the cam disc (1) is formed from a plurality of individual control cams (2.1 ... 2.4), which are arranged as a respective separate component on the common control shaft.
10. Stufenschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, 10. Tap changer according to one of claims 1 to 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die mehreren Steuerkurven (2.1 ... 2.4) auf einer einzigen, als bauliche Einheit ausgebildeten, Kurvenscheibe (1) angeordnet sind. the plurality of control cams (2.1 ... 2.4) are arranged on a single cam disk (1) designed as a structural unit.
11. Stufenschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, 11. Tap changer according to one of claims 1 to 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass mehrere als bauliche Einheit ausgebildete Kurvenscheiben (1 ) auf der gemeinsamen Schaltwelle angeordnet sind. in that a plurality of cams (1) constructed as a structural unit are arranged on the common control shaft.
EP10724318.0A 2009-09-26 2010-06-12 Tap changer with vacuum switches Active EP2481065B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910043171 DE102009043171B4 (en) 2009-09-26 2009-09-26 Step switch with vacuum interrupters
PCT/EP2010/003554 WO2011035825A1 (en) 2009-09-26 2010-06-12 Stepping switch comprising vacuum switching tubes

Publications (2)

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EP2481065A1 true EP2481065A1 (en) 2012-08-01
EP2481065B1 EP2481065B1 (en) 2014-01-01

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US (1) US9030175B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2481065B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5694333B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101710970B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102549695B (en)
BR (1) BR112012004262B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2775010A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102009043171B4 (en)
HK (1) HK1169740A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2012116776A (en)
UA (1) UA106630C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2011035825A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
UA106630C2 (en) 2014-09-25
DE102009043171A1 (en) 2011-04-07
JP2013506276A (en) 2013-02-21
EP2481065B1 (en) 2014-01-01
WO2011035825A1 (en) 2011-03-31
KR101710970B1 (en) 2017-02-28
BR112012004262A2 (en) 2016-02-16
KR20120089649A (en) 2012-08-13
JP5694333B2 (en) 2015-04-01
CN102549695A (en) 2012-07-04
US20120139510A1 (en) 2012-06-07
CA2775010A1 (en) 2011-03-31
US9030175B2 (en) 2015-05-12
HK1169740A1 (en) 2013-02-01
RU2012116776A (en) 2013-11-10
DE102009043171B4 (en) 2014-11-20
BR112012004262B1 (en) 2019-07-30
CN102549695B (en) 2015-04-15

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