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EP2480378A2 - Cryogenic fluid stream dispensing device with polymer joint having given expansion coefficient - Google Patents

Cryogenic fluid stream dispensing device with polymer joint having given expansion coefficient

Info

Publication number
EP2480378A2
EP2480378A2 EP10773118A EP10773118A EP2480378A2 EP 2480378 A2 EP2480378 A2 EP 2480378A2 EP 10773118 A EP10773118 A EP 10773118A EP 10773118 A EP10773118 A EP 10773118A EP 2480378 A2 EP2480378 A2 EP 2480378A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cryogenic
fluid
tool
cryogenic fluid
seal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10773118A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2480378B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Quintard
Frédéric Richard
Charles Truchot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP2480378A2 publication Critical patent/EP2480378A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2480378B1 publication Critical patent/EP2480378B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0421—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with rotating spray heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
    • B24C3/04—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other stationary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/60—Arrangements for mounting, supporting or holding spraying apparatus
    • B05B15/65—Mounting arrangements for fluid connection of the spraying apparatus or its outlets to flow conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for working by jets of cryogenic fluid under high pressure, in particular surface treatment, pickling or peeling, comprising a rotary joint with a given coefficient of expansion and coefficient of friction.
  • cryogenic jets under very high pressure as proposed for example by US-A-7,310,955 and US-A-7,316,363 to perform surface treatments of coated or uncoated materials, in particular stripping, crushing or the like, or even cuttings, such as metals, concrete, wood, polymers, ceramics and plastics or any other type of material.
  • This type of process is intended to be implemented particularly in environments where there are drastic environmental constraints, such as in nuclear and chemical environments.
  • the jetting or jets of liquid nitrogen at a pressure of 1000 to 4000 bar and at a cryogenic temperature of, for example, between -100 and -200 ° C., typically about -140 and -160 ° C., are distributed by a nozzle-carrying tool. which can be fixed or animated with a rotary or oscillating movement, and which is generally supplied with liquid nitrogen by a cryogenic fluid supply line.
  • the pipe and the tool are given a rotary movement about the axis of the pipe, by means of a rotary drive system with pinions or belts driven by a engine.
  • the dynamic seal of the rotary system is usually provided by a rotating cylindrical seal, typically Tivar®, arranged around the pipe, traversed longitudinally by a bronze piece and surrounded by a solid piece of stainless steel.
  • Tivar® is a very high molecular weight polyethylene.
  • the problem to be solved is therefore to increase the reliability of a cryogenic fluid distribution system, in particular of liquid nitrogen, as described above, by proposing a distribution system with fluid distribution tool with seal rotative improved to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the solution is a device for dispensing at least one cryogenic fluid jet at high pressure comprising:
  • a moving tool comprising one or more fluid distribution nozzles for dispensing one or more jets of cryogenic and high pressure fluid, and
  • a supply line of the moving tool in cryogenic and high pressure fluid comprising a fixed upstream portion and a movable downstream portion connected to the moving tool, said fixed upstream portion and mobile downstream portion being fluidically connected to one another; to the other by means of a rotating system comprising a rotary joint, characterized in that the rotary joint comprises a polymeric material having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 10.10 "6 and 160.10 ⁇ 6 / K.
  • the device of the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the rotary joint comprises a polymer material having a coefficient of thermal expansion of between 20 ⁇ 10 -6 and 130 ⁇ 10 -6 / K.
  • the rotary joint comprises a polymer material having a coefficient of friction of less than 0.50.
  • the seal is cylindrical.
  • the seal is maintained within the rotary system by one or more metal parts.
  • the seal is made of a polymer material chosen from PTFE, PCTFE, PAI and
  • the invention also relates to an installation for dispensing at least one cryogenic fluid jet under high pressure comprising a device according to the invention supplied with cryogenic fluid by a source of cryogenic temperature fluid and comprising a rotating tool equipped with one or more nozzles for dispensing said cryogenic fluid under pressure.
  • the invention also relates to a method for surface treatment, pickling or peeling, a high-pressure cryogenic fluid jet material, in which an installation or a device according to the invention is implemented. invention.
  • the cryogenic fluid dispensed by the nozzle (s) of the tool is at a pressure of at least 500 bar, preferably between 2000 and 4000 bar.
  • the fluid dispensed by the nozzle or nozzles of the tool is at a temperature below -140 ° C, preferably between about -140 and -180 ° C.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a part of a device for dispensing cryogenic and high pressure fluid jets equipped with a seal according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged view of the seal according to the invention of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a general block diagram of a cryogenic and high pressure fluid jet distribution installation incorporating a device; FIG. according to Figure 1,
  • Figures 4A and 4B are diagrams of the nozzle holder tool of the device of Figure 1.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic (side view) view of the portion of a cryogenic temperature and high pressure fluid jet apparatus 6 showing the seal of the rotary system 1 and the rotary tool 3 More specifically, the gasket 20 of cylindrical shape is arranged at the intersection of the portions 2, 5 of pipeline carrying the liquid nitrogen (LN 2 ) and is traversed longitudinally by one or more bronze pieces 22, 23 and is surrounded by a solid piece of stainless steel 21.
  • the seal 20 provides dynamic sealing of the rotary system 1 since the upstream portion 5 is fixed, while the downstream portion 2 is rotatable.
  • the seal 20 is a cylindrical rotating seal polymer material having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 10.10 "6 160.10 and” 6 / K, preferably between about 20.10 "and 130.10 6" 6 / K. These values are valid and assumed to be constant for the considered temperature range.
  • the coefficients of linear thermal expansion are obtained in accordance with DIN 50044.
  • Table II below gives the coefficients of thermal expansion, on the one hand, of Tivar® and, on the other hand, of several commercially available polymers which can be used as a seal in the system of FIG. 1 and thus advantageously replace Tivar® seals conventionally used in a cryogenic medium.
  • PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PCTFE Polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene
  • PAI Polyamide imide
  • PPS Polyphenylene sulfide
  • UHMW PE Very high molecular weight polyethylene.
  • Table II The values in Table II are valid and assumed to be constant for the temperature range considered. The coefficients of linear thermal expansion are obtained in accordance with DIN 50044.
  • PTFE, PCTFE, PAI and PPS have low friction coefficients of the same order as Tivar ®.
  • the polymers PS and PAI are the materials which are best suited to manufacture the rotary joint according to the invention.
  • the other two polymers are also suitable although less preferred.
  • the reliability of the cryogenic fluid distribution system can be increased, that is to say, avoid or minimize the progressive appearance of a clearance between the seal 20 and the metal parts 21, 22, 23 of the rotary system 1, and thus avoid or minimize nitrogen leakage at said seal 20.
  • FIG. 3 shows an installation equipped with a device provided with a seal according to the invention, for example usable for carrying out a surface etching by jets 6 of cryogenic liquid.
  • This installation consists of a storage tank 1 1, such as a tank, of liquid nitrogen (hereinafter referred to as LN 2 ) which feeds, via a supply line 16 of liquid nitrogen under low pressure, it is at around 3 to 6 bar and at a temperature of the order of -180 ° C., a compression device 12, with compressor and internal upstream heat exchanger allowing an ultra high pressure (UHP) setting of the 'liquid nitrogen.
  • LN 2 liquid nitrogen
  • UHP ultra high pressure
  • LN 2 at the first pressure (UHP) is then conveyed via a conveyor line 17, to an external downstream heat exchanger 13 where the LN2 UHP undergoes cooling with liquid nitrogen at atmospheric pressure (at 9), to typically obtain UHP liquid nitrogen.
  • LN 2 at a pressure (UHP) typically greater than 1000 bar, generally between 2000 bar and 5000 bar, advantageously between about 3000 and 4000 bar, and at a temperature below -140 ° C., typically between about -140 ° C and -180 ° C, for example of the order of about -150 to -160 ° C, which is sent via the portions of lines 5, 2, to the rotary pickling tool 4 or the like provided with dispensing nozzles 18 delivering jets 6 of liquid nitrogen UHP.
  • UHP pressure
  • the high-capacity fixed or mobile tank 11 such as a truck tank or a storage tank of several thousand liters of liquid nitrogen, is generally located outside the buildings, that is to say at the outdoors.
  • the tank 11 is connected to the installation by means of insulated pipes comprising one or more control valves.
  • the LN 2 conveying between the various elements of the system is also done via insulated pipes.
  • the overall gas flow is approximately 20 l / min or 15 m 3 / min.
  • the compression device 12, the external exchanger 13 and especially the tool 4 are in principle located in one or more buildings.
  • a tool 4 for etching a surface for example, a tool 4 is used equipped with nozzles 18 fed with LN 2 UHP (in 2) which is preferably rotated so as to obtain jets 6 LN 2 UHP which are used to strip the surface to be treated.
  • LN 2 UHP in 2
  • the rotation of the downstream portion 2 of the pipe and the tool 3 is obtained by means of a conventional drive system with motor and sprockets or drive belts.
  • a heat treatment device equipped with a seal according to the present invention is applicable in any operation or heat treatment process requiring the implementation of a rotation or oscillation of cryogenic fluid jets, in particular surface treatment, pickling or of a material, such as metals, concrete, stone, plastics, wood, ceramics ...

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for dispensing at least one high-pressure cryogenic fluid stream, said device including a movable tool (3), comprising one or more fluid-dispensing nozzles (18) for dispensing one or more high-pressure cryogenic fluid streams, and a line (2, 5) for supplying high-pressure cryogenic fluid from the movable tool (3), said line including a stationary upstream portion (5) and a movable downstream portion (2) that is connected to the movable tool (3), said stationary upstream portion (5) and movable downstream portion (2) being fluidly connected to each other by means of a rotatable system (1) including a rotating joint (20). The rotating joint (20) includes a polymer material having a heat expansion coefficient between 10 x 106 and 160 x 10"6/K.

Description

Dispositif de distribution de jets de fluide cryogénique avec joint en polymère à coefficient de dilatation donné  Cryogenic fluid jet dispensing device with polymer joint with given coefficient of expansion
L'invention porte sur un dispositif et un procédé de travail par jets de fluide cryogénique sous haute pression, en particulier de traitement de surface, de décapage ou d'écroutage, comprenant un joint rotatif à coefficient de dilatation et coefficient de frottement donnés . The invention relates to a device and a method for working by jets of cryogenic fluid under high pressure, in particular surface treatment, pickling or peeling, comprising a rotary joint with a given coefficient of expansion and coefficient of friction.
Il est connu d'utiliser un ou des jets cryogéniques sous très haute pression comme proposé par exemple par les documents US-A-7,310,955 et US-A-7,316,363 pour opérer des traitements de surface de matériaux revêtus ou non, en particulier le décapage, l'écroutage ou analogue, voire des découpages, tels les métaux, le béton, le bois, les polymères, les céramiques et les plastiques ou tout autre type de matériau.  It is known to use one or more cryogenic jets under very high pressure as proposed for example by US-A-7,310,955 and US-A-7,316,363 to perform surface treatments of coated or uncoated materials, in particular stripping, crushing or the like, or even cuttings, such as metals, concrete, wood, polymers, ceramics and plastics or any other type of material.
Ce type de procédé est destiné à être mis en œuvre notamment dans les milieux où existent des contraintes environnementales drastiques, tel que dans les milieux nucléaire et chimique.  This type of process is intended to be implemented particularly in environments where there are drastic environmental constraints, such as in nuclear and chemical environments.
Le ou les jets d'azote liquide à une pression de 1000 à 4000 bars et à température cryogénique comprise par exemple entre -100 et -200°C, typiquement environ -140 et -160°C, sont distribués par un outil porte-buses qui peut être fixé ou animé d'un mouvement rotatif ou oscillant, et qui est généralement alimenté en azote liquide par une canalisation d'amenée de fluide cryogénique.  The jetting or jets of liquid nitrogen at a pressure of 1000 to 4000 bar and at a cryogenic temperature of, for example, between -100 and -200 ° C., typically about -140 and -160 ° C., are distributed by a nozzle-carrying tool. which can be fixed or animated with a rotary or oscillating movement, and which is generally supplied with liquid nitrogen by a cryogenic fluid supply line.
Pour obtenir un mouvement rotatif de l'outil, on confère à la canalisation et à l'outil, un mouvement rotatif autour de l'axe de la canalisation, au moyen d'un système rotatif d'entraînement à pignons ou courroies mus par un moteur.  To obtain a rotary movement of the tool, the pipe and the tool are given a rotary movement about the axis of the pipe, by means of a rotary drive system with pinions or belts driven by a engine.
L'étanchéité dynamique du système rotatif est habituellement assurée par un joint cylindrique tournant, typiquement en Tivar®, agencé autour de la canalisation, traversé longitudinalement par une pièce en bronze et entouré par une pièce massive en acier inoxydable.  The dynamic seal of the rotary system is usually provided by a rotating cylindrical seal, typically Tivar®, arranged around the pipe, traversed longitudinally by a bronze piece and surrounded by a solid piece of stainless steel.
Du fait des températures cryogéniques mises en œuvre, typiquement inférieures à environ -150°C, on a remarqué en pratique que l'efficacité de ce joint diminue au fil du temps, ce qui engendre à plus ou moins courte échéance des fuites et donc des pertes de rendement du procédé, notamment lors d'opérations d'écroutage de béton ou de décapage de peinture par exemple.  Due to the cryogenic temperatures used, typically less than about -150 ° C., it has been observed in practice that the effectiveness of this seal decreases over time, which causes more or less short-term leakage and therefore losses. process efficiency losses, in particular during concrete peeling operations or paint stripping, for example.
En effet, sous l'effet des températures cryogéniques mises en oeuvre, les matériaux se déforment de manière différente les uns des autres, en fonction de leur coefficient de dilatation thermique respectif, comme illustré dans le Tableau I. Tableau I Indeed, under the effect of the cryogenic temperatures used, the materials deform differently from each other, according to their respective thermal expansion coefficient, as shown in Table I. Table I
*Le Tivar® est un polyéthylène à très grand poids moléculaire.  * Tivar® is a very high molecular weight polyethylene.
Ces valeurs sont valables et supposées constantes pour la plage de températures considérée. Les coefficients de dilatation thermique linéique sont obtenus conformément à la norme DIN 50044.  These values are valid and assumed to be constant for the considered temperature range. The coefficients of linear thermal expansion are obtained in accordance with DIN 50044.
Comme on le voit, ces matériaux réagissent très différemment aux températures cryogéniques et, de ce fait, au cours des cycles alternatifs de refroidissement et de réchauffement, il se produit des déformations, voire des détériorations du joint et ce, d'autant plus rapidement qu'il est soumis à des pressions très importantes, à savoir jusqu'à typiquement 4000 bars.  As can be seen, these materials react very differently to cryogenic temperatures and, therefore, during the alternating cooling and heating cycles, deformation or even deterioration of the seal occurs, all the more rapidly it is subjected to very high pressures, namely up to typically 4000 bars.
En effet, on a constaté en pratique qu'un jeu apparaît progressivement entre le joint et les pièces métalliques, lequel induit des fuites, qui sont rédhibitoires pour un fonctionnement normal du système. En conséquence de quoi, il faut changer régulièrement le joint, ce qui occasionne des coûts de matériel et de maintenance. Or, ceci est critique dans les milieux à risques, notamment les domaines nucléaire ou chimique par exemple, où l'intervention humaine doit être la moins fréquente possible.  Indeed, it has been found in practice that a game appears gradually between the seal and the metal parts, which induces leaks, which are unacceptable for normal operation of the system. As a result, it is necessary to change the seal regularly, which causes material and maintenance costs. However, this is critical in risk environments, particularly the nuclear or chemical fields, for example, where human intervention must be as infrequent as possible.
Le problème à résoudre est dès lors d'augmenter la fiabilité d'un système de distribution de fluide cryogénique, en particulier d'azote liquide, tel que décrit ci-dessus, en proposant un système de distribution avec outil de distribution de fluide avec joint rotatif amélioré de manière à pallier les inconvénients susmentionnés.  The problem to be solved is therefore to increase the reliability of a cryogenic fluid distribution system, in particular of liquid nitrogen, as described above, by proposing a distribution system with fluid distribution tool with seal rotative improved to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
La solution est un dispositif de distribution d'au moins un jet de fluide à température cryogénique sous haute pression comprenant :  The solution is a device for dispensing at least one cryogenic fluid jet at high pressure comprising:
- un outil mobile comportant une ou plusieurs buses de distribution de fluide pour distribuer un ou plusieurs jets de fluide à température cryogénique et haute pression, et  a moving tool comprising one or more fluid distribution nozzles for dispensing one or more jets of cryogenic and high pressure fluid, and
- une ligne d'alimentation de l'outil mobile en fluide à température cryogénique et haute pression comprenant une portion amont fixe et une portion aval mobile reliée à l'outil mobile, lesdites portion amont fixe et portion aval mobile étant fluidiquement connectées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'un système rotatif comprenant un joint tournant, caractérisé en ce que le joint tournant comprend un matériau polymère présentant un coefficient de dilatation thermique compris entre 10.10"6 et 160.10~6/K. a supply line of the moving tool in cryogenic and high pressure fluid comprising a fixed upstream portion and a movable downstream portion connected to the moving tool, said fixed upstream portion and mobile downstream portion being fluidically connected to one another; to the other by means of a rotating system comprising a rotary joint, characterized in that the rotary joint comprises a polymeric material having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 10.10 "6 and 160.10 ~ 6 / K.
Selon le cas, le dispositif de l'invention peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :  As the case may be, the device of the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
- le joint tournant comprend un matériau polymère présentant un coefficient de dilatation thermique compris entre 20.10~6 et 130.10"6/K. the rotary joint comprises a polymer material having a coefficient of thermal expansion of between 20 × 10 -6 and 130 × 10 -6 / K.
- le joint tournant comprend un matériau polymère présentant un coefficient de frottement inférieur à 0,50.  the rotary joint comprises a polymer material having a coefficient of friction of less than 0.50.
- le joint est de forme cylindrique.  - The seal is cylindrical.
- le joint est maintenu au sein du système rotatif par une ou plusieurs pièces en métal. - The seal is maintained within the rotary system by one or more metal parts.
- le joint est en un matériau polymère choisi parmi le PTFE, le PCTFE, le PAI et lethe seal is made of a polymer material chosen from PTFE, PCTFE, PAI and
PPS. PPS.
L'invention porte aussi sur une installation de distribution d'au moins un jet de fluide à température cryogénique sous haute pression comprenant un dispositif selon l'invention alimenté en fluide cryogénique par une source de fluide à température cryogénique et comprenant un outil mobile en rotation équipé d'une ou plusieurs buses de distribution dudit fluide cryogénique sous pression.  The invention also relates to an installation for dispensing at least one cryogenic fluid jet under high pressure comprising a device according to the invention supplied with cryogenic fluid by a source of cryogenic temperature fluid and comprising a rotating tool equipped with one or more nozzles for dispensing said cryogenic fluid under pressure.
Par ailleurs, l'invention porte également sur un procédé de traitement de surface, de décapage ou d'écroutage, d'un matériau par jets de fluide cryogénique à haute pression, dans lequel on met en œuvre une installation ou un dispositif selon l'invention.  Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for surface treatment, pickling or peeling, a high-pressure cryogenic fluid jet material, in which an installation or a device according to the invention is implemented. invention.
De préférence, le fluide cryogénique distribué par la ou les buses de l'outil est à une pression d'au moins 500 bar, de préférence entre 2000 et 4000 bar.  Preferably, the cryogenic fluid dispensed by the nozzle (s) of the tool is at a pressure of at least 500 bar, preferably between 2000 and 4000 bar.
Avantageusement, le fluide distribué par la ou les buses de l'outil est à une température inférieure à -140°C, de préférence entre environ -140 et -180°C.  Advantageously, the fluid dispensed by the nozzle or nozzles of the tool is at a temperature below -140 ° C, preferably between about -140 and -180 ° C.
L'invention va être mieux comprise grâce aux explications illustratives suivantes, données en références aux Figures annexées parmi lesquelles :  The invention will be better understood thanks to the following explanatory explanations given in reference to the appended figures among which:
- la Figure 1 est une vue schématique d'une partie d'un dispositif de distribution de jets de fluide à température cryogénique et à haute pression équipée d'un joint selon l'invention, FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a part of a device for dispensing cryogenic and high pressure fluid jets equipped with a seal according to the invention,
- la Figure 2 est une vue schématique grossie du joint selon l'invention de la Figure 1 , - la Figure 3 est un schéma général de principe d'une installation de distribution de jets de fluide à température cryogénique et à haute pression incorporant un dispositif selon la Figure 1 , 2 is a schematic enlarged view of the seal according to the invention of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a general block diagram of a cryogenic and high pressure fluid jet distribution installation incorporating a device; FIG. according to Figure 1,
- et les Figures 4A et 4B sont des schémas de l'outil porte-buses du dispositif de la Figure 1. La Figure 1 est une vue schématique (vue de côté) de la partie d'un dispositif de distribution de jets 6 de fluide à température cryogénique et à haute pression montrant le joint 20 d'étanchéité du système rotatif 1 et l'outil rotatif 3. Plus précisément, le joint 20 de forme cylindrique est agencé à l'intersection des portions 2, 5 de canalisation amenant l'azote liquide (LN2) et est traversé longitudinalement par une ou plusieurs pièces en bronze 22, 23 et est entouré par une pièce massive en acier inox 21. Le joint 20 assure l'étanchéité dynamique du système rotatif 1 étant donné que la portion amont 5 est fixe, alors que la portion aval 2 est mobile en rotation. and Figures 4A and 4B are diagrams of the nozzle holder tool of the device of Figure 1. Figure 1 is a diagrammatic (side view) view of the portion of a cryogenic temperature and high pressure fluid jet apparatus 6 showing the seal of the rotary system 1 and the rotary tool 3 More specifically, the gasket 20 of cylindrical shape is arranged at the intersection of the portions 2, 5 of pipeline carrying the liquid nitrogen (LN 2 ) and is traversed longitudinally by one or more bronze pieces 22, 23 and is surrounded by a solid piece of stainless steel 21. The seal 20 provides dynamic sealing of the rotary system 1 since the upstream portion 5 is fixed, while the downstream portion 2 is rotatable.
Selon la présente invention, le joint 20 tournant cylindrique est un joint en matériau polymère présentant un coefficient de dilatation thermique compris entre 10.10"6 et 160.10"6/K, de préférence entre environ 20.10"6 et 130.10"6/K. Ces valeurs sont valables et supposées constantes pour la plage de températures considérée. Les coefficients de dilatation thermique linéique sont obtenus conformément à la norme DIN 50044. According to the present invention, the seal 20 is a cylindrical rotating seal polymer material having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 10.10 "6 160.10 and" 6 / K, preferably between about 20.10 "and 130.10 6" 6 / K. These values are valid and assumed to be constant for the considered temperature range. The coefficients of linear thermal expansion are obtained in accordance with DIN 50044.
Le tableau II ci-après donne les coefficients de dilatation thermique, d'une part, du Tivar® et, d'autre part, de plusieurs polymères disponibles dans le commerce et qui peuvent être utilisés en tant que joint dans le système de la Figure 1 et ainsi remplacer avantageusement les joints en Tivar® classiquement utilisés en milieu cryogénique.  Table II below gives the coefficients of thermal expansion, on the one hand, of Tivar® and, on the other hand, of several commercially available polymers which can be used as a seal in the system of FIG. 1 and thus advantageously replace Tivar® seals conventionally used in a cryogenic medium.
Tableau II Table II
PTFE = Polytétrafluoroéthylène ; PCTFE = Polymonochlorotrifiuoréthylène, PAI = Polyamide imide ; PPS = Sulfure de polyphénylène ; UHMW PE = Polyéthylène à très grand poids moléculaire. Les valeurs du Tableau II sont valables et supposées constantes pour la plage de températures considérée. Les coefficients de dilatation thermique linéique sont obtenus conformément à la norme DIN 50044. PTFE = Polytetrafluoroethylene; PCTFE = Polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene, PAI = Polyamide imide; PPS = Polyphenylene sulfide; UHMW PE = Very high molecular weight polyethylene. The values in Table II are valid and assumed to be constant for the temperature range considered. The coefficients of linear thermal expansion are obtained in accordance with DIN 50044.
Par ailleurs, les coefficients de frottement des différents polymères du Tableau II et, à titre comparatif, du Tivar® sont donnés dans le Tableau III ci-après.  Moreover, the coefficients of friction of the various polymers of Table II and, by way of comparison, Tivar® are given in Table III below.
Tableau III  Table III
Coefficient de frottement dynamique  Dynamic coefficient of friction
(exprimé sans unité) PTFE PCTFE PAI PPS UHMW PE(expressed without unit) PTFE PCTFE PAI PPS UHMW PE
Téfion® Kel'F® Torlon® Ryton® Tivar® Téfion® Kel'F® Torlon® Ryton® Tivar®
Voltalef®  Voltalef®
0.10 0.35 0.25 0.3 0.28  0.10 0.35 0.25 0.3 0.28
Le coefficient de frottement dynamique a été déterminé selon norme : DIN 50044. (test sur acier trempé rectifié //P = 0,4 MPA - V = 0,6 m/s).  The dynamic coefficient of friction was determined according to DIN 50044. (test on hardened ground steel // P = 0.4 MPA - V = 0.6 m / s).
Comme on le constate, le PTFE, le PCTFE, le PAI et le PPS ont des coefficients de frottement faibles et du même ordre que celui du Tivar ®.  As can be seen, PTFE, PCTFE, PAI and PPS have low friction coefficients of the same order as Tivar ®.
En examinant les coefficients de dilatation thermique et de frottement, on constate que les polymères PS et PAI sont les matériaux qui conviennent le mieux pour fabriquer le joint tournant selon l'invention. Toutefois, les deux autres polymères conviennent également bien qu'étant moins préférés.  By examining the coefficients of thermal expansion and friction, it is found that the polymers PS and PAI are the materials which are best suited to manufacture the rotary joint according to the invention. However, the other two polymers are also suitable although less preferred.
En choisissant avec soin le type de joint 20 à utiliser dans le système rotatif 1 de l'invention, on peut augmenter la fiabilité du système de distribution de fluide cryogénique, c'est-à-dire éviter ou minimiser l'apparition progressive d'un jeu entre le joint 20 et les pièces métalliques 21 , 22, 23 du système rotatif 1 , et donc éviter ou minimiser les fuites d'azote au niveau dudit joint 20.  By carefully choosing the type of gasket 20 to be used in the rotary system 1 of the invention, the reliability of the cryogenic fluid distribution system can be increased, that is to say, avoid or minimize the progressive appearance of a clearance between the seal 20 and the metal parts 21, 22, 23 of the rotary system 1, and thus avoid or minimize nitrogen leakage at said seal 20.
A titre d'exemple, on a représenté sur la Figure 3 , une installation équipée d'un dispositif muni d'un joint selon l'invention, par exemple utilisable pour réaliser un décapage de surface par jets 6 de liquide cryogénique.  By way of example, FIG. 3 shows an installation equipped with a device provided with a seal according to the invention, for example usable for carrying out a surface etching by jets 6 of cryogenic liquid.
Cette installation se compose d'un réservoir de stockage 1 1 , telle une citerne, d'azote liquide (ci-après appelé LN2) qui alimente, via une ligne d'amenée 16 d'azote liquide sous basse pression, c'est-à-dire à environ de 3 à 6 bar et à une température de l'ordre de -180°C, un dispositif de compression 12, avec compresseur et échangeur thermique amont interne permettant une mise à ultra haute pression (UHP) de l'azote liquide. Le dispositif de compression 12 permet donc de réaliser la compression du LN2 provenant du réservoir de stockage 1. This installation consists of a storage tank 1 1, such as a tank, of liquid nitrogen (hereinafter referred to as LN 2 ) which feeds, via a supply line 16 of liquid nitrogen under low pressure, it is at around 3 to 6 bar and at a temperature of the order of -180 ° C., a compression device 12, with compressor and internal upstream heat exchanger allowing an ultra high pressure (UHP) setting of the 'liquid nitrogen. The compression device 12 thus makes it possible to compress LN 2 from the storage tank 1.
Le LN2 à la première pression (UHP) est alors véhiculé via une ligne de convoyage 17, jusqu'à un échangeur thermique aval 13 externe où le LN2 UHP subit un refroidissement avec de l'azote liquide à pression atmosphérique (en 9), pour obtenir typiquement de l'azote liquide UHP. LN 2 at the first pressure (UHP) is then conveyed via a conveyor line 17, to an external downstream heat exchanger 13 where the LN2 UHP undergoes cooling with liquid nitrogen at atmospheric pressure (at 9), to typically obtain UHP liquid nitrogen.
Il en résulte du LN2 à une pression (UHP) typiquement supérieure à 1000 bar, généralement comprise entre 2000 bar et 5000 bar, avantageusement comprise entre environ 3000 et 4000 bar, et à une température inférieure à -140°C, typiquement entre environ -140°C et -180°C, par exemple de l'ordre d'environ -150 à -160°C, qui est envoyé, via les portion de lignes 5, 2, vers l'outil 4 rotatif de décapage ou analogue munis de buses de distribution 18 délivrant des jets 6 d'azote liquide UHP. This results in LN 2 at a pressure (UHP) typically greater than 1000 bar, generally between 2000 bar and 5000 bar, advantageously between about 3000 and 4000 bar, and at a temperature below -140 ° C., typically between about -140 ° C and -180 ° C, for example of the order of about -150 to -160 ° C, which is sent via the portions of lines 5, 2, to the rotary pickling tool 4 or the like provided with dispensing nozzles 18 delivering jets 6 of liquid nitrogen UHP.
Le réservoir 11 fixe ou mobile de grande capacité, telle une citerne de camion ou un réservoir de stockage de plusieurs milliers de litres d'azote liquide, est généralement situé à l'extérieur des bâtiments, c'est-à-dire à l'air libre. Le réservoir 11 est relié à l'installation au moyen de tuyauteries calorifugées comprenant une ou des vannes de contrôle. En outre, le convoyage du LN2 entre les différents éléments du système se fait également via des canalisations calorifugées. Le débit global gazeux est approximativement de 20 1/min soit 15 m3/min. The high-capacity fixed or mobile tank 11, such as a truck tank or a storage tank of several thousand liters of liquid nitrogen, is generally located outside the buildings, that is to say at the outdoors. The tank 11 is connected to the installation by means of insulated pipes comprising one or more control valves. In addition, the LN 2 conveying between the various elements of the system is also done via insulated pipes. The overall gas flow is approximately 20 l / min or 15 m 3 / min.
En général, le dispositif de compression 12, l'échangeur externe 13 et surtout l'outil 4 sont en principe situés dans un ou des bâtiments.  In general, the compression device 12, the external exchanger 13 and especially the tool 4 are in principle located in one or more buildings.
Comme illustré sur les Figures 4A et 4B, pour décaper une surface par exemple, on utilise un outil 4 équipé de buses 18 alimentées par du LN2 UHP (en 2) que l'on met préférentiellement en rotation de manière à obtenir des jets 6 de LN2 UHP qui sont utilisés pour décaper la surface à traiter. As illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B, for etching a surface for example, a tool 4 is used equipped with nozzles 18 fed with LN 2 UHP (in 2) which is preferably rotated so as to obtain jets 6 LN 2 UHP which are used to strip the surface to be treated.
La mise en rotation de la portion aval 2 de canalisation et de l'outil 3 est obtenue grâce à un système d'entraînement classique avec moteur et pignons ou courroies d'entraînement.  The rotation of the downstream portion 2 of the pipe and the tool 3 is obtained by means of a conventional drive system with motor and sprockets or drive belts.
Un dispositif de traitement thermique équipé d'un joint selon la présente invention est applicable dans toute opération ou procédé de traitement thermique nécessitant la mise en oeuvre d'une rotation ou oscillation de jets de fluide cryogénique, en particulier de traitement de surface, de décapage ou d'écroutage, d'un matériau, tel les métaux, le béton, la pierre, les plastiques, le bois, la céramique...  A heat treatment device equipped with a seal according to the present invention is applicable in any operation or heat treatment process requiring the implementation of a rotation or oscillation of cryogenic fluid jets, in particular surface treatment, pickling or of a material, such as metals, concrete, stone, plastics, wood, ceramics ...

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Dispositif de distribution d'au moins un jet de fluide à température cryogénique sous haute pression comprenant : A device for dispensing at least one high pressure cryogenic fluid jet comprising:
- un outil mobile (3) comportant une ou plusieurs buses (18) de distribution de fluide pour distribuer un ou plusieurs jets de fluide à température cryogénique et haute pression, et a mobile tool (3) comprising one or more fluid distribution nozzles (18) for dispensing one or more jets of cryogenic and high pressure fluid, and
- une ligne (2, 5) d'alimentation de l'outil mobile (3) en fluide à température cryogénique et haute pression comprenant une portion amont (5) fixe et une portion aval (2) mobile reliée à l'outil mobile (3), lesdites portion amont (5) fixe et portion aval (2) mobile étant fluidiquement connectées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'un système rotatif (1) comprenant un joint tournant (20), a line (2, 5) for supplying the mobile tool (3) with cryogenic and high pressure fluid comprising a fixed upstream portion (5) and a moving downstream portion (2) connected to the moving tool ( 3), said upstream portion (5) fixed and movable downstream portion (2) being fluidly connected to each other by means of a rotary system (1) comprising a rotary joint (20),
caractérisé en ce que le joint tournant (20) comprend un matériau polymère présentant un coefficient de dilatation thermique compris entre 10.10"6 et 160.10"6/K. characterized in that the rotary seal (20) comprises a polymer material having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 10.10 "6 160.10 and" 6 / K.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le joint tournant (20) comprend un matériau polymère présentant un coefficient de dilatation thermique compris entre 20.10"6 et 130.10~6/K. 2. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the rotary joint (20) comprises a polymeric material having a coefficient of thermal expansion between 20.10 "6 and 130.10 ~ 6 / K.
3. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le joint tournant (20) comprend un matériau polymère présentant un coefficient de frottement inférieur à 0,50. 3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary joint (20) comprises a polymeric material having a coefficient of friction less than 0.50.
4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le joint (20) est de forme cylindrique. 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seal (20) is cylindrical.
5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le joint (20) est maintenu au sein du système rotatif (1) par une ou plusieurs pièces (21 , 22, 23) en métal. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seal (20) is held within the rotary system (1) by one or more pieces (21, 22, 23) of metal.
6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le joint est en un matériau polymère choisi parmi le PTFE, le PCTFE, le PAI et le PPS. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seal is a polymeric material selected from PTFE, PCTFE, PAI and PPS.
7. Installation de distribution d'au moins un jet de fluide à température cryogénique sous haute pression comprenant un dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes alimenté en fluide cryogénique par une source ( 1 1) de fluide à température cryogénique et comprenant un outil (3) mobile en rotation équipé d'une ou plusieurs buses (18) de distribution dudit fluide cryogénique sous pression. 7. Dispensing installation of at least one cryogenic fluid jet under high pressure comprising a device according to one of the preceding claims supplied with cryogenic fluid by a source (1 1) of fluid at temperature cryogenic and comprising a tool (3) movable in rotation equipped with one or more nozzles (18) for dispensing said cryogenic fluid under pressure.
8. Procédé de traitement de surface, de décapage ou d'écroutage, d'un matériau par jets de fluide cryogénique à haute pression, dans lequel on met en œuvre une installation selon la revendication 7 ou un dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6. 8. A method of surface treatment, pickling or peeling, a material by jets of high pressure cryogenic fluid, in which is implemented an installation according to claim 7 or a device according to one of claims 1 to 6.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le fluide cryogénique distribué par la ou les buses de l'outil (3) est à une pression d'au moins 500 bar, de préférence entre 2000 et 4000 bar. 9. The method of claim 8, characterized in that the cryogenic fluid dispensed by the nozzle or nozzles of the tool (3) is at a pressure of at least 500 bar, preferably between 2000 and 4000 bar.
10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le fluide distribué par la ou les buses de l'outil (3) est à une température inférieure à -140°C, de préférence entre environ -140 et -180°C. 10. Method according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the fluid dispensed by the nozzle or nozzles of the tool (3) is at a temperature below -140 ° C, preferably between about -140 and -180 ° C.
EP10773118.4A 2009-09-23 2010-09-15 Cryogenic fluid stream dispensing device with polymer joint having given expansion coefficient Not-in-force EP2480378B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0956537A FR2950271B1 (en) 2009-09-23 2009-09-23 DEVICE FOR DISPENSING CRYOGENIC FLUID JETS WITH POLYMER SEAL WITH DILATION COEFFICIENT
PCT/FR2010/051909 WO2011036374A2 (en) 2009-09-23 2010-09-15 Cryogenic fluid stream dispensing device with polymer joint having given expansion coefficient

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EP2480378B1 EP2480378B1 (en) 2014-02-26

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US20120171934A1 (en) 2012-07-05
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JP2013505148A (en) 2013-02-14
FR2950271B1 (en) 2011-12-09
FR2950271A1 (en) 2011-03-25
WO2011036374A2 (en) 2011-03-31
CN102497958A (en) 2012-06-13

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