EP2470795B1 - Carter de turbomachine a etancheite renforcee - Google Patents
Carter de turbomachine a etancheite renforcee Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2470795B1 EP2470795B1 EP10752062.9A EP10752062A EP2470795B1 EP 2470795 B1 EP2470795 B1 EP 2470795B1 EP 10752062 A EP10752062 A EP 10752062A EP 2470795 B1 EP2470795 B1 EP 2470795B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- annular
- flange
- axial ribs
- casing according
- casing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/426—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
- F05D2260/39—Retaining components in desired mutual position by a V-shaped ring to join the flanges of two cylindrical sections, e.g. casing sections of a turbocharger
Definitions
- the invention relates to a turbomachine casing inside which high fluid pressures are involved, such as a centrifugal pump casing or turbine.
- the invention makes it possible at the same time to reduce the deformations and mechanical stresses on the housing, to facilitate its construction and its assembly and to improve the tightness, in use.
- the invention relates to a turbomachine casing as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
- a turbomachine casing as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a casing is known from the document WO 2007/048205 or DE 10 2007 009 781 .
- a casing of the type which the invention aims to improve which comprises a body essentially obtained by molding, in which is defined a cavity housing the centrifugal stage of the rotor and which is shaped to define an outlet volute, more particularly a recumbent volute.
- the casing body comprises two annular portions of different diameters. The smaller diameter portion is provided to house a portion of the rotor. The larger diameter portion houses a centrifugal wheel and is provided with an annular fixing flange for bolting to another complementary housing.
- axial ribs that is to say stiffeners extending parallel to the axis
- These axial molded ribs can have a certain height in the radial direction, which gives the body of the casing the desired rigidity.
- the flange allows the centering of the two housings and the insertion between them of a seal ensuring the external sealing.
- the axial ribs make it possible to limit the deformations of the casing without increasing the wall thicknesses.
- the axial ribs also make it possible to limit the deformations of the spoiler, that is to say the connection of internal material between the portions of small diameter and large volute diameter. This spoiler area is highly stressed because it absorbs the deformations of the output volute due to the effects of pressure. The axial ribs therefore reduce the level of stress in the spoiler.
- the deformations of the casing are relatively limited and the stresses in the spoiler separating the outlet of the diffuser from the volute are relatively contained.
- the ribs originating on the flange limit the number of bolts and make the manufacture of said flange more complex. This can pose a pump housing leakage problem due to insufficient number of bolts.
- the casing tends to inflate under the effect of pressure and it stresses the flange by tending to pivot on its support, which can promote external leakage, loss of centering or even a break bolts.
- the invention makes it possible to preserve the advantages of the relatively high axial ribs ensuring a good overall rigidity of the casing while ensuring a decoupling of the flange.
- the invention relates to a turbomachine casing of the type comprising a body reinforced externally by axial ribs evenly spaced circularly and extending in abutment between two annular portions of different diameters, the portion of larger diameter being provided with an annular fixing flange, characterized in that, on the side of the annular portion of larger diameter, the ends of the axial ribs are connected to an annular rib and in that this rib is attached to said fixing flange by a portion annular wall thinner than said rib and said flange.
- the configuration and attachment of the axial ribs result from the molding of the housing.
- a relatively thin annular zone is created in the vicinity of the flange. This area is therefore more flexible, all things being equal and will therefore deform under the effect of pressure to absorb movement between the flange and the rest of the housing more rigid due to the presence of axial ribs.
- said rib is defined in the radial external extension of an internal volute spoiler.
- said thinner annular wall portion is defined outside a diffuser outlet.
- said axial ribs straddle the outer wall of a lying volute. They are continuously attached to the outer wall of the housing, including the volute.
- the invention applies both to a centrifugal pump casing and to a turbine casing.
- centrifugal pump casing comprising a molded metal body 12 having externally molded axial ribs 14, circumferentially spaced regularly and extending in abutment between two annular portions of different diameters 16, 20
- the larger diameter portion 16 has a recumbent volute 17 leading to a tangential outlet 18 through which pressurized fluid is discharged and an annular attachment flange 19.
- the housing is shown hatched and part of a complementary housing 22 is shown in fine lines, assembled to the flange 19 by bolts 23.
- the ends of the axial ribs are integrally molded to an annular rib 25 protruding externally and the rib is attached to the molding said fastening flange 19 by an annular wall portion 27, substantially cylindrical.
- This annular wall portion is thinner than the rib 25 and thinner than the flange 19, as can be seen in FIG. figure 2 .
- the flange 19 is provided with a number of holes 29 regularly spaced circularly.
- the housing is adapted to be bolted to the complementary housing 22 by this flange, each hole receiving a bolt 23. A seal is inserted between the flange and that of the complementary housing.
- the rib 25 is defined in the radial external extension of an internal spoiler 26 separating the volute 17 from the diffuser outlet.
- the spoil absorbs the deformations of the volute due to the effects of pressure. It is therefore a very solicited part.
- the presence of the rib 25 strengthens this area.
- the thinner annular wall portion 27 is defined radially outside the diffuser outlet 29.
- the axial ribs 14 which span the outer wall of the lying volute 17 are molded to the housing, between the outer wall of the cylindrical portion 21 of said portion of smaller diameter and the annular rib 25.
- the portion the casing reinforced by the axial ribs is therefore extremely rigid and, according to the invention, this part is decoupled from the flange 19 by the annular wall portion 27.
- this portion which tends to bend under the effect of the internal pressure by preventing the deformations from affecting the flange itself.
- the embodiment of the flange 19 is simplified and the number of axial ribs 14 does not limit the number of holes 29 that it is possible and desirable to practice in the flange to achieve the desired tightening of the seal.
- this concept can be transposed to a turbine casing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Description
- L'invention se rapporte à un carter de turbomachine à l'intérieur duquel des hautes pressions de fluide sont mises en jeu, comme par exemple un carter de pompe centrifuge ou de turbine. L'invention permet à la fois de réduire les déformations et sollicitations mécaniques sur le carter, de faciliter sa réalisation et son montage et d'améliorer l'étanchéité, en utilisation.
- En particulier, l'invention se rapporte à un carter de turbomachine comme défini dans le préambule de la revendication 1. Un tel carter est connu du document
WO 2007/048205 ouDE 10 2007 009 781 . - On connaît un carter du type que l'invention vise à perfectionner, qui comporte un corps essentiellement obtenu par moulage, dans lequel est définie une cavité abritant l'étage centrifuge du rotor et qui est conformé pour définir une volute de sortie, plus particulièrement une volute couchée. Le corps du carter comporte deux portions annulaires de diamètres différents. La portion de plus petit diamètre est prévue pour abriter une partie du rotor. La partie de plus grand diamètre abrite une roue centrifuge et est pourvue d'une bride de fixation annulaire destinée à être boulonnée à un autre carter complémentaire. Pour rigidifier ce carter, on prévoit, au moulage et à l'extérieur de celui-ci, des nervures axiales (c'est-à-dire des raidisseurs s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe) régulièrement réparties circonférentiellement, qui s'étendent entre la bride et la portion de plus faible diamètre. Ces nervures axiales venues de moulage peuvent avoir une certaine hauteur dans le sens radial, ce qui confère au corps de carter la rigidité souhaitée.
- La bride permet le centrage des deux carters et l'insertion entre eux d'un joint assurant l'étanchéité extérieure. Les nervures axiales permettent de limiter les déformations du carter sans augmenter les épaisseurs de paroi. Les nervures axiales permettent aussi de limiter les déformations du becquet, c'est-à-dire le raccordement de matière interne entre les portions de petit diamètre et grand diamètre de volute. Cette zone de becquet est très sollicitée car elle absorbe les déformations de la volute de sortie dues aux effets de la pression. Les nervures axiales réduisent donc le niveau de contrainte dans le becquet.
- Grâce aux nervures axiales, les déformations du carter sont relativement limitées et les contraintes dans le becquet séparant la sortie du diffuseur de la volute sont relativement contenues. En revanche, les nervures prenant naissance sur la bride, limitent le nombre de boulons et rendent plus complexe la fabrication de ladite bride. Ceci peut poser un problème d'étanchéité du boîtier de pompe en raison d'un nombre insuffisant de boulons. Le carter a tendance à se gonfler sous l'effet de la pression et il sollicite la bride en tendant à la faire pivoter sur son appui, ce qui peut favoriser une fuite externe, une perte de centrage voire une rupture de boulons.
- L'invention permet de conserver les avantages des nervures axiales relativement hautes assurant une bonne rigidité globale du boîtier tout en assurant un découplage de la bride.
- Plus particulièrement, l'invention concerne un carter de turbomachine du type comportant un corps renforcé extérieurement par des nervures axiales régulièrement espacées circulairement et s'étendant en arc-boutement entre deux portions annulaires de diamètres différents, la portion de plus grand diamètre étant pourvue d'une bride de fixation annulaire, caractérisé en ce que, du côté de la portion annulaire de plus grand diamètre, les extrémités des nervures axiales sont raccordées à une nervure annulaire et en ce que cette nervure est rattachée à ladite bride de fixation par une portion de paroi annulaire plus mince que ladite nervure et que ladite bride.
- La configuration et le rattachement des nervures axiales résultent du moulage du carter.
- Selon l'invention, on créé une zone annulaire relativement mince au voisinage de la bride. Cette zone est donc plus souple, toutes choses égales par ailleurs et va donc se déformer sous l'effet de la pression pour absorber les mouvements entre la bride et le reste du carter plus rigide en raison de la présence des nervures axiales.
- Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, ladite nervure est définie dans le prolongement radial externe d'un becquet de volute interne.
- En outre, éventuellement, ladite portion de paroi annulaire plus mince est définie à l'extérieur d'une sortie de diffuseur.
- Selon un mode de réalisation, lesdites nervures axiales enjambent la paroi extérieure d'une volute couchée. Elles sont continuement rattachées à la paroi externe du carter, y compris la volute.
- Comme mentionné précédemment, l'invention s'applique aussi bien à un carter de pompe centrifuge qu'à un carter de turbine.
- L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue en perspective extérieure d'un carter selon l'invention ; et - la
figure 2 est une demi-coupe du même carter selon un plan passant par l'axe de rotation X. - Sur les dessins, on a représenté un carter de pompe centrifuge comportant un corps métallique moulé 12 présentant extérieurement des nervures axiales 14, venues de moulage, régulièrement espacées circonférentiellement et s'étendant en arc-boutement entre deux portions annulaires de diamètres différents 16, 20. La portion de plus grand diamètre 16 comporte une volute couchée 17 aboutissant à une sortie tangentielle 18 par laquelle le fluide sous pression est évacué et une bride de fixation 19 annulaire.
- Sur la
figure 2 , le carter est représenté hachuré et une partie d'un carter complémentaire 22 est représenté en trait fin, assemblé à la bride 19 par des boulons 23. - Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, du côté de la portion annulaire 16 de plus grand diamètre, les extrémités des nervures axiales sont réunies de moulage à une nervure annulaire 25 saillante extérieurement et cette nervure est rattachée de moulage à ladite bride de fixation 19 par une portion de paroi annulaire 27, sensiblement cylindrique. Cette portion de paroi annulaire est plus mince que la nervure 25 et plus mince que la bride 19, comme cela est visible sur la
figure 2 . Par ailleurs, la bride 19 est pourvue d'un certain nombre de trous 29 régulièrement espacés circulairement. Le carter est prévu pour être boulonné au carter complémentaire 22 par cette bride, chaque trou recevant un boulon 23. Un joint d'étanchéité est inséré entre la bride et celle du carter complémentaire. - Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, la nervure 25 est définie dans le prolongement radial externe d'un becquet interne 26 séparant la volute 17 de la sortie de diffuseur. Le becquet absorbe les déformations de la volute dues aux effets de la pression. C'est donc une partie très sollicitée. La présence de la nervure 25 renforce cette zone.
- Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, la portion de paroi annulaire plus mince 27 est définie radialement à l'extérieur de la sortie de diffuseur 29.
- Il est à noter que les nervures axiales 14 qui enjambent la paroi extérieure de la volute couchée 17 sont raccordées de moulage au carter, entre la paroi extérieure de la partie cylindrique 21 de ladite portion de plus petit diamètre et la nervure annulaire 25. La partie du carter renforcée par les nervures axiales est donc extrêmement rigide et, selon l'invention, cette partie est découplée de la bride 19 par la portion de paroi annulaire 27. Il en résulte que c'est cette portion qui a tendance à fléchir sous l'effet de la pression interne en évitant que les déformations n'affectent la bride elle-même. Il en résulte que celle-ci n'a plus tendance à pivoter par rapport à la bride du carter complémentaire et n'est plus sollicitée d'une façon qui pourrait provoquer l'ouverture du plan de joint entraînant des fuites.
- De plus, la réalisation de la bride 19 est simplifiée et le nombre d'nervures axiales 14 ne limite pas le nombre de trous 29 qu'il est possible et souhaitable de pratiquer dans la bride pour obtenir le serrage voulu du joint.
- Comme mentionné précédemment, ce concept peut être transposé à un carter de turbine.
Claims (6)
- Carter de turbomachine du type comportant un corps (12) renforcé extérieurement par des nervures axiales (14) régulièrement espacées circulairement et s'étendant en arc-boutement entre deux portions annulaires de diamètres différents, la portion de plus grand diamètre étant pourvue d'une bride de fixation (19) annulaire, caractérisé en ce que, du côté de la portion annulaire de plus grand diamètre, les extrémités des nervures axiales sont raccordées à une nervure annulaire (25) et en ce que cette nervure est rattachée à ladite bride de fixation (19) par une portion de paroi annulaire (27) plus mince que ladite nervure (25) et que ladite bride (19).
- Carter de turbomachine selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite nervure (25) est définie dans le prolongement radial externe d'un becquet interne (26).
- Carter de turbomachine selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite portion de paroi annulaire plus mince (27) est définie radialement à l'extérieur d'une sortie de diffuseur (29).
- Carter de turbomachine selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdites nervures axiales (14) enjambent la paroi extérieure d'une volute couchée (17).
- Pompe centrifuge, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un carter selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
- Turbine caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un carter selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0955778A FR2949517B1 (fr) | 2009-08-25 | 2009-08-25 | Carter de turbomachine a etancheite renforcee |
PCT/FR2010/051536 WO2011023873A1 (fr) | 2009-08-25 | 2010-07-21 | Carter de turbomachine a etancheite renforcee |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2470795A1 EP2470795A1 (fr) | 2012-07-04 |
EP2470795B1 true EP2470795B1 (fr) | 2016-11-30 |
Family
ID=41820276
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10752062.9A Active EP2470795B1 (fr) | 2009-08-25 | 2010-07-21 | Carter de turbomachine a etancheite renforcee |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9086077B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2470795B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5536214B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102639878A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2949517B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2530953C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2011023873A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2548472B (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2021-07-28 | Brunswick Corp | Centrifugal pumps having anti-air-locking features |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL2008180C2 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2013-07-29 | Ihc Holland Ie Bv | Pump and a method of manufacturing such a pump. |
US9498850B2 (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2016-11-22 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Structural case for aircraft gas turbine engine |
EP2713058B1 (fr) * | 2012-09-26 | 2016-11-30 | Pierburg Pump Technology GmbH | Tête de pompe pour une pompe centrifuge ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'une telle tête de pompe |
JP6184728B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-16 | 2017-08-23 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 両吸込渦巻ポンプ |
US10661906B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 | 2020-05-26 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Fan and compressor housing for an air cycle machine |
JP6369684B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-10 | 2018-08-08 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | 天井埋込型空気調和機 |
US9915267B2 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2018-03-13 | Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc | Fan inlet recirculation guide vanes |
EP3165776B1 (fr) | 2015-11-03 | 2020-04-22 | Howden Turbo GmbH | Turbocompresseur avec nervures de renfort |
CN106968984B (zh) * | 2015-12-11 | 2020-10-23 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 涡轮机 |
US10619650B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2020-04-14 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Air cycle machine fan and compressor housing |
RU2629307C1 (ru) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-08-28 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Нефтекамский машиностроительный завод" (ООО "НКМЗ") | Магистральный насос |
CN107701512A (zh) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-16 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 蜗壳、压缩机及空调器 |
US10788046B2 (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2020-09-29 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Fan and compressor housing for an air cycle machine |
JP2019157701A (ja) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-19 | 日本電産サンキョー株式会社 | ポンプ |
CN109210009A (zh) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-15 | 浙江亿迈达泵业有限公司 | 一种泵体前端盖、泵体及磁力泵 |
WO2023234927A1 (fr) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-12-07 | Itt Goulds Pumps, Inc. | Carter de pompe |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1279121A (fr) * | 1961-02-09 | 1961-12-15 | Brown | Moteur électrique hermétiquement clos et résistant à la pression |
FR2789529B1 (fr) * | 1999-02-05 | 2001-06-08 | Valeo Systemes Dessuyage | Perfectionnements aux moteurs electriques a courant continu, notamment pour actionneur de vehicule automobile |
RU2176751C1 (ru) * | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-10 | Носов Анатолий Александрович | Корпус жидкостного насоса |
AT413427B (de) * | 2004-03-01 | 2006-02-15 | Vogel Pumpen | Leitschaufelgehäuse einer pumpenstufe |
NZ590498A (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2012-06-29 | Resmed Ltd | Impeller for blower with vanes sandwiched between shrouds with opposite corners of vanes not in contact with shrouds |
RU2309296C1 (ru) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-27 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Орловский государственный технический университет" (ОрелГТУ) | Черпаковый электронасос |
DE102007009781B4 (de) | 2007-02-27 | 2009-09-17 | Woco Industrietechnik Gmbh | Kunststoffverdichtergehäuse sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
DE102007027282B3 (de) * | 2007-06-11 | 2008-11-13 | Woco Industrietechnik Gmbh | Kunststoffverdichtergehäuse und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffverdichtergehäuses |
-
2009
- 2009-08-25 FR FR0955778A patent/FR2949517B1/fr active Active
-
2010
- 2010-07-21 US US13/391,977 patent/US9086077B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-21 JP JP2012526093A patent/JP5536214B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-21 CN CN2010800380814A patent/CN102639878A/zh active Pending
- 2010-07-21 EP EP10752062.9A patent/EP2470795B1/fr active Active
- 2010-07-21 RU RU2012108484/06A patent/RU2530953C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-07-21 WO PCT/FR2010/051536 patent/WO2011023873A1/fr active Application Filing
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2548472B (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2021-07-28 | Brunswick Corp | Centrifugal pumps having anti-air-locking features |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2530953C2 (ru) | 2014-10-20 |
RU2012108484A (ru) | 2013-10-10 |
JP2013503291A (ja) | 2013-01-31 |
CN102639878A (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
FR2949517A1 (fr) | 2011-03-04 |
WO2011023873A1 (fr) | 2011-03-03 |
US20120230816A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
FR2949517B1 (fr) | 2011-10-21 |
EP2470795A1 (fr) | 2012-07-04 |
JP5536214B2 (ja) | 2014-07-02 |
US9086077B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
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