EP2450921B1 - Charger, receiving station and plug device for inductive transmission of electrical energy - Google Patents
Charger, receiving station and plug device for inductive transmission of electrical energy Download PDFInfo
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- EP2450921B1 EP2450921B1 EP20100190214 EP10190214A EP2450921B1 EP 2450921 B1 EP2450921 B1 EP 2450921B1 EP 20100190214 EP20100190214 EP 20100190214 EP 10190214 A EP10190214 A EP 10190214A EP 2450921 B1 EP2450921 B1 EP 2450921B1
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- coil
- charger
- longitudinal axis
- accordance
- receiving station
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a loading device according to the preamble of claim 1, to a receiving station according to the preamble of claim 7 and to a plug-in device according to the preamble of claim 12.
- From the DE 19743860 C1 is to remove a device for the inductive transmission of electrical energy, which consists of a charging device and a receiving station in an electrically operated toothbrush.
- the receiving station is electrically connected to a battery or a rechargeable battery, through which the motor of the toothbrush is supplied with power.
- the receiving station is plugged into the charging device, so that the coils of the receiving station and the charging device are aligned with each other so that the magnetic field generated by the coil of the charging device affects the coil of the receiving station and thus inductively transmitted electrical energy.
- the magnetic field radiates outward and is received by the coil of the receiving station, so that electrical energy is transmitted inductively from the coil of the charging device to the coil of the receiving station. This electrical energy is forwarded to the accumulators in the toothbrush and stored there.
- From the US 6,268,785 B1 is to take a loading device whose outer contour is designed in the form of a truncated cone. On the loading device, a receiving station is pushed, the inner contour is adapted to the outer contour of the loading device.
- the charging and receiving device are used for inductive transmission of electrical energy and data.
- a coil forming a coil winding is wound onto the outer jacket of the charging device. Spaced to this first winding, a second coil is mounted, which is arranged in the region of the tip of the truncated cone.
- two receiving coils are provided, which are aligned in the mounted state, ie in the plane formed by the two transmitting coils.
- a charging device of the type mentioned which has at least one, preferably a plurality, levels in which coils for inductive transmission of electrical energy are arranged and which is designed as a coupling element at the same time.
- a receiving station of the type mentioned which is fixedly or detachably attached to an electrically operated device and which is connectable to the charging device, so that one or more windings in the form of coils of the receiving station in alignment with the respective Coil of the charger in the state of charge run and thus form coil pairs.
- the core of the charging device is formed of at least two stages, is first advantageously achieved by the larger training of the first stage at which no coil is provided that the magnetic field, which is associated with the second adjacent thereto stage of the coil , is screened, because the first stage is based on the longitudinal axis of the core sized larger than the second stage and on the other hand, such a configured charging device can be used as a coupling element, because this is freely accessible from above and the outer contour of the charging device is suitable as a plug connection.
- the efficiency for inductive energy transmission is thus optimized because the magnetic field is deflected defined in a predetermined manner. Scattering losses are therefore minimized. Consequently, a further receiving coil, which is arranged in the magnetic field of the coil of the charging device, inductively absorb electrical energy and forward it to an accumulator.
- the loading device is formed from at least two stages, where at least one coil is mounted and when each of the steps has a cross-sectionally L-shaped outer contour, which faces the coil, because this can on the one hand, the coils form a common or a separate magnetic field and on the other hand, the magnetic fields are three-dimensionally deflected structured in a predetermined manner by the L-shaped outer contour, so that in this way the efficiency for inductive energy transfer is high and leakage losses are minimized.
- the coils of the charging device extend in different planes, which are arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the core of the charging device, and the receiving station has corresponding coil arrangements, differently configured receiving stations can be plugged onto the charging device, depending on the energy requirement that is required is to charge an electrical device associated with the receiving station. Namely, if the electrical appliance has an increased energy requirement, then several pairs of coils of the charging device and the receiving station are necessary and if the energy consumption of the charging electrical device should be lower, only a pair of coils of the charging device and the receiving station can be coupled in alignment with each other inductive energy transfer to accomplish, the remaining coils of the charger are then energized, so do not consume energy and radiate no magnetic field.
- the outer contour of the core of the loading device and the recesses of the carrier element of the receiving station each have contours that are adapted to each other and the respective contours are designed rotationally symmetric or polygonal, the charging devices and the receiving stations in any position with respect to the circumferential direction coupled to each other , thus eliminating advantageously the need to produce a mutually aligned exactly aligned connector; Rather, it is ensured by the outer contour of the charging device, that the receiving station can be placed reliably on this without tilting these when pushed.
- the charging device and the receiving station form a common plug-in device, which is sealed watertight, so that the electrical components are protected from penetrating water and can therefore be operated outdoors.
- the housing covering the coils and the core of the charging device, as well as the housing which closes the coils and the carrier element of the receiving station to the outside, is made of an insulating material, the magnetic field of the coils of the charging device is not in its deflection and its Field strength not hindered or reduced.
- the charging device has a plurality of steps, which have different outer diameters or height dimensions, it is possible to place these on differently configured receiving stations, which are fastened, for example, firmly to an apparatus to be electrically charged.
- FIGS. 1 a and 1 b a charging device 1 and receiving station 11 are shown, which can be interconnected for inductive energy transfer.
- the charging device 1 consists of a core 2, which is made of iron, so a magnetically conductive material.
- the outer contour 4 of the core 2 is designed stepped or stepped in relation to the longitudinal axis 3 of the core 2.
- the first stage of the core 2 is provided with the reference numeral 5 and has the largest distance of each further stage 5 '... 5 n to the longitudinal axis 3.
- a ring segment 33 made of copper for shielding the magnetic field 32 is attached.
- a second stage 5 ' Adjacent to the first stage 5, a second stage 5 'is provided, whose outer contour 4 is L-shaped.
- the second stage 5 ' is associated with a wire 6 in the form of a coil formed as a coil 7.
- the coil 7 is located on both legs the L-shaped stage 5 'and is connected via electrical lines 27 to a power source 10, through which the coil 7 is operated with alternating current in the state of charge, so that it flows through the coil 7.
- the coil 7 forms the magnetic field 32, which is explained in detail below.
- a third step 5 " Adjacent to the second step 5 ', a third step 5 "is provided, the outer contour 4 of which is dimensioned smaller than the distance of the second step 5' relative to the longitudinal axis 3.
- the third step 5" also has an L-shaped outer contour 4 this is another coil 7 is arranged, which is connected via the electrical line 27 to the power source 10.
- the coils 7 of the charging device 1 can be separated from each other or coupled to each other, so that a single or more of the coils 7 can be supplied by the power source 10 with electrical energy, thereby generating a smaller or larger magnetic field 32.
- the control electronics 35 is namely detectable how many coils 16 of the receiving station 11 are present at all, so that the formation of the magnetic field 32 by the coil 7 to the number of receiving coils 16 is adjustable.
- the core 2 and the two coils 7 of the charging device 1 are covered by a housing 31 to the outside, which is made of an insulating material, preferably made of plastic, and thin-walled, so that the magnetic field generated by the coils 32 32 through the housing 31 without Distraction and field strength loss radiates. However, the electrically conductive coils 7 are thereby isolated.
- a shoulder 25 serving as a contact surface is worked in between the two steps 5 'and 5 ", the shoulder 25 being inclined at an angle of 45 ° from inside to outside and from top to bottom relative to the longitudinal axis 3 of the core 2.
- the receiving station 11 is coupled via the electrical lines 27 with an accumulator 12, is supplied by an unillustrated electric drive motor of a bicycle in the decoupled state between the charging device 1 and the receiving station 11 with electrical energy.
- the receiving station 11 consists of a support member 13 which is made of iron, that is, a magnetically conductive material.
- Two recesses 17 'and 17 "of different size are incorporated into the carrier element 13.
- the distance between the first recess 17' and the longitudinal axis 14 of the carrier element 13 is greater than the distance between the second recess 17".
- the distance between the first and second recesses 17 'and 17 correlates to the distance that the second and third stages 5' and 5" of the loading device 1 have with respect to the longitudinal axis 3 of the core 2.
- the recesses 17 'and 17 are designed as L-shaped inner wall 18 and the contour of the steps 5' and 5" modeled.
- the first stage 5 serves as a shielding attachment 8, through which the forming magnetic field 32 is deflected in a structured manner.
- Each of the first and second recesses 17 'and 17 " is associated with a coil 16 made of a wire coil 15.
- the coils 16 are connected to the accumulator 12 through the electrical lead 27.
- the support member 13 and the coils 16 of the receiving station 11 are insulated by a housing 34 to the outside, which is made of a thin-walled plastic material and thus has an insulating effect.
- the magnetic field 32 penetrates the housing 34 without being deflected.
- a through hole 19 is incorporated, whose axis of symmetry is aligned with the longitudinal axis 14 and run through the electrical supply line.
- FIG. 1b the connection state between the charging device 1 and the receiving station 11 is shown. Due to the applied alternating voltage, the two coils 7 of the charging device 1 form the magnetic field 32, which is initially deflected in a structured manner by the first step 5 in the region of the shielding projection 8. In addition, the ring segment 33 shields the magnetic field 32, so that almost no scattering losses occur.
- the coil 7 of the first stage 5 'and the coil 16 of the first recess 17' are paired inductively interconnected in pairs and therefore run in a common plane 1.
- the coil 7 of the second stage 5 "and the coil 16 of the second recess 17" are in a further plane 11 which is parallel and spaced from the plane I runs.
- FIG. 2 Although the charging device 1 structurally identical designed, as in the FIGS. 1a and 1b However, the receiving station 11 is provided with only the recess 17 "in which the coil 16 is arranged, which is positioned in alignment with the coil 7 of the third stage 5" of the charging device 1.
- the coil 7, which is assigned to the second stage 5 ', has no coil partner, so that only electrical energy is transmitted inductively via the coil 7 of the second stage 5 " FIG. 1b reduced; the shutdown of the unneeded coils 7 by means of the control electronics 35th
- each stage 5 ... 5 n Due to the L-shaped and staircase-shaped configuration of each stage 5 ... 5 n is ensured that, for example, a shielding of the magnetic field 32 is effected by these stages 5, 5 ', if only in the area of the third stage 5 "takes place an inductive energy transfer.
- the charging device 1 and the receiving station 11 are extended by a further pair of coils 7 and 16.
- a fourth stage 5 ' namely, a third coil 7 is arranged and the receiving station 11 also has a third coil 16, which is in the region of a third recess 17"' attached.
- the step-shaped configuration of the charging device 1 and the receiving station 11 can be expanded as desired, so that the number of coil pairs required is to be provided depending on the amount of energy to be transmitted.
- the self-adjusting magnetic field 32 also required to attach to the outside of the support member 13, the ring segment 33, in the transition region between the support member 13 and the housing 34, ie immediately adjacent to the core 2 of the charging device 1.
- the plug-in device formed by the charging device 1 and the receiving station 11 is identified by the reference numeral 21.
- the charging device 1 may be associated with a charging station fixedly attached to, for example, a building facade, whereas the receiving station may be mounted on a mobile vehicle such as an electric bicycle or an electric scooter, so that it is not necessarily necessary for the charging device 1 and the receiving station 11 are mounted on a common component.
- the plug-in device 21 is created by the joining of the receiving station 11 to the loading device 1.
- a latching clip or a latching hook is provided, which is mounted hinged to the receiving station 11 and which is einklippsbar on the core 2 or on the housing 31 of the charging device 1. Consequently, the receiving station 11 is then fixed to the charging device 1.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Ladevorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1, auf eine Empfangsstation nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 7 sowie auf eine Steckvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 12.The invention relates to a loading device according to the preamble of
Aus der
Als nachteilig bei solchen bekannt gewordenen Ladevorrichtungen und Empfangsstationen, die eine gemeinsame Steckvorrichtung bilden, hat sich herausgestellt, dass ein erheblicher Wirkungsgradverlust eintritt, denn die Ausbildung des Magnetfeldes zur induktiven Übertragung von elektrischer Energie ist nicht positiv beeinflusst und definiert dreidimensional ausgestaltet. Dies mag für elektrische Geräte, die einen geringen Energiebedarf und damit einen geringen Bedarf zur Speicherung dieser Energie haben, ausreichend sein, zumal solche Zahnbürsten oftmals über eine längere Zeitperiode, beispielsweise über Nacht, in der Ladevorrichtung aufgeladen werden können.A disadvantage of such known charging devices and receiving stations, which form a common plug-in device, has been found that a significant loss of efficiency occurs because the formation of the magnetic field for inductive transmission of electrical energy is not positively influenced and defined three-dimensional. This may be sufficient for electrical appliances that have a low energy requirement and thus a low requirement for storing this energy, especially as such toothbrushes can often be charged in the loading device for a longer period of time, for example overnight.
Sollte jedoch der Bedarf bestehen, elektrische Geräte, beispielsweise elektrisch betriebene Fahrräder, Motorroller, Rasenmäher oder dergleichen, innerhalb einer möglichst kurz bemessenen Zeitspanne aufzuladen und dabei einen schnellen Ladezyklus zur Verfügung zu stellen, ist es erforderlich, dass der Wirkungsgrad zur induktiven Übertragung der elektrischen Energie möglichst hoch ist.However, should there be a need to charge electrical devices, such as electrically powered bicycles, scooters, lawn mowers or the like, within a shortest possible period of time while providing a fast charge cycle available, it is necessary that the efficiency for inductive transmission of electrical energy as high as possible.
Darüber hinaus ist es erforderlich, eine Unterscheidung zu treffen, welche elektrischen Geräte aufzuladen sind. Der Antriebsmotor eines Fahrrades benötigt nämlich weniger gespeicherte elektrische Energie als der elektrische Antriebsmotor eines Motorrollers. Daher besteht auch der Bedarf, eine Ladevorrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen, durch die in Abhängigkeit von den aufzuladenden Akkumulatoren mehr oder weniger elektrische Energie induktiv übertragen werden kann, um dadurch den Energieverbrauch an der Ladevorrichtung zu reduzieren.In addition, it is necessary to make a distinction as to which electric devices are to be charged. The drive motor of a bicycle requires less stored electrical energy than the electric drive motor of a scooter. Therefore, there is also a need to provide a charging device by which more or less electrical energy can be transmitted inductively depending on the rechargeable batteries, thereby reducing the power consumption of the charging device.
Aus der
In der Empfangsstation sind zwei Empfangsspulen vorgesehen, die im montierten Zustand fluchtend, also in der Ebene verlaufen, die von den beiden Sendespulen gebildet sind.In the receiving station two receiving coils are provided, which are aligned in the mounted state, ie in the plane formed by the two transmitting coils.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Ladevorrichtung der eingangs genannten Gattung bereitzustellen, die mindestens eine, vorzugsweise mehrere, Ebenen aufweist, in denen Spulen zur induktiven Übertragung von elektrischer Energie angeordnet sind und die gleichzeitig als Kupplungselement ausgestaltet ist. Darüber hinaus soll durch die Erfindung eine Empfangsstation der eingangs genannten Gattung bereitgestellt sein, die an einem elektrisch betriebenen Gerät fest oder lösbar angebracht ist und die an die Ladevorrichtung anschließbar ist, so dass eine oder mehrere Wicklungen in Form von Spulen der Empfangsstation fluchtend zu der jeweiligen Spule der Ladevorrichtung im Ladezustand verlaufen und somit Spulen-Paare bilden.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a charging device of the type mentioned, which has at least one, preferably a plurality, levels in which coils for inductive transmission of electrical energy are arranged and which is designed as a coupling element at the same time. In addition to be provided by the invention, a receiving station of the type mentioned, which is fixedly or detachably attached to an electrically operated device and which is connectable to the charging device, so that one or more windings in the form of coils of the receiving station in alignment with the respective Coil of the charger in the state of charge run and thus form coil pairs.
Ferner ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Steckvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Gattung, bestehend aus einer Ladevorrichtung und einer Empfangsstation bereitzustellen, mittels der wahlweise unterschiedliche Mengen von elektrischer Energie induktiv übertragen werden können und gleichzeitig der Wirkungsgrad der induktiven Energieübertragung hoch ist und keine Streuverluste aufgrund von unerwünschten dreidimensionalen Abstrahlungen des Magnetfeldes entstehen.It is another object of the invention to provide a plug-in device of the type mentioned, consisting of a charging device and a receiving station, by means of which optionally different amounts of electrical energy can be transmitted inductively and at the same time the efficiency of the inductive energy transfer is high and no scattering losses due to undesirable Three-dimensional emissions of the magnetic field arise.
Diese Aufgaben sind erfindungsgemäß hinsichtlich der Ladevorrichtung durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils von Patentanspruch 1, hinsichtlich der Empfangsstation durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils von Patentanspruch 7 und hinsichtlich der Steckverbindung durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils von Patentanspruch 12 gelöst.These objects are achieved according to the invention with respect to the loading device by the features of the characterizing part of
Weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Dadurch, dass der Kern der Ladevorrichtung aus mindestens zwei Stufen gebildet ist, wird zunächst vorteilhafterweise durch die größere Ausbildung der ersten Stufe erreicht, an der keine Spule vorgesehen ist, dass das Magnetfeld, das von der Spule, die der zweiten dazu benachbarten Stufe zugeordnet ist, abgeschirmt wird, denn die erste Stufe ist bezogen auf die Längsachse des Kerns größer bemessen als die zweite Stufe und zum anderen ist eine derart ausgestaltete Ladevorrichtung als Kupplungselement einsetzbar, denn dieses ist von oben frei zugänglich und die Außenkontur der Ladevorrichtung ist als Steckverbindung geeignet. Der Wirkungsgrad zur induktiven Energieübertragung ist folglich optimiert, denn das Magnetfeld wird definiert in vorbestimmter Weise ausgelenkt. Streuverluste sind demnach minimiert. Folglich kann eine weitere Empfangs-Spule, die in dem Magnetfeld der Spule der Ladevorrichtung angeordnet ist, induktiv elektrische Energie aufnehmen und diese an einen Akkumulator weiterleiten.Characterized in that the core of the charging device is formed of at least two stages, is first advantageously achieved by the larger training of the first stage at which no coil is provided that the magnetic field, which is associated with the second adjacent thereto stage of the coil , is screened, because the first stage is based on the longitudinal axis of the core sized larger than the second stage and on the other hand, such a configured charging device can be used as a coupling element, because this is freely accessible from above and the outer contour of the charging device is suitable as a plug connection. The efficiency for inductive energy transmission is thus optimized because the magnetic field is deflected defined in a predetermined manner. Scattering losses are therefore minimized. Consequently, a further receiving coil, which is arranged in the magnetic field of the coil of the charging device, inductively absorb electrical energy and forward it to an accumulator.
Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Ladevorrichtung aus mindestens zwei Stufen gebildet ist, an denen mindestens eine Spule angebracht ist und wenn jede der Stufen eine im Querschnitt L-förmige Außenkontur aufweist, die der Spule zugewandt ist, denn dadurch können zum einen die Spulen ein gemeinsames oder ein getrenntes Magnetfeld ausbilden und zum anderen sind die Magnetfelder durch die L-förmige Außenkontur dreidimensional in vorgegebener Weise strukturiert ausgelenkt, so dass hierdurch der Wirkungsgrad zur induktiven Energieübertragung hoch ist und Streuverluste minimiert sind.It is particularly advantageous if the loading device is formed from at least two stages, where at least one coil is mounted and when each of the steps has a cross-sectionally L-shaped outer contour, which faces the coil, because this can on the one hand, the coils form a common or a separate magnetic field and on the other hand, the magnetic fields are three-dimensionally deflected structured in a predetermined manner by the L-shaped outer contour, so that in this way the efficiency for inductive energy transfer is high and leakage losses are minimized.
Da die Spulen der Ladevorrichtung in unterschiedlichen Ebenen, die senkrecht zu der Längsachse des Kerns der Ladevorrichtung angeordnet sind, verlaufen und die Empfangsstation dazu korrespondierende Spulenanordnungen aufweist, können auf die Ladevorrichtung verschiedenartig ausgestaltete Empfangsstationen aufgesteckt werden, und zwar in Abhängigkeit von dem Energiebedarf, der benötigt ist, um ein der Empfangsstation zugeordnetes elektrisches Gerät aufzuladen. Wenn nämlich das elektrische Gerät einen erhöhten Energiebedarf besitzt, dann sind mehrere Paare von Spulen der Ladevorrichtung und der Empfangsstation notwendig und wenn der Energiebedarf des aufzuladenden elektrischen Gerätes geringer sein sollte, kann lediglich ein Spulenpaar der Ladevorrichtung und der Empfangsstation fluchtend zueinander gekoppelt werden, um die induktive Energieübertragung zu bewerkstelligen, die restlichen Spulen der Ladevorrichtung sind dann unbestromt, verbrauchen also keine Energie und strahlen kein Magnetfeld ab.Since the coils of the charging device extend in different planes, which are arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the core of the charging device, and the receiving station has corresponding coil arrangements, differently configured receiving stations can be plugged onto the charging device, depending on the energy requirement that is required is to charge an electrical device associated with the receiving station. Namely, if the electrical appliance has an increased energy requirement, then several pairs of coils of the charging device and the receiving station are necessary and if the energy consumption of the charging electrical device should be lower, only a pair of coils of the charging device and the receiving station can be coupled in alignment with each other inductive energy transfer to accomplish, the remaining coils of the charger are then energized, so do not consume energy and radiate no magnetic field.
Da die Außenkontur des Kernes der Ladevorrichtung und die Aussparungen des Trägerelementes der Empfangsstation jeweils Konturen aufweisen, die aneinander angepasst sind und die jeweiligen Konturen rotationssymmetrisch oder mehreckig ausgestaltet sind, können die Ladevorrichtungen und die Empfangsstationen in einer beliebigen Positionen bezogen auf die Umfangsrichtung miteinander gekoppelt wer den. Somit entfällt vorteilhafterweise die Notwendigkeit, eine zueinander ausgerichtete exakt fluchtende Steckverbindung herzustellen; vielmehr ist durch die Außenkontur der Ladevorrichtung sichergestellt, dass die Empfangsstation auf diese zuverlässig aufgesetzt werden kann, ohne dass diese beim Aufschieben verkantet.Since the outer contour of the core of the loading device and the recesses of the carrier element of the receiving station each have contours that are adapted to each other and the respective contours are designed rotationally symmetric or polygonal, the charging devices and the receiving stations in any position with respect to the circumferential direction coupled to each other , Thus eliminating advantageously the need to produce a mutually aligned exactly aligned connector; Rather, it is ensured by the outer contour of the charging device, that the receiving station can be placed reliably on this without tilting these when pushed.
Des Weiteren bilden die Ladevorrichtung und die Empfangsstation eine gemeinsame Steckvorrichtung, die wasserdicht abgeschlossen ist, so dass die elektrischen Bauteile vor eindringendem Wasser geschützt sind und folglich im Freien betrieben werden können.Furthermore, the charging device and the receiving station form a common plug-in device, which is sealed watertight, so that the electrical components are protected from penetrating water and can therefore be operated outdoors.
Da das die Spulen und den Kern der Ladevorrichtung abdeckende Gehäuse sowie das Gehäuse, das die Spulen und das Trägerelement der Empfangsstation nach außen verschließt, aus einem isolierenden Werkstoff hergestellt ist, wird durch die Gehäuse das Magnetfeld der Spulen der Ladevorrichtung nicht in seiner Auslenkung und seiner Feldstärke nicht behindert bzw. reduziert.Since the housing covering the coils and the core of the charging device, as well as the housing which closes the coils and the carrier element of the receiving station to the outside, is made of an insulating material, the magnetic field of the coils of the charging device is not in its deflection and its Field strength not hindered or reduced.
Da die Ladevorrichtung mehrere Stufen aufweist, die unterschiedliche Außendurchmesser bzw. Höhenabmessungen aufweisen, können auf diese unterschiedlich ausgestaltete Empfangsstationen aufgesetzt werden, die beispielsweise fest an einem elektrisch aufzuladenden Gerät befestigt sind.Since the charging device has a plurality of steps, which have different outer diameters or height dimensions, it is possible to place these on differently configured receiving stations, which are fastened, for example, firmly to an apparatus to be electrically charged.
In der Zeichnung sind nachfolgend zwei erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsbeispiele einer Ladevorrichtung sowie drei erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsvarianten einer Empfangsstation jeweils im Schnitt, die gemeinsam eine Steckvorrichtung bilden, dargestellt. Diese Ausführungsbeispiele und die Steckverbindung sind nachfolgend näher erläutert. Im Einzelnen zeigt:
- Figur 1 a
- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Ladevorrichtung und einer Empfangsstation mit drei bzw. zwei Stufen, wobei an jeweils zwei Stufen eine Spule angeordnet ist, im entkoppelten Zustand,
- Figur 1b
- die Ladevorrichtung und die Empfangsstation gemäß
Figur 1a im verbundenen Zustand, Figur 2- die Ladevorrichtung gemäß
Figur 1 a und ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Empfangsstation mit einer Stufe im aufgesteckten Zustand, Figur 3- ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Ladevorrichtung mit vier Stufen und drei jeweils einer der Stufen zugeordneten Spule und einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel einer Empfangsstation mit drei Stufen, an denen jeweils Spulen angebracht sind, im verbundenen Zustand und
Figur 4- eine schematische Darstellung der Ausbildung von Feldlinien, die Magnetfelder bilden, gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach
Figur 1 b.
- FIG. 1 a
- a first embodiment of a charging device and a receiving station with three or two stages, wherein at each two stages a coil is arranged, in the decoupled state,
- FIG. 1b
- the loading device and the receiving station according to
FIG. 1a in the connected state, - FIG. 2
- the charging device according to
FIG. 1 a and a second embodiment of a receiving station with a stage in the plugged state, - FIG. 3
- A second embodiment of a charging device with four stages and three each associated with one of the stages coil and a third embodiment of a receiving station with three stages, on each of which coils are mounted, in the connected state and
- FIG. 4
- a schematic representation of the formation of field lines forming magnetic fields according to the embodiment according to
FIG. 1 b.
In den
Die Ladevorrichtung 1 besteht aus einem Kern 2, der aus Eisen, also einem magnetisch leitfähigen Material, hergestellt ist. Die Außenkontur 4 des Kernes 2 ist bezogen auf die Längsachse 3 des Kernes 2 stufen- oder treppenförmig ausgestaltet. Die erste Stufe des Kerns 2 ist mit der Bezugsziffer 5 versehen und weist den größten Abstand jeder weiteren Stufe 5'...5n zu der Längsachse 3 auf. An der Außenseite der Stufe 5 ist ein Ringsegment 33 aus Kupfer zur Abschirmung des Magnetfeldes 32 angebracht.The
Benachbart zu der ersten Stufe 5 ist eine zweite Stufe 5' vorgesehen, deren Außenkontur 4 L-förmig ausgestaltet ist. Der zweiten Stufe 5' ist ein Draht 6 in Form einer als Spule 7 ausgebildete Wicklung zugeordnet. Die Spule 7 liegt an beiden Schenkeln der L-förmigen Stufe 5' an und ist über elektrische Leitungen 27 mit einer Stromquelle 10 verbunden, durch die die Spule 7 mit Wechselstrom im Ladezustand betrieben ist, so dass dieser durch die Spule 7 fließt. Somit bildet die Spule 7 das Magnetfeld 32 aus, das nachfolgend im Einzelnen näher erläutert ist.Adjacent to the
Benachbart zu der zweiten Stufe 5' ist eine dritte Stufe 5" vorgesehen, deren Außenkontur 4 zu der Längsachse 3 kleiner bemessen ist als der Abstand der zweiten Stufe 5'. Auch die dritte Stufe 5" weist eine L-förmige Außenkontur 4 auf und an dieser ist eine weitere Spule 7 angeordnet, die über die elektrische Leitung 27 mit der Stromquelle 10 verbunden ist.Adjacent to the second step 5 ', a
Mittels einer Steuerelektronik 35 können die Spulen 7 der Ladevorrichtung 1 voneinander getrennt oder miteinander gekoppelt sein, so dass eine einzelne oder mehrere der Spulen 7 von der Stromquelle 10 mit elektrischer Energie versorgt werden können, um dadurch ein kleineres oder größeres Magnetfeld 32 zu erzeugen. Durch die Steuerelektronik 35 ist nämlich erfassbar, wie viele Spulen 16 der Empfangsstation 11 überhaupt vorhanden sind, so dass die Ausbildung des Magnetfeldes 32 durch die Spulen 7 an die Anzahl der Empfangs-Spulen 16 anpassbar ist.By means of a
Der Kern 2 und die beiden Spulen 7 der Ladevorrichtung 1 sind durch ein Gehäuse 31 nach außen abgedeckt, das aus einem Isolierwerkstoff, vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff, hergestellt und dünnwandig ausgestaltet ist, so dass das von den Spulen 7 erzeugte Magnetfeld 32 durch das Gehäuse 31 ohne Ablenkung und Feldstärkenverlust durchstrahlt. Die elektrisch leitenden Spulen 7 sind jedoch dadurch isoliert.The
Zwischen den beiden Stufen 5' und 5" ist eine Schulter 25 angearbeitet, die als Anlagefläche dient. Die Schulter 25 verläuft in einem Winkel von 45° geneigt von innen nach außen und von oben nach unten bezogen auf die Längsachse 3 des Kerns 2.A
Die Empfangsstation 11 ist über die elektrischen Leitungen 27 mit einem Akkumulatoren 12 gekoppelt, durch die ein nicht dargestellter elektrischer Antriebsmotor eines Fahrrades im entkoppelten Zustand zwischen der Ladevorrichtung 1 und der Empfangsstation 11 mit elektrischer Energie versorgt ist.The receiving
Die Empfangsstation 11 besteht aus einem Trägerelement 13, das aus Eisen, also einem magnetisch leitfähigen Werkstoff, hergestellt ist. In das Trägerelement 13 sind zwei unterschiedlich groß bemessene Aussparungen 17' und 17" eingearbeitet. Der Abstand der ersten Aussparung 17' zu der Längssachse 14 des Trägerelementes 13 ist größer bemessen als der Abstand der zweiten Aussparung 17". Im Wesentlichen entspricht der Abstand der ersten und zweiten Aussparung 17' und 17" dem Abstand, den die zweite und dritte Stufe 5' und 5" der Ladevorrichtung 1 bezogen auf die Längsachse 3 des Kernes 2 aufweist. Die Aussparungen 17' und 17" sind als L-förmige Innenwand 18 ausgestaltet und der Kontur der Stufen 5' und 5" nachempfunden.The receiving
Die erste Stufe 5 dient als Abschirmansatz 8, durch den das sich ausbildende Magnetfeld 32 definiert strukturiert abgelenkt ist.The
Der ersten und zweiten Aussparung 17' und 17" ist jeweils eine Spule 16, die aus einer Drahtwicklung 15 hergestellt ist, zugeordnet. Die Spulen 16 sind durch die elektrische Leitung 27 mit dem Akkumulator 12 verbunden.Each of the first and
Das Trägerelement 13 und die Spulen 16 der Empfangsstation 11 sind durch ein Gehäuse 34 nach außen isoliert, das aus einem dünnwandigen Kunststoffwerkstoff gefertigt ist und somit eine isolierende Wirkung aufweist. Das Magnetfeld 32 durchdringt jedoch das Gehäuse 34 ohne abgelenkt zu werden.The
In dem Boden des Trägerelementes 13 ist eine Durchgangsöffnung 19 eingearbeitet, deren Symmetrieachse fluchtend zu der Längsachse 14 verläuft und durch die elektrische Zuleitung hindurch laufen.In the bottom of the
In
Die Spule 7 der ersten Stufe 5' und die Spule 16 der ersten Aussparung 17' sind paarweise fluchtend induktiv zusammengeschaltet und verlaufen demnach in einer gemeinsamen Ebene 1. Die Spule 7 der zweiten Stufe 5" und die Spule 16 der zweiten Aussparung 17" sind in einer weiteren Ebene 11 angeordnet, die parallel und beabstandet zu der Ebene I verläuft.The
Folglich sind zwei Paare von Spulen 7 und 16 induktiv zusammengeschaltet, so dass durch die Ansteuerung der Spulen 7 die Ladevorrichtung 1 die induktive Energieübertragung an die Spulen 16 der Empfangsstation 11 bewerkstelligt ist.Consequently, two pairs of
In Abhängigkeit von der Paareanzahl der Spulen 7 und 16 erfolgt eine Übertragung, deren Energiemenge definiert bestimmbar ist.Depending on the number of pairs of
In
Aufgrund der L-förmigen und treppenförmigen Ausgestaltung jeder Stufe 5...5n ist gewährleistet, dass durch diese Stufen 5, 5' beispielsweise eine Abschirmung des Magnetfeldes 32 bewirkt ist, wenn lediglich im Bereich der dritten Stufe 5" eine induktive Energieübertragung stattfindet.Due to the L-shaped and staircase-shaped configuration of each
In
Die stufenförmige Ausgestaltung der Ladevorrichtung 1 und der Empfangsstation 11 kann beliebig erweitert werden, so dass in Abhängigkeit von der zu übertragenden Energiemenge die Anzahl der notwendigen Spulenpaare vorzusehen ist.The step-shaped configuration of the
Es ist zur Abschirmung des sich einstellenden Magnetfeldes 32 auch erforderlich, an der Außenseite des Trägerelementes 13 das Ringsegment 33 anzubringen, und zwar im Übergangsbereich zwischen dem Trägerelement 13 und dem Gehäuse 34, also unmittelbar benachbart zu dem Kern 2 der Ladevorrichtung 1. Dies bewirkt nämlich, wie dies insbesondere in
Die durch die Ladevorrichtung 1 und die Empfangsstation 11 gebildete Steckvorrichtung ist mit der Bezugsziffer 21 gekennzeichnet. Die Ladevorrichtung 1 kann nämlich einer Ladestation, die beispielsweise an einer Gebäudefassade ortsfest angebracht ist, zugeordnet sein, wohingegen die Empfangsstation an einem mobilen Fahrzeug, beispielsweise einem Elektrofahrrad oder einem Elektromotorroller, befestigt sind, so dass es nicht zwangsweise notwendig ist, dass die Ladevorrichtung 1 und die Empfangsstation 11 an einem gemeinsamen Bauteil angebracht sind. Die Steckvorrichtung 21 wird durch das Zusammenfügen der Empfangsstation 11 an der Ladevorrichtung 1 geschaffen.The plug-in device formed by the charging
Um ein unbeabsichtigtes Lösen der Empfangsstation 11 von der Ladevorrichtung 1 zu vermeiden, ist ein Rastbügel oder ein Rasthaken vorzusehen, der an der Empfangsstation 11 klappbar angebracht ist und der an dem Kern 2 oder an dem Gehäuse 31 der Ladevorrichtung 1 einklippsbar ist. Folglich ist dann die Empfangsstation 11 an der Ladevorrichtung 1 fixiert.In order to avoid unintentional release of the receiving
Claims (14)
- A, charger (1) for inductive transmission of electrical energy which can be connected to a current source (10), with a core (2) manufactured from a magnetically conductive material configured in a rotationally symmetrical arrangement around a longitudinal axis (3) or with the outer contour (4) in relation to the longitudinal axis (3) at a constant or linearly increasing distance from a plane (22, 23, 24) aligned at right angles to the longitudinal axis (3), with a wire (6) wound around the core (2) and forming a coil (7) in which case the wire (6) is made from an electrically conductive material through which current flows in the charged condition and a magnetic field (32) is formed, and with a housing (31) made from an electrically insulating material by means of which the core (2) and the coil (7) are covered towards the outside,
characterised in that,
the core (2) is formed from at least two stages (5, 5", ... 5n), that the outer contour of the first stage (5') is located at a longer distance from the longitudinal axis (3) of the core (2) than the outer contour of the second stage (5") and that the coil (7) is allocated to the second stage (5"). - The charger in accordance with Claim 1,
characterised in that
at least one third stage (5"') is worked onto the core (2), that the third and
each further stage (5"' ... 5n) each has a coil (7) assigned to it, which are electrical isolated from one another or can be connected together, and that the housing (31) encloses the first and each further stage (5' ... 5n) and the coils (7). - The charger in accordance with Claim 2,
characterised in that
the stages (5'... 5n) that are adjacent to one another are arranged in a step-shaped cross-section. - The charger in accordance with one of the aforementioned claims,
characterised in that
each of the stages (5, ... 5n) of the core (2) has an L-shaped outer contour as its cross section and that each of the coils (7) is in contact with the L-shaped outer contour of the corresponding stage (5, ... 5n). - The charger in accordance with one of the aforementioned claims,
characterised in that
a ring segment (33) made of copper is attached to the outer contour of the stage (5) that is at the farthest distance from the longitudinal axis and that the magnetic field (32) formed by each coil (7) is deflected by the ring segment (33) in such a way that the magnetic field (32) propagates in a predetermined three-dimensionally structured configuration in relation to the charger (1). - The charger in accordance with one of the aforementioned claims,
characterised in that
the charger (1) is provided as a coupling element and that a reception station (11) adapted in whole or in part to the outer contour of the charger (1) can be placed on the coupling element. - A receiving station (11) that can be electrically connected to at least one battery (12), consisting of a carrier element (13) made from a magnetically conductive material and with an opening (17) worked into it, of a wound wire (15) forming a coil (16), the material of the wound wire (15) being electrically conductive and suitable for inductive transmission of electrical energy, and which is arranged on the inner wall (18) of the opening (17) that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis (14) of the carrier element (15),
characterised in that
the inner wall (18) of the opening (17) facing the coil (16) has an L-shaped cross section and that the receiving station (11) is used as a coupling element. - The receiving station in accordance with Claim 7,
characterised in that
the inner wall (18) of the opening (17) and the outside of the carrier element (13) are covered by a housing (34) made from an electrical insulating material. - The receiving station in accordance with Claim 7 or 8,
characterised in that
the carrier element (13) has at least two differently sized openings (17'...17n) running in two planes (22, 23, 24) that are parallel to one another and at right angles to the longitudinal axis (14) of the carrier element (13), and that the distance of the inner wall (18) of the openings (17'...17n) in relation to the longitudinal axis (14) of the carrier element (13) is configured larger from the inside to the outside. - The receiving station in accordance with Claim 9,
characterised in that
the openings (17'...17n) are configured in a rotationally symmetrical or polygonal arrangement in relation to the longitudinal axis (14) of the carrier element (13). - The receiving station in accordance with Claim 9 or 10,
characterised in that
each opening (17'...17n) has a coil (16) allocated to it, and the coils (16) can be electrically decoupled from one another or connected together. - A plug device (21) for inductive transmission of electrical energy,
characterised in that
a first core (2) serving as a coupling element and made from a magnetically conductive material is provided and can be used as the charger (1), that the outer contour (4) of the core (2) has a step-shaped configuration in relation to its longitudinal axis (3), that at least two of the stages (5'...5n) of the step-shaped charger (1) are provided with a coil (7), that a receiver (11) serving as a second coupling element is provided for connecting to the first coupling element (1), with the carrier element (13) of the receiver (11) having at least one opening (17'...17n) with a step-shaped increase in its distance from the inside to the outside in relation to the longitudinal axis (14) of the carrier element (13) in such a way that the inner contour of the receiver (11) is wholly or in part adapted to the outer contour of the charger (1), that each opening (17'...17n) has a coil (16) allocated to it and that the coils (7, 16) of the first and the second coupling element (1, 11) when installed as connected together flush in pairs in such a way that the pairs of coils (7, 16) are allocated to a common or separate magnetic field (32) for inductive energy transmission. - The plug device in accordance with Claim 12,
characterised in that
an angled contact surface (25) is worked in between two pairs of coils (7, 16) on the core (2) and the carrier element (13), the profile of which contact surface (25) is adapted in such a way that it forms a shoulder falling away towards the outside in relation to the longitudinal axis (3) of the core (2) and of the carrier element (13), preferably at an angle of 45°. - The plug device in accordance with Claim 12 or 13,
characterised in that
a charger (1) in accordance with one of the Claims 1 to 7 is provided as the first coupling element and a receiver in accordance with one of the Claims 8 to 12 is provided as the second coupling element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20100190214 EP2450921B1 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2010-11-05 | Charger, receiving station and plug device for inductive transmission of electrical energy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20100190214 EP2450921B1 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2010-11-05 | Charger, receiving station and plug device for inductive transmission of electrical energy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2450921A1 EP2450921A1 (en) | 2012-05-09 |
| EP2450921B1 true EP2450921B1 (en) | 2012-09-26 |
Family
ID=43797574
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20100190214 Active EP2450921B1 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2010-11-05 | Charger, receiving station and plug device for inductive transmission of electrical energy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2450921B1 (en) |
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| US8971072B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2015-03-03 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Electromagnetic connector for an industrial control system |
| US9191203B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2015-11-17 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Secure industrial control system |
| US8862802B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2014-10-14 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Switch fabric having a serial communications interface and a parallel communications interface |
| US12061685B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2024-08-13 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Image capture devices for a secure industrial control system |
| US9600434B1 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2017-03-21 | Bedrock Automation Platforms, Inc. | Switch fabric having a serial communications interface and a parallel communications interface |
| US11314854B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2022-04-26 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Image capture devices for a secure industrial control system |
| US9727511B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2017-08-08 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Input/output module with multi-channel switching capability |
| US10834094B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2020-11-10 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Operator action authentication in an industrial control system |
| US10834820B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2020-11-10 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Industrial control system cable |
| US9437967B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2016-09-06 | Bedrock Automation Platforms, Inc. | Electromagnetic connector for an industrial control system |
| US11967839B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2024-04-23 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Electromagnetic connector for an industrial control system |
| US8868813B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2014-10-21 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Communications control system with a serial communications interface and a parallel communications interface |
| US11144630B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2021-10-12 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Image capture devices for a secure industrial control system |
| US9467297B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2016-10-11 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Industrial control system redundant communications/control modules authentication |
| NO335540B1 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-12-29 | Blue Logic As | Device for inductive transmission of electrical energy |
| JP6584758B2 (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2019-10-02 | ベドロック・オートメーション・プラットフォームズ・インコーポレーテッド | Electromagnetic connector |
| US10613567B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2020-04-07 | Bedrock Automation Platforms Inc. | Secure power supply for an industrial control system |
| CN105281061A (en) | 2014-07-07 | 2016-01-27 | 基岩自动化平台公司 | Industrial control system cable |
| DE102014216783B4 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2017-02-16 | Leoni Kabel Holding Gmbh | Connector and connector for such |
| US9984815B2 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | Eaton Capital Unlimited Company | Wireless power transfer apparatus and power supplies including overlapping magnetic cores |
| US10116144B2 (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2018-10-30 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Wireless power transfer apparatus using enclosures with enhanced magnetic features and methods of fabricating the same |
| US20170179728A1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-22 | Keqin Jiang | Electromagnetic induction apparatus for power transfer |
| US10086713B2 (en) | 2016-06-23 | 2018-10-02 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Wireless power transfer for integrated cycle drive systems |
| EP3734625B1 (en) * | 2019-05-03 | 2024-01-03 | Tdk Taiwan Corp. | Coil module |
| US11990766B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2024-05-21 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Wireless power transfer apparatus with radially arrayed magnetic structures |
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| FR2154364B1 (en) * | 1971-10-01 | 1975-06-06 | Snecma | |
| DE19621003A1 (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1997-11-27 | Vogt Electronic Ag | Two part connector for contactless energy and data transfer |
| DE19743860C1 (en) | 1997-10-04 | 1999-04-08 | Braun Ag | System esp. charge part for accumulator for inductive transmission of electric power |
| US6268785B1 (en) | 1998-12-22 | 2001-07-31 | Raytheon Company | Apparatus and method for transferring energy across a connectorless interface |
| JP2007130033A (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-31 | Sharp Corp | Ring sensor power supply system |
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- 2010-11-05 EP EP20100190214 patent/EP2450921B1/en active Active
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2450921A1 (en) | 2012-05-09 |
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