EP2439350B1 - Shuttering element - Google Patents

Description

The following invention relates to a formwork element according to the preamble of claim 1.

Corresponding formwork elements are known from the prior art. In particular, shuttering elements have become known recently, which are made of a thermally insulating material. The formwork elements of a so-called "lost" formwork remain in their formwork position after curing of the cast concrete. In formwork elements made of a thermally insulating material, these act against heat losses that are radiated from the concrete. Thus, the shuttering elements do not subsequently replace the cast concrete floor plate, the formwork elements are often provided with an uneven surface, so that the cast concrete connects better with the surface of the formwork elements. Subsequent detachment of the formwork elements from the front side of the finished cast floor slab is considerably more difficult. A generic formwork element is from the Scriptures DE 92 18 719.6 known. The formwork element is formed in two parts, a shuttering foot engages under the concrete floor to be created partially. Further examples of formwork elements can be found in the publications GB 2 361 943 A and WO 01/96671 A1 ,

If the base plate after curing of the cast concrete is to serve as a base for a masonry to be built, must be one before Seal to be made against any moisture penetrating. Compared with the masonry standing up on the base plate, the seal must be made both against moisture penetrating into the base plate from below as well as from the side.

In the known formwork elements, the seal has been made in such a way that the sealing material such as a tar paper laid on the edge region of the bottom plate and rolled over the top of the formwork element with an overlap and the overlap has then been placed on the side surface of the formwork element. The horizontally over the bottom plate and the surface of the formwork element rolled geomembrane should seal the bottom plate against rising from below moisture, while the overlapping on the lateral end face of the formwork element launched part of the geomembrane is to seal against the moisture penetrating laterally. However, this approach to seal the transition from a thermally insulated bottom plate to an upright masonry overlooks the fact that the insulating material of a formwork element is impermeable to sideways moisture, but rise up between the facing end faces of the bottom plate and the formwork element moisture and laterally into the Bottom plate can penetrate. The over the top of the formwork element drawn on the outwardly facing end face sealing sheet proves to be unsuitable to protect the bottom plate against the lateral penetration of moisture.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a bottom plate edge formwork which allows a better sealing of the bottom plate against laterally penetrating moisture.

The object is achieved for a generic formwork element by the characterizing features of claim 1.

The upper component can be connected to the lower component again after removal, but with a lateral offset to the upper part of the front side of the cast base plate by rotation of the upper component about an axis and / or the use of laterally offset fasteners. The lateral offset is required because the geomembrane rests after its attachment on the front side of the bottom plate and protrudes to the extent of its thickness, so that the upper component is no longer installed in exactly the original formwork position. In order not to damage the applied geomembrane, it is rather necessary to arrange the upper component offset by a lateral dimension from the end face of the bottom plate, which corresponds at least to the thickness of the geomembrane. Of course, it is also possible to provide a distance which is greater than the thickness of the geomembrane. Due to the two- or multi-part design of the formwork element, the end face of the cast floor slab is accessible in order to be able to place a geomembrane over the casting edge of the floor slab into the area of the end face of the floor slab. Thus, the geomembrane can rest directly on the front side of the bottom plate. The lower part of the split Shuttering element can remain firmly connected to the front side of the bottom plate. Although moisture could penetrate laterally into the concrete of the floor slab between the mutually facing end faces of the shuttering element and the floor slab in this area, since the floor slab is laterally perfectly and directly sealed at least over the upper part of its height, a considerable improvement results the side insulation against moisture penetration.

When creating the dividing line, very different solutions are possible. This makes it possible to separate at least two components from each other by means of a horizontal dividing line. With such a solution, the end face of the bottom plate which becomes free as a result of the removal of the upper component is then very easily accessible. However, there are also diagonally or stepped running dividing lines possible, or the dividing line is designed so that only a wedge or a kind of plank can be found between the upper end of the formwork element and the lateral end face of the bottom plate, the shuttering element but also after removal of the second component in the form of a plank or a wedge retains the original height. The distinction between the "upper" and "lower" component is therefore not to be understood as a definition of only two components or strictly in the literal sense, but means the distinction between a lower component, which is to remain in its installed position, and another component, which should clear the upper part of the end face of the bottom plate after its removal. This can also be achieved with more than two components, depending on how many dividing lines are provided in the formwork element.

The detachable connection of the at least two components with each other can be realized in different ways. For example, a screw is possible to be screwed in the insulation dowels in the material of the formwork element in order to produce a screwing of the two components together via the insulation dowels. Instead of using the insulating dowels, it is also possible to extrude a strip of a screwable material in one or more of the components, over which then a screw connection can be produced. For the preparation of the screw blind holes can be provided in the components through which the screws are better screwed. Also, a fixation by positive engagement or frictional engagement, by which the upper component is held in position to fill the formwork function to the setting of the concrete, constitutes a releasable connection in the context of this invention.

The connection between the various components can also be provided via tongue and groove connections, optionally with a dovetail cross-sectional shape or with undercuts. Also possible Velcro fasteners, buckles or clip closures, or it can be used connecting pins that can be inserted into prepared recesses in the components.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the lower component on the formwork side on an uneven surface. The uneven surface may be off a corrugation, waffle or roughening or a rough coating has been applied to the component over which a permanent connection of the component results with the cast concrete. The uneven surface of the lower component on the formwork side results in a durable loadable mechanical connection with the concrete, by which a simple detachment of the component from the front side of the bottom plate is avoided.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper component on the formwork side on a smooth surface. Due to the smooth surface, it is easier to detach the upper component after curing of the concrete from the front side of the bottom plate and to remove the component to then make the sealing of the bottom plate. The separability can be promoted by a separate release agent such as an oil film or the like.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least the lower component made of a thermally insulating material, in particular extruded polystyrene. The use of this material for the lower component ensures that this component has sufficient thermal insulation properties. This is important as the bottom component will always remain permanently in the original formwork position. This is not absolutely necessary for the upper component. The upper component initially serves only the purpose of enabling a shuttering of the bottom plate during concreting. Since the upper component is removed after curing of the concrete to then hang up the seal on the bottom plate, the upper component does not necessarily have from a heat insulating material such as extruded polystyrene. For example, a simple plastic angle profile, which is screwed onto the lower component, could also be used as the upper component. The plastic strip could be recycled after its removal from the bottom component.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper component after removal is again connectable to the lower component, but with a lateral offset to the upper part of the front side of the cast base plate by a rotation of the upper member about an axis and / or the use of laterally offset fasteners. The lateral offset is required because the geomembrane rests after its attachment on the front side of the bottom plate and protrudes to the extent of its thickness, so that the upper component is no longer installed in exactly the original formwork position. In order not to damage the applied geomembrane, it is rather necessary to arrange the upper component offset by a lateral dimension from the end face of the bottom plate, which corresponds at least to the thickness of the geomembrane. Of course, it is also possible to provide a distance which is greater than the thickness of the geomembrane.

The cross-sectional shape of the upper component can be designed so that inevitably sets the lateral offset by the rotation about an axis. However, the offset can also be produced by laterally mutually offset connecting elements are used for connecting the upper and lower components, through which a relative to the original formwork position laterally offset mounting of the upper component after its removal is possible.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least partially the same connecting elements are used for the connection of the upper and the lower component, with which the components were connected prior to their separation. Thus, it can be provided that for the subsequent renewed connection of the upper and lower components with each other the same insulation dowels are used to produce a screw, through which the components have already been connected to produce the formwork.

It is expressly understood that the individual features of the embodiments of the invention described above, each with the embodiment according to the main claim are combined with each other as desired.

Further modifications and embodiments of the invention can be taken from the following description and the drawings.

Fig. 1:

ein Schalungselement in einer Seitenansicht,

Fig. 2:

das Schalungselement aus Fig. 1 mit entferntem oberen Bauteil,

Fig. 3:

das Schalungselement aus Fig. 1 mit zusätzlichem Mauerwerk,

Fig. 4:

eine alternative Ausgestaltung eines Schalungselementes,

Fig. 5:

das Schalungselement aus Fig. 4 mit montierter Dichtung,

Fig. 6:

eine alternative Ausgestaltung des Schalungselemente,

Fig. 7:

ein Schalungselement mit asymmetrischem Querschnitt,

Fig. 8:

ein nicht erfindungsgemäßes Schalungselement,

Fig. 9 und 10:

ein nicht erfindungsgemäßes dreiteiliges Schalungselement.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Seitenansicht auf ein Schalungselement 2 gezeigt, das auf eine Bodenisolierung 4 aufgesetzt ist. Die Bodenisolierung kann ebenfalls aus einem wärmedämmenden Material bestehen. Auf die Bodenisolierung 4 ist bereits die Bodenplatte 6 aus Beton aufgegossen. Seitlich wird der flüssige Beton vom Schalungselement 2 gehalten.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel besteht das Schalungselement 2 aus einem unteren Bauteil 8 und einem oberen Bauteil 10. Zwischen den beiden Bauteilen verläuft eine Trennlinie 12, die im Ausführungsbeispiel gestuft ausgeführt ist. Die beiden Bauteile 8, 10 sind durch ein in Fig. 1 nicht näher dargestelltes Verbindungselement miteinander verbunden. Durch die Trennlinie 12 können das untere Bauteil 8 und das obere Bauteil 10 zerstörungsfrei voneinander getrennt werden. Die Verbindung zwischen dem unteren und oberen Bauteil 8, 10 muss ausreichend kräftig sein, um mit dem oberen Bauteil 10 den Druck der angegossenen Bodenplatte 6 stand zu halten.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1:

a formwork element in a side view,

Fig. 2:

the formwork element Fig. 1 with the upper component removed,

3:

the formwork element Fig. 1 with additional masonry,

4:

an alternative embodiment of a formwork element,

Fig. 5:

the formwork element Fig. 4 with mounted seal,

Fig. 6:

an alternative embodiment of the formwork elements,

Fig. 7:

a formwork element with asymmetrical cross section,

Fig. 8:

a non-inventive formwork element,

FIGS. 9 and 10:

a non-inventive three-part formwork element.

In Fig. 1 a side view of a formwork element 2 is shown, which is placed on a floor insulation 4. The floor insulation can also consist of a thermally insulating material. On the bottom insulation 4, the bottom plate 6 is already poured from concrete. Laterally, the liquid concrete is held by the formwork element 2.
In the exemplary embodiment, the formwork element 2 consists of a lower component 8 and an upper component 10. Between the two components extends a parting line 12, which is designed to be stepped in the embodiment. The two components 8, 10 are characterized by a in Fig. 1 not shown in detail connecting element connected together. Through the dividing line 12, the lower component 8 and the upper component 10 are separated from each other nondestructively. The connection between the lower and upper component 8, 10 must be strong enough to with the upper component 10 to withstand the pressure of the molded base plate 6.

In Fig. 2 is the embodiment of Fig. 1 shown in the next processing stage. In the illustration it can be seen that the upper component 10 has been removed along the parting line 12 as part of the formwork element. At the point at which the bottom plate 6 facing end face of the upper member 10 was in engagement with the side end wall of the bottom plate 6, a seal 14 is now placed over the bottom plate 6. The seal 14 extends not only in the horizontal direction on the surface of the bottom plate 6, but where there was previously the upper member 10, the seal 14 has been folded down around the concrete edge, thereby forming part of the front side of the bottom plate 6 seal. The lower component 8 is unchanged in the formwork position.

From the illustration in Fig. 2 It can be seen that the bottom left corner of the bottom plate 6 is well protected by the downwardly drawn seal 14 against moisture penetrating from the side.

One possibility for the further construction of the masonry and the thermal insulation is in Fig. 3 shown. The masonry 16 has been bricked up on the seal 14. To the side is now the upper component 10 by the dimension V been laterally offset. In addition, the upper member 10 has been rotated by 180 ° about its longitudinal axis to be placed on the step formed by the parting line 12.

Although the lateral offset by the dimension V between the upper member 10 and arranged in this area surface of the seal 14, a cavity, this is for the construction, however, uncritical, since the protected base plate 6 made of concrete in this area now the pulled-down seal 14 is protected. For example, a thermal insulation 18 or a facing brickwork could then be placed on the upper component 10.

Instead of in the Fig. 1 to 3 Any other type of dividing line can be used as well. The in the Fig. 1 to 3 shown stepped dividing line is to be understood only as one of many possible examples. The dividing line can be arranged both higher and lower, depending on how deep the seal 14 is to be lowered.

In Fig. 4 a modified design of the formwork element 2 is shown, in this embodiment, the dividing line 12 is configured horizontally and is located approximately in the middle of the total height of the formwork element 2. The lower component 8 is connected to the upper component 10 via a screw 26, which by a in Upper part 10 located sink hole 20 is first screwed into a bar 22 and from there into the located in the lower part 8 dowels 24 has been driven. In the lower component 8 there are two laterally offset dowels 24. As long as the concrete of the bottom plate 6 is not cured, form the two components 8, 10 to the bottom plate 6 toward a vertical support surface against the poured concrete. After hardening of the concrete, this is no longer necessary. Accordingly, in Fig. 5 shown the upper member 10 with a lateral offset to the lower component 8, which has become necessary by the application of the seal 14 on the lateral end face of the bottom plate 6. The in Fig. 5 visible lateral offset V corresponds approximately to the thickness of the seal 14. In order to connect the upper member 10 after the application of the seal 14 with the lower component, located in the lower component 8 at least two laterally offset dowels 24, wherein the outer lying of the two dowels 24 can serve after the application of the seal 14 to re-establish a connection of the two components 8, 10 in cooperation with the screw 26. The screw 26 is easily accessible through the countersunk hole 20. A processor can quickly release the connection between the lower and the upper component 8, 10 and restore it just as quickly by screwing the screw 26 out or back into the dowel 24 with the appropriate lateral offset.

In Fig. 6 an alternative embodiment of the formwork element 2 is shown. The formwork element 2 consists of the lower component 8, which is made of a thermally insulating material, as well as from the attached thereon angle section 32, which forms a lateral support for the cast-in concrete of the bottom plate 6 with its upstanding legs. If the concrete of the bottom plate 6 sufficiently cured, the screw 26 can be solved and the angle section 32 of lower component 8 are removed. The upper end face of the bottom plate 6 is then easily accessible to fix a seal 14 thereon, as shown in FIG Fig. 2 is shown as an exemplary embodiment. The angle profile 32 preferably has on the frontal surface to the bottom plate 6 a smooth contour, since thereby the removal and separation of the bottom plate 6 is simplified. On the other hand, the lower component 8 can have a rough surface on its front side since, according to the invention, it would not have to be removed from the installed position. After the application of the seal 14, the space that has become free, which has previously occupied the angle profile 32, can be used in a different way. The angle profile 32 can be recycled.

In Fig. 7 an embodiment of a formwork element 2 is shown, via which the upper component 10 on the top and bottom springs 28, which can be inserted into a groove in the lower component. In the in Fig. 7 drawn position of the upper member 10 results in a bottom plate 6 directed continuous surface, which is well suited to support the einzugießenden concrete and to form smooth on the front page. When the concrete of the bottom plate 6 has sufficiently hardened, the top member 10 can be removed to in turn apply the seal 14 to the side end wall of the bottom plate 6. In order then to position the upper component 10 with a sufficient distance from the seal 14 on the lower component 8, the upward facing in the embodiment of the spring 28 relative to the lower spring 28 is slightly laterally offset. If the upper component 10 is rotated by 180 ° about the axis of rotation 30, a lateral offset results, in turn, between the lower and upper component 8, 10, through which the upper component 10 maintains a sufficient distance to the lateral end face of the base plate 6 in order to still be able to accommodate the path of the seal 14 therein.

In Fig. 8 is a non-inventive embodiment of the formwork element 2 is shown. In this example, the upper edge of the lower component 8 extends into the region of the upper edge of the upper component 10, so that both components in their installed position terminate at the same upper level. The two components are connected by a screw 26. After loosening the screw 26, the upper component 10 can be removed from the top of its installed position. After removal of the upper component 10 in Fig. 8 the lateral end face of the finished cast base plate 6 can be reached in order to attach a seal 14 there. After that in Fig. 8 shown upper element 10 has been removed, it may not be necessary to return the upper member 10 back to its original position. In the illustrated embodiment of the formwork element 2, it may also be sufficient to leave the space left free from the upper component 10 and not to refill with a component.
This in Fig. 9 Shuttering element 2 shown consists of three parts, namely the lower component 8 and two upper components 10a, 10b. Here it is similar to the one in Fig. 8 shown shuttering element 2 possible to remove the two upper components 10a, 10b after curing of the concrete of the bottom plate 6 upwards. The two components 10a, 10b are non-positively and positively in their Mounting position held as long as the concrete of the bottom plate presses against these components. After the two components 10a, 10b have been pulled upwards, the seal 14 can be mounted on the end face of the bottom plate 6. Due to the three-part nature of the formwork element, only the upper component 10a or 10b can be adjusted into the free space after the attachment of the seal 14 in order to leave enough space for the thickness of the seal 14. It is also possible to use more than two upper components 10a, 10b, and the upper components 10a to 10n may also have different thicknesses.

The embodiments described above are only illustrative of the invention. It is not difficult for the person skilled in the art to adapt the exemplary embodiments to a specific application case using the expertise available to him in a manner which he considers suitable.

Claims (5)

1. Shuttering element (2) for producing a lost base plate edge shuttering, made of a heat insulating material, the shuttering element (2) being assembled from at least two detachably interconnected components (8, 10), and the dividing line (12) between the two components (8, 10) being positioned such that, when the upper component (10) has been removed from the lower component (8), the upper portion of the front face of the cast base plate (6) is accessible, characterised in that the upper component (10), after removal thereof, can be reconnected to the lower component (8), but so as to have a lateral offset (V) from the upper portion of the front face of the cast base plate (6), by rotating the upper component (10) about an axis (30) and/or by using laterally offset connecting elements, the upper component (10) being able to be arranged so as to be offset from the front face of the cast base plate (6) by a lateral distance corresponding at least to the thickness of a sealing membrane (14).
2. Shuttering element according to claim 1, characterised in that the lower component (8) has an uneven surface on the shuttering side.
3. Shuttering element according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the upper component (10) has a smooth surface on the shuttering side.
4. Shuttering elements according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least the lower component (8) is produced from a heat insulating material, in particular extruded polystyrene.
5. Shuttering element according to claim 1, characterised in that at least in part the same connecting elements can be used for the connection between the upper and the lower component (8, 10) as were used to connect the components (8, 10) before the separation thereof.

Images