EP2429062A2 - Electrical generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The generator has two capacitive windings (2, 3) wound on a magnetic core (1). A magnetic filed of the cores is mutually orientated in half period of oscillating current with magnetic polarities. A magnetic saturation in the magnetic core is simultaneously oscillated with current frequency, and magnetic flux flow from an exciter coil (16) into variable flux-density course by an induction coil (17) that is wound at another magnetic core (15) and an induction coil-electric current is induced in the induction coil. The magnetic cores are connected perpendicular to each other.

Description

The invention relates to an electric generator which is operated with variable magnetic saturation and consists of two magnetic cores. At the first magnetic core, two coils of capacitive windings are arranged so that at each half period of the pulsating current, the magnetic poles act against each other with the same polarity. At the first magnetic core, at least a second magnetic core is vertically fixed by an air gap on which an induction coil and an exciting coil are wound. The excitation coil is energized with magnetizing current and thus a magnetic circuit in the magnetic core is closed. In the induction coil voltage is induced. This happens when the exciter field varies in time with saturation. Fluctuations in the flux density in the first magnetic core are proportional to the frequency of the current in the capacitive winding.

It is not known in the prior art that an electric generator with variable magnetic saturation is operated. It is known in a wide field of the art that magnetic saturation is used in a control or saturable reactor. In this application, the control throttle has no features that are comparable to the features of the invention.

The invention has for its object to provide a high-power electrical generator, which is operated without an air gap in the magnetic circuit and with an enormously high efficiency at high frequency.

The solution of this object is achieved according to the invention by characterizing features of the first claim. According to the invention, an electrical generator is provided in which electrical current is induced at least in a closed magnetic circuit by variable magnetic saturation and in an induction coil according to the law of induction.

According to the present invention, the most important unit is the capacitive winding wound on the first magnetic core. The said capacitive winding is in the DE-OS 10 2008 032 666 A1 as well as in the WO 2010/003394 A2 described in detail.

wo
U = Spannung an den Kondensatoren 4, 5, 6, 7
Π = Ludolfsche Zahl
f = Frequenz der Spannung
c = Gesamtkapazität von Kondensator 4,5 oder 6, 7At least two coils of this capacitive winding are connected in the electrical circuit so that in each half period of the oscillating current whose magnetic field is oriented with similar poles against each other. Especially this circuit is the most important novelty of the present invention. In such a circuit, only reactive current flows through the capacitive winding whose highest value is defined by equation [1] $$\mathrm{I}\mathrm{=}\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U"\; filenames="imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}\left(\mathrm{2}\mathrm{\Pi }\mathrm{\cdot }\mathrm{f}\mathrm{\cdot }\mathrm{c}\right)$$

Where
U = voltage across the capacitors 4, 5, 6, 7
Π = Ludolf's number
f = frequency of the voltage
c = total capacity of capacitor 4,5 or 6, 7

Despite such a circuit and orientation of the magnetic flux no short-circuit current takes place in both capacitive windings. By means of the capacitive winding and the capacity of the capacitors can be reached arbitrarily high electric current, with which the magnetic saturation is determined. The coils made with the capacitive winding can be wound with a high number of turns and yet their self-induction is almost zero.

No heat is generated in the capacitive winding.

The invention is explained below with reference to embodiments with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1

einen erfindungsgemäßen Ringbandkern mit kapazitiver Wicklung, die an einer oszillierenden Stromquelle angeschlossen ist und am zweiten Ringbandkern eine Erregerspule und eine Induktionsspule.

Fig. 2

eine dreidimensionale Struktur im Teil von zwei zueinander senkrecht befestigten magnetischen Kernen.

Fig. 3

einen Ringbandkern mit zwei kapazitiven Wicklungen, die an einer oszillierenden Stromquelle angeschlossen sind und eine Erregerspule, die an einer Gleichstromquelle angeschlossen ist und eine Induktionsspule.

It shows

Fig. 1

a toroidal core according to the invention with capacitive winding, which is connected to an oscillating current source and the second toroidal core an exciter coil and an induction coil.

Fig. 2

a three-dimensional structure in the part of two mutually perpendicular magnetic cores.

Fig. 3

a toroidal core having two capacitive windings connected to an oscillating current source and an exciter coil connected to a DC source and an induction coil.

According to the invention, several types of electrical generator are technically feasible and all have economic significance.

The novel electric generator is in the first design in Fig. 1 illustrated. Fig. 1 shows two magnetic cores of soft magnetic material, which are shown as toroidal cores. At the first magnetic core 1, two capacitive windings 2, 3 are wound and their capacitors 4, 5 and 6.7 are according to WO 2010/003394 A2 connected to a double conductor. Capacitive winding 2 is connected through terminals 8 and 9 to main line 10, 11. From AC generator 12, the capacitive winding 2 is energized. Capacitive winding 3 is connected by connections 13, 14 to main line 10, 11. The capacitive winding 2 is connected in parallel or in series with the capacitive winding 3 so that their resulting magnetic fields always act with the same magnetic polarity against each other. Furthermore, in Fig. 1 a second magnetic core 15 is illustrated, on which an excitation coil 16 and an induction coil 17 are wound. The excitation coil 16 is energized by DC power source 18, whereby in the magnetic core 15, an exciter field is generated.

In the magnetic core 15, an air gap 19 is worked out by which the two magnetic cores 1 and 15 are mechanically connected together.

Fig. 1 shows a two-dimensional picture. The two magnetic cores 1 and 15 are in reality three-dimensionally constructed and therefore the magnetic core 15 is rotated 90 ° forward and pushed through the air gap 19 onto the magnetic core. The graph 20 shows the horizontal position of the magnetic core 15.

Fig. 2 3 illustrates in three dimensions that the two magnetic cores 1, 15 are vertically connected to each other through the air gap. In order to prevent any eddy currents, the bands 21 are arranged in the magnetic core 1 and in the magnetic core 15 plane-parallel, which in Fig. 2 is illustrated.

The electric generator according to the invention is operated by means of variable magnetic saturation in the magnetic core 1. Fig. 2 shows that in area 22, where the magnetic cores 1 and 15 intersect, the largest magnetic saturation takes place. In the region 22, the permeability number of the ferromagnetic core 1 has no constant value, but the permeability number is a function of the magnetic field strength.
If the field strength H and the magnetic induction B are combined, a magnetization curve characteristic of each magnetic substance is obtained. For this reason, the magnetic substance for the magnetic core 1 and 15 is selected so that the fluctuation of the permeability in the region 22 has the largest amplitude. During any change in permeability in region 22, the magnetic flux density also changes, causing induction coil 17 in Fig. 1 electrical voltage is induced. The flux density curve in the area 22, Fig. 2 , the current frequency in windings 2 and 3 is directly proportional. The maximum voltage at the induction coil 17 is proportional to the exciting field of coil 16. The excitation coil 16 is energized with direct current from source 18.

You can replace the exciter coil 16 on the magnetic core 15 with a permanent magnet, whereby the efficiency of the electric generator is still increased.

In Fig.1 the electric generator with a magnetic core 15 is shown. The electric generator according to the invention is operated with a plurality of similar magnetic cores, all of which are fixed to the magnetic core 1 in a similar manner. Thereby, the power capacity of the electric generator is multiplied.

The second construction of the electric generator according to the invention is in Fig. 3 illustrated. The second design consists only of a magnetic core 23 and two capacitive windings 24, 25 and an excitation coil 26 and a Induction coil 27. The electrical circuit for the capacitive windings 24, 25 in Fig. 3 is the same as the electrical circuit in Fig. 1 and therefore the symbols are the same as in Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 illustrates that the excitation coil 26 is disposed on the same magnetic core 23 as the capacitive windings 24, 25 and the induction coil 27th

The electric generator according to the second embodiment is operated with so-called linear magnetic saturation in the magnetic core 23. The magnetic flux of exciting coil 26 is closed in the magnetic core 23 in parallel with the magnetic flux of the capacitive winding 24, 25. The magnetic flux of the capacitive winding 24, 25 oscillates and thus the permeability number in the magnetic core 23 oscillates. With this oscillation, the course of the flux density oscillates at the same frequency.

There are several other types of electric generator according to the invention. Depending on the technical and economic use, it is determined which type is the cheapest. The high frequency electrical generator consists of e.g. only from an open magnetic core on which all the above-mentioned windings are arranged.

The permeability of soft magnetic materials is dependent on the magnetic flux density. This dependence results from the crystal structure of those substances. Commercially, there is a wide range of different materials that can be used for the economic use of the electric generator. The electric generator described here has enormous economic value with global significance.
It can be used anywhere where electrical energy is required. A huge advantage of the electric generator according to The invention is that the generated electrical voltage in the required height and in the required frequency directly at the workplace is easy to use. Furthermore, a major advantage of the electric generator is the short circuit safety. The electric generator according to the invention is technically easy to manufacture in any size from a few watts to megawatt powers.

Claims (6)

Electric generator, characterized in that two capacitive windings (2, 3, 24, 25) wound on the magnetic core (1, 23) and their magnetic field in each half period of the oscillating current with the same magnetic polarity (N, N) and
(S, S) is oriented against each other and that the magnetic saturation in the magnetic core (1, 23) oscillates simultaneously with the current frequency and that the magnetic flux of exciting coil (16, 26) in a variable Flußdichteverlauf by the magnetic core (15 , 23) wound induction coil (17, 27) and electrical current is induced in the induction coil. Electric generator according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that at least two magnetic cores (1, 15) are perpendicularly connected to one another and at least two capacitive windings (2, 3) are wound on the first magnetic core (1) and at least one excitation coil (16) and at the second magnetic core (15) at least one induction coil (17) is wound. Electric generator according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that at least two capacitive windings (24, 25) and at least one excitation coil (26) and an induction coil (27) are wound on a magnetic core (23). Electric generator according to claim 1, 2 and 3,
characterized,
that at least one segment of a permanent magnet is inserted on the magnetic core (15, 23) instead of the exciter coil (16, 26). Electric generator according to claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
in that the magnetic core (1, 15, 23) for the high operating frequency and for the high saturation magnetic flux density and for the high amplitudes consists of soft ferrite selected according to the crystal structure. Electric generator according to claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the waveform of the induced voltage is determined by the crystal structure of soft magnetic materials.

Images