Classifications

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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
  • C10M169/041—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being macromolecular compounds only
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
  • C10M171/02—Specified values of viscosity or viscosity index
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
  • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/022—Ethene
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  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
  • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
  • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
  • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
  • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
  • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
  • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
  • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
  • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
  • C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/135—Steam engines or turbines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a lubricating composition
• a lubricating composition comprising a base oil, in particular a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils in lubricating compositions such as engine oils, transmission fluids, and industrial lubricants results in various performance benefits.
• performance benefits by the use of Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils mentioned in the above article are: improved oxidation properties, improved engine cleanliness, improved wear protection, improved emissions and improved aftertreatment device compatibility.
• the Fischer-Tropsch base oils allow to formulate low-viscosity energy conserving formulations.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils may be used as carrier oils for additive concentrates.
• WO 2009/074572 discloses the use of a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil, in combination with an alkylated aromatic component such as an alkylated naphthalene, for use as a carrier oil for a viscosity modifier.
• sulphur-containing additives such as zinc dithiophosphate compounds selected from zinc dialkyl-, diaryl- and/or alkylaryl- dithiophosphates, molybdenum-containing compounds, boron-containing compounds and ashless anti-wear additives such as substituted or unsubstituted thiophosphoric acids, and salts thereof, to improve anti-wear properties and extreme-pressure performance of a lubricating composition.
• Such lubricating compositions comprise a viscosity index improver(s) to raise the viscosity index.
• a lubricating oil composition comprising:
• the lubricating compositions according to the present invention exhibit improved anti-wear and extreme-pressure properties.
• the base oil used in lubricating composition according to the present invention is selected from a Group III base oil, a polyalphaolefin and mixtures thereof.
• the base oil used in the present invention may conveniently comprise mixtures of one or more Group III base oils and/or polyalphaolefins, thus, according to the present invention, the term "base oil” may refer to a mixture containing more than one base oil.
• Suitable base oils for use in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention are Group III mineral base oils, Group IV poly-alpha olefins (PAOs), Group III Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils and mixtures thereof.
• Group III and “Group IV” base oils in the present invention are meant lubricating oil base oils according to the definitions of American Petroleum Institute (API) for category III and IV. These API categories are defined in API Publication 1509, 15th Edition, Appendix E, April 2002.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils are known in the art.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived is meant that a base oil is, or is derived from, a synthesis product of a Fischer-Tropsch process.
• a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil may also be referred to as a GTL (Gas-To-Liquids) base oil.
• Suitable Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils that may be conveniently used as the base oil in the lubricating composition of the present invention are those as for example disclosed in EP 0 776 959 , EP 0 668 342 , WO 97/21788 , WO 00/15736 , WO 00/14188 , WO 00/14187 , WO 00/14183 , WO 00/14179 , WO 00/08115 , WO 99/41332 , EP 1 029 029 , WO 01/18156 and WO 01/57166 .
• the aromatics content of a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil will typically be below 1 wt.%, preferably below 0.5 wt.% and more preferably below 0.1 wt.%.
• the base oil has a total paraffin content of at least 80 wt.%, preferably at least 85, more preferably at least 90, yet more preferably at least 95 and most preferably at least 99 wt.%. It suitably has a saturates content (as measured by IP-368) of greater than 98 wt.%.
• the saturates content of the base oil is greater than 99 wt.%, more preferably greater than 99.5 wt.%.
• the base oil preferably also has a content of naphthenic compounds of from 0 to less than 20 wt.%, more preferably of from 0.5 to 10 wt.%.
• the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil or base oil blend has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (as measured by ASTM D 7042) in the range of from 1 to 25 mm 2 /s (cSt), preferably from 2 mm 2 /s to 12 mm 2 /s.
• the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (as measured by ASTM D 7042) of at least 2.5 mm 2 /s more preferably at least 3.0 mm 2 /s.
• the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of at most 5.0 mm 2 /s, preferably at most 4.5 mm 2 /s, more preferably at most 4.2 mm 2 /s (e.g. "GTL 4").
• the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of at most 8.5 mm 2 /s, preferably at most 8 mm 2 /s (e.g. "GTL 8").
• the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil typically has a kinematic viscosity at 40°C (as measured by ASTM D 7042) of from 10 to 100 mm 2 /s (cSt), preferably from 15 to 50 mm 2 /s.
• the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil preferably has a pour point (as measured according to ASTM D 5950) of below -30°C, more preferably below -40°C, and most preferably below -45°C.
• the flash point (as measured by ASTM D92) of the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil is preferably greater than 120°C, more preferably even greater than 140°C.
• the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil preferably has a viscosity index (according to ASTM D 2270) in the range of from 100 to 200.
• the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a viscosity index of at least 125, preferably 130. Also it is preferred that the viscosity index is below 180, preferably below 150.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil contains a blend of two or more Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils
• the above values apply to the blend of the two or more Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils.
• the lubricating oil composition preferably comprises 80 wt% or greater of Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
• Poly-alpha olefin base oils PAOs
• Preferred poly-alpha olefin base oils that may be used in the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be derived from linear C 2 to C 32 , preferably C 6 to C 16 , alpha olefins.
• Particularly preferred feedstocks for said poly-alpha olefins are 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene and 1-tetradecene.
• the base oil as used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention comprises at least a base oil selected from the group consisting of a poly-alpha olefin base oil and a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil or a combination thereof.
• the base oil contains more than 50 wt.%, preferably more than 60 wt.%, more preferably more than 70 wt.%, even more preferably more than 80 wt.%. most preferably more than 90 wt.% Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
• not more than 5 wt.%, preferably not more than 2 wt.%, of the base oil is not a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil. It is even more preferred that 100 wt% of the base oil is based on one or more Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils.
• the base oil or base oil blend comprising the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of between 2 and 30 cSt, preferably between 2 and 10.5 cSt (according to ASTM D 445).
• the lubricating composition may comprise one or more other types of mineral derived or synthetic base oils, including Group I, II, IV and V base oils according to the definitions of American Petroleum Institute (API). These API categories are defined in API Publication 1509, 15th Edition, Appendix E, July 2009.
• the total amount of base oil incorporated in the lubricating composition of the present invention is preferably an amount in the range of from 60 to 99 wt.%, more preferably an amount in the range of from 65 to 90 wt.% and most preferably an amount in the range of from 70 to 85 wt.%, with respect to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• Viscosity modifiers also known as VI improvers, viscosity index improvers or viscosity improvers
• VI improvers also known as VI improvers, viscosity index improvers or viscosity improvers
• a viscosity modifier improves (e.g. by at least 5 units) the viscosity index (e.g. as determined by ASTM D 2270) by its incorporation in the lubricating composition.
• the lubricating composition comprises 30 wt% or less of a viscosity modifier, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• the lubricating composition comprises from 20 wt% to 30 wt% of viscosity modifier.
• the lubricating composition comprises 20 wt% or less of viscosity modifier.
• the lubricating composition is essentially free of viscosity modifier.
• the lubricating composition comprises 0 wt% of a viscosity modifier.
• viscosity index improvers examples include copolymers of alpha-olefins and dicarboxylic acid esters such as those described in US 4 931 197 .
• Commercially available copolymers of alpha-olefins and dicarboxylic acid diesters include the Ketjenlube polymer esters available from Italmatch (and previously Akzo Nobel Chemicals).
• Other suitable examples of viscosity index improvers are polyisobutylenes; commercially available polyisobutylenes include the Oloa (RTM) products available from Chevron Oronite.
• viscosity index improvers which may conveniently be used in the lubricating compositions of the present invention include the styrene-butadiene stellate copolymers, styrene-isoprene stellate copolymers and the polymethacrylate copolymers and ethylenepropylene copolymers (also known as olefin copolymers) of the crystalline and non-crystalline type.
• Suitable olefin copolymers include those commercially available from Chevron Oronite Company LLC under the trade designation "PARATONE (RTM)” (such as “PARATONE (RTM) 8921” and “PARATONE (RTM) 8941”); those commercially available from Afton Chemical Corporation under the trade designation “HiTEC (RTM)” (such as “HiTEC (RTM) 5850B”); and those commercially available from The Lubrizol Corporation under the trade designation “Lubrizol (RTM) 7067C”.
• Suitable polyisoprene polymers include those commercially available from Infineum International Limited, e.g. under the trade designation "SV200”.
• Suitable diene-styrene copolymers include those commercially available from Infineum International Limited, e.g. under the trade designation "SV 260".
• the lubricating compositions herein comprise 0.3 wt% or less of sulphur, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating compositions comprise from 0.2 wt% to 0.3 wt% of sulphur by weight of the total lubricating composition. In another embodiment of the present invention, the lubricating compositions comprises 0.2 wt% or less of sulphur by weight of the total lubricating composition.
• Suitable sulphur-containing additives include zinc dithiophosphate compounds selected from zinc dialkyl-, diaryl- and/or alkylaryl- dithiophosphates, molybdenum-containing compounds, and ashless anti-wear additives such as substituted or unsubstituted thiophosphoric acids, and salts thereof.
• ashless thiophosphates are known in the art. These compounds are metal-free organic compounds. Suitable ashless thiophosphates for use in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may include esters and/or salts of thiophosphoric acids, and substituted thiophosphoric acids. Preferably, the ashless thiophosphates are substituted by one or more hydrocarbyl groups which hydrocarbyl groups can optionally contain an acid, a hydroxy and/or an ester group.
• the hydrocarbyl moiety preferably is an alkyl group containing up to 12 carbon atoms.
• the hydrocarbyl-substituted thiophosphate preferably contains 2 or 3 hydrocarbyl groups, or is a mixture of thiophosphates containing 2 and 3 hydrocarbyl groups.
• the ashless thiophosphates can contain any number of sulphur atoms directly linked to the phosphorus atom.
• the thiophosphates are monothiophosphates and/or dithiophosphates.
• ashless thiophosphates which may be conveniently used in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention are described in EP-A-0375324 , US-A-5922657 , US-A-4333841 and US-A-5093016 and may be conveniently made according to the methods described therein.
• ashless thiophosphates examples include those available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals under the trade designations "IRGALUBE L-63" and “IRGALUBE 353" and that available from Lubrizol under the trade designation "LZ 5125".
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention comprises a phosphorus containing compound, preferably selected from the group consisting of phosphonates, phosphates, phosphites, phosphorothionates and dithiophosphates, and combinations thereof.
• a phosphorus containing compound preferably selected from the group consisting of phosphonates, phosphates, phosphites, phosphorothionates and dithiophosphates, and combinations thereof.
• Examples of commercially available dithiophosphates and phosphates are "IRGALUBE 63" and IRGALUBE 349", respectively, both available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals.
• the lubricating composition comprises one or more anti-wear additives selected from one or more zinc dithiophosphates.
• the or each zinc dithiophosphate may be selected from zinc dialkyl-, diaryl- or alkylaryl-dithiophosphates.
• zinc dithiophosphates which are commercially available include those available from Lubrizol Corporation under the trade designations "Lz 677A”, “Lz 1095”, “Lz 1097”, “Lz 1370”, “Lz 1371”, “Lz 1373” and “Lz 1395”, those available from Chevron Oronite under the trade designations "OLOA 260”, “OLOA 262”, “OLOA 267” and “OLOA 269R”, and those available from Afton Chemical under the trade designation "HITEC 7169” and "HITEC 7197".
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention has a kinematic viscosity at 40°C in the range of from 2 mm 2 /s to 220 mm 2 /s, preferably in the range of from 32 mm 2 /s to 220 mm 2 /s.
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention may further comprise one or more additives such as anti-oxidants, dispersants, detergents, extreme-pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
• additives such as anti-oxidants, dispersants, detergents, extreme-pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
• the above-mentioned additives are typically present in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to 35.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition, preferably in an amount in the range of from 0.05 to 25.0 wt.%, more preferably from 0.1 to 20.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be conveniently prepared by admixing the one or more additives with the base oil(s).
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention may be used in various applications, such as in internal combustion engines (as an engine oil), as a transmission oil, a grease, a hydraulic oil, an industrial gear oil, a turbine oil, a compressor oil, and the like.
• the present invention provides a method for improving one or more of extreme pressure and anti-wear properties, which method comprises lubricating with a lubricating composition according to the invention.
• the present invention provides the use of a lubricating composition as described herein, in order to improve one or more of extreme-pressure and anti-wear properties, in particular according to ASTM D2596.
• the lubricating oil composition of the present invention preferably provides a weld load of 150 Kg or greater, preferably 200 Kg or greater, more preferably 250Kg or greater, in the 4-ball weld load test according to ASTM D2596.
• Table 1 indicates the properties of the base oils used.
• Table 2 indicates the amounts of additives as incorporated in the respective base oils; the amounts of the additives (the remainder being base oil) are given in wt.%, based on the total weight of additive(s) plus base oil.
• Mixture 3 contains 0.1 wt% of additive A3. This means that the amount of BO in Mixture 3 will be 84.9wt% (i.e. 85wt%-0,1wt%).
• Table 2 also includes references to "Mixtures 1-56" containing a combination of two or more additives and a base oil.
• Base oil 1 was a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approximately 3.89 cSt (mm 2 s -1 ).
• Base oil 1 (and Base oil 2 below) may be conveniently manufactured by the process described in e.g. WO-A-02/070631 , the teaching of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
• Base oil 2 (or “BO2” or “GTL 8”) was a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approximately 7.62 cSt (mm 2 s -1 ).
• Base oil 3 (or “BO3”) was a commercially available Group III base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approximately 7.47 cSt.
• Base oil 3 is commercially available from e.g. SK Energy (Ulsan, South Korea) under the trade designation "Yubase 8".
• Base oil 4" (or “BO4") was a polyalphaolefin base oil (“PAO 6") having a kinematic viscosity at 40°C (ASTM D445) of approximately 31 cSt.
• Base Oil 4 is commercially available from INEOS under the trade designation "Durasyn 166 IMCD”. Table 1 Base oil 1 Base oil 2 Base oil 3 Base oil 4 (GTL 4) (GTL 8) (Yubase 8) (PAO 6) Kinematic viscosity at 40°C 1 [cSt] 16.91 43.71 44.14 31 Kinematic viscosity at 100°C 1 [cSt] 3.89 7.62 7.47 n.d.
• additives A1-A42 were used, including viscosity modifiers A17-A27:

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• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-06-14 EP EP11169873A patent/EP2395068A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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