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EP2387057B1 - Commutateur à haute tension isolé du gaz - Google Patents

Commutateur à haute tension isolé du gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2387057B1
EP2387057B1 EP10162647A EP10162647A EP2387057B1 EP 2387057 B1 EP2387057 B1 EP 2387057B1 EP 10162647 A EP10162647 A EP 10162647A EP 10162647 A EP10162647 A EP 10162647A EP 2387057 B1 EP2387057 B1 EP 2387057B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
arcing
piston
compression space
arc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10162647A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2387057A1 (fr
Inventor
Javier Mantilla
Nicola Gariboldi
Stephan Grob
Oliver Cossalter
Mathias-Dominic Buergler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP10162647A priority Critical patent/EP2387057B1/fr
Priority to US13/105,377 priority patent/US8766131B2/en
Priority to CN201110134060.9A priority patent/CN102280306B/zh
Priority to JP2011107237A priority patent/JP5174210B2/ja
Publication of EP2387057A1 publication Critical patent/EP2387057A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2387057B1 publication Critical patent/EP2387057B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H01H33/903—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc and assisting the operating mechanism

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high voltage switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Switches of the aforementioned type are designed as a circuit breaker and have a rated current carrying capacity of at least a few kA in the voltage range of more than a few kV.
  • these switches are used as a generator switch and therefore contain a loadable with high rated currents contact arrangement with two - each a rated current and an arc contact containing - switching pieces, of which a lsolierdüse is attached to a first.
  • the arc contact of the second contact piece is axially displaceable against the action of a preloaded spring in a fixed contact carrier. When the contact arrangement is closed, free ends of the two arcing contacts are supported on one another to form a contact force generated by the preloaded spring.
  • the two arc contacts separate only after a predetermined stroke of the contact pieces from each other. This results in a compressed arc gas receiving arc zone, which is bounded by the free ends of the two arcing contacts axially and radially from the insulating nozzle to the outside.
  • GB-A-2089572 discloses a high voltage switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a switch of the type mentioned is described in CH 519238 ,
  • This switch comprises a housing which is filled with an insulating gas having arc extinguishing properties and accommodates a contact arrangement comprising two contact pieces movable relative to each other along an axis, each having a rated current contact and an arc contact formed as a nozzle tube.
  • One of a drive movable first two contact pieces carries an insulating nozzle through which the arc contact of the second contact piece is guided when the switch is closed.
  • This arcing contact is designed as a follow-up contact and is loaded with a prestressed spring.
  • the follow-up contact is based on forming the formation of a sufficient contact force with its remote from the spring free end on the side facing away from the drive free end of the arcing contact of the first contact piece.
  • the object is to provide a switch of the type mentioned above, which requires only a small drive energy and yet characterized by a high reliability and a long service life.
  • gas-insulated high-voltage switch comprises a contact arrangement having two along an axis relative to each other movable contact pieces each having an arcing contact and a fixed to the first of both contact pieces insulating.
  • the arc contact of the second contact piece is mounted axially displaceable against the action of a preloaded spring in a fixed contact carrier, with the contact assembly closed free ends of the two arcing contacts to form a contact force generated by the prestressed spring supported each other and separate the two arcing contacts Opening the contact arrangement from one another and thereby creates a compressed arc gas receiving arc zone, which is bounded by the free ends of the two arcing contacts axially and radially from the insulating nozzle to the outside.
  • the second contact piece has a serving as a return piston-cylinder system, which with the Arc zone communicates and generates with increasing pressure of the generated in the arc zone, the compressed arc gas ist_die the restoring force of the prestressed spring assisting restoring force.
  • the restoring force and the restoring force act in the same direction. Both forces therefore act as a harder spring, as if the prestressed spring had a greater spring constant.
  • the stiffness of the spring can be kept relatively small. When closing the switch so an undesirably strong contact bounce is avoided, which would occur when using a spring of high stiffness.
  • the arcing contact of the second contact piece is guided by a wall section of the contact carrier which shields the second end side of the piston from the arc gas.
  • a compact design of the switch according to the invention is ensured if a pressure chamber radially outwardly bounding hollow cylinder of the piston-cylinder system is held on the wall portion of the contact support.
  • a piston rod to the pressure chamber axially delimiting the first end face, and to mold into the arc contact of the second contact piece, the piston and the piston rod, an axially guided through the pressure chamber exhaust passage, which connects the arc zone to an exhaust space of the switch.
  • This piston rod can be guided in an axially displaceable manner by a bottom of the hollow cylinder axially delimiting the pressure chamber.
  • the prestressed spring may be disposed in the pressure space and supported at one end on the first end face of the piston and at the opposite end on the cylinder bottom.
  • the arc zone is connected via an annular expansion space with the pressure chamber.
  • the hot arc gas formed in the arc zone initially expands adiabatically into this expansion space on its way to the pressure chamber. Here it cools down and enters the pressure chamber at a comparatively low temperature. This low temperature contributes to the fact that the generally arranged in the pressure chamber spring has no relaxation.
  • the wall of the expansion space may be formed radially outwardly from a serving as a longitudinal guide of the Isolierdüse, held on the contact sleeve and radially inwardly from the arcing contact of the second contact piece, and it can the expansion space via an annular gap between the Isolierdüse and the arcing contact of the second Switching piece is arranged to be connected to the arc zone and communicate via at least one channel with the pressure chamber, wherein the channel is guided through the wall portion of the contact carrier and the hollow cylinder.
  • the single figure shows a plan view of a guided along an axis A section through a preferred embodiment of a high voltage switch according to the invention, which is shown in the left part of the axis located part of the figure when interrupting a high short-circuit current and the right part of the axis part in the on state ,
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker according to the invention shown in the sole figure is designed as a generator switch and is typically designed for a rated voltage of 24 kV, a rated current of 6.3 kA, a permissible short-circuit current of 63 kA and a nominal frequency of 50/60 hertz.
  • This switch has a housing 10, which with an arc-extinguishing properties having insulating gas, based on about Sulfur hexafluoride and / or nitrogen and / or carbon dioxide, is filled by generally up to several bar pressure.
  • the upper part of the housing shown in the figure has a hollow cylindrical insulator 11 and two metal plates 12, 13 each serving as a power connection, between which the insulator is flanged gas-tight.
  • contact arrangement which has two along an axis A relatively movable switching pieces 20 and 30.
  • the switching piece 20 is connected to a drive, not shown, and - as indicated by a double arrow D - when closing along the axis A upwards and when opening along the axis A out.
  • the contactor 20 has in axially symmetrical arrangement a tubular arcing contact 21 and a contact surrounding this contact with rated current contact 22, whereas the contact piece 30 in axially symmetrical arrangement also includes a tubular arc-shaped contact 31 and the arcing contact 31 at a distance surrounding rated current contact 32, the outer one and an inner ring of contact fingers and therefore favors the transmission of high rated currents.
  • the arcing contact 31 is slidably mounted relative to the rated current contact 32 along the axis A and is at the switch closed (right half of the figure) with its arcuate free end by means of a preloaded spring 33 to form a sufficient contact force on the likewise arc-free free end of the Arc contact 21 supported.
  • the switching piece 20 is a typically PTFE-containing insulating nozzle 40 is fixed, which is arranged between the arcing contact 21 and the rated current contact 22 and projects beyond the free ends.
  • the arc contact 21 and the rated current contact 22 are electrically conductively connected via a radially extending wall 23 and define, together with the wall 23 and the nozzle 40, a heating volume 24 which communicates with an arc zone L when the switch is opened (left half of the figure) a switching arc S receives and is bounded by the facing free ends of the two arcing contacts 21, 31 axially and the insulating nozzle 40 radially outward.
  • the heating volume 24 serves to receive compressed arc gas, which is formed when the switch is opened by the switching arc S in the arc zone and is supplied via a heating channel 25.
  • the switching piece 20 is guided gas-tight sliding and electrically conductive in a fixed, metal hollow cylinder 14 along the axis A.
  • the hollow cylinder is electrically conductively attached to the plate 12 serving as a power connection.
  • the hollow cylinder 14 and a central portion of the plate 12 form a fixed cylinder of a piston-cylinder compression device having a compression space 26.
  • insulating gas is compressed when opening the switch with the help of the then downwardly acting as a piston switching piece 20. If the gas pressure in the heating volume 24 is smaller than in the compression space 26, the compressed insulating gas is conducted from the compression space 26 into the heating volume 24.
  • the contact piece 30 has a contact carrier 50 in the form of a pot.
  • the contact carrier is attached to its acting as an edge of the pot end electrically conductive on the serving as a power connection metal plate 13.
  • a acting as the bottom of the pot wall portion 51 of the contact carrier 50 has a central opening 51a and carries a disposed inside the pot, the central opening coaxially surrounding hollow cylinder 52.
  • In the wall portion 51 facing away from the end portion of the hollow cylinder 52 is a radially inwardly extended Integrated cylinder bottom 53, in which a central opening 53a is formed.
  • the nominal current contact 32 and inside a sleeve 34 are electrically conductively attached in a coaxial arrangement outside.
  • the hollow cylinder 52 is part of a piston-cylinder system 60 which has a communicating with the arc zone L pressure chamber 61.
  • This pressure chamber is bounded in the axial direction by the cylinder bottom 53 and by an end face 62 a of a piston 62 guided in the hollow cylinder 52. In the radial direction, it is limited to the outside by the hollow cylinder 52 and inwardly by a piston rod 63 attached to the end face 62a.
  • the piston rod is guided through the opening 53 a in an exhaust space P of the switch, which communicates via openings, not shown, with the interior of the housing 10.
  • Of the Piston 62 is rigidly connected at its end face 62b remote from the pressure chamber 61 to the arcing contact 31 having a smaller diameter than the piston 62.
  • the arcing contact 31 is led out through the opening 51 a from the space enclosed by the hollow cylinder 52.
  • the wall portion 51 therefore shields the end face 62 b from arc gas which expands through the insulating nozzle 40.
  • the piston 62 and the piston rod 63 an axially guided through the pressure chamber 61, nozzle function exhibiting exhaust channel 35 is formed, which connects the arc zone L with the exhaust chamber P of the switch.
  • the prestressed spring 33 is arranged in the pressure chamber 61 and is supported on the cylinder bottom 53 with the formation of the contact force with its lower end on the end face 62a and with the opposite upper end.
  • the reference symbol E designates an expansion space whose wall is formed radially outward from the sleeve 34 and radially inward from the arcing contact 31.
  • the bottom of the expansion space is formed by the insulating nozzle 40 and the ceiling of the wall portion 51.
  • the expansion space E is connected to the arc zone L via an annular gap 41, which is bounded radially outward by the insulating nozzle 40 and radially inward by the arcing contact 31.
  • guided channels 54 connect the expansion space E with the pressure chamber 61st
  • the switch When the switch is closed, the current is conducted mainly from the terminal 12 via the hollow cylinder 14, a sliding contact, not shown, the rated current contacts 22, 32 and the contact carrier 50 to the terminal 13.
  • the drive D leads the contact piece 20 down.
  • the in the switch-on position (right half of the figure) supported on the arcing contact 21 arc contact 31 is in this case tracked by the biased contact spring 33 while maintaining the required contact force.
  • This contact force is also present after disconnecting the rated current contacts 22, 32 and after commutation of the current in a connecting wall 23, the arc contacts 21, 31, a sliding contact, not shown, and the wall portion 51 containing current path.
  • the two arc contacts 21, 31 separate and form between the mutually opposite free ends of the switching arc S.
  • the arc S generates hot, pressurized gas, which on the one hand via the heating channel 25th expands into the heating volume 24 and passes to the other via the exhaust passage 35 and a formed in the arc contact 21, nozzle function having exhaust passage 27 into the interior of the housing 10.
  • the gas stored in the heating volume 24 assisted by compressed insulating gas from the compression space 26, inflates the arc S, which leads to an interruption of the current.
  • This gas builds up a pressure in the pressure chamber 61, which acts on the piston 62 and thus also the contact 31 with a restoring force.
  • This restoring force is proportional to the pressure of the arc gas present in the arc zone L and supports the biasing force of the spring 33.
  • the flow cross section of the annular gap 41 is substantially smaller than the flow cross section of the expansion space E respectively. that of the flow channels 54. Therefore, the arc gas guided from the arc zone L into the pressure space 51 expands adiabatically into the expansion space after leaving the ring gap. As a result, the pressure and the temperature of the arc gas expanding into the expansion space E are reduced.
  • the spring 33 Because of the strong cooling of the arc gas in the expansion space E and because of the comparatively short residence time of the cooled arc gas in the pressure chamber 61, the spring 33 has no relaxation and can fulfill their after-running and contacting comprehensive functions easily. Since the piston-cylinder system 60 acting as a return device supports the biasing force of the spring 33 when switching off a large, in particular asymmetric, short-circuit currents, the stiffness of the spring can be kept relatively small. When the switch is closed, this avoids undesirably strong contact bounce that would occur when using a spring of high rigidity.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Commutateur à haute tension à isolation gazeuse comprenant un dispositif de contact qui comprend deux pièces de contacts (20, 30) mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre le long d'un axe (A) comportant chacune un contact d'arc (21, 31) et une buse d'isolation (40) fixée à la première (20) des deux pièces de contact, dans lequel le contact d'arc (31) de la deuxième pièce de contact (30) est monté de manière mobile axialement contre l'action d'un ressort précontraint (33) dans un support de contact fixe (50), dans lequel, lors de la fermeture du dispositif de contact, les extrémités libres des deux contacts d'arc (21, 31) appuient l'un sur l'autre par création d'une force de contact engendrée par le ressort précontraint (33), et dans lequel les deux contacts d'arc (21, 31) se séparent l'un de l'autre lors de l'ouverture du dispositif de contact et par conséquent, il se forme une zone d'arc (L) recevant le gaz d'arc comprimé, laquelle zone est délimitée axialement par les extrémités libres des deux contacts d'arc (21, 31) et radialement vers l'extérieur par la buse d'isolation (40), caractérisé en ce que la deuxième pièce de contact (30) comporte un système de piston-cylindre (60) jouant le rôle de dispositif de rappel qui communique avec la zone d'arc (L) et qui engendre une force de rappel s'opposant à la force agissant en sens inverse du ressort précontraint (33) lors d'une augmentation de la pression du gaz d'arc comprimé apparaissant dans la zone d'arc.
  2. Commutateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le système de piston-cylindre (60) comporte une chambre de pression (61) communiquant avec la zone d'arc (L), en ce que la chambre de pression (61) est délimitée par une première face avant (62a) d'un piston (62) du système de piston-cylindre (60), et en ce qu'une seconde face avant (62b) du piston (62) opposée à la chambre de pression (61) est reliée de manière rigide au contact d'arc (31) de la seconde pièce de contact (30), lequel contact d'arc présente un diamètre inférieur à celui du piston.
  3. Commutateur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le contact d'arc (31) de la seconde pièce de contact (30) est guidé à travers une section de paroi (51) du support de contact (50), laquelle section protège la seconde face avant (62b) du piston (62) vis-à-vis du gaz d'arc.
  4. Commutateur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un cylindre creux (52) du système de piston-cylindre (60) délimitant radialement vers l'extérieur la chambre de pression (61) est maintenu sur la section de paroi (51) du support de contact (50).
  5. Commutateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une tige de piston (63) délimitant radialement vers l'intérieur la chambre de pression est montée sur la première face avant (62a) délimitant axialement la chambre de pression (61), et en ce que dans le contact d'arc (31) de la seconde pièce de contact, le piston (62) et la tige de piston (63), est formé un conduit d'échappement guidé axialement à travers la chambre de pression (61), lequel conduit relie la zone d'arc (L) à une chambre d'échappement (P) du commutateur.
  6. Commutateur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la tige de piston (63) peut coulisser axialement à travers un fond (53) du cylindre creux (52) délimitant axialement la chambre de pression (61).
  7. Commutateur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le ressort précontraint (33) est disposé dans la chambre de pression (61) et est supporté à une extrémité par la première face d'extrémité (62a) et à l'extrémité opposée par le fond de cylindre (53).
  8. Commutateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la zone d'arc (L) est reliée à la chambre de pression (61) par l'intermédiaire d'une chambre d'expansion (E) réalisée sous la forme d'un anneau.
  9. Commutateur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de la chambre d'expansion (E) est formée radialement vers l'extérieur d'un manchon (34) maintenu sur le support de contact (50), jouant le rôle de guide longitudinal pour la buse d'isolation (40), et radialement vers l'intérieur du contact d'arc (31) de la seconde pièce de contact, et en ce que la chambre d'expansion (E) est reliée à la zone d'arc (L) par l'intermédiaire d'une fente annulaire (41) qui est disposée entre la buse d'isolation (40) et le contact d'arc (31) de la seconde pièce de contact (30), et qui communique avec la chambre de pression (61) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un canal (54) qui passe à travers la section de paroi (53) du support de contact (50) et à travers le cylindre creux (52).
EP10162647A 2010-05-12 2010-05-12 Commutateur à haute tension isolé du gaz Active EP2387057B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10162647A EP2387057B1 (fr) 2010-05-12 2010-05-12 Commutateur à haute tension isolé du gaz
US13/105,377 US8766131B2 (en) 2010-05-12 2011-05-11 Gas-insulated high-voltage switch
CN201110134060.9A CN102280306B (zh) 2010-05-12 2011-05-12 气体绝缘高压开关
JP2011107237A JP5174210B2 (ja) 2010-05-12 2011-05-12 ガス絶縁高電圧スイッチ

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10162647A EP2387057B1 (fr) 2010-05-12 2010-05-12 Commutateur à haute tension isolé du gaz

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2387057A1 EP2387057A1 (fr) 2011-11-16
EP2387057B1 true EP2387057B1 (fr) 2012-05-23

Family

ID=42629530

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10162647A Active EP2387057B1 (fr) 2010-05-12 2010-05-12 Commutateur à haute tension isolé du gaz

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8766131B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2387057B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5174210B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102280306B (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015097143A1 (fr) * 2013-12-23 2015-07-02 Abb Technology Ag Dispositif de commutation électrique
EP3136415A1 (fr) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-01 ABB Schweiz AG Appareillage de commutation moyenne tension avec cadre et/ou élément de support
CN108400060A (zh) * 2018-05-05 2018-08-14 中科天工电气控股有限公司 一种限压式灭弧接触器
CN114068240B (zh) * 2020-08-07 2023-12-15 国家电网有限公司 自能式灭弧室及断路器
CN114420480B (zh) * 2022-01-06 2023-12-08 平高集团有限公司 具有隔离断口的高压开关设备及其动触头组件
CN117976463B (zh) * 2024-03-06 2024-07-30 博方电气有限公司 一种开关设备大功率快速操动装置

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH519238A (de) 1970-07-17 1972-02-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Elektrischer Kompressionsschalter
BR8104731A (pt) * 1980-07-23 1982-04-13 Alsthom Atlantique Disjuntor a gas comprimido
GB2089572B (en) * 1980-12-16 1984-12-19 Northern Eng Ind A puffer type gas-blast circuit interrupter
FR2657998B1 (fr) * 1990-02-07 1992-04-10 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne ou haute tension a autosoufflage.
FR2662540B1 (fr) * 1990-05-23 1992-07-31 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne tension.
FR2683383B1 (fr) * 1991-11-04 1993-12-31 Gec Alsthom Sa Disjoncteur a haute ou moyenne tension a triple mouvement.
FR2748597B1 (fr) * 1996-05-13 1998-06-12 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Disjoncteur a haute tension avec insertion de resistance a la fermeture
DE10125100A1 (de) * 2001-05-23 2002-11-28 Abb Patent Gmbh Selbstblas-Löschkammer eines Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102280306B (zh) 2016-03-02
US20110278263A1 (en) 2011-11-17
US8766131B2 (en) 2014-07-01
CN102280306A (zh) 2011-12-14
JP5174210B2 (ja) 2013-04-03
EP2387057A1 (fr) 2011-11-16
JP2011238617A (ja) 2011-11-24

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