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EP2344377B1 - Self-propelled ship - Google Patents

Self-propelled ship Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2344377B1
EP2344377B1 EP09748344A EP09748344A EP2344377B1 EP 2344377 B1 EP2344377 B1 EP 2344377B1 EP 09748344 A EP09748344 A EP 09748344A EP 09748344 A EP09748344 A EP 09748344A EP 2344377 B1 EP2344377 B1 EP 2344377B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ship
capacitors
nominal
point
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09748344A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2344377A1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Harpin
Maarten Mostert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STX France SA
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STX France SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by STX France SA filed Critical STX France SA
Publication of EP2344377A1 publication Critical patent/EP2344377A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2344377B1 publication Critical patent/EP2344377B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-propelled vessel.
  • the invention relates in particular to a self-propelled vessel assigned to navigation over a set distance between a starting point and an arrival point.
  • Such vessels are for example sea or river shuttles.
  • the vessel is for example of the type ferry or any other passenger or cargo ship.
  • WO 2005/012079 describes a ship with photovoltaic cells arranged on a sail, as well as batteries and / or capacitors for storing the electricity collected by the cells.
  • This vessel is of the sailing pleasure boat type without diesel engine and is not generalizable to the scale of a large ship, such as a regular ferry service.
  • the document EP-B-1 341 694 relates to a vessel equipped with a main diesel engine and an electric motor powered by a generator with another diesel engine.
  • EP-A-1,531,125 describes a vessel equipped for its propulsion with an electric motor, supplied with electricity from diesel engines and a fuel cell.
  • the invention aims to obtain a ship dispensing partially or totally these internal combustion engines for its propulsion.
  • a first object of the invention is, a self-propelled vessel, the vessel having at least one first electrical network (5) on board, at least one main power supply bus (11, 104), means (3) for propulsion, at least one engine (4, 1004 ) for driving said propulsion means (3), and power supply means for supplying the first electrical network (5) and said at least one driving motor (4, 1004) via said bus power supply unit (11, 104), and electrical animation means including at least one set of electrical capacitors, characterized in that the electrical capacitor assembly (10) has a capacitance sized to provide at least their nominal electrical load with at least a nominal supply of said at least one first electrical power supply (5) and power supply.
  • nominal electric power of said at least one driving electric motor (4, 1004) through said main power supply bus (11, 104), and means (25, 111) for electrical connection are arranged on board the ship to connect the assembly (10) of electrical capacitors to another electrical network located at an arrival point and / or at a starting point of the ship, in order to recharge the capacitors to their nominal load and to supply the first electrical power network (5) during stop at the point of arrival and / or at the starting point.
  • the invention also relates to a self-propelled vessel assigned to navigation over a set distance between a starting point and an arrival point, the ship comprising at least a first electrical network on board, at least one electric supply bus main, propulsion means, at least one drive motor of said propulsion means, and power supply means for supplying the first onboard electrical network and said at least one drive motor via said electric bus main power supply, characterized in that the power supply means comprise at least a set of electrical capacitors having a capacitance sized to provide at their nominal electrical load a ratio equal to at least 25% both of the nominal supply of said at least one first on-board electrical network over the set distance and the nominal power supply of said at least one an electric drive motor for performing the set distance via said main power supply bus, and electrical connection means arranged on board the ship for connecting the set of electrical capacitors to another electrical network at the point of arrival and / or at the point of departure, with a view to charging the capacitors to their nominal load and to supply the first on-board electrical network during the stop at the point of arrival and /
  • the invention also relates to a self-propelled vessel, the vessel comprising at least a first electrical network (5) on board, at least one main power supply bus (11, 104), means (3) for propulsion, at least one motor (4, 1004) for driving said propulsion means (3), and power supply means for supplying the first electrical network (5) on board and said at least one driving motor (4, 1004) by via said main power bus (11, 104), characterized in that the power supply means comprise at least an assembly (10) of electrical capacitors having a capacitance sized to provide at their nominal electrical load both the nominal power supply of said at least one first electrical network (5) of board over a set distance and the nominal power supply of said at least one drive motor (4, 1-004) for performing the set distance via said main power bus (11, 104), and means (25, 111) of electrical connection arranged on board the ship to connect the assembly (10) of electrical capacitors to another electrical network located at a point of arrival and / or at a starting point of the ship, in to recharge the capacitors to their nominal load and
  • the invention also relates to a self-propelled vessel, the vessel comprising at least a first electrical network (5) on board, at least one main power supply bus (11, 104), means (3) for propulsion, at least one motor (4, 1004) for driving said propulsion means (3), and power supply means for supplying the first electrical network (5) on board and said at least one driving motor (4, 1004) by via said main power bus (11, 104), characterized in that the power supply means comprise at least an assembly (10) of electrical capacitors having a capacitance sized to provide at their nominal electrical load both the nominal power supply of said at least one first electrical network (5) on board and the nominal power supply of said at least one electric motor (4, 1004) via said main power bus (11, 104) for a speed of movement of the ship less than or equal to a determined speed, which may be for example 5 knots, and means (25, 111) of electrical connection arranged on board the ship to connect the assembly (10) of electrical capacitors to another electrical network located at a point of arrival and / or at a starting point
  • said at least one set of electrical capacitors has a capacitance dimensioned to ensure that their nominal electrical load is 100% of both the nominal power supply of said at least one first electrical network (5) on board and the power supply.
  • nominal of said at least one electric motor (4, 1004) driving, to perform the navigation where it is subject to a fixed speed limit imposed, for example of the order of 5 knots, namely for example in harbors, harbor access channels (except local regulations) and in the 300-meter coastal strip (from the water boundary), through the said main power bus (11, 104) .
  • the ship 1 comprises a hull 2 and means 3 of propulsion in the water, such as for example one or more propellers 3.
  • the propulsion means 3 are set in motion by one or more electric motors 4.
  • the vessel 1 also comprises an electrical onboard network 5 comprising, for example, the lighting 5c, the heater 5d, the safety and navigation systems, the driving of the machines, the life spaces and all the electrical installations on board the ship, other the engine or engines 4 for propulsion.
  • an electrical onboard network 5 comprising, for example, the lighting 5c, the heater 5d, the safety and navigation systems, the driving of the machines, the life spaces and all the electrical installations on board the ship, other the engine or engines 4 for propulsion.
  • the on-board electrical network 5 and the electric propulsion motor (s) 4 are supplied with electricity from an on-board assembly 10 of electrical capacitors and possibly generating sets.
  • the electrical capacity of the assembly 10 is dimensioned to be able to provide from 5 to 100% of the nominal capacity corresponding to the propulsion of the ship 1 over a prescribed set distance corresponding to the navigation between a starting point and an arrival point. , this arrival point may be different or identical to the starting point.
  • the electrical capacitance and the nominal electrical load of the capacitor set 10 is calculated so as to be able to ensure the ratio R of 5 to 100% of the power supply autonomy of the ship's propulsion motor (s) 4 and to provide the electricity consumed during the trip by the electrical network 5 on board.
  • the capacitor set 10 includes super capacitance-type components capable of being recharged very quickly during the limited time of calls and then being discharged slowly during the crossing of the starting point and / or the arrival point.
  • the capacitors of the assembly 10 for example are grouped into several separate modules each having a separate outer housing.
  • the assembly 10 thus comprises for example several banks of super-capacitors.
  • the ship may be other than a vessel assigned to the course of a set distance.
  • the capacitors could be used to travel only part of a distance, the rest of the distance being traveled while being powered by one or more diesel engines provided on the ship.
  • a system may be provided on the vessel to switch between the power supply by the capacitor set 10 and the diesel engine power supply (s).
  • one possibility is to carry out the path of a distance, before port and / or after port, that is to say in the zone near the port, only by the supply of the set of capacitors 10 , to avoid pollution due to diesel engines.
  • This area is for example less than a nautical mile to the port, for example about 0.3 nautical mile.
  • the capacitor assembly 10 is for example used for supplying low movement speeds, for example less than a set speed, which may be for example of the order of 5 knots, which generally corresponds to the limitation of speed in ports, port access channels and the coastal strip.
  • the capacitor set 10 is connected directly to a DC bus 11.
  • the DC bus 11 is connected to the first DC side 12 of a first DC-AC converter 13, the second AC side 14 of which is connected to the electrical network 5. edge.
  • the DC bus 11 is connected to the first DC side 15 of a second DC-AC converter 16, the second AC side 17 of which is connected to the electric motor 4 to supply AC electric power to drive in rotation a first helix 3 of propulsion.
  • the DC bus 11 is connected to the first DC side 18 of a third DC-AC converter 19, the second AC side 20 of which is connected to another electric motor 4 for the transmission. supplying alternating electric current in order to drive in rotation another propeller 3 propulsion.
  • the continuous bus 11 is also connected to the ship 1 by electrical conductors 21 at the first continuous side 22 of a fourth DC-to-AC converter 23, the second reciprocating side 24 of which is connected to second AC electrical conductors 25.
  • electrical conductors 25 are intended to be connected to an AC power source when the ship is at the point of departure and / or the point of arrival.
  • the starting point and / or the arrival point comprising for example a platform, comprises a terrestrial electrical network S, capable of supplying alternating electric current on external output conductors 100, which are not part of the ship.
  • the conductors 25 are connected to the output conductors 100 in order to receive alternating current coming from the source situated at this point of departure. and / or at this point of arrival.
  • the figure 1 represents the ship in this situation.
  • the current supplied by the output leads 100 then recharges the set of capacitors 10 to its nominal electrical load and feeds the first edge network 5 and the drive motors 4. Then the conductors 25 are disconnected from the output conductors 100 and the vessel then leaves the starting point and / or the point of arrival.
  • the capacitor set 10 is connected to the first continuous side 101 of a first DC-AC converter 102, the second AC side 103 of which is connected to an AC bus 104.
  • the AC bus 104 is connected directly to the AC power supply. edge.
  • the reciprocating bus 104 is connected to the first reciprocating side 105 of a second alternating-reciprocating converter 106, the second reciprocating side 107 of which is connected to the electric motor 4 for supplying alternating current therein in order to drive in rotation a first propeller 3 of propulsion.
  • the reciprocating bus 104 is connected to the first side 108 of a third reciprocating AC converter 109, the second reciprocating side 110 of which is connected to another electric motor 4 to supply it.
  • the capacitor assembly 10 is also connected to the first DC side 121 of a second DC-AC converter 122, whose second AC side 123 is connected to electrical conductors 111.
  • the electrical conductors 111 are intended to be connected to conductors 100 at the point of departure and / or at the point of arrival when the vessel is stopped at that point of departure and / or at that point of arrival.
  • the figure 3 is a variant of the figure 1 , where the AC motor (s) 4 are replaced by one or more DC motors 1004 and in which the converter (s) 16, 20 are replaced by one or more chopper-type DC converters 1005, 1006 between the DC bus 11 and the DC motor (s) 1004, to transform the DC voltage of the DC bus 11 into a variable DC voltage for the operation of the DC motor (s) 1004.
  • the figure 4 is a variant of the figure 2 , where the AC motor (s) 4 are replaced by DC motor (s) 1004 and in which the converter (s) 106, 109 are replaced by one or more DC converters 1007, 1012, for example one or more rectifiers, between the AC bus 104 and the DC motor (s) 4 to provide the motor (s) 4 with a variable DC voltage.
  • the alternating side 1008 of the AC-DC converter 1007 is connected to the AC bus 104.
  • the DC side 1009 of the AC-DC converter 1007 is connected to a first continuous motor 1004 for rotating the first propeller 3.
  • the alternating side 1010 of the DC AC converter 1012 is connected to the AC bus 104.
  • the DC side 1011 of the DC AC converter 1012 is connected to a second DC motor 1004 for rotating the second propeller 3.
  • the converter 23 or 122 is not on the ship, but upstream of the output conductors 100.
  • the conductors 100 supply in this embodiment directly the main bus DC 11.
  • the figure 5 represents one of the exemplary embodiments of the connection means 25, 111 and 100.
  • the connecting conductors 25, 111 located on the ship are for example provided on a post or support 140 located at the stern and / or the bow of the ship 1, and on the port and / or starboard side, for example port and starboard , at stern 2a and at bow 2b at figure 5 , the support 140 being turned towards the departure point PD and / or the arrival point PA during the docking (the scale of the distance between the points PA and PD not being respected at the figure 5 ).
  • the output leads 100 connected to the electricity source S are for example of the pantograph type.
  • the connecting means located at the starting point and / or the point of arrival comprises a means 202, for example in the form of a pole 202, which supports at least one pantograph 203.
  • a means 202 for example in the form of a pole 202, which supports at least one pantograph 203.
  • any number of support pairs 140 - pantograph 203 may be provided, this number being at least equal to one.
  • the figure 6 is an enlarged view of a support 140 located on the ship and a pantograph 203 carried by its post 202 fixed at the starting point or the point of arrival.
  • the pantograph 203 comprises 204 conductors facing outwards with respect to the earth, these conductors 204 being connected to the output conductors 100, themselves connected to the terrestrial AC source S.
  • the pantograph 203 is for example provided on the wharf or the boarding and unloading gangway 207 where the ship 1 must dock as well as represented at the figure 5 .
  • the amount 140 of the ship supports a connecting means of the conductors 25, 111 to the pantograph 204 during docking.
  • These connecting means are for example formed by two bare and distinct (catenary) conductors 130, 131 stretched in front of the upright 140 located at the front and the rear of the ship, allowing the conductors 204 of the pantograph 203 to slide on the conductors 130, 131 and to compensate the movements of the ship 1 according to its loading and the movements of the surface of the water.
  • the bare conductors 130 and 131 extend over a range 132 having a predetermined height, so that the conductors 204 of the pantograph can move up and down in this height range 132 according to the movements of the ship.
  • the pantograph provides a possibility of horizontal displacement of its conductors 204 relative to the support 202 by constraining its conductors 204 to be applied against the conductors 130 and 131, according to the movements of the ship.
  • the pantograph also has a degree of freedom in height of its conductors 204 relative to the support 202, according to the movements of the ship.
  • the conductors 130 and 131 of the ship 1 permanently touch the conductors 204 of the pantograph 203 to recharge for a prescribed time the set of capacitors from the source S.
  • the alternating current supplied by the source S to the conductors 25, 111 is alternating high voltage, with for example an effective voltage of the order of 20000 V.
  • the pantograph allows adjustment to the forward and backward movements of the ship, and then an adjustment to the movements of the water .
  • the posts 202 are for example provided on a lateral advance 205 of the platform 207.
  • two lateral advances 205 and 206 are provided, between which is the zone 207 for loading and unloading passengers and / or vehicles on a platform , the distance between the two advances 205 and 206 being greater than the width of the ship at its stern and / or in its bow for a docking of the stern or the bow at the pier 207.
  • the figures 7 and 8 represent a variant of figures 6 and 7 , where the support 202 is movable relative to the starting point PD and / or the arrival point PA.
  • the support 202 is provided on a float 200 passing through a guide 201 fixed to the ground.
  • the guide 201 maintains the post in position in horizontal coordinates, with a degree of freedom in height according to the movements of the surface W of the water on which the float 200 is located.
  • the pantograph described above could be provided on the ship, the conductors 25 or 111 being connected on the ship to the conductors 204 of the pantograph 203, and the leads 130, 131 being connected to the source S of current and being provided at the point of departure and / or at the point of arrival.
  • connection means 25, 111 and 100 could also be in the form of a robot or a mechanical arm on the ship and / or on the platform.
  • the super capacitors or supercapacitors or modules used have a number of admissible cycles greater than or equal to 100,000 or even 500,000 or 1,000,000.
  • the super capacitors used in the assembly 10 have the advantage of a large number of possible of load and unload duty cycles, which is one million in the sizing example mentioned above.
  • the super capacitors or super capacitors or modules used are used with an onboard electrical circuit and dimensioned on the ship allowing a nominal load in a time less than or equal to 10 minutes, or even less than or equal to 5 minutes or 3 minutes so that the load can be made during a downtime at the starting point and / or at the point of arrival.
  • the electrical circuit at the point of departure and / or the point of arrival is also dimensioned to allow this charging time, with a transformer suitably dimensioned to reach the connection means.
  • the modules are for example arranged in series to arrive at a voltage required at full load, for example 960 V continuous in the numerical example above, where 8 modules are put in series, each providing 120 to 125 V. For example at least two or three modules are in series.
  • Several branches, with in each branch at least two or three modules in series, are for example paralleled in the assembly 10, for example 320 branches of each 8 modules in series in the numerical example above.
  • connection means described with reference to the figures provides a quick connection of the vessel for charging capacitors.
  • the vessel includes at least one backup and backup diesel engine and a fuel reserve for conducting convoys and dealing with sea fortunes.
  • the super-capacitance set can be sized to provide all of the power source needed for the journey.
  • the diesel engine can come in support or backup supply of the assembly (10), the power bus 11 or 104, and the ship's onboard network 5, but is not the only source of energy main.
  • the ship is also equipped with at least one generator that can power the power bus 11 and the on-board electrical network 5.
  • the ship can on orders routes have as a main energy source the electricity supplied by the wharf. This will reduce significantly the CO 2 of the ship and dramatically reduces footprint fuel costs for the diesel engine.
  • the supply means comprise an assembly (10) of electrical capacitors having a capacity sized to ensure their nominal load at least 25% of the energy requirements of the ship over the set distance.
  • the ship When docking at the port the ship connects to another electrical network at the point of arrival and / or at the point of departure, in order to recharge the capacitors to their nominal load and to power the power bus 11 or 104 and the electrical edge network 5.
  • the set of capacitors may be connected to the remainder of the electrical circuit by at least one DC-DC converter.
  • the embodiment of the figure 9 is similar to that of the figure 1 with the same constituent elements, in addition to a DC-DC converter 41 between the capacitor set 10 and the DC bus 11.
  • the DC-DC converter 41 has a first DC side 42 connected to the capacitor set 10 and a second DC side 43 connected to the DC bus 11.
  • the DC-DC converter 43 provides the interface between the capacitors of the assembly 10 whose voltage varies with their charge level and the main distribution DC bus 11 which has a fixed voltage .
  • the converters connected to this main distribution bus must be regulated to take account of the voltage variation of the bus 11 during the charging phases and discharge of the capacitors of the assembly 10.
  • the embodiment of the figure 10 is similar to that of the figure 3 with the same constituent elements, with in addition a DC-DC converter 41 between the capacitor set 10 and the DC bus 11.
  • the DC-DC converter 41 has a first DC side 42 connected to the set of capacitors 10 and a second continuous side 43 connected to the continuous bus 11.
  • the capacitor set 10 may also be connected to DC-AC converters 102 and 122 via at least one DC-DC converter.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un navire automoteur.The invention relates to a self-propelled vessel.

L'invention concerne notamment un navire automoteur affecté à la navigation sur une distance de consigne située entre un point de départ et un point d'arrivée.The invention relates in particular to a self-propelled vessel assigned to navigation over a set distance between a starting point and an arrival point.

De tels navires sont par exemple des navettes maritimes ou fluviales. Le navire est par exemple du genre ferry ou tout autre navire de transport de voyageurs ou de marchandises.Such vessels are for example sea or river shuttles. The vessel is for example of the type ferry or any other passenger or cargo ship.

L'un des problèmes des navires automoteurs est leur empreinte en CO2 et le coût des carburants fossiles.One of the problems propelled ships is their footprint in CO2 and the cost of fossil fuels.

En effet, les navires fonctionnent habituellement avec des moteurs diesel.Indeed, ships usually operate with diesel engines.

De nombreux systèmes alternatifs au moteur diesel sont connus pour des navires.Many alternative diesel engine systems are known for ships.

Le document WO 2005/012079 décrit un navire à cellules photovoltaïques disposées sur une voile, ainsi que des batteries et/ou des condensateurs pour le stockage de l'électricité collectée par les cellules. Ce navire est du type bateau à voile de plaisance sans moteur Diesel et n'est pas généralisable à l'échelle d'un navire de grande taille, tel qu'un ferry de desserte régulière.The document WO 2005/012079 describes a ship with photovoltaic cells arranged on a sail, as well as batteries and / or capacitors for storing the electricity collected by the cells. This vessel is of the sailing pleasure boat type without diesel engine and is not generalizable to the scale of a large ship, such as a regular ferry service.

Le document EP-B-1 341 694 concerne un navire équipé d'un moteur Diesel principal et d'un moteur électrique alimenté en électricité par un groupe électrogène ayant un autre moteur Diesel.The document EP-B-1 341 694 relates to a vessel equipped with a main diesel engine and an electric motor powered by a generator with another diesel engine.

Le document EP-A-1 531 125 décrit un navire muni pour sa propulsion d'un moteur électrique, alimenté en électricité à partir de moteurs Diesel et d'une pile à combustible.The document EP-A-1,531,125 describes a vessel equipped for its propulsion with an electric motor, supplied with electricity from diesel engines and a fuel cell.

Enfin, le document DE 10 2005004 985 A1 , considéré comme art antérieur le plus proche, décrit un navire selon le préambule de la revendication 1.Finally, the document DE 10 2005004 985 A1 , considered to be the closest prior art, describes a ship according to the preamble of claim 1.

L'invention vise à obtenir un navire se dispensant de manière partielle ou totale de ces moteurs à combustion interne pour sa propulsion.The invention aims to obtain a ship dispensing partially or totally these internal combustion engines for its propulsion.

A cet effet, un premier objet de l'invention est, un navire automoteur, le navire comportant au moins un premier réseau électrique (5) de bord, au moins un bus électrique (11, 104) d'alimentation principale, des moyens (3) de propulsion, au moins un moteur (4, 1004) d'entraînement desdits moyens (3) de propulsion, et des moyens d'alimentation électrique pour alimenter le premier réseau électrique (5) de bord et ledit au moins un moteur (4, 1004) d'entraînement par l'intermédiaire dudit bus électrique (11, 104) d'alimentation principale, et des moyens d'animation electrique comportant au moins un ensemble de condensateurs electriques,
caractérisé en ce que
l'ensemble (10) de condensateurs électriques a une capacité dimensionnée pour assurer à leur charge électrique nominale d'une manière au moins temporaire à la fois l'alimentation nominale dudit au moins un premier réseau électrique (5) de bord et l'alimentation électrique nominale dudit au moins un moteur électrique (4, 1004) d'entraînement par l'intermédiaire dudit bus électrique (11, 104) d'alimentation principale, et
des moyens (25, 111) de connexion électrique sont agencés à bord du navire pour connecter l'ensemble (10) de condensateurs électriques à un autre réseau électrique situé en un point d'arrivée et/ou en un point de départ du navire, en vue de recharger les condensateurs à leur charge nominale et d'alimenter le premier réseau électrique (5) de bord durant l'arrêt au point d'arrivée et/ou au point de départ.For this purpose, a first object of the invention is, a self-propelled vessel, the vessel having at least one first electrical network (5) on board, at least one main power supply bus (11, 104), means (3) for propulsion, at least one engine (4, 1004 ) for driving said propulsion means (3), and power supply means for supplying the first electrical network (5) and said at least one driving motor (4, 1004) via said bus power supply unit (11, 104), and electrical animation means including at least one set of electrical capacitors,
characterized in that
the electrical capacitor assembly (10) has a capacitance sized to provide at least their nominal electrical load with at least a nominal supply of said at least one first electrical power supply (5) and power supply. nominal electric power of said at least one driving electric motor (4, 1004) through said main power supply bus (11, 104), and
means (25, 111) for electrical connection are arranged on board the ship to connect the assembly (10) of electrical capacitors to another electrical network located at an arrival point and / or at a starting point of the ship, in order to recharge the capacitors to their nominal load and to supply the first electrical power network (5) during stop at the point of arrival and / or at the starting point.

L'invention concerne également un navire automoteur affecté à la navigation sur une distance de consigne située entre un point de départ et un point d'arrivée, le navire comportant au moins un premier réseau électrique de bord, au moins un bus électrique d'alimentation principale, des moyens de propulsion, au moins un moteur d'entraînement desdits moyens de propulsion, et des moyens d'alimentation électrique pour alimenter le premier réseau électrique de bord et ledit au moins un moteur d'entraînement par l'intermédiaire dudit bus électrique d'alimentation principale,
caractérisé en ce que
les moyens d'alimentation électrique comportent au moins
un ensemble de condensateurs électriques ayant une capacité dimensionnée pour assurer à leur charge électrique nominale un ratio égal à au moins 25 % à la fois de l'alimentation nominale dudit au moins un premier réseau électrique de bord sur la distance de consigne et de l'alimentation électrique nominale dudit au moins un moteur électrique d'entraînement permettant d'effectuer la distance de consigne par l'intermédiaire dudit bus électrique d'alimentation principale, et
des moyens de connexion électrique agencés à bord du navire pour connecter l'ensemble de condensateurs électriques à un autre réseau électrique situé au point d'arrivée et/ou au point de départ, en vue de recharger les condensateurs à leur charge nominale et d'alimenter le premier réseau électrique de bord durant l'arrêt au point d'arrivée et/ou au point de départ.The invention also relates to a self-propelled vessel assigned to navigation over a set distance between a starting point and an arrival point, the ship comprising at least a first electrical network on board, at least one electric supply bus main, propulsion means, at least one drive motor of said propulsion means, and power supply means for supplying the first onboard electrical network and said at least one drive motor via said electric bus main power supply,
characterized in that
the power supply means comprise at least
a set of electrical capacitors having a capacitance sized to provide at their nominal electrical load a ratio equal to at least 25% both of the nominal supply of said at least one first on-board electrical network over the set distance and the nominal power supply of said at least one an electric drive motor for performing the set distance via said main power supply bus, and
electrical connection means arranged on board the ship for connecting the set of electrical capacitors to another electrical network at the point of arrival and / or at the point of departure, with a view to charging the capacitors to their nominal load and to supply the first on-board electrical network during the stop at the point of arrival and / or at the starting point.

L'invention concerne également un navire automoteur, le navire comportant au moins un premier réseau électrique (5) de bord, au moins un bus électrique (11, 104) d'alimentation principale, des moyens (3) de propulsion, au moins un moteur (4, 1004) d'entraînement desdits moyens (3) de propulsion, et des moyens d'alimentation électrique pour alimenter le premier réseau électrique (5) de bord et ledit au moins un moteur (4, 1004) d'entraînement par l'intermédiaire dudit bus électrique (11, 104) d'alimentation principale,
caractérisé en ce que
les moyens d'alimentation électrique comportent au moins
un ensemble (10) de condensateurs électriques ayant une capacité dimensionnée pour assurer à leur charge électrique nominale à la fois l'alimentation nominale dudit au moins un premier réseau électrique (5) de bord sur une distance de consigne et l'alimentation électrique nominale dudit au moins un moteur électrique (4, 1-004) d'entraînement permettant d'effectuer la distance de consigne par l'intermédiaire dudit bus électrique (11, 104) d'alimentation principale, et
des moyens (25, 111) de connexion électrique agencés à bord du navire pour connecter l'ensemble (10) de condensateurs électriques à un autre réseau électrique situé en un point d'arrivée et/ou en un point de départ du navire, en vue de recharger les condensateurs à leur charge nominale et d'alimenter le premier réseau électrique (5) de bord durant l'arrêt au point d'arrivée et/ou au point de départ.The invention also relates to a self-propelled vessel, the vessel comprising at least a first electrical network (5) on board, at least one main power supply bus (11, 104), means (3) for propulsion, at least one motor (4, 1004) for driving said propulsion means (3), and power supply means for supplying the first electrical network (5) on board and said at least one driving motor (4, 1004) by via said main power bus (11, 104),
characterized in that
the power supply means comprise at least
an assembly (10) of electrical capacitors having a capacitance sized to provide at their nominal electrical load both the nominal power supply of said at least one first electrical network (5) of board over a set distance and the nominal power supply of said at least one drive motor (4, 1-004) for performing the set distance via said main power bus (11, 104), and
means (25, 111) of electrical connection arranged on board the ship to connect the assembly (10) of electrical capacitors to another electrical network located at a point of arrival and / or at a starting point of the ship, in to recharge the capacitors to their nominal load and to supply the first electrical network (5) on board during the stop at the point of arrival and / or at the starting point.

L'invention concerne également un navire automoteur, le navire comportant au moins un premier réseau électrique (5) de bord, au moins un bus électrique (11, 104) d'alimentation principale, des moyens (3) de propulsion, au moins un moteur (4, 1004) d'entraînement desdits moyens (3) de propulsion, et des moyens d'alimentation électrique pour alimenter le premier réseau électrique (5) de bord et ledit au moins un moteur (4, 1004) d'entraînement par l'intermédiaire dudit bus électrique (11, 104) d'alimentation principale,
caractérisé en ce que
les moyens d'alimentation électrique comportent au moins
un ensemble (10) de condensateurs électriques ayant une capacité dimensionnée pour assurer à leur charge électrique nominale à la fois l'alimentation nominale dudit au moins un premier réseau électrique (5) de bord et l'alimentation électrique nominale dudit au moins un moteur électrique (4, 1004) d'entraînement par l'intermédiaire dudit bus électrique (11, 104) d'alimentation principale pour une vitesse de déplacement du navire inférieure ou égale à une vitesse déterminée, pouvant être par exemple de 5 noeuds, et
des moyens (25, 111) de connexion électrique agencés à bord du navire pour connecter l'ensemble (10) de condensateurs électriques à un autre réseau électrique situé en un point d'arrivée et/ou en un point de départ du navire, en vue de recharger les condensateurs à leur charge nominale et d'alimenter le premier réseau électrique (5) de bord durant l'arrêt au point d'arrivée et/ou au point de départ.The invention also relates to a self-propelled vessel, the vessel comprising at least a first electrical network (5) on board, at least one main power supply bus (11, 104), means (3) for propulsion, at least one motor (4, 1004) for driving said propulsion means (3), and power supply means for supplying the first electrical network (5) on board and said at least one driving motor (4, 1004) by via said main power bus (11, 104),
characterized in that
the power supply means comprise at least
an assembly (10) of electrical capacitors having a capacitance sized to provide at their nominal electrical load both the nominal power supply of said at least one first electrical network (5) on board and the nominal power supply of said at least one electric motor (4, 1004) via said main power bus (11, 104) for a speed of movement of the ship less than or equal to a determined speed, which may be for example 5 knots, and
means (25, 111) of electrical connection arranged on board the ship to connect the assembly (10) of electrical capacitors to another electrical network located at a point of arrival and / or at a starting point of the ship, in to recharge the capacitors to their nominal load and to supply the first electrical network (5) on board during the stop at the point of arrival and / or at the starting point.

Par exemple, ledit au moins un ensemble de condensateurs électriques a une capacité dimensionnée pour assurer à leur charge électrique nominale 100 % à la fois de l'alimentation nominale dudit au moins un premier réseau électrique (5) de bord et de l'alimentation électrique nominale dudit au moins un moteur électrique (4, 1004) d'entraînement, permettant d'effectuer la navigation là où elle est assujetti à une limitation de vitesse déterminée imposée, par exemple de l'ordre de 5 noeuds, à savoir par exemple dans les ports, les chenaux d'accès à un port (sauf réglementation locale) et dans la bande littorale des 300 mètres (à compter de la limite des eaux), par l'intermédiaire dudit bus électrique (11, 104) d'alimentation principale.For example, said at least one set of electrical capacitors has a capacitance dimensioned to ensure that their nominal electrical load is 100% of both the nominal power supply of said at least one first electrical network (5) on board and the power supply. nominal of said at least one electric motor (4, 1004) driving, to perform the navigation where it is subject to a fixed speed limit imposed, for example of the order of 5 knots, namely for example in harbors, harbor access channels (except local regulations) and in the 300-meter coastal strip (from the water boundary), through the said main power bus (11, 104) .

Suivant des modes de réalisation de l'invention :

  • Les moyens de connexion à bord du navire comportent des conducteurs aptes à être mis en contact lors de l'accostage du navire au point de départ et/ou au point d'arrivée avec des conducteurs extérieurs portés par des moyens mécaniques situés au point de départ et/ou au point d'arrivée pour compenser les différences de hauteur, compenser la distance entre le navire et un quai du point du départ et/ou d'arrivée et établir le contact électrique entre le navire et le quai.
  • Ou les moyens de connexion à bord du navire comportent des conducteurs portés par des moyens mécaniques agencés pour compenser les différences de hauteur entre le navire et un quai du point du départ et/ou d'arrivée et pour compenser la distance entre le navire et le quai et agencés pour être mis en contact électrique lors de l'accostage du navire au point de départ et/ou au point d'arrivée avec des conducteurs extérieurs agencés au quai.
  • L'ensemble des condensateurs est du type super capacités.
  • Les moyens d'alimentation comprennent au moins un groupe électrogène de soutien et de secours entraîné par au moins un moteur à combustion alimenté par une réserve de carburant embarquée.
  • L'ensemble de condensateurs comporte une pluralité de branches, des moyens pour mettre les branches en parallèle, chaque branche comportant plusieurs modules aptes à être mis en série.
  • Le navire est muni de moyens de circuit électrique dimensionné pour permettre la charge nominale de l'ensemble de condensateurs depuis une charge nulle en une durée inférieure ou égale à 10 minutes.
  • Ou l'ensemble (10) des condensateurs est relié au premier côté continu (42) d'au moins un convertisseur continu-continu (41), dont le deuxième côté continu (43) est relié audit bus de courant continu (11) connecté au premier côté continu (12, 15, 18) d'au moins un convertisseur continu-alternatif (13, 16, 19), dont le côté alternatif (14, 17, 20) est relié audit au moins un moteur électrique (4) d'entraînement et audit premier réseau électrique de bord (5) pour leur alimentation en courant alternatif, le bus continu (11) étant également relié au premier côté continu (22) d'au moins un autre convertisseur continu-alternatif (23), dont le deuxième côté alternatif (24) est relié à des conducteurs (25) d'entrée, destinés à être connectés à une source extérieure (100, S) de courant alternatif pour le rechargement des condensateurs.
  • Lesdits moyens de connexion électriques à bord du navire sont situés près de la zone d'accostage de celui-ci et comprennent des conducteurs aptes à être mis en contact avec des conducteurs complémentaires restant au point de départ et/ou au point d'arrivée pour la recharge des condensateurs.
According to embodiments of the invention:
  • The means of connection on board the ship comprise conductors able to be brought into contact during the docking of the ship at the point of departure and / or at the point of arrival with external conductors carried by mechanical means at the starting point and / or at the point of arrival to compensate for differences in height, to compensate the distance between the ship and a wharf from the point of departure and / or arrival and to establish electrical contact between the ship and the wharf.
  • Or the means of connection to the ship include conductors carried by mechanical means arranged to compensate for differences in height between the ship and a platform of the point of departure and / or arrival and to compensate for the distance between the ship and the dock and arranged to be in electrical contact when docking the ship at the starting point and / or the point of arrival with external conductors arranged at the dock.
  • The set of capacitors is of the super capacitance type.
  • The supply means comprise at least one support and emergency generator driven by at least one combustion engine powered by an on-board fuel reserve.
  • The set of capacitors comprises a plurality of branches, means for putting the branches in parallel, each branch comprising several modules capable of being put in series.
  • The vessel is provided with electrical circuit means sized to allow the rated load of the capacitor set from a zero load in less than or equal to 10 minutes.
  • Or the set (10) of the capacitors is connected to the first DC side (42) of at least one DC-DC converter (41), whose second DC side (43) is connected to said connected DC bus (11) at the first continuous side (12, 15, 18) of at least one DC-AC converter (13, 16, 19), whose reciprocating side (14, 17, 20) is connected to said at least one electric motor (4) drive and said first on-board electrical network (5) for their AC power supply, the DC bus (11) also being connected to the first DC side (22) of at least one further DC-AC converter (23), wherein the second reciprocating side (24) is connected to input leads (25) for connection to an external AC source (100, S) for recharging the capacitors.
  • Said electrical connection means on board the ship are located near the docking area thereof and include conductors capable of being brought into contact with complementary conductors remaining at the starting point and / or the point of arrival for recharging capacitors.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente un schéma électrique global du navire suivant un premier mode de réalisation à base d'un bus de courant continu et d'un moteur de propulsion à courant alternatif,
  • la figure 2 représente un schéma électrique global du navire suivant un deuxième mode de réalisation à base d'un bus de courant alternatif et d'un moteur de propulsion à courant alternatif,
  • la figure 3 représente un schéma électrique global du navire suivant une variante de la figure 1 à base d'un bus de courant continu et d'un moteur de propulsion à courant continu,
  • la figure 4 représente un schéma électrique global du navire suivant une variante de la figure 2 à base d'un bus de courant alternatif et d'un moteur de propulsion à courant continu,
  • la figure 5 représente en perspective un exemple de réalisation des moyens de connexion du navire suivant l'invention,
  • la figure 6 est une vue agrandie en perspective d'une partie de la figure 5,
  • la figure 7 représente en perspective une variante de la figure 5,
  • la figure 8 est une vue agrandie en perspective d'une partie de la figure 7,
  • la figure 9 représente un schéma électrique global du navire suivant un troisième mode de réalisation à base d'un bus de courant continu et d'un moteur de propulsion à courant alternatif,
  • la figure 10 représente un schéma électrique global du navire suivant un quatrième mode de réalisation à base d'un bus de courant continu et d'un moteur de propulsion à courant alternatif.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 represents a global wiring diagram of the ship according to a first embodiment based on a DC bus and an AC propulsion motor,
  • the figure 2 represents a global wiring diagram of the ship according to a second embodiment based on an AC bus and an AC propulsion motor,
  • the figure 3 represents an overall wiring diagram of the ship following a variant of the figure 1 based on a DC bus and a DC propulsion motor,
  • the figure 4 represents an overall wiring diagram of the ship following a variant of the figure 2 based on an AC bus and a DC propulsion motor,
  • the figure 5 represents in perspective an embodiment of the connection means of the ship according to the invention,
  • the figure 6 is an enlarged perspective view of some of the figure 5 ,
  • the figure 7 represents in perspective a variant of the figure 5 ,
  • the figure 8 is an enlarged perspective view of some of the figure 7 ,
  • the figure 9 represents a global wiring diagram of the ship according to a third embodiment based on a DC bus and an AC propulsion motor,
  • the figure 10 represents a global wiring diagram of the ship according to a fourth embodiment based on a DC bus and an AC propulsion motor.

Aux figures, le navire 1 comporte une coque 2 et des moyens 3 de propulsion dans l'eau, tels que par exemple une ou plusieurs hélices 3.In the figures, the ship 1 comprises a hull 2 and means 3 of propulsion in the water, such as for example one or more propellers 3.

Les moyens 3 de propulsion sont mis en mouvement par un ou plusieurs moteurs 4 électriques.The propulsion means 3 are set in motion by one or more electric motors 4.

Le navire 1 comporte également un réseau 5 électrique de bord comprenant par exemple l'éclairage 5c, le chauffage 5d, les systèmes de sécurité et de navigation, la conduite des machines, les espaces vie et toutes les installations électriques à bord du navire, autres que le ou les moteurs 4 servant à la propulsion.The vessel 1 also comprises an electrical onboard network 5 comprising, for example, the lighting 5c, the heater 5d, the safety and navigation systems, the driving of the machines, the life spaces and all the electrical installations on board the ship, other the engine or engines 4 for propulsion.

Suivant l'invention, le réseau électrique 5 de bord et le ou les moteurs électriques 4 de propulsion sont alimentés en électricité à partir d'un ensemble embarqué 10 de condensateurs électriques et éventuellement de groupes électrogènes.According to the invention, the on-board electrical network 5 and the electric propulsion motor (s) 4 are supplied with electricity from an on-board assembly 10 of electrical capacitors and possibly generating sets.

La capacité électrique de l'ensemble 10 est dimensionnée pour pouvoir assurer de 5 à 100 % de la capacité nominale correspondant à la propulsion du navire 1 sur une distance de consigne prescrite correspondant à la navigation entre un point de départ et un point d'arrivée, ce point d'arrivée pouvant être différent ou identique au point de départ.The electrical capacity of the assembly 10 is dimensioned to be able to provide from 5 to 100% of the nominal capacity corresponding to the propulsion of the ship 1 over a prescribed set distance corresponding to the navigation between a starting point and an arrival point. , this arrival point may be different or identical to the starting point.

La capacité électrique et la charge électrique nominale de l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs est calculée pour pouvoir assurer le ratio R de 5 à 100 % d'autonomie en alimentation d'électricité du ou des moteurs 4 de propulsion du navire et pour fournir l'électricité consommée pendant le trajet par le réseau électrique 5 de bord.The electrical capacitance and the nominal electrical load of the capacitor set 10 is calculated so as to be able to ensure the ratio R of 5 to 100% of the power supply autonomy of the ship's propulsion motor (s) 4 and to provide the electricity consumed during the trip by the electrical network 5 on board.

D'une manière générale, 5 % ≤ R ≤ 100 %. Notamment, R ≥ 25 %, ou R ≥ 50%.In general, 5% ≤ R ≤ 100%. In particular, R ≥ 25%, or R ≥ 50%.

Pour avoir une plus grande sécurité, 100 % ≤ R ≤ 130 % ou 130 % ≤ R ≤ 260 %, ou 100 % ≤ R ≤ 260 %, ou R ≥ 260%, en considérant que 100% correspond à un trajet aller du point de départ au point d'arrivée ou un trajet retour du point d'arrivée au point de départ, 30 % à une marge de sécurité par trajet, 200 % à un trajet aller et un trajet retour, et 60 % à une marge de sécurité pour un trajet aller et un trajet retour.For greater safety, 100% ≤ R ≤ 130% or 130% ≤ R ≤ 260%, or 100% ≤ R ≤ 260%, or R ≥ 260%, considering that 100% corresponds to a one-way trip from the point of arrival to the point of arrival, 30% to one safety margin per journey, 200% to one outward and one return journey, and 60% to a margin of safety for a one-way trip and a return trip.

En particulier, l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs comporte des composants du type super-capacités capables d'être rechargées de manière très rapide durant le temps limité des escales, puis d'être déchargées lentement durant la traversée du point de départ et/ou du point d'arrivée. Les condensateurs de l'ensemble 10, sont par exemple regroupés en plusieurs modules distincts ayant chacun un boîtier extérieur distinct. L'ensemble 10 comporte ainsi par exemple plusieurs bancs de super-capacités.In particular, the capacitor set 10 includes super capacitance-type components capable of being recharged very quickly during the limited time of calls and then being discharged slowly during the crossing of the starting point and / or the arrival point. The capacitors of the assembly 10, for example are grouped into several separate modules each having a separate outer housing. The assembly 10 thus comprises for example several banks of super-capacitors.

Un exemple de dimensionnement pour un navire affecté au parcours d'une distance de consigne fixe est le suivant :

  • pour un ferry de 2300 tonnes et d'environ 100 mètres de long, devant transporter jusqu'à 350 passagers, 115 voitures et 10 camions poids lourds sur une distance de consigne de 2 à 3 miles nautiques à une vitesse d'environ 12 à 13 noeuds, un aller simple sur cette distance de consigne nécessite une énergie de 185 kWh ;
  • pour tenir compte du vent, des vagues et des manoeuvres au point de départ et au point d'arrivée, on ajoute une marge de 30 %, ce qui donne une énergie nominale à stocker dans les condensateurs de 240 kWh ;
  • la tension du ou des moteurs électriques 4 est de 500 à 1000 V, typiquement 690 V ;
  • pour former l'ensemble 10, on utilise 2650 modules de condensateurs, chaque module faisant 63 F de capacité, les modules représentant une capacité électrique équivalente de 2520 F ; les modules ont chacun une tension nominale de 125 V ; ces modules de condensateurs représentant un poids de 150 tonnes sur les 2300 tonnes du ferry.
  • Les modules de super-capacités sont par exemple les modules ayant la référence BMOD0063-125V de la société MAXWELL TECHNOLOGIES ayant chacun une capacité nominale de 63 F et une tension nominale de fonctionnement de 125 V, basée sur des super-capacités du type BOOSTCAP BCAP3000 ayant une capacité de 3000 F et une tension de fonctionnement de 2,7 V.
  • Ce type de condensateur permet d'être chargé à sa tension nominale de charge en environ 5 minutes. Ce temps d'arrêt au point de départ et au point d'arrivée peut être exploité pour l'embarquement et le débarquement des passagers et des véhicules.
  • Ce dimensionnement tient compte du trajet durant environ 12 minutes entre le point de départ et le point d'arrivée, d'au total 2 à 3 minutes de temps de manoeuvre pour accoster au point de départ et au point d'arrivée.
  • Cet exemple d'ensemble 10 de condensateurs permet d'effectuer un cycle complet de 20 minutes permettant de parcourir la distance de consigne de 2 à 3 miles et de recharger les condensateurs pour effectuer un nouveau cycle.
An example of sizing for a vessel assigned to the course of a fixed set distance is as follows:
  • for a 2300-tonne and approximately 100-meter-long ferry, carrying up to 350 passengers, 115 cars and 10 trucks over a distance of 2 to 3 nautical miles at a speed of approximately 12 to 13 knots, one way on this set distance requires an energy of 185 kWh;
  • to account for wind, waves and maneuvers at the starting point and at the point of arrival, a margin of 30% is added, which gives a nominal energy to be stored in the capacitors of 240 kWh;
  • the voltage of the electric motor (s) 4 is 500 to 1000 V, typically 690 V;
  • to form the assembly 10, 2650 capacitor modules are used, each module making 63 F capacity, the modules representing an equivalent electrical capacity of 2520 F; the modules each have a nominal voltage of 125 V; these capacitor modules represent a weight of 150 tons on the 2300 tons of the ferry.
  • The super-capacity modules are for example the modules having reference BMOD0063-125V MAXWELL TECHNOLOGIES company each having a nominal capacity of 63 F and a nominal operating voltage of 125 V, based on super-capacity type BOOSTCAP BCAP3000 having a capacity of 3000 F and an operating voltage of 2.7 V.
  • This type of capacitor can be charged at its nominal charging voltage in about 5 minutes. This time of stopping at the point of departure and at the point of arrival can be exploited for the loading and unloading of passengers and vehicles.
  • This dimensioning takes into account the journey lasting approximately 12 minutes between the starting point and the arrival point, for a total of 2 to 3 minutes of maneuvering time for docking at the starting point and the finishing point.
  • This example set of capacitors 10 makes it possible to carry out a complete cycle of 20 minutes making it possible to travel the set distance of 2 to 3 miles and to recharge the capacitors to carry out a new cycle.

Bien entendu, le navire peut être autre qu'un navire affecté au parcours d'une distance de consigne.Of course, the ship may be other than a vessel assigned to the course of a set distance.

Bien entendu, les condensateurs pourraient être utilisés pour parcourir seulement une partie d'une distance, le reste de la distance étant parcouru en étant alimenté par un ou plusieurs moteurs Diesel prévus sur le navire. Un système peut être prévu sur le navire pour basculer entre l'alimentation par l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs et l'alimentation par moteur(s) Diesel. En particulier, une possibilité est d'effectuer le parcours d'une distance, avant port et/ou après port, c'est-à-dire dans la zone proche du port, uniquement par l'alimentation de l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs, pour éviter la pollution due aux moteurs Diesel. Cette zone fait par exemple moins d'un mille nautique jusqu'au port, par exemple environ 0.3 mille nautique. L'ensemble 10 de condensateurs est par exemple utilisé pour l'alimentation pour les vitesses de déplacement basses, par exemple inférieures à une vitesse de consigne, pouvant être par exemple de l'ordre de 5 noeuds, qui correspond en général à la limitation de vitesse dans les ports, les chenaux d'accès aux ports et la bande littorale.Of course, the capacitors could be used to travel only part of a distance, the rest of the distance being traveled while being powered by one or more diesel engines provided on the ship. A system may be provided on the vessel to switch between the power supply by the capacitor set 10 and the diesel engine power supply (s). In particular, one possibility is to carry out the path of a distance, before port and / or after port, that is to say in the zone near the port, only by the supply of the set of capacitors 10 , to avoid pollution due to diesel engines. This area is for example less than a nautical mile to the port, for example about 0.3 nautical mile. The capacitor assembly 10 is for example used for supplying low movement speeds, for example less than a set speed, which may be for example of the order of 5 knots, which generally corresponds to the limitation of speed in ports, port access channels and the coastal strip.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs est relié directement à un bus continu 11. Le bus continu 11 est relié au premier côté continu 12 d'un premier convertisseur continu-alternatif 13, dont le deuxième côté alternatif 14 est relié au réseau électrique 5 de bord. Le bus continu 11 est relié au premier côté continu 15 d'un deuxième convertisseur continu-alternatif 16, dont le deuxième côté alternatif 17 est relié au moteur électrique 4 pour l'alimenter en courant électrique alternatif pour entraîner en rotation une première hélice 3 de propulsion. Dans le cas où une autre hélice 3 de propulsion est prévue, le bus continu 11 est relié au premier côté continu 18 d'un troisième convertisseur continu-alternatif 19, dont le deuxième côté alternatif 20 est relié à un autre moteur électrique 4 pour l'alimenter en courant électrique alternatif afin d'entraîner en rotation une autre hélice 3 de propulsion.In the embodiment of the figure 1 , the capacitor set 10 is connected directly to a DC bus 11. The DC bus 11 is connected to the first DC side 12 of a first DC-AC converter 13, the second AC side 14 of which is connected to the electrical network 5. edge. The DC bus 11 is connected to the first DC side 15 of a second DC-AC converter 16, the second AC side 17 of which is connected to the electric motor 4 to supply AC electric power to drive in rotation a first helix 3 of propulsion. In the case where another propulsion propeller 3 is provided, the DC bus 11 is connected to the first DC side 18 of a third DC-AC converter 19, the second AC side 20 of which is connected to another electric motor 4 for the transmission. supplying alternating electric current in order to drive in rotation another propeller 3 propulsion.

Le bus continu 11 est également relié sur le navire 1 par des conducteurs électriques 21 au premier côté continu 22 d'un quatrième convertisseur continu-alternatif 23, dont le deuxième côté alternatif 24 est relié à des deuxièmes conducteurs électriques de courant alternatif 25. Ces conducteurs électriques 25 sont destinés à être reliés à une source de courant alternatif lorsque le navire se trouve au point de départ et/ou point d'arrivée.The continuous bus 11 is also connected to the ship 1 by electrical conductors 21 at the first continuous side 22 of a fourth DC-to-AC converter 23, the second reciprocating side 24 of which is connected to second AC electrical conductors 25. electrical conductors 25 are intended to be connected to an AC power source when the ship is at the point of departure and / or the point of arrival.

A cet effet, le point de départ et/ou le point d'arrivée, comportant par exemple un quai, comporte un réseau électrique terrestre S, apte à fournir du courant électrique alternatif sur des conducteurs de sortie 100 extérieurs, ne faisant pas partie du navire. Lorsque le navire est arrêté au point de départ et/ou au point d'arrivée comportant ces conducteurs 100 de sortie, on branche les conducteurs 25 sur les conducteurs de sortie 100 pour recevoir du courant alternatif provenant de la source située à ce point de départ et/ou à ce point d'arrivée. La figure 1 représente le navire dans cette situation. Le courant fourni par les conducteurs 100 de sortie recharge alors l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs à sa charge électrique nominale et alimente le premier réseau de bord 5 et les moteurs 4 d'entrainement. Puis on débranche les conducteurs 25 par rapport aux conducteurs 100 de sortie et le navire quitte ensuite le point de départ et/ou le point d'arrivée.For this purpose, the starting point and / or the arrival point, comprising for example a platform, comprises a terrestrial electrical network S, capable of supplying alternating electric current on external output conductors 100, which are not part of the ship. When the vessel is stopped at the starting point and / or at the point of arrival comprising these output conductors 100, the conductors 25 are connected to the output conductors 100 in order to receive alternating current coming from the source situated at this point of departure. and / or at this point of arrival. The figure 1 represents the ship in this situation. The current supplied by the output leads 100 then recharges the set of capacitors 10 to its nominal electrical load and feeds the first edge network 5 and the drive motors 4. Then the conductors 25 are disconnected from the output conductors 100 and the vessel then leaves the starting point and / or the point of arrival.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs est relié au premier côté continu 101 d'un premier convertisseur continu-alternatif 102, dont le deuxième côté alternatif 103 est relié à un bus alternatif 104. Le bus alternatif 104 est relié directement au réseau 5 électrique de bord. Le bus alternatif 104 est relié au premier côté alternatif 105 d'un deuxième convertisseur alternatif-alternatif 106 dont le deuxième côté alternatif 107 est relié au moteur électrique 4 pour l'alimenter en courant alternatif afin d'entraîner en rotation une première hélice 3 de propulsion. Dans le cas où une autre hélice 3 de propulsion est prévue, le bus alternatif 104 est relié au premier côté 108 d'un troisième convertisseur alternatif alternatif 109, dont le deuxième côté alternatif 110 est relié à un autre moteur électrique 4 pour l'alimenter en courant alternatif, afin d'entraîner en rotation cette autre hélice 3 de propulsion. L'ensemble 10 de condensateurs est également relié au premier côté continu 121 d'un deuxième convertisseur continu-alternatif 122, dont le deuxième côté alternatif 123 est relié à des conducteurs électriques 111. Les conducteurs électriques 111 sont destinés à être branchés sur des conducteurs 100 de sortie situés au point de départ et/ou au point d'arrivée lors de l'arrêt du navire en ce point de départ et/ou en ce point d'arrivée.In the embodiment of the figure 2 the capacitor set 10 is connected to the first continuous side 101 of a first DC-AC converter 102, the second AC side 103 of which is connected to an AC bus 104. The AC bus 104 is connected directly to the AC power supply. edge. The reciprocating bus 104 is connected to the first reciprocating side 105 of a second alternating-reciprocating converter 106, the second reciprocating side 107 of which is connected to the electric motor 4 for supplying alternating current therein in order to drive in rotation a first propeller 3 of propulsion. In the case where another propeller 3 propulsion is provided, the reciprocating bus 104 is connected to the first side 108 of a third reciprocating AC converter 109, the second reciprocating side 110 of which is connected to another electric motor 4 to supply it. alternating current, to drive in rotation this other propeller 3 propulsion. The capacitor assembly 10 is also connected to the first DC side 121 of a second DC-AC converter 122, whose second AC side 123 is connected to electrical conductors 111. The electrical conductors 111 are intended to be connected to conductors 100 at the point of departure and / or at the point of arrival when the vessel is stopped at that point of departure and / or at that point of arrival.

La figure 3 est une variante de la figure 1, où le ou les moteurs 4 à courant alternatif sont remplacés par un ou des moteurs 1004 à courant continu et où le ou les convertisseurs 16, 20 sont remplacés par un ou des convertisseurs continu-continu de type hacheur 1005, 1006 entre le bus continu 11 et le ou les moteurs 1004 continus, pour transformer la tension continue du bus continu 11 en une tension continue variable pour le fonctionnement du ou des moteurs 1004 continus.The figure 3 is a variant of the figure 1 , where the AC motor (s) 4 are replaced by one or more DC motors 1004 and in which the converter (s) 16, 20 are replaced by one or more chopper-type DC converters 1005, 1006 between the DC bus 11 and the DC motor (s) 1004, to transform the DC voltage of the DC bus 11 into a variable DC voltage for the operation of the DC motor (s) 1004.

La figure 4 est une variante de la figure 2, où le ou les moteurs 4 à courant alternatif sont remplacés par un ou des moteurs 1004 à courant continu et où le ou les convertisseurs 106, 109 sont remplacés par un ou des convertisseurs alternatif continu 1007, 1012, par exemple un ou des redresseurs, entre le bus alternatif 104 et le ou les moteurs 4 continus pour fournir au moteur(s) 4 une tension continue variable. Le côté alternatif 1008 du convertisseur 1007 alternatif-continu est relié au bus alternatif 104. Le côté continu 1009 du convertisseur 1007 alternatif-continu est relié à un premier moteur continu 1004 d'entraînement en rotation de la première hélice 3 de propulsion. Le côté alternatif 1010 du convertisseur 1012 alternatif continu est relié au bus alternatif 104. Le côté continu 1011 du convertisseur 1012 alternatif-continu est relié à un deuxième moteur continu 1004 d'entraînement en rotation de la deuxième hélice 3 de propulsion.The figure 4 is a variant of the figure 2 , where the AC motor (s) 4 are replaced by DC motor (s) 1004 and in which the converter (s) 106, 109 are replaced by one or more DC converters 1007, 1012, for example one or more rectifiers, between the AC bus 104 and the DC motor (s) 4 to provide the motor (s) 4 with a variable DC voltage. The alternating side 1008 of the AC-DC converter 1007 is connected to the AC bus 104. The DC side 1009 of the AC-DC converter 1007 is connected to a first continuous motor 1004 for rotating the first propeller 3. The alternating side 1010 of the DC AC converter 1012 is connected to the AC bus 104. The DC side 1011 of the DC AC converter 1012 is connected to a second DC motor 1004 for rotating the second propeller 3.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, le convertisseur 23 ou 122 se trouve non pas sur le navire, mais en amont des conducteurs de sortie 100. Les conducteurs 100 alimentent dans ce mode de réalisation directement le bus principal de courant continu 11.In another embodiment, the converter 23 or 122 is not on the ship, but upstream of the output conductors 100. The conductors 100 supply in this embodiment directly the main bus DC 11.

La figure 5 représente un des exemples de réalisation des moyens de connexion 25, 111 et 100.The figure 5 represents one of the exemplary embodiments of the connection means 25, 111 and 100.

Les conducteurs 25, 111 de connexion situés sur le navire sont par exemple prévus sur un montant ou support 140 situé à la poupe et/ou à la proue du navire 1, et ce du côté bâbord et/ou tribord, par exemple babord et tribord, à la poupe 2a et à la proue 2b à la figure 5, le support 140 étant tourné vers le point de départ PD et/ou le point d'arrivée PA lors de l'accostage (l'échelle de la distance entre les points PA et PD n'étant pas respectée à la figure 5). Les conducteurs 100 de sortie reliés à la source d'électricité S sont par exemple du type pantographe.The connecting conductors 25, 111 located on the ship are for example provided on a post or support 140 located at the stern and / or the bow of the ship 1, and on the port and / or starboard side, for example port and starboard , at stern 2a and at bow 2b at figure 5 , the support 140 being turned towards the departure point PD and / or the arrival point PA during the docking (the scale of the distance between the points PA and PD not being respected at the figure 5 ). The output leads 100 connected to the electricity source S are for example of the pantograph type.

Le moyen de connexion situé au point de départ et/ou au point d'arrivée comprend un moyen 202, par exemple sous la forme d'un poteau 202, qui supporte au moins un pantographe 203. Par exemple, à la figure 5, il est prévu deux poteaux 202 supportant chacun un pantographe 203, pour venir en contact chacun avec les conducteurs 25 ou 111 d'un support 140 associé. Bien entendu, il peut être prévu un nombre quelconque de couples support 140 - pantographe 203, ce nombre étant au moins égal à un.The connecting means located at the starting point and / or the point of arrival comprises a means 202, for example in the form of a pole 202, which supports at least one pantograph 203. For example, at the figure 5 , there are two posts 202 each supporting a pantograph 203, to come into contact each with the conductors 25 or 111 of a support 140 associated. Of course, any number of support pairs 140 - pantograph 203 may be provided, this number being at least equal to one.

La figure 6 est une vue agrandie d'un support 140 situé sur le navire et d'un pantographe 203 porté par son poteau 202 fixé au point de départ ou au point d'arrivée. Le pantographe 203 comporte des conducteurs 204 tournés vers l'extérieur par rapport à la terre, ces conducteurs 204 étant reliés aux conducteurs 100 de sortie, eux-mêmes reliés à la source de courant alternatif terrestre S. Le pantographe 203 est par exemple prévu sur le quai ou la passerelle d'embarquement et de débarquement 207 où le navire 1 doit accoster ainsi que représenté à la figure 5.The figure 6 is an enlarged view of a support 140 located on the ship and a pantograph 203 carried by its post 202 fixed at the starting point or the point of arrival. The pantograph 203 comprises 204 conductors facing outwards with respect to the earth, these conductors 204 being connected to the output conductors 100, themselves connected to the terrestrial AC source S. The pantograph 203 is for example provided on the wharf or the boarding and unloading gangway 207 where the ship 1 must dock as well as represented at the figure 5 .

Le montant 140 du navire supporte un moyen de liaison des conducteurs 25, 111 au pantographe 204 lors de l'accostage.The amount 140 of the ship supports a connecting means of the conductors 25, 111 to the pantograph 204 during docking.

Ces moyens de liaison sont par exemple formées par deux conducteurs nus et distincts (caténaires) 130, 131 tendus devant le montant 140 situé à l'avant et à l'arrière du navire, permettant aux conducteurs 204 du pantographe 203 de glisser sur les conducteurs 130, 131 et de compenser les mouvements du navire 1 en fonction de son chargement et des mouvements de la surface de l'eau. Les conducteurs nus 130 et 131 s'étendent sur une plage 132 ayant une hauteur déterminée, pour que les conducteurs 204 du pantographe puissent monter et descendre dans cette plage de hauteur 132 au gré des mouvements du navire. Le pantographe assure une possibilité de déplacement horizontal de ses conducteurs 204 par rapport au support 202 en contraignant ses conducteurs 204 à être appliqués contre les conducteurs 130 et 131, au gré des mouvements du navire. Le pantographe a également un degré de liberté en hauteur de ses conducteurs 204 par rapport au support 202, au gré des mouvements du navire.These connecting means are for example formed by two bare and distinct (catenary) conductors 130, 131 stretched in front of the upright 140 located at the front and the rear of the ship, allowing the conductors 204 of the pantograph 203 to slide on the conductors 130, 131 and to compensate the movements of the ship 1 according to its loading and the movements of the surface of the water. The bare conductors 130 and 131 extend over a range 132 having a predetermined height, so that the conductors 204 of the pantograph can move up and down in this height range 132 according to the movements of the ship. The pantograph provides a possibility of horizontal displacement of its conductors 204 relative to the support 202 by constraining its conductors 204 to be applied against the conductors 130 and 131, according to the movements of the ship. The pantograph also has a degree of freedom in height of its conductors 204 relative to the support 202, according to the movements of the ship.

Lorsque le bateau a accosté, les conducteurs 130 et 131 du navire 1 touchent de manière permanente les conducteurs 204 du pantographe 203 pour recharger pendant une durée prescrite l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs à partir de la source S. Le courant alternatif fourni par la source S aux conducteurs 25, 111 est alternatif haute tension, avec par exemple une tension efficace de l'ordre de 20000 V. Le pantographe permet un ajustement aux mouvements d'avancée et de recul du navire, puis un ajustement aux mouvements de l'eau. Les poteaux 202 sont par exemple prévus sur une avancée latérale 205 du quai 207. Par exemple deux avancées latérales 205 et 206 sont prévues, entre lesquelles se trouve la zone 207 d'embarquement et de débarquement de passagers et/ou de véhicules sur un quai, la distance entre les deux avancées 205 et 206 étant supérieure à la largeur du navire en sa poupe et/ou en sa proue pour un accostage de la poupe ou de la proue au quai 207.When the boat has docked, the conductors 130 and 131 of the ship 1 permanently touch the conductors 204 of the pantograph 203 to recharge for a prescribed time the set of capacitors from the source S. The alternating current supplied by the source S to the conductors 25, 111 is alternating high voltage, with for example an effective voltage of the order of 20000 V. The pantograph allows adjustment to the forward and backward movements of the ship, and then an adjustment to the movements of the water . The posts 202 are for example provided on a lateral advance 205 of the platform 207. For example two lateral advances 205 and 206 are provided, between which is the zone 207 for loading and unloading passengers and / or vehicles on a platform , the distance between the two advances 205 and 206 being greater than the width of the ship at its stern and / or in its bow for a docking of the stern or the bow at the pier 207.

Les figures 7 et 8 représentent une variante des figures 6 et 7, où le support 202 est mobile par rapport au point de départ PD et/ou au point d'arrivée PA. Le support 202 est prévu sur un flotteur 200 passant dans un guide 201 fixé à terre. Le guide 201 maintient le poteau en position en coordonnées horizontales, avec un degré de liberté en hauteur au gré des mouvements de la surface W de l'eau sur lequel se trouve le flotteur 200.The figures 7 and 8 represent a variant of figures 6 and 7 , where the support 202 is movable relative to the starting point PD and / or the arrival point PA. The support 202 is provided on a float 200 passing through a guide 201 fixed to the ground. The guide 201 maintains the post in position in horizontal coordinates, with a degree of freedom in height according to the movements of the surface W of the water on which the float 200 is located.

Dans une autre mode de réalisation, le pantographe décrit ci-dessus pourrait être prévu sur le navire, les conducteurs 25 ou 111 étant reliés sur le navire aux conducteurs 204 du pantographe 203, et les conducteurs 130, 131 étant reliés à la source S de courant et étant prévus au point de départ et/ou au point d'arrivée.In another embodiment, the pantograph described above could be provided on the ship, the conductors 25 or 111 being connected on the ship to the conductors 204 of the pantograph 203, and the leads 130, 131 being connected to the source S of current and being provided at the point of departure and / or at the point of arrival.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, les moyens de connexion 25, 111 et 100 pourraient être également sous la forme d'un robot ou d'un bras mécanique sur le navire et/ou sur le quai.In another embodiment, the connection means 25, 111 and 100 could also be in the form of a robot or a mechanical arm on the ship and / or on the platform.

Les super capacités ou super condensateurs ou modules utilisés ont un nombre de cycles admissibles supérieur ou égal à 100 000, voire à 500 000 ou 1 000 000. Les super capacités utilisés dans l'ensemble 10 présentent l'avantage d'un grand nombre possible de cycles de travail en charge et décharge, qui est d'un million dans l'exemple de dimensionnement mentionné ci-dessus.The super capacitors or supercapacitors or modules used have a number of admissible cycles greater than or equal to 100,000 or even 500,000 or 1,000,000. The super capacitors used in the assembly 10 have the advantage of a large number of possible of load and unload duty cycles, which is one million in the sizing example mentioned above.

On améliore donc la longévité de l'alimentation énergétique du navire. Ainsi, dans le cas d'un ferry devant effectuer 25 allers-retours par jour, soit 50 trajets, la durée de vie de l'ensemble de condensateurs est d'environ 30 ans.This improves the longevity of the ship's energy supply. Thus, in the case of a ferry to make 25 round trips a day, or 50 trips, the life of the set of capacitors is about 30 years.

Les super capacités ou super condensateurs ou modules utilisés sont utilisés avec un circuit électrique embarqué et dimensionné sur le navire permettant une charge nominale en un temps inférieur ou égal à 10 minutes, voire inférieur ou égal à 5 minutes ou 3 minutes pour que la charge puisse être faite pendant un temps d'arrêt au point de départ et/ou au point d'arrivée. Le circuit électrique sur le point de départ et/ou le point d'arrivée est également dimensionné pour permettre ce temps de charge, avec un transformateur dimensionné de manière adéquate pour arriver aux moyens de connexion.The super capacitors or super capacitors or modules used are used with an onboard electrical circuit and dimensioned on the ship allowing a nominal load in a time less than or equal to 10 minutes, or even less than or equal to 5 minutes or 3 minutes so that the load can be made during a downtime at the starting point and / or at the point of arrival. The electrical circuit at the point of departure and / or the point of arrival is also dimensioned to allow this charging time, with a transformer suitably dimensioned to reach the connection means.

Les modules sont par exemple disposés en série pour arriver à une tension requise en pleine charge, de par exemple 960 V continus dans l'exemple numérique ci-dessus, où 8 modules sont mis en série, apportant chacun 120 à 125 V. Par exemple, au moins deux ou trois modules sont en série. Plusieurs branches, avec dans chaque branche au moins deux ou trois modules en série, sont par exemple mises en parallèles dans l'ensemble 10, par exemple 320 branches de chacune 8 modules en série dans l'exemple numérique ci-dessus.The modules are for example arranged in series to arrive at a voltage required at full load, for example 960 V continuous in the numerical example above, where 8 modules are put in series, each providing 120 to 125 V. For example at least two or three modules are in series. Several branches, with in each branch at least two or three modules in series, are for example paralleled in the assembly 10, for example 320 branches of each 8 modules in series in the numerical example above.

Le moyen de connexion décrit en référence aux figures assure une connexion rapide du navire pour la recharge des condensateurs. Dans un mode de réalisation, le navire comporte au moins un moteur diesel de soutien et de secours et une réserve de carburant pour effectuer des convoyages et faire face à des fortunes de mer.The connection means described with reference to the figures provides a quick connection of the vessel for charging capacitors. In one embodiment, the vessel includes at least one backup and backup diesel engine and a fuel reserve for conducting convoys and dealing with sea fortunes.

Dans les conditions normales de navigation sur un trajet de consigne entre un point de départ et un point d'arrivée, l'ensemble 10 de super-capacité peut être dimensionné pour fournir la totalité de la source d'énergie nécessaire au trajet. Le moteur diesel peut venir en soutien ou en secours d'alimentation de l'ensemble (10), du bus de puissance 11 ou 104, ainsi que le réseau de bord 5 du navire, mais n'est pas la seule source d'énergie principale. Suivant un mode de réalisation, le navire est également équipé d'au moins un groupe électrogène qui peut alimenter le bus de puissance 11 et le réseau électrique de bord 5.Under normal conditions of navigation on a set-point path between a start point and an end point, the super-capacitance set can be sized to provide all of the power source needed for the journey. The diesel engine can come in support or backup supply of the assembly (10), the power bus 11 or 104, and the ship's onboard network 5, but is not the only source of energy main. According to one embodiment, the ship is also equipped with at least one generator that can power the power bus 11 and the on-board electrical network 5.

Par rapport au navire propulsé par des moteurs diesel à base de carburant fossile, le navire peut sur des trajets de consigne avoir comme source d'énergie principale l'électricité fournie par le quai. Cela diminuera considérablement l'empreinte CO2 du navire et réduit de manière considérable les coûts de carburant pour le moteur Diesel.Compared to the ship powered by diesel engines based on fossil fuel, the ship can on orders routes have as a main energy source the electricity supplied by the wharf. This will reduce significantly the CO 2 of the ship and dramatically reduces footprint fuel costs for the diesel engine.

Suivant l'invention, les moyens d'alimentation comportent un ensemble (10) de condensateurs électriques ayant une capacité dimensionnée pour assurer à leur charge nominale au moins 25 % des besoins énergétiques du navire sur la distance de consigne.According to the invention, the supply means comprise an assembly (10) of electrical capacitors having a capacity sized to ensure their nominal load at least 25% of the energy requirements of the ship over the set distance.

Lors de l'accostage au port le navire se connecte à un autre réseau électrique situé au point d'arrivée et/ou au point de départ, en vue de recharger les condensateurs à leur charge nominale et d'alimenter le bus de puissance 11 ou 104 et le réseau de bord électrique 5.When docking at the port the ship connects to another electrical network at the point of arrival and / or at the point of departure, in order to recharge the capacitors to their nominal load and to power the power bus 11 or 104 and the electrical edge network 5.

Dans ce qui précède, l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs peut être relié au reste du circuit électrique par au moins un convertisseur continu-continu.In the foregoing, the set of capacitors may be connected to the remainder of the electrical circuit by at least one DC-DC converter.

Le mode de réalisation de la figure 9 est similaire à celui de la figure 1 avec les mêmes éléments constitutifs, avec en supplément un convertisseur continu-continu 41 entre l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs et le bus continu 11. Le convertisseur continu-continu 41 comporte un premier côté continu 42 relié à l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs et un deuxième côté continu 43 relié au bus continu 11. Le convertisseur continu-continu 43 assure l'interface entre les condensateurs de l'ensemble 10 dont la tension varie avec leur niveau de charge et le bus continu 11 de distribution principal qui présente une tension fixe. Dans le cas des figures 1 à 4, où les condensateurs de l'ensemble 10 sont connectés directement sur le bus continu de distribution principale 11, les convertisseurs connectés à ce bus de distribution principale doivent être régulés pour tenir compte de la variation de tension du bus 11 lors des phases de charge et décharge des condensateurs de l'ensemble 10.The embodiment of the figure 9 is similar to that of the figure 1 with the same constituent elements, in addition to a DC-DC converter 41 between the capacitor set 10 and the DC bus 11. The DC-DC converter 41 has a first DC side 42 connected to the capacitor set 10 and a second DC side 43 connected to the DC bus 11. The DC-DC converter 43 provides the interface between the capacitors of the assembly 10 whose voltage varies with their charge level and the main distribution DC bus 11 which has a fixed voltage . In the case of Figures 1 to 4 , where the capacitors of the assembly 10 are connected directly to the main distribution DC bus 11, the converters connected to this main distribution bus must be regulated to take account of the voltage variation of the bus 11 during the charging phases and discharge of the capacitors of the assembly 10.

Le mode de réalisation de la figure 10 est similaire à celui de la figure 3 avec les mêmes éléments constitutifs, avec en supplément un convertisseur continu-continu 41 entre l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs et le bus continu 11. Le convertisseur continu-continu 41 comporte un premier côté continu 42 relié à l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs et un deuxième côté continu 43 relié au bus continu 11.The embodiment of the figure 10 is similar to that of the figure 3 with the same constituent elements, with in addition a DC-DC converter 41 between the capacitor set 10 and the DC bus 11. The DC-DC converter 41 has a first DC side 42 connected to the set of capacitors 10 and a second continuous side 43 connected to the continuous bus 11.

Aux figures 2 et 4, l'ensemble 10 de condensateurs peut également être relié aux convertisseurs continu-alternatif 102 et 122 par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un convertisseur continu-continu.To the figures 2 and 4 the capacitor set 10 may also be connected to DC-AC converters 102 and 122 via at least one DC-DC converter.

Claims (12)

  1. A self propelled ship, the ship comprising at least a first shipboard electric network (5), at least one main electrical supply bus (11, 104), propulsion means (3), at least one drive motor (4, 1004) for driving said propulsion means (3), and supply means for supplying with electricity the first shipboard electric network (5) and said at least one drive motor (4, 1004) through said main electrical supply bus (11, 104), and electrical means comprising at least one set of electric capacitors,
    characterized in that
    the set (10) of electric capacitors has a capacitance sized so as to provide, at their nominal electrical charge, at least temporarily, both of the nominal supply of said at least one first shipboard electric network (5) and of the nominal electrical supply of said at least one electric drive motor (4, 1004) through said main electrical supply bus (11, 10A), and
    electrical connection means (25, 111) are arranged on board the ship for connecting the set (10) of electric capacitors to another electric network located at an arrival point and/or at a departure point of the ship, for the purpose of recharging the capacitors to their nominal charge and to supply the first shipboard electric network (5) during a stop at the arrival point and/or at the departure point.
  2. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the ship is assigned to navigation over a prescribed distance situated between a departure point and an arrival point, said at least one set (10) of electric capacitors having a capacitance sized to provide, at their nominal electrical charge, a ratio (R) equal to at least 25% of both of the nominal supply of said at least one first shipboard electric network (5) over the prescribed distance and of the nominal electrical supply of said at least one electric drive motor (4, 1004), allowing travel over the prescribed distance, through said main electrical supply bus (11),
    electrical connection means (25, 111) being arranged aboard the ship for connecting the set (10) of electric capacitors to the other electric network located at the arrival point and/or at the departure point of the ship, for the purpose of recharging the capacitors to their nominal charge and to supply the first shipboard electric network (5) during a stop at the arrival point and/or at the departure point.
  3. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one set (10) of electric capacitors has a capacitance sized to provide, at their electric nominal charge, both the nominal supply of said at least one first shipboard electric network (5) over a prescribed distance and the nominal electrical supply of said at least one electric drive motor (4, 1004) allowing travel over the prescribed distance, through said main electrical supply bus (11, 104).
  4. The ship according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one set (10) of electric capacitors has a capacitance sized to provide, at their nominal electrical charge, both the nominal supply of said at least one first shipboard electric network (5) and the nominal electrical supply of said at least one electric drive motor (4, 1004) through said main electrical supply bus (11, 104) for a ship translation speed less than or equal to a specified speed limit.
  5. The ship according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the connection means on board the ship comprise conductors (130, 131) capable of being put into contact, upon docking the ship at the departure point and/or at the arrival point, with external conductors (204) carried by mechanical means located at the departure point and/or at the arrival point for compensating differences in height, compensating for the distance between the ship and a dock at the departure and/or arrival point, and to establish electrical contact between the ship and the dock.
  6. The ship according to any one of claims 1 through 4, characterized in that the connection means on board the ship comprise conductors carried by mechanical means arranged so as to compensate the differences in height between the ship and a dock at the departure and/or arrival point and to compensate the distance between the ship and the dock, and arranged so as to be put into electrical contact, upon docking the ship at the departure point and/or at the arrival point, with external conductors arranged on the dock.
  7. The ship according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the set (10) of capacitors is of the supercapacitor type.
  8. The ship according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the supply means comprise at least one generator set for support and for emergency use driven by at least one internal combustion engine supplied from an on-board fuel reserve.
  9. The ship according to any ane of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the set (10) of capacitors comprises a plurality of branches, means for connecting the branches in parallel, each branch comprising several modules capable of being connected in series.
  10. The ship according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the ship is provided with electrical circuit means sized to allow a nominal charge of the set (10) of capacitors from zero charge within a time less than or equal to 10 minutes.
  11. The ship according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the set (10) of capacitors is connected to the first DC side (42) of at least one DC-DC converter (41), the second DC side (43) of which is connected to said direct-current bus (11) connected to the first DC side (12, 15, 18) of at least one DC-AC converter (13, 16, 19), the AC side (14, 17, 20) of which is connected to said at least one electric drive motor (4) and to said first shipboard electric network (5) for supplying them with alternating current, the direct-current bus (11) also being connected to the first DC side (22) of at least one other DC-AC converter (23), the second AC side (24) of which is connected to input conductors (25) for connection to an external source (100, S) of alternating current, for recharging the capacitors.
  12. The ship according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that said electrical connection means (25, 111) aboard the ship are located near the ship's docking area and comprise conductors (130, 131) capable of being put into contact with complementary conductors (204) remaining at the departure point and/or at the arrival point, for recharging the capacitors.
EP09748344A 2008-11-13 2009-11-09 Self-propelled ship Not-in-force EP2344377B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0857681A FR2938234B1 (en) 2008-11-13 2008-11-13 AUTOMOTIVE SHIP AFFECTED TO NAVIGATION ON A SET DISTANCE BETWEEN A STARTING POINT AND A POINT OF ARRIVAL
PCT/EP2009/064832 WO2010055010A1 (en) 2008-11-13 2009-11-09 Self-propelled ship

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2344377A1 EP2344377A1 (en) 2011-07-20
EP2344377B1 true EP2344377B1 (en) 2012-10-24

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EP09748344A Not-in-force EP2344377B1 (en) 2008-11-13 2009-11-09 Self-propelled ship

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US (1) US8425267B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2344377B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5583683B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20110082478A (en)
CN (1) CN102083684B (en)
AU (1) AU2009315718B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0909452A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2717945C (en)
DK (1) DK2344377T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2938234B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ589972A (en)
WO (1) WO2010055010A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2938234B1 (en) 2010-11-26
CN102083684A (en) 2011-06-01
NZ589972A (en) 2014-03-28
AU2009315718B2 (en) 2014-10-02
KR20110082478A (en) 2011-07-19
AU2009315718A1 (en) 2010-05-20
US8425267B2 (en) 2013-04-23
US20120001479A1 (en) 2012-01-05
JP5583683B2 (en) 2014-09-03
AU2009315718A2 (en) 2010-12-16
FR2938234A1 (en) 2010-05-14
CA2717945A1 (en) 2010-05-20
BRPI0909452A2 (en) 2019-08-27
CN102083684B (en) 2014-04-23
WO2010055010A1 (en) 2010-05-20
EP2344377A1 (en) 2011-07-20
DK2344377T3 (en) 2013-01-07
CA2717945C (en) 2017-03-14
JP2012508665A (en) 2012-04-12

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