EP2329169A1 - Flat seal - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a flat seal, in particular a cylinder head gasket or an exhaust flange seal, comprising at least one layer (1) provided with at least one through opening (2). Said through opening receives at least one elastically deformable profiled body (3) configured as an annular profile wire, having a defined material thickness. The total height of the non-deformed profiled body is greater than the thickness of the layer, and said layer is provided at least partially with material thickening (7, 7', 8, 8') in the region of the profiled body and/or outside of the profiled body.

Description

 gasket

The invention relates to a flat gasket, in particular cylinder head gasket or exhaust flange gasket.

It is known in cylinder head gaskets, which may consist of several (metallic) layers, which, if necessary, differently formed layers with suitable joining methods (eg., Clinching, welding, riveting) to connect together. With the help of so-called stopper, which are additionally applied or introduced rings, layers or embossments, the required height difference on the combustion chamber edge is set to the edge surface region of the flat gasket.

EP 0 538 628 A2 discloses a sealing arrangement for internal combustion engines with a cylinder head, an engine block, a cylinder liner, which is inserted in a bore of the engine block, is supported on this, a hollow cylindrical part, a radially from the cylindrical part outer extending annular sealing collar, a piston bore and a substantially cylinder head facing collar seal surface and sealing means, which are in engagement with the collar seal surface and a corresponding cylinder head sealing surface to prevent the escape of combustion gases from the piston bore. At least one of the two sealing surfaces is truncated cone-shaped and extends continuously from a radially inwardly circumferential region to a radially outer circumferential region, wherein the radially inner region is spaced further to the other sealing surface than the radially outer region.

The invention has the object to provide a new sealing concept for flat gaskets, in which profile body used, which act as a sealing element. Another goal is to be able to set the force distribution not only within a sealing system, but also in the more remote environment (hinterland) of the flat gasket, usually caused by the screw forces.

The object is achieved by a flat gasket, in particular cylinder head gasket or exhaust flange gasket, comprising at least one layer provided with at least one passage opening, the passage opening receiving at least one elastically deformable profile body with defined material thickness designed as an annular profile wire, the total height of the undeformed profile body being the thickness of the layer exceeds, and wherein the situation in the region of the profile body and / or outside of the profile body is at least partially provided with a thickening of material.

Advantageous developments of the subject invention can be found in the associated dependent claims.

The material thickening can be produced depending on the embodiment by embossing or applying a coating. Also combined material thickening (embossing + coating) are conceivable, as well as the application of a stopper glasses.

If the material thickening is formed by a coating, the same advantageously consists of a polymer, in particular a thermoplastic or a thermosetting material.

It may be advantageous that the coating includes particles and / or fibers. Here, both metallic and mineral particles can be provided individually or in combination, wherein the particles and / or fibers have a defined thickness. The coating may, according to a further aspect of the invention, be applied by screen printing on the corresponding area of the layer.

The thickening of the material can either be applied at defined locations along the regions of the layer surrounding the passage opening, or else it is applied in such a way that a closed region of predeterminable wall thickness is formed.

It is particularly advantageous that the profile body, seen in the radial direction, is formed with regions of different material thickness. Here, for example, offers the cross-sectional shape of a banana, in which about the middle of the radial extent of the profile body, the largest material thickness is given, which then decreases toward the end regions. By this measure, a central core area and outer elastically deformable areas are formed.

The profile body can either be at least partially connected to the position or be positioned radially movable within the passage opening.

It is particularly advantageous to provide the material thickening outside of the profile body. Here, the so-called hinterland of the flat gasket is addressed, which extends into the edge regions of the flat gasket. The respective material thickening may be provided partially or over larger areas in the hinterland and may, if necessary, at least partially enclose the screw through holes.

By this measure, an optimal force distribution can be realized within the entire flat gasket, by which the sealing behavior is positively influenced.

The aim of the controlled adjustment of the force distribution, in particular the division between the profile body and the adjoining areas of the situation, is z. B. achieved by height differences between the combustion chamber seal and the media seal. If the media and the combustion chamber seal have the same height (additional requirement: the seals used have the same strength and rigidity), the same load distribution can be assumed. If the heights of the media and the combustion chamber seal are different, a higher load is proportionally introduced. However, so that, for example, the combustion chamber seal can absorb a higher proportion of the screw forces, work is carried out with a projection of the combustion chamber seal. This means that the combustion chamber seal must be slightly higher than the media seal.

Due to the inventive surface or partial material thickening of the situation, the height difference between the combustion chamber seal and the media seal can be precisely adjusted. In this way, both required and topographical height differences can be realized, for example, to specifically raise or lower the hinterland (for example by coating with different materials and different particle sizes).

The subject invention is illustrated in the drawing and is described as follows. Show it.

Figure 1 indicated cylinder head gasket embossed on one side

Lying as material thickening;

Figure 2 indicated cylinder head gasket embossed on two sides

Position as material thickening;

Figure 3 indicated cylinder head gasket with polymeric coating of the layer as material thickening;

FIG. 4 shows a detail enlargement according to FIG. 3; Figure 5 top view of a trained as a flat gasket

Cylinder head gasket with material thickening in selected areas;

FIG. 6 shows a section according to line A-A of FIG. 5.

Figure 1 shows an indicated only cylinder head gasket, at least including a layer 1, which includes at least one through hole 2. The layer 1 formed here as a metallic layer cooperates with a profiled wire formed as an annular profile body 3, which, seen in the radial direction, is approximately banana-shaped. The middle region of the profile body 3 forms the region of greatest material thickness, which decreases toward the ends 4, 5 which form bending regions. In this example, the radially outer end 4 of the profile body 3 is positively connected (for example by caulking) to the opposite region 6 of the layer 1. The total height of the undeformed profile body 3 exceeds the thickness of the layer 1. To produce a defined distribution of forces within the cylinder head gasket, usually caused by the screw forces, a portion a of the layer 1 is provided with a material thickening. In FIG. 1, the material thickening is formed by a one-sided embossing area 7.

FIG. 2 can be seen in analogy to FIG. 1, two embossing regions 7, 7 'being provided in the region of the layer 1. By corresponding embodiments of the embossing regions 7, 7 ', there is the advantage that height differences can be set very precisely. In this way both required and topographical height differences can be realized. This means that the height difference is adjusted by the heights (or depths) of the embossing 7, 7 '. Layer 1 can be embossed in many different ways. It is conceivable hemispherical (dents), rectangular or annular (beads) embossing.

FIG. 3 shows a variant of FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein here too a region a is provided with a thickening of the material, which in this embodiment is provided by a material thickening Double-sided coating 8,8 'defined material thickness is formed. The coating 8,8 'consists of a polymer, in particular a thermoplastic or a thermosetting material. By adding metallic, ceramic or mineral particles o of the fibers with a relatively narrow particle size distribution or thickness tolerance, which corresponds exactly to the height difference to be set, different heights can be set very precisely. Even if the polymer should degrade due to the effect of temperature, it nevertheless ensures that the particles which take over the distance fiction still ensure the height difference.

The polymer may contain only a certain amount of particles or fibers, which depends on the particle size (the larger the particles, the higher their proportion should be).

In analogy to FIGS. 1 and 2, the coating 8, 8 'can be provided both on one side and on both sides.

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 3. The position 1 and the coatings 8, 8 'applied on both sides can be seen. The respective coating 8, 8 'can be produced by a screen printing process. The fact that the particles or fibers 9,9 'correspond to the height difference to be set only has to ensure that all the particles or fibers 9,9' are in one plane.

Not shown, but included in the scope of protection, that the respective layer can be provided in one- or double-sided clad form (for example aluminum), wherein the material thickening is produced, for example by embossing at least one clad area (only in the cladding).

By incorporating material thickening, either in-situ or as a clad layer, targeted topographies can be created, both in height and in width. FIG. 5 shows a top view of a cylinder head gasket designed as a flat gasket. The same components as in the figures 1 to 4 are provided with the same reference numerals. In this example, the cylinder head gasket is to be formed by a single metallic layer 1, which includes a plurality of Durchgangsöffhungen 2 acting as BrennraumdurchgangsörTnungen. Visible are the profile body 3, which are firmly connected to the layer 1. The same conditions apply as those given for FIGS. 1 to 4. All hatched areas of the layer 1 are formed by material thickening 10. It can be seen that not only the immediate area around the respective profile body 3 around, but also the up to the edge regions 11 of the layer 1 extending inland is provided in a targeted manner with the material thickening 10.

FIG. 6 shows a section according to line A-A of FIG. 5. Recognizable is the banana-shaped profile body 3 and the region b of the material thickening 10 present at this point, which in this example is formed by embossing on both sides.

Claims

claims 1. Flat gasket, in particular cylinder head gasket or Auspufϊϊlanschdichtung comprising at least one with at least one Durchgangsöffhung (2) provided layer (1), wherein the passage opening (2) at least one formed as an annular profile wire elastically deformable Profϊlkörper (3) with a defined material thickness receives, wherein the Overall height of the undeformed profile body (3) exceeds the thickness of the layer (1), and wherein the layer (1) in the region of the profile body (3) and / or outside of the profile body (3) at least partially with a material thickening (7,7 ', 8,8 ') is provided. 2. Flat gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that the material thickening (7,7 ') by a one- or two-sided embossing of the layer (1) is formed. 3. Flat gasket according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material thickening (8,8 ') by a coating of the layer (1) is formed. 4. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the respective material thickening (7,7 ', 8,8') surrounds the profile body (3). 5. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the respective material thickening (10) at least in edge regions (11) of the layer (1), in particular in the region of screw through holes, is provided. 6. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coating (8,8 ') consists of a polymer. 7. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the coating (8,8 ') particles (9,9') or fibers are introduced. 8. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the coating (8,8 ') metallic and / or ceramic and / or mineral particles (9,9') or fibers of predeterminable thickness are introduced. 9. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the coating (8,8 ') by screen printing on the corresponding region (a) of the layer (1) is applied. 10. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the material thickening is generated by a stopper glasses. 11. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the material thickening for setting defined topographies can be used. 12. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the material thickening (7,7 ', 8,8') surrounds the passage opening (2) in a defined radial area (a) substantially over the entire surface. 13. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the profile body (3), viewed in the radial direction, is formed with regions of different material thickness. 14. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the profile body (3), viewed in the radial direction, has the contour of a banana. 15. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the profile body (3) is designed as an open or closed ring. 16. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the profile body (3) with the layer (1) at least partially, in particular form-fitting, is connected. 17. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the profile body (3) is provided radially movable within the Durchgangsöffiiung (2). 18. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the layer (1) is formed by a metal which is provided with a one-sided or two-sided plating, in particular of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 19. Flat gasket according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the embossing (1) is provided in at least one of the plated areas.