EP2320129A1 - Reflector lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

A reflector luminaire with a luminous means and a reflector, which reflects the light of the luminous means meeting it in a predetermined emission direction and has an edge (2) pointing to the emission direction, wherein the reflector consists of a plurality of differently shaped segments (7) Fulfillment of special lighting tasks, such as the uniform illumination of a rectangular illumination surface, characterized in that the segments (7) are calculated individually with respect to the illuminant for the defined illumination of a predetermined area and in the area used for the reflection are continuous and that the segments (7) Transition portions (8) are interconnected, by which the predetermined total reflective area of the segments (7) is reduced by less than 1/4.

Description

The invention relates to a reflector luminaire with a luminous means and a reflector which reflects the light of the luminous means meeting it in a predetermined emission direction and has an edge pointing to the emission direction, wherein the reflector consists of a plurality of differently shaped segments.

Such reflector lamps are known in numerous embodiments. They serve to make the light emitted by the illuminant regularly in all spatial directions usable for the illumination of an intended area or a corresponding solid angle. Thus, not only the light emitted directly from the illuminant into this solid angle is effective for the illumination, but also the light emitted in other spatial directions, when it reaches the reflector and is reflected by the reflector into the desired solid angle.

The invention is primarily concerned with reflector lights, which is suitable for the most uniform possible illumination of a surface which is perpendicular to the radiation direction of the lamp. It is useful for an arrangement of multiple reflector lights for illuminating a room, if the reflector lamps have such a radiation characteristic that the light of reflector lights, the light cone adjacent to each other is not irregular, that there is excessive overlap of the light cone on the one hand or unlit sections between the light cones on the other hand comes. However, it has been tried to form reflector lamps so that in a rectangular area is illuminated as well as possible at a certain distance from the reflector light, because a uniformly illuminated total area can be formed by a juxtaposition of rectangular illuminated areas.

Reflectors of reflector lamps are usually made of glass, for example by pressing, by coating one side of the funnel-shaped or cup-shaped glass body in a reflective manner. It is both known to coat the inside of the glass body and the outside of the glass body. The coating may be formed by a metallic layer of aluminum, silver, etc., or made as the visible light-reflecting interference layer. In the latter case, there is the advantage that non-visible thermal radiation from the reflector can be transmitted, whereby a so-called cold light source is formed.

For the surface of the glass body provided as a reflective surface, in known embodiments, the surface of paraboloids or ellipsoids is selected. The illuminant is ideally arranged in the focal point of the paraboloid when the emission of substantially parallel light is planned. The arrangement of the luminous means ideally takes place in a focal point of an ellipsoid when the light is to arrive at a certain point, namely in the second focal point of the ellipsoid. However, the generation of a reflective surface by a conic section line can also be modified to produce certain effects. Numerous attempts have been made to achieve the best possible illumination of a rectangular area with such an arrangement. As a result, however, a rather elliptical shaped surface has been moistened, which is not optimal for uniform illumination of a total area by a plurality of such reflector lights. Accordingly, a uniform illumination, for example a sales area in a sales shop, succeeds only to a certain extent, since clear differences in brightness with the previous reflector lamps are unavoidable.

The present invention has for its object, a reflector lamp of the type mentioned in such a way that a targeted lighting control, especially a uniform illumination, within a standing perpendicular to the radiation direction illuminated surface in better approximation is possible.

To achieve this object, according to the invention a reflector lamp of the type mentioned above is characterized in that the segments are calculated individually with respect to the illuminant for the defined illumination of a predetermined range and run steadily in the area used for the reflection and that the segments are interconnected by transition sections, which reduces the predetermined total reflective area of the segments by less than 1/4.

The present invention is therefore not based on a uniformly shaped reflector body, but of a reflector body formed from a plurality of segments. In this case, each individual segment is calculated in terms of its shape relative to the luminous means in order to radiate a defined proportion of light to a defined position with this segment, so that a desired light distribution in the illumination plane results from the composition of the individual segments of the reflector. The segments of the reflector according to the invention run continuously in the area substantially used for the reflection. Accordingly, the desired distribution of light, for example the illumination of a rectangular illuminated plane, is effected by the shape of the segments and not by a faceting of the reflecting surface of the reflector body, as shown in FIG EP 1 035 370 A1 is known. Due to the individual calculation of the segments, segments of different widths, different lengths and / or different curvatures abut each other in the reflector according to the invention. As a result, a step-shaped transition results between the segments, at least partially, which is realized by narrow transition sections. The Übergangsabschnifte form for manufacturing reasons no ideal level, but give rise to a slightly rounded step-like transition. The transition sections between the segments, as far as they are struck by the light of the illuminant, reflect the light in undefined directions. Because the transition elements are kept narrow, they reduce the effective area of the defined reflective segments by less than 1/4, preferably less than 1/5, more preferably less than 1/10, and most preferably less than 1/20, compared to a unitary reflector body , a corresponding light loss of less than 1/4, preferably less than 1/5, more preferably less than 1/10 and particularly preferably less than 1/20 of the amount of light is defined in the defined defined for the desired manner illuminated surface area illuminated area,

The segments may be oriented in any desired manner and connected to the overall reflector through the transition sections. If a reflector has a center axis in which the luminous means is to be arranged, the segments can extend substantially radially from the edge pointing to the emission direction in the direction of the center axis. But it is also possible to align at least a portion of the segments tangent to the center axis and connect side by side.

In the generally preferred radial alignment of the segments, identical segments can be arranged symmetrically with respect to the center axis-that is, with mirror symmetry to one another. These segments extending through the center axis can also be regarded as a segment interrupted, if necessary, by an opening in the center axis for receiving a luminous means.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reflector lamp forms a continuously shaped edge and the segments are positioned so that they then open into each other in the edge. The edge is preferably circular or is always slightly deformed relative to a circular shape.

If one considers the edge of the reflector as a "front" edge, the luminous means can preferably be inserted centrally from the rear into the reflector. But it is also possible to project the light source from the front or in particular by a lateral cutout or a lateral bore of the reflector body in the interior of the reflector.

Even if the reflection properties of the reflector according to the invention are determined by the shape of the segments, this does not exclude that the segments also have faceting over their longitudinal direction, for example radial direction, for example in order to realize a certain degree of softness of the generated light field. Thus, a slight modification is made to the already formed by the shape of the segments light field, which does not change the basic shape of the light field.

The reflector according to the invention preferably has segments whose horizontal contour (that is to say in the width direction in the case of strip-shaped segments) is slightly, preferably parabolic, curved. In the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) results in a shape, resulting from the adaptation to the respective lighting task. The segments may also have a parabolic shape in the longitudinal direction if a lighting plane is to be illuminated uniformly, the lighting means being at the focal point of the respective paraboloid. In contrast to the conventional reflector bodies, however, the segments are not formed in the same way as paraboloid, but adapted with different widths and different curvatures to the shape of the illumination level. As a rule, the width of the segments controls the amount of light that falls in the area illuminated by this segment, while the curvature of the respective segment defines the illuminated area of the overall illumination level. Thus, if a rectangular lighting plane is desired, the segments which are the cause of the light distribution in the corners of the rectangle must be made with a larger width, so that due to the greater distance of the corner of the bulb and due of the larger proportion of the lighting level, a larger amount of light must be reflected in this area.

It can be seen that in one embodiment of the invention in which the segments are radially aligned, the radially opposite segments are calculated together in relation to the lighting means. If a symmetrical illumination of the illumination plane to the center axis of the reflector light is desired, the opposite radial segments are the same, ie the same width and the same curvature.

If, on the other hand, an asymmetrical illumination is desired, an unsymmetrical design of the segments results.

It is - also for reasons of optical aesthetics - preferred if the segments are connected to each other at a continuously curved edge and the segments also end at the same height at the edge. In this case, due to different lengths and curvatures of the segments towards the vertex of the reflector body, a "frayed" structure is created, which is covered by a glass end piece, which is no longer significant for the reflection. In principle, however, it is also possible to form the front edge of the reflector body frayed, if the segments have, for example, at their radially inner end on a same radial starting point.

Although the reflector body according to the invention consists of numerous, individually calculated segments, it is manufactured as such as a uniform reflector body, For reasons of manufacturability, for example in a pressing process, it may also be useful not to form the segments at the ends at the same height, but somewhere in a middle region with respect to the length of the segments.

Figur 1

einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfin- dungsgemäßen Reflektors;

Figur 2

eine Ansicht des Reflektors von unten, also auf den freien Rand und die inneren reflektierenden Flächen des Reflektors;

Figur 3

einen Vertikalschnitt entlang der Linie D-D in Figur 2;

Figur 4

einen Vertikalschnitt entlang der Linie C-C in Figur 2;

Figur 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Reflektors gemäß Figur 1 von schräg unten;

Figur 6

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Reflektors von schräg oben;

Figur 7

einen Horizontalschnitt durch den Reflektor in der Ebene F-F aus Figur 1;

Figur 8

einen Horizontalschnitt durch den Reflektor in der Ebene G-G aus Figur 1;

Figur 9

einen Horizontalschnitt durch den Reflektor in der Ebene H-H aus Figur 1.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:

FIG. 1

a vertical section through an embodiment of an inventive reflector;

FIG. 2

a view of the reflector from below, so on the free edge and the inner reflective surfaces of the reflector;

FIG. 3

a vertical section along the line DD in FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 4

a vertical section along the line CC in FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 5

a perspective view of the reflector according to FIG. 1 from diagonally below;

FIG. 6

a perspective view of the reflector obliquely from above;

FIG. 7

a horizontal section through the reflector in the plane FF FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 8

a horizontal section through the reflector in the plane GG FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 9

a horizontal section through the reflector in the plane HH FIG. 1 ,

The embodiment of a reflector according to the invention shown in the drawing shows a circular symmetrically formed on an outer side about a vertical axis H reflector, which thus has a circular outlet opening 1, which is bounded by an annular flange-like edge 2. Starting from the flange-like edge 2, the reflector is formed continuously on its outer side 3 and represents on the outside a conventional reflector dome, which merges on the underside into a vertex surface 4. In the apex area 4 there is a central passage opening 5, through which, in the illustrated embodiment, a luminous means projects into the interior 6 of the reflector formed by the reflector dome. FIG. 1 indicates that the interior 6 is bounded by radially aligned, strip-shaped segments 7, which form a common, irregular inner wall of the inner space 6. In the illustrated embodiment, the segments 7 are mirror-symmetrical to the vertical axis H, as well as the plan view of the inside of the reflector according to FIG. 2 illustrated.

The in the FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrated vertical sections through different segments 7 illustrate in comparison with the FIG. 1 the different design of the segments 7. The segments 7 each shown in section point in FIG. 1 to the apex 4 towards a much higher material thickness than those according to FIG. 3 are shown cut. In the FIG. 4 cut segments shown 7 are in contrast formed with even a further reduced material thickness to the apex surface 4 out.

The representation according to FIG. 2 illustrates that the segments 7 of the illustrated embodiment are formed so that a uniform illumination of a rectangular area, which is perpendicular to the vertical axis H, is achieved Accordingly, in FIG FIG. 1 Segment shown 7a provided with a larger curvature than the here in about 22.5 angular degree spaced segment 7b, the in FIG. 3 is shown cut. The slightest curvature indicates this in FIG. 4 Cut illustrated segment 7c, which is responsible for the illumination of the corners of the square footprint. The segment 7c must therefore concentrate the light coming from the light source less strongly and distribute it over a greater distance than that Segment 7a, which aims to direct the light of the bulb to a smaller solid angle for a closer illumination. Since the segment 7a distributes the light of the illuminant to a smaller solid angle than the segment 7c, the segment 7a is significantly narrower than the segment 7c. It is thereby achieved that in the smaller solid angle, which is illuminated by the segment 7a, no higher luminance is produced than in the larger, up to the corner of the rectangular illumination surface extending solid angle, which is illuminated by the segment 7c. The segment 7b is recognizable with regard to the bundling effect (curvature) and segment width between the segments 7a and 7c. The various segments 7 are interconnected by narrow transition sections 8.

The sectional views, as well as the perspective representations of the FIGS. 5 and 6 , recognize that the segment formation takes place on the inside of the reflector dome, while the outside 3 can be formed as a smooth continuous glass surface.

This connection becomes particularly clear by the different horizontal sections in the FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 , It can be seen that the differences between the segments 7 are significantly greater in the section FF close to the top surface 4 than in the approximately half section GG, while an approach of the segments 7 in the region of the section HH further towards the edge is further reduced are, so that the segments 7 at the edge 2 itself connected to each other steadily. The transition sections 8, which are not taken into account for the calculation of the distribution of the useful light by the segments 7, are clearly recognizable.

This embodiment of a reflector according to the invention is not mandatory, but results from the fact that the continuous edge 2 has been introduced as a boundary condition in the calculation of the shape of the segments 7. The shape of the segments 7 is calculated individually to the particular lighting task to fulfill. If the continuous connection of the segments 7 has been specified at the edge 2 as a boundary condition, the result in Figur.2 recognizable "frayed", ie uneven terminations of the segments 7 in the apex region of the reflector dome or dome. In order to form a manageable reflector, the apex region is formed by a smooth glass mold in which the passage opening 2 is formed.

Of course, it is possible to calculate the segments 7 with other boundary conditions, for example, to let the segments begin in the region of the opening 2, resulting in an uneven formation of the edge 2 of the reflector. Furthermore, intermediate forms are possible which result from the respective boundary conditions.

On the basis of the illustrated embodiment, the lighting task of the uniform illumination of a rectangular area, which is perpendicular to the vertical axis H of the reflector has been explained. The invention is naturally not limited to this lighting task, since the segmented design of the reflector allow any shapes for the illuminated area. The exemplary embodiment further assumes that the segments are each designed to be essentially parabolic and that the illuminant is located approximately at the focal point of the respective parabolas, so that a uniform illumination results with light deviating only slightly from the parallelism. Of course, it is within the scope of the invention also possible to make a targeted focusing of the light, so that approximately elliptical segments are used. In principle, however, the shape of the segments is free and results from the determination of the optimized shape for each segment 7 from the respective lighting task. The individual segments therefore regularly form free-form reflectors.

The illustrated embodiment is based on radially arranged segments 7 in a substantially rotationally symmetrical reflector dome. Of course, other reflector shapes are also suitable for the inventive design of the reflector with segments. For example, the outside of the reflector may also be formed with an oval cross-section. The invention also enables a special shape of the illuminated surface in cylindrical reflectors, which are part of a linear luminaire and with a long-field illumination means, such as a glow discharge lamp, in particular in the form of a neon tube, cooperate. In this case, the segments are preferably arranged parallel to each other and extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical reflector.

It is also possible with a reflector according to the invention also a deliberately uneven illumination of a designated area, which can also be arbitrarily shaped. The boundaries of the illuminated area can also be non-rectilinear, continuously curved or non-continuous.

Claims (10)

Reflector luminaire having a luminous means and a reflector, which reflects the light of the illuminant which impinges on it in a predetermined emission direction and has an edge (2) pointing to the emission direction, wherein the reflector consists of a plurality of differently shaped segments (7), characterized in that the segments (7) are calculated individually with respect to the illuminating means for the defined illumination of a predetermined area and run continuously in the area used for the reflection and in that the segments (7) are interconnected by transition sections (8) through which the predetermined total reflecting area of the segments (7) is reduced by less than 1/4. Reflector luminaire according to claim 1, characterized in that the segments (7) are designed for common uniform illumination of a surface within a defined contour. Reflector luminaire according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the segments (7) are arranged offset from each other in steps. Reflector luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the segments (7) are aligned radially to a center axis (H) of the luminaire. Reflector luminaire according to Claim 4, characterized in that identical segments (7) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center axis (H). Reflector lamp according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the segments (7) together form the edge (2) and that the edge (2) is continuously formed. Reflector luminaire according to claim 6, characterized in that the edge (2) in the direction of the center axis (H) is formed circular. Reflector luminaire according to claim 6, characterized in that the edge (2) is continuously slightly deformed relative to a circular shape. Reflector luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the illuminant is completely surrounded by the reflector in a plane passing through it, which is perpendicular to the emission direction of the lamp. Reflector luminaire according to claim 9, characterized in that the edge (2) of the reflector is arranged in the emission direction at a distance from the luminous means.

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