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EP2239752B1 - Dispositif de couplage sécurisé et système de commande modulaire protégé contre les erreurs - Google Patents

Dispositif de couplage sécurisé et système de commande modulaire protégé contre les erreurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2239752B1
EP2239752B1 EP10158367A EP10158367A EP2239752B1 EP 2239752 B1 EP2239752 B1 EP 2239752B1 EP 10158367 A EP10158367 A EP 10158367A EP 10158367 A EP10158367 A EP 10158367A EP 2239752 B1 EP2239752 B1 EP 2239752B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
switching device
control system
memory
stored
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10158367A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2239752A1 (fr
EP2239752B2 (fr
Inventor
Richard Veil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pilz GmbH and Co KG
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Pilz GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Pilz GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Pilz GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2239752B1 publication Critical patent/EP2239752B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a safe switching device for a modular fail-safe control system for switching a load on and off safely, with at least one wear-prone switching element which is designed to perform a switching operation by means of a control signal generated by the control system in order to switch the load.
  • the invention further relates to a modular fail-safe control system for switching on and off safely an electrical load, in particular an electrically driven machine, via at least one switching device, with a control device for evaluating input signals and for generating a control signal for the switching device depending on the evaluation.
  • Fail-safe control systems serve to reliably evaluate the signal of a safety transmitter, for example an emergency stop switch, a protective door position switch, etc., and to control one or more safe output contacts of a switching device. Actuators, such as contactors, valves, motors, dangerous machine parts, for example saw blades, robot arms, high-voltage devices, etc., are then brought to a safe state via these switched output contacts.
  • PNOZ a variety of different safety relay types.
  • An example of a modular safety relay with a modular fail-safe control system and a safe switching device is, for example, in DE 100 20 075 C2 disclosed. Also in the publication DE 100 11 211 a safety switching device of the applicant is shown. Another example is from the WO 2007 014725 known.
  • Component reliability quantification is required to demonstrate compliance with current standards IEC 61508 and ISO 13849-1.
  • Diagnosis is used in the context of the present application within the meaning of the IEC 61508 series of standards.
  • diagnostics refers to the use of automatic diagnostic checks to detect dangerous hardware failures in safety-related systems.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop the aforementioned switching device so that a better, especially safer diagnosis is possible.
  • a device for detecting the number of switching operations performed (detection device) is provided, which has a memory device for permanent fail-safe storage of the detected number.
  • the memory device is equipped with fail-safe memories, which also store the information "permanently", that is, even when the operating voltage (zero voltage safe).
  • fail-safe in the context of the present application means that the memory may indeed be defective, but this must be recognized in order to avoid a misinterpretation of the memory contents.
  • the user of a modular safety switching device is provided with the solution according to the invention a means to make a diagnosis of wear-prone switching elements on the basis of the stored fail-safe number of switching operations.
  • relays as switching elements can be avoided with the help of fail-safe stored number of switching operations that they are operated beyond the wear limits specified by the manufacturers.
  • a warning system on the basis of the stored number of switching operations can be implemented to inform the user in good time before reaching the wear limit and / or change to another operating mode to prevent safety-critical behavior in case of failure of the switching element.
  • the detection device has a counter circuit which increments a counter reading, preferably one, by means of a counting signal and stores this counter reading in the memory device.
  • the decentralized safe switching device has all the elements required to detect the number of switching operations, namely a counter which can be incremented by means of a counting signal, and on the other hand, the already mentioned memory device for storing the count. It is therefore not necessary that the central control system supplies the meter reading and this is stored locally.
  • the count signal is generated by the central control system and fed to the decentralized safe switching device, so that there the counter can be incremented accordingly.
  • the decentralized switching device with a device for detecting the control signal and generating a counting signal.
  • the decentralized safe switching device generates a counting signal on the basis of the control signal that it is anyway supplied for switching the switching element.
  • This embodiment is particularly simple and continues the idea of decentralized structure, so that the detection of the number of switching operations can be made decentralized by the safe switching device without the help of the control system.
  • the memory device is associated with a means for error detection to detect errors of the memory device.
  • Such a means has the task, for example, to check whether the memory device works failsafe, that is, for example, that the individual memory cells required for storing are functional. Such a test can be carried out cyclically, for example.
  • the memory device is preferably provided to equip the memory device with two redundant memory elements.
  • the stored data that is to say the number of switching operations
  • parity bits so that it can be recognized by it as to whether the date is erroneous.
  • a cyclic redundancy check could be carried out, with a corresponding CRC value being stored together with the corresponding date.
  • the switching device has a means for reading out the stored number of switching operations and for transmitting the read-out number to the control system.
  • the central control system can interrogate the number of switching operations from a connected switching device in order to make a diagnosis or check on this basis.
  • the secure switching device then outputs only diagnostic status messages to the central control system.
  • the parameters required for diagnosis such as For example, the number of cycles until the wear limit, etc., stored in the switching device.
  • a diagnostic parameter memory device for storing predeterminable switching process threshold values for the at least one switching device and a diagnostic data analysis device which are designed To compare a number of switching operations read from a switching device with the stored threshold values and to initiate an action depending on it.
  • the diagnosis is made centrally in the control system, with the required diagnostic parameters, such as switching process thresholds, being stored there. If the diagnosis leads to the result that, for example, a switching element of a switching device shortly reaches the wear limit, the control system can trigger a specific action. Under such an action can be understood in the simplest case, the output of a warning that the wear limit is reached soon and, for example, an exchange of the switching element is required. Another action could be to switch to a restricted operation, for example, in such limited operation only a reduced speed of the machine is allowed or normal operation is allowed only for a limited time. Another action could be to keep the safety system in a safe state and to interrupt operation.
  • FIGURE shows in the form of a schematic block diagram the structure of a safety switching device, wherein only the components necessary for the invention are shown.
  • a safety switching device is shown as a block diagram and designated by the reference numeral 10. For reasons of clarity, only the modules required for the explanation of the invention are shown in this block diagram. With regard to a concrete mechanical and electrical construction of such a safety switching device 10, reference is made to the documents mentioned in the introduction or to the available from the applicant written documents to the safety relay "PNOZmulti" or "PSSu".
  • the safety switching device 10 generally serves to connect or disconnect a load 12, for example an electric motor, with a power supply 14. The separation of the consumer 12 from the power supply 14 by means of the safety switching device 10 in a secure manner when, for example, an emergency stop switch 16 is actuated. It should be noted at this point that this wiring of a safety switching device 10 is purely exemplary and represents one of many different circuits. In particular, other switches instead of the emergency stop switch 16 are conceivable, such as light grids, light barriers, etc.
  • the safety switching device 10 shown in the figure has a modular structure and comprises a central module 20, which is also referred to below as a control system, and at least one relay module 40, which is also referred to below as a switching device.
  • the control system 20 is connected to the switching device 40 via a data bus 60.
  • the bus 60 different systems in question, the applicant offers, for example, a secure bus system that could be used here.
  • an interface 22 or 42 is provided in each case, wherein these interfaces or interfaces 22, 42 are adapted to the particular bus system used.
  • Both the control system 20 and the switching device 40 each have a control unit 24 and 44, which are connected to the respective interfaces 22 and 44, respectively.
  • the control units 24, 44 are responsible for the control of the complete processes within the respective module 20, 40, wherein at this point can be dispensed with a detailed description. Rather, reference is made to the already mentioned publications, in which the structure is explained.
  • the central control unit 24 comprises an evaluation unit 26, which evaluates certain data for diagnostic purposes. In particular, this involves the evaluation of the number of switching operations (switching cycle number) that the switching elements 46 of the connected switching devices 40 have performed. This number is important if the switching elements 46 are wear-affected switching elements, such as relays.
  • the central control unit 24 is assigned a memory unit 28 which comprises at least two memory elements 30, 32.
  • the memory unit 28 is used to store diagnostic parameters, with a redundant storage is required for security reasons.
  • the two Memory elements 30, 32 each store identical diagnostic parameters, so that even with a faulty date the data stored in the redundant memory element date can be used for further operation.
  • fail-safe data storage it would also be possible to store a CRC value for each stored datum, so that when reading out this datum it can be determined on the one hand whether an error exists and on the other hand this error can be corrected.
  • the diagnostic parameters to be stored are, for example, values for switching operations of wear-prone switching elements 46. Consequently, such a diagnostic parameter can be, for example, the number of switching operations of a switching element that the manufacturer of this switching element allows. In other words, that the switching element should be replaced upon reaching this number of switching operations.
  • diagnostic parameters can also be stored in the memory unit 28.
  • the stored diagnostic parameters relate to a single modular switching device 40.
  • the memory unit 28 contains the corresponding diagnostic parameters for each switching device.
  • the modular switching device 40 likewise comprises a memory unit 48 which is assigned to the control unit 44, that is to say connected to it via corresponding data and control lines.
  • the memory unit 48 is constructed as a redundant memory unit, so that memory elements 50, 52 are provided which store identical data.
  • the memory unit 48 is designed to store diagnostic data, wherein in the present embodiment, a diagnostic date is the number of switching operations of the switching element 46.
  • a first counter register 54 and a second counter register 56 are provided, which may be part of the memory unit 48.
  • the two counter registers 54, 56 store a count, which is incremented by one upon the occurrence of a particular event, here the switching on of the switching element 46.
  • the stored counter which indicates the number of switching operations, is fail-safe. This does not necessarily mean that the storage of redundant data is required in order to be able to continue working with the redundant second date if the date is erroneous, but initially only that erroneous storage of a date is recognized.
  • the second counter register 56 shown in the figure is preferably provided as redundancy. In other words, that means the number of Switching operations identical in two different counter registers 54, 56 is stored.
  • control unit 44 In order to increment the values in the counter registers 54, 56 by one, the control unit 44 generates a count signal and transmits this to the two counter registers 54, 56 whenever it transmits a turn-on signal to the switching element 46.
  • a count signal is generated by the control system 20 and transmitted via the bus 60 to the respective switching device 40.
  • the control system 20 calls a diagnostic program which requests the data stored in the counter register 54, 56 of the switching device 40. This has the consequence that the switching device 40 transmits this date to the interface 42 and via this and the bus 60 to the control system 20. After receiving this date, which indicates, for example, the number of switching operations that have occurred, a comparison is made with one or more diagnostic parameters that are stored in the memory unit 28. These diagnostic parameters are, for example, various threshold values which are usually specified by the manufacturer of the switching element 46 and trigger a specific action when they are exceeded. If, for example, a diagnostic parameter describes the number of switching operations up to the wear limit, the switching device 40 is safely switched off via the control system 20 when this value is reached.
  • diagnostic parameter could indicate the number of switching operations, from which a warning must be issued, which alerts the user that the corresponding switching element 46 of the switching device 40 must be replaced.
  • an action that is initiated by the control system may also be to allow operation of the load 12 only at reduced speed or only for a certain time.
  • diagnostic parameters for example, as threshold values
  • These diagnostic parameters may originate from the manufacturer of the switching device, or else from the user of the safety switching device 10.
  • the diagnostic data stored in the memory unit 28 can be predetermined or set.
  • the threshold values stored as diagnostic parameters are often only reached after a few years of operation of the safety switching device, it is absolutely necessary for the diagnostic parameters or diagnostic data stored in the two memory units 28, 48 to be permanently maintained even if the operating voltage ceases.
  • the counter registers must be equipped with sufficient bit width, so that even very large values can be stored without an overflow takes place.
  • the diagnostic parameters associated with a switching device 40 are not stored centrally but decentrally in the respective switching device.
  • the central Control system 20 may then request these diagnostic parameters via the bus to store them in its own memory unit 28. It would also be conceivable, of course, that the diagnosis takes place decentrally in the respective switching device 40 and only the result is transmitted to the central control system.

Landscapes

  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif sécurisé de commutation pour système modulaire de commande (10, 20) protégé des défauts qui branche et débranche en toute sécurité un consommateur électrique (12), le dispositif présentant
    au moins un élément de commutation (46) exposé à l'usure et conçu pour exécuter une opération de commutation sous l'action d'un signal de commande formé par le système de commande (10, 20) pour commuter le commutateur électrique (12),
    caractérisé par
    un ensemble de détection du nombre des opérations de commutation (44, 46) qui ont été effectuées, à savoir un ensemble de détection qui présente un ensemble de mémoire (48, 50, 52) qui conserve durablement et sans défaut le nombre saisi.
  2. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de commutation est un relais (46).
  3. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de détection présente un circuit de comptage (54, 56) qui augmente de préférence de un l'état d'un compteur sous l'action d'un signal de comptage et qui conserve cet état du compteur dans l'ensemble de mémoire.
  4. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de comptage (54, 56) et l'ensemble de mémoire (48, 50, 52) sont configurés sous la forme d'une entité (28).
  5. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le signal de comptage est formé et apporté par le système de commande (20).
  6. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de détection présente un ensemble de détection du signal de commande et de formation d'un signal de comptage.
  7. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen de détection des défauts qui détecte des défauts de l'ensemble de mémoire est associé à l'ensemble de mémoire (48).
  8. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de mémoire (48) présente deux éléments de mémoire (50, 52) redondants.
  9. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le nombre des opérations de commutation est conservé dans les deux éléments de mémoire.
  10. Dispositif de commutation selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'une somme de contrôle du nombre conservé en mémoire dans l'un des deux éléments de mémoire est conservée en mémoire dans l'autre élément de mémoire.
  11. Dispositif de commutation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen de lecture du nombre conservé en mémoire des opérations de commutation et de transmission du nombre lu au système de commande est prévu.
  12. Système modulaire de commande protégé des défauts qui branche et débranche en toute sécurité un consommateur électrique, en particulier une machine entraînée à l'électricité, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un dispositif de commutation (40) de préférence externe, notamment selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, le système de commande présentant un ensemble de commande (24, 26) qui évalue des signaux d'entrée et qui délivre au dispositif de commutation (40) un signal de commande défini en fonction de l'évaluation, caractérisé par
    un ensemble (28) de conservation en mémoire des paramètres de diagnostic qui conserve en mémoire des valeurs pouvant être prédéterminées de seuil des opérations de commutation du ou des dispositifs de commutation (40) et un ensemble (26) d'analyse des données de diagnostic conçu pour comparer le nombre d'opérations de commutation lu dans un dispositif de commutation aux valeurs de seuil conservées en mémoire et pour lancer une action en fonction de cette comparaison.
  13. Système de commande selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'une action est l'émission d'un message d'alarme et/ou la commutation du consommateur dans un mode de fonctionnement limité et/ou la commutation du consommateur dans un état de sécurité.
  14. Système de commande selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (28) de mise en mémoire des paramètres de diagnostic est configuré de manière à être protégé des défauts et/ou est redondant.
  15. Système de commande selon la revendication 12, 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (28) de mise en mémoire des paramètres de diagnostic est configuré de manière à être insensible aux annulations de la tension.
EP10158367.2A 2009-04-08 2010-03-30 Dispositif de couplage sécurisé et système de commande modulaire protégé contre les erreurs Active EP2239752B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009018140A DE102009018140A1 (de) 2009-04-08 2009-04-08 Sichere Schalteinrichtung und modulares fehlersicheres Steuerungssystem

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2239752A1 EP2239752A1 (fr) 2010-10-13
EP2239752B1 true EP2239752B1 (fr) 2013-03-06
EP2239752B2 EP2239752B2 (fr) 2022-03-30

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ID=42289002

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EP10158367.2A Active EP2239752B2 (fr) 2009-04-08 2010-03-30 Dispositif de couplage sécurisé et système de commande modulaire protégé contre les erreurs

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Country Link
US (1) US8274771B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2239752B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009018140A1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1145369A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10360790B2 (en) 2016-04-22 2019-07-23 Banner Engineering Corp. Safety touch button system having an intercommunications link
DE102016109915A1 (de) * 2016-05-30 2017-11-30 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum fehlersicheren Abschalten eines Verbrauchers
FR3070790B1 (fr) * 2017-09-05 2020-10-09 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de commutation electrique et procedes de configuration et de diagnostic associes
DE102017221793A1 (de) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-06 Siemens Mobility GmbH Sicherungstechnische Einrichtung für eine sicherungstechnische Anlage
DE102018129899A1 (de) * 2018-11-27 2020-05-28 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltgerät zum gezielten Einschalten und/oder Ausschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers, insbesondere zum fehlersicheren Abschalten einer gefährlichen Maschinenanlage

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DE10146753C1 (de) * 2001-09-22 2003-04-24 Pilz Gmbh & Co Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung zum sicheren Abschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers
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US7522400B2 (en) † 2004-11-30 2009-04-21 Robertshaw Controls Company Method of detecting and correcting relay tack weld failures
DE102005030276A1 (de) * 2005-06-21 2006-12-28 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Sicherheitsschaltvorrichtung und Verfahren zum sicheren Abschalten eines Verbrauchers in einer automatisiert arbeitenden Anlage
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JP2009505188A (ja) * 2005-08-11 2009-02-05 コンティネンタル・テーベス・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト・ウント・コンパニー・オッフェネ・ハンデルスゲゼルシヤフト 少なくとも部分的に安全上重大なプロセスの制御または調節用マイクロプロセッサシステム

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Publication number Publication date
US20100259862A1 (en) 2010-10-14
EP2239752A1 (fr) 2010-10-13
HK1145369A1 (en) 2011-04-15
US8274771B2 (en) 2012-09-25
DE102009018140A1 (de) 2010-10-21
EP2239752B2 (fr) 2022-03-30

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