EP2218549A1 - Device with a lever drivable in opposing directions with a position member and a knee lever joint assembly by means of a drive - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device with a toggle joint arrangement (17,19), as used for example in the bodywork of the automotive industry for use and is used for example as a pivoting device. In the device according to the invention, a constant or an approximately constant torque over the entire pivoting angle range of the arm (21) via its housing head fixed pivot axis (20) can be achieved. This angle range can be up to 185 °, for example. To achieve this, a special arrangement of the toggle joint is inventively proposed.

Description

genus

The invention relates to a device having a movable actuator arranged in opposite directions by a drive in the axial direction by rectilinear strokes in a housing, a lever between a working position about a housing head fixed axis about a housing head fixed axis by a limited angular extent in opposite directions. in which the actuator maximum enters the housing head, and an opening position drives pivotally, for example, one or more masses interchangeable associated or are, in particular for use in the bodywork of the automotive industry, wherein the actuator via an actuator coupling axis pivotally mounted with a link assembly one Toggle joint and the link assembly in turn via a handlebar pivot axis with a connecting link assembly, which in turn is pivotally connected to the housing head fixed axis, wherein in the working position, the handlebar pivot axis is pivoted at a distance next to the housing head axis maximum up to the outer end of the housing head interior and the toggle joint assembly in turn in dead center or over-center position extending through the centers of rotation of the actuator coupling axis on the one hand and the handlebar pivot axis on the other hand extending straight connecting line perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the actuator.

State of the art

Devices according to the presumed genus are known, for example as so-called pivoting units, inter alia, in the bodywork of the automotive industry. There, they serve to locate various devices, for example toggle-type tensioning devices, for locating parts of robots in production lines, for attaching and moving heavy components, such as tubular grate assemblies having toggle clamps or centering devices, welding devices, gluing devices or the like , Will such devices used as swiveling devices, they are usually driven by compressed air, such that the actuator designed as a piston rod is driven in a lift-movable manner by an alternately on both sides by pressure medium pressure, in particular by compressed air to be acted upon piston. This designed as a piston rod actuator is then coupled via a toggle joint assembly with the trained as a clamping head housing head. With the housing-fixed axis, in turn, a lever, for example a clamping lever, pivotally connected, which is pivotally connected over a certain angular range, for example by 135 °.

If such devices are used as toggle-lever clamping devices, the lever pivotably coupled to the housing-mounted lever serves as a so-called tensioning lever, with which so-called contour pieces are connected, which cooperate with a fixed abutment on the chuck or the like, also called jaws, for example, for metal sheets tension and hold until they are permanently connected, for example by gluing, clinching, spot welding or the like. In this way, for example, body panels can be stretched and held in an assembly line until they are connected to the desired component, for example a body of a motor vehicle. Also so-called centering bolts that engage through openings in body panels can be moved in this way to center body panels in their respective desired location in which they then suitable fasteners, such as spot welding, gluing, clinching or the like, are connected.

Especially with so-called pivoting units considerable forces can occur. In the prior art, the translation is unfavorable because in the open position, in which the lever, which is arranged to pivot about the housing head fixed pivot axis and down, experiences an unfavorable force introduction by its articulation points, so that problems may arise when pivoting back the pivot arm or unfavorably high forces must be expended.

task

The invention has the object of providing a device according to the presumed genus in such a way that the device reaches a uniform as possible gear and in particular when returning the lever from its maximum open position results in a favorable torque.

solution

The object is solved by each of claims 1 to 3 .

Some advantages

In a device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , a constant or approximately constant torque over the entire pivoting angle range of the arm over its housing head fixed pivot axis can be achieved. This angle range can be, for example, a maximum of 185 ° to 180 °. The fact that the entire angle range, by which the lever can be pivoted about its housing head-fixed axis via the toggle joint, by an acute angle forward, "tilted" or shifted away from the longitudinal axis of the actuator, the lever arm on which the forces can attack via the actuator, changed favorably. This lever arm is compared to the prior art, in the working position, for example, located in a clamping position clamping arm, the center of rotation of the handlebar pivot axis is right next to the center of rotation of the housing head fixed axis, such that a two of these centers of rotation connecting straight line the longitudinal axis of Handlebar arrangement in dead center position intersects at right angles, offset so that now this line intersects the longitudinal axis of the handlebar assembly at an acute angle. In the maximum open position of the lever, thereby, the pivot center of the actuator dome axis relative to the prior art moves so low that the distance between the center of rotation of the housing head axis of the arm, for example a clamping arm, and the center of rotation of the actuator coupling axis is significantly increased, so that the Force with which the actuator, for example, the piston rod of an alternately on both sides by pressure medium pressure, in particular by compressed air to be acted upon piston which is acted upon in a piston-cylinder unit, which is coaxially connected to the housing head, acts on a large lever arm. Thus, it is possible to achieve a constant torque over a large pivot angle of the lever, for example in the case of a tensioning arm of a toggle lever tensioning device or in the case of a so-called pivoting unit. Inventively, the Hubverstellkolben can be arranged with radial play in the cylinder. It may also be advantageous to form the actuator and the Hubverstellglied as mutually motorized telescopically adjustable parts, as it is also possible and may be within the scope of the inventive idea to form the actuator and the Hubverstellglied as meshing toothed gear with a rack. It is particularly useful if the bottom of the cylinder is provided with a closure member through which the Hubverstellkolben or the Hubverstellglied are adjustable and lockable from the outside in both directions. For this purpose, the adjusting member or the adjusting piston with a suitable head to attack be formed of a tool that is adjustable and lockable from the outside through the bottom of the cylinder.

Further inventive embodiments

Further inventive embodiments are described in the claims 4 to 15 .

In the embodiment according to claim 4 , the acute angle is 10 ° to 50 °, while in the embodiment according to claim 5 15 ° to 45 ° and in the embodiment according to claim 6 22.5 ° to 45 °.

Claim 7 describes a preferred embodiment.

In the claims 8 to 11 further advantageous embodiments of the invention are described.

In the embodiment according to claim 12 , an adjustment of the stroke can be achieved in that the actuator is designed strokeverstellbar or adjustable in length. This allows the swivel angle of the housing head to be fixed Change the pivot axis of the pivoting lever accordingly. In the embodiment according to claim 13 , this is done continuously.

For this purpose, claim 14 proposes a particularly advantageous embodiment for the practice in which a screw for adjusting the length of the actuator or the stroke adjustment is used.

According to claim 15 hereby comes a fine thread used, which allows a corresponding fine-scale stroke adjustment.

Fig. 1

eine als Schwenkeinheit ausgebildete Vorrichtung, teils im Längsschnitt, teils herausgebrochen dargestellt, in Arbeitsstellung;

Fig. 2

die aus Fig. 1 ersichtliche Vorrichtung in Offenstellung, ebenfalls teils im Schnitt, teils in der Ansicht bzw. herausgebrochen dargestellt;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung zum Stand der Technik und

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung gemäß der Erfindung.

Further features and advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawings, in which the invention - is illustrated partly - schematically. Show it:

Fig. 1

a trained as a pivoting device, partly in longitudinal section, partly broken out, in working position;

Fig. 2

from Fig. 1 apparent device in the open position, also shown partly in section, partly in the view or broken out;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of the prior art and

Fig. 4

a schematic representation according to the invention.

Reference numeral 1 designates a housing head designed as a clamping head, on which a drive 2 formed as a piston-cylinder unit coaxially adjoins. This drive 2 consists in the illustrated embodiment substantially of a cylinder 3, in which a piston 4 is guided longitudinally displaceable and sealing. With the piston 4 designed as a piston rod actuator 5 is integrally connected. The actuator 5 enters through a wall 6 sealed in an interior 7 of the housing head 1 a.

The housing head 1 and the drive 2 can materially in one piece or functionally in one piece, for example by screws (not shown), be connected.

The piston 4 is controlled via connecting lines 8 and 9 alternately pressure medium pressure, in particular compressed air supplied, whereby the actuator 5 performs a linear stroke movement in the direction T and V.

With 10 Hubverstellkolben is referred to, which is integrally coupled with a Hubverstellglied 11. The Hubverstellglied 11 may be a screw which can be in a corresponding internal thread (not shown) in a blind bore 12 of the actuator 5 screw more or less far, thereby the stroke of the piston 4 is changed. The Hubverstellkolben 10 is not guided druckmitteldruckdicht in the illustrated embodiment in the cylinder 3, so that the fed through the connecting line 9 fluid pressure on the Hubverstellkolben 10 past the piston 4 can act. If necessary, the Hubverstellkolben 10 may also be provided with one or more overflow openings.

At 13, a closure member is disposed in the bottom 14 of the cylinder 3, which can be removed if necessary (screw plug or the like) to the Hubverstellglied 11 by a suitable tool, for example with a screwdriver or a socket wrench, which engages in the head 15 Move more or less far into the blind bore 12 or move out, thereby changing the stroke of the actuator 5. Thus, without disassembly from the outside of the stroke of the actuator 5 in the direction of T or V sensitive, especially infinitely adjustable. For this purpose, a suitable lock, for example, a lock nut (not shown) may be provided, with which the adjusting member 11 can also be locked in the respective desired position.

The actuator 5 is pivotally connected via a Stellgliedkuppelachse 16 at its in the interior 7 of the trained as a clamping head housing head 1 end portion with a link assembly 17, the one or more handlebars or a clevis can exist. Also, the actuator 5 may be designed at its free end as a clevis.

The link assembly 17 in turn is connected via a link pivot axis 18 with a connecting link assembly 19 also pivotally connected. The longitudinal axes of the actuator dome axis 16 and the longitudinal axis of the link pivot axis 18 are parallel to each other.

The connecting link assembly 19 may as well as the link assembly 17 consist of several links or elements of a fork. The connecting link assembly 19 is connected to a fixed in the walls of the housing head 1, but pivotally mounted axis 20 pivotally connected. The axis 20 has at its apparent from the drawing, outwardly projecting end portions a square configuration for the arrangement of an arm 21, but is formed at their located in the bearings of the housing head 1 length sections in cross-section circular and there, for example, in bearings, in particular Needle roller bearings, stored with low friction. The arm 21 is thus pivotally arranged in the direction A or B by a limited angle δ ( Fig. 4 ), which may be a maximum of 135 ° in the illustrated embodiment, when the Hubverstellglied 11 is set accordingly and the piston 4 allows a corresponding stroke, whereby the pivot angle of the arm 21 can be limited and adjusted accordingly and changed.

The arm 21 may be formed as a tensioning arm of a toggle-type tensioning device or may be for receiving a load, for example other toggle-lever tensioning devices of a latticework on which centering devices or toggle-type tensioning devices, welding devices or the like are arranged. In this case, the device would be designed as a so-called pivot unit. If the apparatus shown in the drawing is used as a toggle-type clamping device, the arm 21 designed as a tensioning arm is assigned an abutment (not shown), also called a jaw. On the arm 21 and on the jaw, not shown, contour pieces are arranged in this case, for example, which cooperate with the workpieces to be clamped, in particular sheet metal in the bodywork of the automotive industry. Such contour pieces are replaceably arranged on the arm 21 and / or the jaw, not shown.

The housing head 1 may be closed, or at its upper end portion (seen in the plane of the drawing) may be fork-shaped. In addition, it is possible to assign sensors to the embodiment shown in the drawing in order to detect the respective pivoting position of the arm 21 and make it clear, for example, on a remote control or display point. In this way, for example, working position ( Fig. 1 ) and open position ( Fig. 2 ).

The reference numeral 22 denotes a line which connects the pivot centers of the actuator dome axis 16 and the handlebar pivot axis 18 in a straight line, while 23 denotes a straight line connecting the pivot centers of the handlebar pivot axis 18 and the axis 20.

The letter L denotes the straight line distance between the longitudinal axis of the actuator 5 and the center line extending through the pivot center of the axis 20 and parallel to the center line 24 of the actuator 5 extending center line ( Fig. 1 ).

C is the linear distance between the pivot centers of the actuator dome axis 16 and the handlebar pivot axis 18 in dead center or over-center position ( Fig. 1 ).

At the Fig. 1 apparent line position forms the line 23 at an acute angle with the center line 24 of the actuator 5 and an acute angle α with the line 22. In this position, the link assembly 17 is preferably in dead center or Übertotpunktlage. If "over-center position" is mentioned, this means that the toggle joint thus formed is approximately up to a degree above the dead center, occurs in the self-locking, so that at pressure medium pressure failure of the piston 4 is not independent in the Fig. 2 apparent Position, ie in open position, can move. The angle β is also an acute angle. The angle α is preferably 22.5 ° to 45 °, in the illustrated embodiment 22.5 °, so that the angle γ (FIG. Fig. 2 ) is a sharpener and, for example, also 22.5 ° to 45 °, in the illustrated embodiment also 22.5 °. In this way, over a wide pivoting angle range of the arm 21, a practically constant torque.

How out 3 and 4 is apparent in the illustrated embodiment both in the prior art ( Fig. 3 ) as well as in the inventive solution ( Fig. 4 ) the maximum swing angle of the arm 21 135 °. In the open position ( Fig. 2 ) pivots the handlebar pivot axis 18 in the prior art from the upper layer in the Fig. 3 apparent lower position. In working position, therefore, the handlebar pivot axis 18 is located exactly above the axis 20, such that the connecting line 23 in the prior art is parallel or practically parallel to the center line 24 of the actuator 5. The distance X from the pivot center of the axis 20 to the pivot center of the handlebar pivot axis 18 is in Fig. 3 denoted by X.

By the inventive solution in which the handlebar pivot axis 18 is displaced in the working position by the angle α in the direction of the arm 21, while the entire possible opening angle in this solution is also maintained at 135 ° or can be up to 180 ° in the invention but the whole Angular range δ st rotated in the direction of the arm 21, which has the consequence that in the open position according to Fig. 2 the handlebar pivot axis 18 in the off Fig. 4 has moved apparent lower position in which it assumes the measure Y from the pivot center of the axis 20. How to easily by comparison 3 and 4 can measure, the dimension Y is considerably larger than the dimension X. This means that the piston force of the piston 4 at a much larger lever arm when initiating the power stroke Fig. 2 engages in direction A as in the prior art according to Fig. 3 , This results in a favorable leverage and no problems when loosening or starting from the position according to Fig. 2 and pivoting the arm 21 and possibly attached thereto masses.

The features described in the summary, in the patent claims and in the description and apparent from the drawing features, both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention may be essential.

reference numeral

1

Housing head, clamping head

2

Drive, piston-cylinder unit

3

cylinder

4

piston

5

Actuator, piston rod

6

wall

7

inner space

8th

connecting cable

9

,,

10

Hubverstellkolben

11

Hubverstellglied

12

blind hole

13

closure member

14

ground

15

head

16

Actuator coupled axle

17

link arrangement

18

Arm pivot axis

19

Connecting link arrangement

20

axis

21

Arm, tension arm

22

line

23

"

24

Centerline, stroke longitudinal axis

A

Pivoting direction of the arm 21

B

"" ""

C

measure of length

L

"

X

Pitch

Y

,,

T

Lifting movement of the piston 4

V

"" ""

α

angle

β

"

δ

"

γ

"

Claims (15)

Device having a movable actuator (5) arranged in a housing in opposite directions by a drive (2) in the axial direction (A) by rectilinear lifting movements (T - V), which is mounted via a toggle lever arrangement (17, 19) arranged in a housing head (1) a lever (21) between a working position, in which the actuator (5) maximally enters the housing head (1), and a housing (20) by a limited angular extent (δ) in opposite directions (A - B) Opening position pivotally drives, for example, one or more masses interchangeably associated or are, in particular for use in the bodywork of the automotive industry, wherein the actuator (5) via a Stellgliedkuppelachse (16) pivotally connected to a link assembly (17) of a toggle joint and the link assembly (17) in turn via a link pivot axis (18) with a connecting link assembly (19), this in turn with the housing head fixed axis (20) is pivotally connected, wherein in the working position, the handlebar pivot axis (18) is pivoted in the distance next to the housing head fixed axis (20) at most into the outer end portion of the housing head interior (1) and the toggle lever assembly (16, 17, 18, 19) in turn in dead center or Übertotpunktstellung their by the centers of rotation of Stellgliedkuppelsachse (16 On the one hand and the handlebar pivot axis (18) on the other hand running straight connecting line (22) perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stroke (24) of the actuator (5), characterized in that the entire pivoting angle range (δ) to which the lever (21) to the housing head fixed axis (20) is pivotable to an acute angle (α) relative to the center line (24) of the actuator (5) in the pivoting plane of the arm (21) about the pivot center of the housing head fixed axis (20) in the working position of the arm (21 ) is offset. Device having a movable actuator (5) arranged in a housing in opposite directions by a drive (2) in the axial direction (A) by rectilinear lifting movements (T - V), which is mounted via a toggle lever arrangement (17, 19) arranged in a housing head (1) a lever (21) between a working position, in which the actuator (5) maximally enters the housing head (1), and a housing (20) by a limited angular extent (δ) in opposite directions (A - B) Opening position pivotally drives, for example one or more masses is interchangeably associated with, in particular for use in the bodywork of the automotive industry, wherein the actuator (5) via an actuator dome axis (16) pivotally connected to a link assembly (17) of a toggle joint and the link assembly (17) again a Lenkerschwenkachse (18) with a connecting link assembly (19), which in turn with the housing head fixed axis (20) is pivotally connected, wherein in the working position, the handlebar pivot axis (18) at a distance next to the housing head fixed axis (20) maximum to the outer end of the Housing head interior (1) is pivoted and the toggle lever assembly (16, 17, 18, 19) in turn in dead center or Übertotpunktstellung their through the centers of rotation of Stellgliedkuppelsachse (16) on the one hand and the handlebar pivot axis (18) on the other hand running straight connecting line (22) at right angles or approximately at right angles to the stroke longitudinal axis (24) de s actuator (5), characterized in that in the working position of the arm (21) through the pivot centers of the housing head fixed axis (20) of the arm (21) and the adjacent arm pivot axis (18) extending imaginary straight line (23) an acute Angle (α) forms with an imaginary straight line passing through the pivot centers of this handlebar pivot axis (18) and the pivot center of the actuator dome axis (16), said imaginary straight line (22) in working position, in particular in dead center or over-center position of the toggle joint arrangement (17, 19) forms a right angle or approximately right angle with the longitudinal axis of the stroke (24) of the actuator (5). Device having a movable actuator (5) arranged in a housing in opposite directions by a drive (2) in the axial direction (A) by rectilinear lifting movements (T - V), which is mounted via a toggle lever arrangement (17, 19) arranged in a housing head (1) ) about a housing head fixed axis (20) by a limited angular extent (δ) in opposite directions (A - B) an arm (21) between a working position in which the actuator (5) maximum in the housing head (1) enters, and a Opening position pivotally drives, for example, one or more masses interchangeably associated or are, in particular for use in the bodywork of the automotive industry, wherein the actuator (5) via a Stellgliedkuppelachse (16) pivotally connected to a link assembly (17) of a toggle joint and the link assembly (17) in turn via a handlebar pivot axis (18) with a connecting link assembly (19), this in turn with the Gehäusekopffe in the working position, the handlebar pivot axis (18) at a distance next to the housing head fixed axis (20) is maximally up to the outer end portion of the Gehäusekopfinnenraums (1) is pivoted and the toggle lever assembly (16, 17, 18, 19) in turn in dead center position or over-center position their through the centers of rotation the actuator coupling axis (16) on the one hand and the handlebar pivot axis (18) on the other hand extending straight connecting line (22) at right angles or approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the actuator (5), characterized in that in working position by the pivot center of the housing head fixed pivot axis (20 ) of the arm (21) parallel to the stroke longitudinal axis (24) of the actuator (5) extending straight line an acute angle (β) with the through the pivot centers of the housing head fixed pivot axis (20) and the adjacent link pivot axis (18) of the connecting link assembly (19) extending straight line (23) forms. Device according to claim 1 or one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the acute angle (α or β) is 10 ° to 50 °. Device according to claim 1 or one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the acute angle (α or β) is 15 ° to 45 °. Device according to claim 1 or one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the acute angle (α or β) is 22.5 ° to 45 °. Device with one in opposite directions by a drive (2) in the axial direction (A) by linear lifting movements (T - V) in one Housing arranged movable actuator (5) via a in a housing head (1) arranged toggle joint assembly (17, 19) about a housing head fixed axis (20) by a limited angular extent (δ) in opposite directions (A - B) a lever (21 ) between a working position in which the actuator (5) maximum in the housing head (1) enters, and an opening position drives pivotally, for example, one or more masses interchangeable assigned or are, in particular for use in the bodywork of the automotive industry wherein the actuator (5) via an actuator coupling axis (16) pivotally connected to a handlebar assembly (17) of a toggle joint and the link assembly (17) turn via a handlebar pivot axis (18) with a connecting link assembly (19), this in turn with the housing head fixed axis (20 ) is pivotally connected, wherein in the working position, the handlebar pivot axis (18) at a distance next to the housing head fixed Axis (20) is pivoted maximum to the outer end portion of the housing head interior (1) and the toggle lever assembly (16, 17, 18, 19) in turn in dead center or Übertotpunktstellung their by the centers of rotation of the actuator coupling shaft (16) on the one hand and the handlebar pivot axis (18) On the other hand extending straight connecting line (22) perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stroke (24) of the actuator (5) extends, according to claim 1 or one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the center of the handlebar pivot axis (18) in working position (clamping position) has a significantly greater straight-line distance (C) from the pivot center of the end portion of the actuator (5) arranged Stellgliedkuppelachse (16) to the pivot center of the handlebar pivot axis (18) than the straight measured distance (L) from the pivot center the housing head fixed pivot axis (20) for the arm (21) to the center line (24) of the actuator (5). Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance (C) is 5 to 45% greater than the distance (L). Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance (C) is 10 to 35% greater than the distance (L). Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance (C) 15 to 30% greater than the distance (L). Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance (C) 20 to 28% greater than the distance (L). Apparatus according to claim 1 or one of claims 2 to 11, with a longitudinally displaceable and sealingly guided in a cylinder (3) and alternately on both sides by pressure medium pressure, in particular by compressed air, controlled to be acted upon piston (4), which is coupled with a gear formed as a piston rod adjusting member (5), characterized in that the piston (4) is associated with a Hubverstellkolben (10) for changing the pivot angle (δ) of the arm ( 21) is adjustable and lockable in the respective desired position. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the adjustment is continuously vornehmbar. Apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the Hubverstellkolben (10) is provided with a Hubverstellglied (11), which is designed as a screw and in a blind bore (12) of the actuator (5) on and is unscrewed. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the Hubverstellglied (11) and the blind bore (12) are provided with fine pitch thread with a small pitch.

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