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EP2213106A1 - Haut-parleur à membrane plate - Google Patents

Haut-parleur à membrane plate

Info

Publication number
EP2213106A1
EP2213106A1 EP09752105A EP09752105A EP2213106A1 EP 2213106 A1 EP2213106 A1 EP 2213106A1 EP 09752105 A EP09752105 A EP 09752105A EP 09752105 A EP09752105 A EP 09752105A EP 2213106 A1 EP2213106 A1 EP 2213106A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
magnet
suspension
loudspeaker
loudspeaker system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09752105A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2213106B1 (fr
Inventor
Sascha Reckert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAUTSPRECHER TEUFEL GmbH
Original Assignee
LAUTSPRECHER TEUFEL GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LAUTSPRECHER TEUFEL GmbH filed Critical LAUTSPRECHER TEUFEL GmbH
Priority to EP09752105A priority Critical patent/EP2213106B1/fr
Publication of EP2213106A1 publication Critical patent/EP2213106A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2213106B1 publication Critical patent/EP2213106B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
    • H04R7/20—Securing diaphragm or cone resiliently to support by flexible material, springs, cords, or strands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/24—Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2231/00—Details of apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor covered by H04R31/00, not provided for in its subgroups
    • H04R2231/003—Manufacturing aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker or microphone diaphragms or of their connecting aspects to said diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/204—Material aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/207—Shape aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker system in which the membrane of the loudspeaker has a defined material thickness, in particular in its edge region, and has an asymmetrical suspension about the mechanical rest position of this membrane in the form of one, preferably two mirrored, identical components and at least 50% of the rearward sound radiation. is realized by the interior of a magnet system;
  • the invention further relates to the use of the speaker system as speakers or in radios, televisions, radio receivers, walkie talkies, test receivers, mobile phones and headphones or the like.
  • a speaker is in the narrower sense a device by which low-frequency electrical signals are converted into sound.
  • speakers are sometimes subsumed under the term sound transducer or speaker.
  • Sound generally refers to sounds, sounds, sounds or other types of sounds that can be audibly perceived by humans or animals. Since loudspeakers are used in all areas of life, such as in the cinema, in televisions, but especially in headphones or hand-held radios, loudspeakers exist in various sizes and designs and, above all, in very different qualities. For the size of the speakers, in particular for the size of the loudspeaker diaphragm, the higher the sound to be generated, the smaller the dimensions, which are associated with numerous other problems.
  • Speakers are also referred to in the art as chassis or drivers, although these terms refer to only certain device elements of a speaker system, such as the so-called basket or membrane drive.
  • the basic principle of many speakers known in the art is based on a conversion of electrical energy into sound waves through the interaction of at least one membrane, a suspension of this, a magnet system and a voice coil, as described for example in WO 98 47 317 A.
  • flat funnel-shaped, concentric tapered membranes are usually used, as described for example in GB 23 35 821 A.
  • These membranes generate the auditory signals by means of a mechanical vibration.
  • these elements should act as a piston emitter; The membrane should therefore be moved over the entire surface and evenly. It is stated in the prior art that this can generally only be achieved at low frequencies whose wavelength is large in relation to the membrane diameter.
  • the predominant design of the loudspeakers is the electrodynamic loudspeaker with central drive.
  • the membrane is driven by the interaction between electric current and a DC magnetic field.
  • a current-carrying coil is located in the magnetic DC field of the magnet.
  • the known electrodynamic loudspeaker has a central voice coil, but forms with decentralized drives have also been described.
  • Dynamic loudspeakers or dynamic cone loudspeakers are designed so that a thin, funnel-shaped membrane is elastically suspended on the outer edge of the membrane and indirectly via the mechanical connection with a voice coil bobbin. Due to the different diameters, materials and shapes of the suspensions arise different compliances, depending on the direction of movement and stroke.
  • some loudspeaker chassis instead of the funnel-shaped membrane, there are also dome-shaped or flat diaphragms which, however, have the same properties with respect to the grips in the prior art. In all these membranes, the aim is to achieve the maximum material thickness in the region of the voice coil and in the edge region the smallest possible membrane thickness.
  • a further embodiment of conventional loudspeaker chassis according to the prior art are coaxial loudspeakers as described in JP 60 09 1798 A, which additionally have a tweeter, which is placed in the region of the low midrange diaphragm.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to provide a loudspeaker system which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular has good performance parameters.
  • a loudspeaker system comprising at least one diaphragm, a suspension of this, a magnet system and a voice coil, the suspension of the diaphragm being substantially axially symmetrical about the mechanical rest position in the form of one two mirrored, identical components takes place.
  • the speaker system includes at least one diaphragm, a suspension thereof, a magnet system and a voice coil, wherein
  • the suspension of the membrane has an axisymmetrical to the mechanical rest position of this membrane suspension
  • the membrane has a thickness of more than 10% of the outer diameter
  • Diaphragm diameter has and c) the rearward main radiation takes place at least 50% through the interior of the magnet system.
  • an electrodynamic loudspeaker chassis which has either a one-piece symmetrical (FIG. 2 (5)) or a mirror-symmetrical design of at least two parts, compliant diaphragm suspension (see FIGS. 1 (4), 2 (4)).
  • a suspension which is axisymmetric about the mechanical rest position is provided in the form of one or two mirrored, identical components (see FIG. 2).
  • the compliant suspension is advantageous if it is perfectly symmetrical.
  • the term of perfectly symmetrical suspension is known to one of ordinary skill in speaker technology or acoustics; He knows what is to be understood in the field of his art as a perfectly symmetrical suspension.
  • the membrane which is fixed by the described symmetrical suspension, at the outer diameter of the membrane (outer diameter) has at least such a thickness as in the region of the center of the membrane, wherein the membrane thickness or the Membrane thickness in the edge area, ie in the outer diameter of the membrane, is more than 10% of the membrane diameter.
  • the membrane thickness is more than 1 cm at the outer diameter of the membrane.
  • the membrane thickness in the region of the center of the membrane could have half a centimeter.
  • a loudspeaker system which has as a technical feature only a membrane which has a thickness of more than 10% of the membrane diameter at the outer diameter, has surprisingly advantageous properties in the reproduction of auditory perceptible signals.
  • the larger edge thickness of the membrane than the prior art which thus means a departure from the conventional, allows a symmetrical suspension of these in the form of one or two mirrored, substantially identical components.
  • the combination of the technical features of the suspension according to the invention with those of the membrane thickness on the outer diameter of the membrane leads to a particularly improved loudspeaker.
  • a membrane which is very thick at least in the edge region advantageously permits a suspension with a particularly low tumble, in particular a symmetrical suspension (see also FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • the loudspeaker system according to the invention or the loudspeaker according to the invention is additionally improved if the rearward sound radiation takes place at least 50% through the interior of the magnet system.
  • This can be realized, for example, in that the voice coil is very large in relation to the membrane diameter compared with the previous dimensions of known devices, so that the rearward sound radiation can take place through the interior of the magnet system (see FIG. 1).
  • a characteristic of the voice coil is its inductance.
  • an electrical conductor such as a coil wire with a applied a certain number of turns on the bobbin. Due to the magnetic interlinking of the individual windings with each other and by the spatial arrangement of the individual windings, the inductance of the coils increases, preferably in the square with the number of turns.
  • a voice coil according to the invention represents the drive unit for the speaker. It consists of a thin wire which is wound on a voice coil former. The voice coil dips into the air gap of the permanent magnet or electromagnet, in which there is a magnetic field. The bobbin is connected to the membrane unit of the speaker. The magnetic alternating field, which builds up due to current flow, moves the voice coil with the diaphragm forwards and backwards and thus makes it possible to transduce the voltage vibrations and air vibrations.
  • the very large voice coil in relation to the diaphragm diameter allows a reduction of the dynamic compression by voice coil heating.
  • the very large voice coil realizes an outboard magnet system which may consist of individual magnet segments, for example sub-segments of a ring, round magnetic disks or other arbitrary shapes or a closed ring, to ensure that the rearward sound radiation can be through the center of the magnet design ,
  • a very large, circular voice coil preferably means one which reaches into the region of the edge of the membrane, for example in that the voice coil diameter is at least 75% of the membrane diameter.
  • the diameter of the membrane and voice coil is the same size in a preferred embodiment; However, it may be provided in other preferred variants of the invention that the diameter of the voice coil is greater than that of the membrane.
  • the membrane preferably a woofer membrane, additionally has a tweeter, preferably a dome tweeter (coaxial loudspeaker).
  • a Kalottenhochtöner is a dynamic speaker, preferably for frequencies above about 2 to 3 kHz, the membrane is designed in particular as a spherical cap (dome-shaped).
  • the tweeter preferably has a larger radiation angle at high frequencies than conventional speakers.
  • the tweeter is preferably an independent system, which is placed in the area of the woofer membrane, but without interacting significantly or directly with it.
  • the tweeter can be placed centrally or centrally, but also at any other location of the woofer membrane, decentralized or near the center.
  • the tweeter is located in the center of the woofer on an axis.
  • the tweeter inside the magnet system radiates the sound through an opening in the membrane of the woofer.
  • a tweeter which is arranged centrally in the woofer membrane, is located within the magnet system.
  • the tweeter may, for example, be a product as described in DE 20 2004 015 635 111.
  • the loudspeaker system according to the invention additionally comprises a tweeter
  • this combined loudspeaker system has an outer and an inner suspension (FIG. 2 (4, 5, 17)).
  • the terms of the inner or outer suspension are self-explanatory to those skilled in the art.
  • a tweeter is placed in a woofer membrane, there is on the one hand an outer edge of the woofer membrane and on the other hand also an outer edge of the tweeter membrane, the latter being at least partially surrounded by the woofer membrane.
  • the outer suspension would serve to center or position the diaphragm for the mid and low frequencies.
  • the so-called inner ring refers to the area of the outer edge of the tweeter, which is surrounded by the diaphragm for the low and midrange.
  • the area or gap between the woofer or midrange diaphragm and the tweeter may preferably be sealed by materials known to those skilled in the art, that the membrane movement of the loudspeaker for the low and midrange is not restricted and that membrane resonances are attenuated (Figure 2 (17)).
  • an elastic, open-pore or closed-cell foam which is preferably permanently elastic.
  • the membrane is positioned within the chassis by foams. It may be preferred, for example, for the membrane to be positioned with a fabric such as acrylic, nomex and / or cotton fabric in combination with phenolic and / or epoxy resin or in the form of a suspension by means of a rubber construction in the form of a suspension for the low or mid-tone region. is centered.
  • foam as an inner suspension and to seal the air gap between low or midrange and tweeter is especially in the o. G. Combination of membrane and tweeter is preferred, especially when the
  • the magnet system comprises at least one magnet, preferably from the group comprising a samarium cobalt magnet, a cerium-cobalt magnet, an aluminum-nickel-cobalt magnet, a ferrite magnet and / or preferably a neodymium magnet.
  • the loudspeaker system according to the invention preferably has a membrane, which is designed in particular as a sandwich membrane, which can be formed stiff by the combination of core material and cover layers.
  • the core material preferably has a honeycomb structure and can be formed, for example, from aramid fibers, paper, polyester, polypropylene or aluminum.
  • the cover layers of the membrane may comprise fiber materials, metal foils and / or plastic films.
  • the fiber materials may be, for example, paper or cotton.
  • the fabric When using fabrics of carbon, glass or Aramidfasem the fabric must at least on one side have a matrix-like structure that can be made for example of thermosets or thermosets.
  • the fiber materials may be fiber-plastic composites consisting of reinforcing fibers and a plastic matrix.
  • the matrix surrounds the fibers which are bonded to the matrix by adhesive or cohesive forces.
  • the fiber-plastic composite can be construed as a construction.
  • Fibers are embedded in the matrix, i. H.
  • the fibers are spatially fixed, which allows a load input and output.
  • the matrix supports the fibers. The load is transferred by the adhesion between fiber, matrix and core.
  • the fibers may be, for example, aramid, carbon, polyester, nylon, polyethylene, ceramic, glass, drilling, flax, hemp and / or other fibers.
  • Figure 1 cross-section through a membrane according to the invention and a loudspeaker chassis, wherein the membrane is centered and positioned by means of a mirror-image constructed of two parts, compliant membrane suspension.
  • Figure 2 cross section of a membrane according to the invention with a centrally arranged tweeter.
  • Figure 3 + 4 show the cross section of a housing wall in a speaker system.
  • Figure 1 shows an electrodynamic loudspeaker chassis, the peculiarity of the mechanical rest position of the membrane axisymmetric suspension in the form of two mirrored identical components (4) and in relation to the membrane diameter similarly large voice coil together with voice coil bobbin (6, 7) with simultaneous rearward sound radiation mainly through the interior of the magnet system (10, 11, 12).
  • a membrane (1) which is very thick in the edge region is necessary.
  • the membrane which is very thick at least in the edge area of the example, enables a low-symmetry suspension (4).
  • An example of the mechanical rest position perfectly symmetrical suspension in the form of two mirrored identical suspensions allows the construction of an advantageous speaker system.
  • a voice coil of similar size to the diaphragm diameter and voice coil carrier (6, 7) for reducing the dynamic compression caused by voice coil heating additionally improves the exemplary loudspeaker system.
  • the external magnet system (10, 11, 12) consists of individual magnet segments or a closed ring to ensure a main sound radiation through the center of the magnet construction with very low air compression.
  • the tweeter is in a flat surface in the form of a cone cone.
  • this flat surface can be optimized if, instead of a suspension made of corrugated tissue or a rubber bead, a straighter
  • Foam ring is used to suspend the membrane (17).
  • the tweeter (16) of any type emits its sound through an opening in the woofer cone.
  • the tweeter lies within the magnet system of the speaker.
  • the exemplary combination with the tweeter results - in addition to the advantages of the basic construction - for the low / midrange the great advantage of a flat surface in the immediate vicinity of the tweeter, especially when using foam as an inner suspension.
  • the use of a foam with a flat surface shape as a speaker suspension ( Figure 2 (4, 5, 17)) for Coax loudspeakers with a flat or slightly curved membrane surface are particularly advantageous.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a characteristic feature of conventional loudspeaker chassis with their rearward sound radiation of the loudspeaker diaphragm, wherein the sound is typically passed largely past the magnet system. This is particularly problematic when a chassis with a large voice coil and / or large magnet is needed. In this case, harmful reflections and sound refractions occur at the magnet system.
  • FIG. 4 shows the problem with very small loudspeakers.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 1:
  • FIG. 4 shows a suspension symmetrical about the mechanical rest position of the diaphragm in the form of two mirrored, identical components.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 4

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de haut-parleur où la membrane du haut-parleur possède en particulier dans sa région marginale une épaisseur de matériau définie et une suspension symétrique axialement autour de la position de repos mécanique de cette membrane, sous la forme d'un composant, de préférence de deux composants identiques en miroir et où le rayonnement sonore arrière est réalisé à au moins 50 % au travers de l'espace intérieur d'un système d'aimants. L'invention concerne en outre l'utilisation du système de haut-parleur sous la forme d'enceintes ou encore sur des radios, des téléviseurs, des récepteurs radio, des radiotéléphones, des récepteurs de messages, des téléphones mobiles ainsi que des écouteurs ou similaires.
EP09752105A 2008-10-21 2009-10-21 Haut-parleur à membrane plate Not-in-force EP2213106B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09752105A EP2213106B1 (fr) 2008-10-21 2009-10-21 Haut-parleur à membrane plate

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08075841A EP2180721A1 (fr) 2008-10-21 2008-10-21 Haut-parleur à membrane plate
PCT/EP2009/007635 WO2010046132A1 (fr) 2008-10-21 2009-10-21 Haut-parleur à membrane plate
EP09752105A EP2213106B1 (fr) 2008-10-21 2009-10-21 Haut-parleur à membrane plate

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2213106A1 true EP2213106A1 (fr) 2010-08-04
EP2213106B1 EP2213106B1 (fr) 2012-08-15

Family

ID=40414094

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08075841A Withdrawn EP2180721A1 (fr) 2008-10-21 2008-10-21 Haut-parleur à membrane plate
EP09752105A Not-in-force EP2213106B1 (fr) 2008-10-21 2009-10-21 Haut-parleur à membrane plate

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08075841A Withdrawn EP2180721A1 (fr) 2008-10-21 2008-10-21 Haut-parleur à membrane plate

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8891810B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2180721A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102187688A (fr)
RU (1) RU2523094C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010046132A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2523094C2 (ru) 2014-07-20
US8891810B2 (en) 2014-11-18
EP2180721A1 (fr) 2010-04-28
EP2213106B1 (fr) 2012-08-15
CN102187688A (zh) 2011-09-14
RU2011106827A (ru) 2012-08-27
WO2010046132A1 (fr) 2010-04-29
US20110299716A1 (en) 2011-12-08

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