EP2208835B1 - Panelling, in particular floor panelling - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a panel, in particular floor panel, with a core of a wood material or wood-plastic mixture, an upper side and a lower side, wherein the panel at a first side edge, a lower locking element, one arranged on the underside of the panel on the first Side edge has a first excellent first web and arranged at an outer end of the first web first hook element with an undercut, and at one of the first side edge opposite second side edge an upper locking element with a arranged on the top of the panel on the second side edge outstanding second web and a arranged on an outer end of the second web second hook element, which has at least one locking lug, comprises, so that two identically formed panels in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction with each other after snapping the locking lug of a Pannels are connectable and lockable in the undercut of the second panel.

Such a panel is for example from the DE 199 29 896 A1 known. Two of the panels described therein are interconnected by a joining movement running perpendicular to the laying plane. In this case, both the lower locking element and the upper locking element are continuously expanded elastically until it comes to snapping the locking lug of the one panel in the undercut of the second panel. Two panels connected in this way are connected to each other in both horizontal and vertical directions and locked.

The strength of the lock, ie the force that must be expended to re-separate two interconnected and locked panels, is thereby determined inter alia by how far the locking lug of the one panel can snap into the undercut of the second panel. The further the locking lug engages in the undercut, the stronger the lock on the panel. In order to achieve the strongest possible locking, the locking elements are to be expanded as far as possible elastically. For this purpose, the material from which both locking elements are made to have a relatively high elasticity.

The DE 103 05 695 A1 also discloses floor panels, which are connectable to each other by a joining movement extending perpendicular to the laying plane. The panels have a substantially mushroom-shaped locking strip on one side edge and a locking groove which is substantially mushroom-shaped in cross-section at a side edge opposite this side edge. When joining two panels, the substantially mushroom-shaped locking strip is now inserted into the locking groove. Due to the mushroom shape while the locking groove must be expanded elastically until it comes to snapping the mushroom-shaped locking bar.

Also the DE 202 03 311 U1 discloses floor panels which are interlockable by a vertical joining movement. Even in the solution shown there snaps a locking lug of a panel in an undercut of the other panel. Again, the locking element of a panel must be widened to ensure a lock.

Medium-density fibreboard (MDF) or high-density fibreboard (HDF) are particularly suitable as core material for the panels. These have a high strength, so that they can withstand the stresses to which particular floor panels are exposed by walking well. The disadvantage is that these carriers are elastically deformable only to a small extent. As a result, the locking elements are only elastically expandable to a limited extent. Thus, the possible strength of the locking of two panels is limited by the choice of the core material.

The DE 10 2007 015 048 A1 discloses panels in which on at least one side edge a spring element is formed which can snap into a groove provided for this purpose on the opposite side of another panel. The spring element extends along the side edge and is only connected at its two ends to the core of the panel. In between, it is free by two millings and can therefore be deflected horizontally. When joining two panels, the spring element is deflected and snaps into the groove provided in the second panel, when the two panels have reached the predefined end position. As a result, both panels are connected and locked together at least in the vertical direction.

The strength of the lock is determined by the thickness of the spring element. Especially with thin panels and the spring element must be made very thin, so that it can come in particular in these cases to a lock that is not strong enough.

The DE 10 2007 020 271 A1 discloses floor panels, on the side edges locking elements are provided for vertical locking. In this case, a latch projection of a panel dives through a window on the other panel and engages behind the peripheral wall of this window. By forming this window, a two-sided clamped bending beam is formed, which is deflected to lock and snaps back in the locking position.

The disadvantage is that this bending beam, which extends along a side edge of a panel, is connected only at its two ends to the panel. As a result, it can happen, especially in the case of floorboards laid on uneven ground due to the heavy loads that occur during walking, that the connection between the bending beam and the panel core breaks. In this case, both panels are no longer locked together.

In addition, the bending beam, characterized in that the locking element extends through the window, only about a third of the panel thickness as a thickness. In particular, with thin panels, the stability of the lock is thereby greatly reduced, so that this solution is only applicable to thick panels.

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to improve the panel initially described so that even with thin panels a strong and secure locking two identical panels together in both vertical and horizontal direction is possible.

The invention solves the problem by a generic panel in the im in the web of the lower connecting element at least one continuous slot is provided with a width which is smaller than that of the second hook element according to claim 1.

This at least one slot exposes a part of the first hook element with respect to the core in the horizontal direction. As a result, the first hook element can be deflected more easily and further both primarily in the horizontal direction and secondarily about an axis parallel to the side edge of the panel. As a result, a further widening of the lower locking element is possible, so that the locking lug of the second hook element can continue to engage in the undercut of the lower locking element, whereby the locking of both panels is strengthened each other.

Advantageously, the at least one slot extends parallel to the first side edge. This ensures that the manufacture of such a panel is quick and easy. Due to the location and length of the at least one slot can be adjusted very accurately how far the lower locking element can be expanded when connecting and locking two panels together.

Advantageously, a plurality of slots are provided. This ensures that the web of the lower locking element is not interrupted at particularly stressed points, for example in the middle of the side edge of the panel, and thus has a higher stability.

The plurality of slots are preferably arranged at different distances from the first side edge. Advantageously, at least two slots extend at least partially next to each other. In this way, it is ensured that the web is interrupted over the entire length of the side edge by at least one slot, without weakening the stability of the lower locking element too strong.

At least one of the slots is advantageously at one end of the first

Side edge arranged. As a result, the elasticity of the lower locking element is increased, especially in the edge region.

Advantageously, the at least one locking lug on the second hook element is shorter than the second side edge.

The second hook element preferably has a plurality of juxtaposed locking lugs. Preferably, the positions of the at least one slot and the at least one locking lug correspond to each other along the side edge. In this way it is ensured that at the points where there is a locking lug on the second hook element, a slot in the web is provided on the lower locking element. As a result, the elasticity of the web is increased at precisely these points and a deflection or expansion of the lower locking element is facilitated. In the places where no locking lug is provided, in this case, no slot in the web of the lower locking element, so that it has full stability there. In particular, if at least one of the slots is located at one end of the first side edge, locking lugs should also be provided at the end of the second side edge. These can, taking advantage of the rotating evasive movement of the first hook element, also longer than the at least one lying at the end of the side edge slot.

Due to the position and the length of the at least one slot, the restoring force of the lower locking element is mainly determined. The length of the at least one locking lug on the second hook element is also variable. It has a significant influence on the movement that the lower locking element performs. If the locking lug is shorter than the corresponding slot, the first hook element is mainly displaced horizontally. On the other hand, if the length of the locking lug is only slightly shorter than that of the at least one corresponding slot, the first hook element becomes more strongly rotating Evasive movement forced.

Advantageously, the underside of the first web extends at an angle α against the horizontal upwards. This taper of the underside of the plate provides increased elasticity of the lower locking element. This makes it possible to widen the lower locking element even further, without affecting the stability of the web.

The angle α is advantageously between 0 and about 15 °.

If the first side edge above the first ridge has an undercut, the free length of the first ridge is extended. This allows the lower locking element to be further widened if two identical panels are to be connected and locked together.

The undercut may be formed, for example, as a groove, in particular a rectangular in cross-section groove in the first side edge above the first web.

The first side edge and the second side edge of a panel according to the invention may each have a horizontal joining edge. By means of these joining edges, a recess is formed on one side edge and a corresponding projection on the opposite side edge of the panel. When laying and joining two panels while the projection fits into the recess. As a result, the vertical positioning of the panels during installation is decoupled from the actual locking mechanism.

Figuren 1 a bis 1 c

- einen Ausschnitt zweier Paneele gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung in verschiedenen Stadien des Verriegelungsvorganges,

Figur 2

- eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein Paneel gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung,

Figur 3

- einen Schnitt entlang der Linie III - III aus Figur 2,

Figur 4

- einen Ausschnitt zweier Paneele gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung,

Figur 5

- einen Ausschnitt zweier Paneele gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung,

Figur 6

- einen Ausschnitt zweier Paneele gemäß einem fünften Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung,

Figur 7

- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Darstellung gemäß Figur 4.

With the help of a drawing, embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail below. Show it:

FIGS. 1 a to 1 c

a detail of two panels according to a first embodiment of the present invention at various stages of the locking process,

FIG. 2

a schematic plan view of a panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 3

- A section along the line III - III from FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4

a section of two panels according to a third embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 5

a section of two panels according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 6

a section of two panels according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 7

- Another embodiment in a representation according to FIG. 4 ,

The FIGS. 1 a to 1 c show different stages of the joining process of two identical panels. In this case, a first side edge 2 is shown by a first panel 1 and a second side edge 4 by a second panel 3. On a lower side 6 of the first panel 1, a lower locking element 8 is arranged. The lower locking element 8 has a first web 10 projecting beyond the first side edge 2, at the one outer end of which a first hook element 12 is arranged is and has a slot 26.

On an upper side 14, the panel 3 has an upper locking element 16. The upper locking element 16 comprises a second web 18 projecting beyond the second side edge 4, at the one end of which a second hook element 20 is arranged.

The first hook element 12 of the lower locking element 8 has an undercut 22. Correspondingly, the second hook element 20 has a locking nose 24.

I'm in the FIG. 2 shown embodiment, two slots 26 have been introduced into the first web 10 of the lower locking element 8. In the web 10 and a plurality of slots 26 can be arranged parallel to each other, as in Figures 5 and 6 is indicated. Preferably, however, only one continuous slot 26 is provided in each case.

In FIG. 1 a, the two panels 1 and 3 are shown before the lock. They are arranged relative to one another such that the locking can be effected by a vertical joining movement of the second panel 3 relative to the first panel 1.

Figure 1 b shows both panels 1, 3 during the locking process. Compared to FIG. 1 a, the second panel 3 is lowered relative to the first panel 1. In this case, the second hook element 20 ensures that the lower locking element 8 is widened. In this case, the first hook element 12 can perform both a horizontal movement to the left and a rotation about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. This is made possible by the slot 26 provided in the first web 10 of the lower locking element 8.

In Figure 1 c are the two panels 1, 3 locked together. The locking nose 24 of the second hook element 20 is snapped into the undercut 22 in the first hook element 12. The first hook member 12 is thereby zurückgeschnellt back to its original position.

The first hook element 12 extends over the entire length of the first side edge 2. It can be made, for example, simply by a standing tool on the principle of the standing blade, wherein the movement of the workpiece is used for chip removal. The lower locking element 8 itself is made, for example, by one or more fixed, rotating milling tools. The slots 26 can also be made easily by a likewise rotating milling tool, which during the transport of the panel by a pivoting movement in the panel material and dives again. Alternatively, other methods such as lasing or stamping may be used. The preparation can be carried out in a continuous or pulsed process.

The locking lug 24 of the second hook element 20 does not extend in the embodiment shown over the entire length of the second side edge 4. Their length corresponds to the position of the slots 26 in the first web 10. This ensures that the elasticity of the lower locking element 8 is increased exactly there where a deflection of the first hook element 12 for locking both panels 1, 3 is necessary. At the locations where no locking lug 24 is provided, the lower locking element 8 has full stability. The locking lug 24 is formed for example by a stationary tool. The number of locking lugs 24 corresponds to the number of slots 26 (see FIG. FIG. 2 ).

To lock and connect both panels, the second hook element 20 is guided by pivoting the second panel 3 behind the first hook element 12 on the first panel 1. The locking lug 24 deflects the first hook element 12 until it has passed this. This is provided by the first web 10 Slots 26 allows or simplifies. Subsequently, the first hook member 12 moves back to its original position, whereby both panels 1, 3 are locked in both the horizontal and in the vertical direction. If a plurality of locking lugs 24 are provided, 3 locking lug 24 is locked for locking lug 24 during pivoting of the second panel, so that there is a connection in the manner of a zipper.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a first panel 1. At the first side edge 2, a lower locking element 8 is formed. This lower locking element 8 again has a first web 10 and a first hook element 12. In the embodiment shown, two slots 26 are provided in the first web 10, which are arranged at the respective ends of the first side edge 2. As a result, the elasticity of the lower locking element 8 is increased, in particular in the edge region. Preferably, two locking lugs are provided to match the opposite side edge, not shown, which are also arranged in the outer edge regions of the side edge.

FIG. 3 shows a section along the line III - III after FIG. 2 ,

At the bottom 6 of the first panel 1, the lower locking element 8 is arranged. In the first web 10 of the lower locking element 8, a slot 26 is provided.

The bottom 28 of the first web 10 extends at an angle α against the horizontal upwards. As a result, the elasticity of the lower locking element 8 is further increased without affecting the stability of the first web 10 on. In this way, the first hook element 12 can be further deflected when joining two identical panels. The angle α is preferably between 0 and about 15 °.

FIG. 4 shows a section of two panels 1, 3 prior to assembly. As in FIG. 3 is on the bottom 6 of the first panel 1, the lower locking element 8 is arranged, the first web 10 has a bottom 28 which extends at a not marked angle a against the horizontal H upwards. When assembling the panels 1, 3, the first hook member 12 is again deflected until the locking lug 24 engages the second hook member 20 in the designated undercut 22 on the first hook member 12. The panel 1 has at its first side edge 2 a horizontal joining edge 30. At the second side edge 4 of the second panel 3, a horizontal joining edge 30 is also provided. The two horizontal joining edges 30 are designed so that they rest on one another in the connected and locked state of the panels 1, 3. The protrusion formed by the horizontal joining edge 30 on the panel 3 coming from above inserts itself into the recess formed by the horizontal joining edge 30 on the first panel 1. This ensures that the positioning of the panels 1, 3 is decoupled from the actual locking mechanism.

FIG. 5 shows a section of two panels 1, 3 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As in the embodiments described above, the lower locking element 8 is arranged on the underside 6 of the first panel 1. In the first web 10, the underside 28 again extends at an angle α against the horizontal H upwards, two slots 26 are arranged. For locking, the second hook element 20 of the upper locking element 16, which is arranged on the upper side 14 of the second panel 3, engages in the first hook element 12. The first panel 1 has at its first side edge 2 a rectangular groove 32, through which the freedom of movement of the lower locking element 8 and thus of the first hook element 12 is further increased. In this way it is achieved that the first hook element 12 can be further deflected when locking the two panels 1, 3, without the stability of the first web 10 is impaired.

In FIG. 6 the same effect is caused by an undercut 34 provided in the first side edge 2 of the first panel 1. In this way, the free length of the first web 10 is extended, so that the first hook element 12 during the locking of the two panels 1, 3 can be further deflected without affecting the stability of the first web 10.

Also in FIG. 6 extends the bottom 28 of the first web 10 at an angle α against the horizontal H upwards.

At the in FIG. 7 In the embodiment shown, the contact surfaces 35, 36 of the first and second hook elements 12, 20 extend in a relation to the horizontal inclined angle β. In such an embodiment, the locking process takes place with less effort.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

First panel

2

First side edge

3

Second panel

4

Second side edge

6

bottom

8th

Lower locking element

10

First walkway

12

First hook element

14

top

16

Upper locking element

18

Second pier

20

Second hook element

22

undercut

24

locking tab

26

slot

28

bottom

30

Horizontal joining edge

32

Rectangular groove

34

undercut

35

contact area

36

contact area

α

angle

β

angle

H

horizontal

Claims (15)

1. Panel, in particular floor panel, with a core made of a wood-based material or wood-based material/plastic composite, with an upper side (14) and with an underside (6), wherein the panel comprises, on a first lateral edge (2), a lower locking element (8), which comprises a first web (10) arranged on the underside (6) of the panel and projecting beyond the first lateral edge (2), and a first hook element (12) arranged on an outer end of the first web (10) and having an undercut (22), and, on a second lateral edge (4) situated opposite the first lateral edge (2), an upper locking element (16) with a second web (18) arranged on the upper side (14) of the panel and projecting beyond the second lateral edge (4), and with a second hook element (20) which is arranged on an outer end of the second web (18) and which has at least one locking lug (24), with the result that two identically formed panels can be connected and locked together in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction after the locking lug (24) of one panel has been snap-fastened into the undercut (22) of the second panel, characterized in that at least one through-slot (26), which liberates part of the first hook element (12) with respect to the core, is provided in the first web (10) of the lower locking element (8) and has a width which is smaller than that of the second hook element (20), whereby the first hook element (12) can be deflected more easily and, furthermore, both primarily in the horizontal direction and, secondarily, about an axis parallel to the lateral edge (2).
2. Panel according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one slot (26) extends parallel to the first lateral edge (2).
3. Panel according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of slots (26) are provided.
4. Panel according to Claim 3, characterized in that the slots (26) are arranged at different spacings from the first lateral edge (2).
5. Panel according to Claim 4, characterized in that at least two slots (26) extend at least partially alongside one another.
6. Panel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one slot (26) is arranged at one end of the first lateral edge (2).
7. Panel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one locking lug (24) is shorter than the second lateral edge (4).
8. Panel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second hook element (20) has a plurality of locking lugs (24).
9. Panel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the positions of the at least one slot (26) and of the at least one locking lug (24) along the lateral edges (2, 4) correspond to one another.
10. Panel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the underside (28) of the first web (10) extends upwardly at an angle α with respect to a horizontal.
11. Panel according to Claim 10, characterized in that the angle α is between 0 and approximately 15°.
12. Panel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first lateral edge (2) has an undercut (34) above the first web (10).
13. Panel according to Claim 12, characterized in that the undercut (34) in the first lateral edge (2) above the first web (10) is designed as a groove (32).
14. Panel according to Claim 13, characterized in that the groove (32) is a rectangular groove (32) in cross section.
15. Panel according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first lateral edge (2) and the second lateral edge (4) each have a horizontal assembly edge (30).

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