EP2183448B1 - Carport - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a carport (1) made of pre-manufactured elements with a cover (3) designed as a separate component and with support means (4) for the cover (3). The aim of the invention is to design a carport (1) in a way, such that the components are sufficiently stable to be a protection against weather and mechanical disturbances, and that regions are provided that are suitable for walking thereon or for storing other items. This is achieved by the carport (1) also comprising the following components: a concrete element (2) made in one piece and L-shaped, the leg (2'') thereof having a horizontal alignment, wherein the concrete element (2) lies on the floor with said leg (2''), and the other leg (2') thereof comprises a vertical alignment and is extending upwards towards the cover (3). The upper side of the last-mentioned leg (2') forms a support surface for the cover (3). The invention further comprises fastening means, by which the cover (3) can be connected to the concrete element (2) and the support means (4).

Description

The invention relates to a carport of precast elements with a cover formed as a separate component and support means for the cover.

A carport is a parking space for vehicles and serves to protect against environmental influences. In contrast to the garage, a carport is an open building, i. that unlike the garage it is not completely lockable. This results in a lighter construction compared to the garage, which is also reflected in the commonly used materials, e.g. Wood, steel or aluminum.

Carports are preferred over garages when a less compact design is desired. As a result, they are faster and easier to build and therefore more cost-effective. However, despite the simplicity of the structure, carports also require foundation to ensure stability. A major disadvantage of carports, however, are the support elements for the cover, which are usually also located in the entrance area for static reasons. Since they are easier to overlook than garage walls, there is a greater risk of damage to the vehicle when driving in and out.

From the DE 100 57 179 A1 For example, a one-piece carport with a C-shaped cross-section is known, which has a floor installation section, a rear wall and a roof, wherein the roof projects cantilevered from the rear wall. However, this has the disadvantage that the transport of such a spatially expansive carport to the installation site and the structure including the necessary foundation are complex.

From the DE 202 03 760 U1 Furthermore, an easy-to-build carport embodiment of precast elements is known, in which on a precast concrete slab device as separate component formed cover and support means are provided for this cover. The cover has provided with supporting means lateral Kragträger in a rounded orientation. It essentially corresponds to the shape of a car underneath and extends over it at a small distance. The cover itself consists of a roof membrane made of foil or fabric. This embodiment has the significant disadvantage that such a construction has little static stability and thus can not provide adequate protection against weather influences and mechanical impairments. Another disadvantage is the low usable volume of space, so that the front side of the car is inaccessible.

• ein einteiliges Betonelement in L-Form, dessen einer Schenkel eine horizontale Ausrichtung aufweist, wobei das Betonelement mit diesem Schenkel auf einem Boden aufliegt, und dessen anderer Schenkel eine vertikale Ausrichtung aufweist und sich nach oben bis zur Abdeckung erstreckt, wobei die Oberseite des letztgenannten Schenkels eine Auflagefläche für die Abdeckung bildet,
• Befestigungsmittel, mittels derer die Abdeckung mit dem Betonelement und dem Stützmittel verbindbar ist.

The object of the invention is therefore to design a carport of the aforementioned type so that the components are sufficiently stable to serve as protection against weather and mechanical damage, and that areas for committing or for the storage of objects can be provided. This is achieved by the carport having the following components:

• a one-piece concrete element in L-shape, one leg of which has a horizontal orientation, the concrete element rests with this leg on a floor, and the other leg has a vertical orientation and extends up to the cover, wherein the top of the latter leg forms a bearing surface for the cover,
• Fastening means by means of which the cover with the concrete element and the support means is connectable.

This has the advantage that the cover can protrude so far that in the entry and exit area no support elements are needed. Even with carelessness there is no risk of paint or body damage. The concrete element has by its own weight the necessary counterweight to the cover, its angular shape saves cross struts between vertical and horizontal plane. Thus, in addition, with only a few components (three or more), a sufficiently stable carport can be built without previously a complex foundation must be created. Also, a shift of the established carport to another location in a simple manner possible without leaving any major damage or building substance (foundation) to be removed.

L-shaped concrete elements in standard dimensions are easy to manufacture, they are used for example for slope mounting. The cover must be designed so that it has the necessary rigidity in the required length for the entire canopy. This can be achieved, for example, by the choice of a suitable material, but also by surface structuring, reinforcing elements within the material or directly connected to etc. Essential is that the static requirements, due to the support points, dimensions of the cover and its own weight in relation to the climatic conditions of the area of application (eg more winter conditions with cold and snow loads or rather desert climate with strong heat development, consideration of strong storms, etc.) are met.

An advantageous embodiment provides to arrange the support means on the horizontally oriented legs of the concrete element. This has the advantage that even for the proppant eliminates the need for foundation and thus the carport can be set up without any foundation. Such a carport can thus be built in no time without preparations.

An advantageous embodiment provides that the top of the horizontally oriented leg of the concrete element is arranged on the same level as the surrounding soil. This has the advantage that the entire area covered by the cover lies on one level and can be negotiated with a corresponding arrangement of the support means. This can be useful if the entire space for the vehicle to be parked should be usable.

An alternative embodiment possibility provides to project the horizontally oriented legs of the concrete element in whole or in part with respect to the surrounding soil. This has the advantage of having this outstanding area in front of the To protect driving by the vehicle to be adjusted, for example, if the area for the storage of other objects or to commit to be kept.

A useful embodiment provides that the fastening means are designed for a permanent connection. This has the advantage that in a simple manner, a long-term stable connection of cover, concrete element and support means can be achieved without repairs to the attachment are required. Such a design is useful if it is assumed that the cover has a long service life.

An alternative provides that the fastening means are designed for a detachable connection. This has the advantage that the cover is easy to remove or replace either for repair or other reasons. Such a design makes sense, if it is to be expected that the cover, e.g. for design reasons or because of material wear and tear must be changed at shorter intervals or even if it is to be expected with a relocation of the carport to another location.

A further advantageous embodiment provides to provide an arrangement of the cover, in which it has a slope. This has the advantage that water can drain easily or snow can easily slip off. But also other elements that reach the roof unintentionally, such as dirt or objects, can be removed more easily, eg with water or wind, from the cover. The tilt can be designed to one of the four sides, but also over several pages or in another way. This inclination can be achieved by appropriate embodiments of the fastening means, by corresponding embodiments of the vertically oriented leg of the concrete element, by the design of the cover itself, by insertable between concrete element and cover additional elements or by increasing the support means. In the latter embodiment, a particularly advantageous inclination to the end of the concrete element is achieved in a simple manner, so that the water or snow runs where it bothers least. For a targeted water drainage, a gutter can be provided.

Further claims provide developments for the design and arrangement of the support means. Thus, the proppant may be one or more parts. The arrangement can for example be chosen so that the area on the horizontally oriented leg of the concrete element is available as a footprint for the vehicle. This is achieved for example with two support elements, which are arranged at maximum distance from each other. Or the support means may be arranged so that a delimitation of a volume of space is effected. This can be achieved for example by a large-scale, one-piece support element, or by a plurality of small-area support elements, which are arranged accordingly. In each of these embodiments for delimiting a volume of space either the setting range of the carport for a vehicle is correspondingly smaller, or it must be taken into account in the dimension of the cover a corresponding more length.

Any other embodiments of the support means are conceivable, including those as a supporting means to use a further concrete element and to arrange at the opposite end of the roof.

A particular embodiment provides to arrange a multiple of a carport to each other. In this case, side regions can at least partially adjoin one another directly or can be arranged only in the immediate vicinity of one another. In the case of direct adjacency, the volume, which is completely separated from the environment and in particular covered, is increased. With an appropriate arrangement of the vertically oriented legs of the concrete elements to the main sunning a particularly effective protection against solar radiation can be achieved. Concrete in particular is suitable for providing a good shielding against solar radiation, so that an optimum volume formation and shielding can be achieved with a clever arrangement of the carports relative to one another and with a corresponding alignment with the main solar radiation.

A further advantageous arrangement provides to arrange a plurality of carports each with the outer surface of the vertically oriented leg to each other and provide connection means for connecting the carports, so that the overhanging cover of serves at least one carport on the one hand as a counterweight to the overhanging cover of the at least one carport on the other side. This has the advantage that the concrete elements with respect to the covers must take no or a reduced overturning moment, because the covers of the two carports completely or partially balance each other. In this case, the carports can be arranged either in alignment with the sides of the vertical legs to achieve a pairwise assignment with a fully balanced counterweight, or the vertical legs can be arranged offset with their sides. In this case, more than one carport on the other side can be assigned to a carport on one side.

A particularly easy to manufacture embodiment of the connecting means provides to arrange a plate with mounting holes between the cover and the top of the vertically aligned legs of both carports to be connected, in the region of mounting holes in the cover and in the top of the vertically oriented legs, so that the fastening openings are aligned with one another and a fastening means can engage in the fastening openings. The fastening means can be, for example, bolts to be inserted into the fastening openings.

Alternative embodiments of the fastening means provide for forming them in pairs, correspondingly intermeshing elements, which are fixedly or detachably connected to the respective outer surfaces of the mutually aligned, vertically oriented legs. This allows a particularly simple installation on site, because thus the required arrangement of the vertical legs to each other (in alignment or offset) is fixed and can be achieved without errors, and it ensures a permanently backlash-free attachment. These advantages are enhanced if the interlocking elements are already integrated in the concrete elements.

All spatial configurations in the form of positive and negative design of the interlocking elements are conceivable here. Particularly suitable is the Schwalbenschanzform, but also other forms, such as a T-shape with a complementary groove.

Preferably, the engagement plane of the interlocking elements is vertically aligned. Then the carports can be connected to the already existing, corresponding carport by placing them from above when they are set up on site. This has the advantage that already existing height differences in the soil surface can not affect the connection, as well as later subsidence in the soil can not lead to stress-causing shear forces.

This advantage is enhanced when the intermeshing elements are located substantially over the entire length of the alignment plane. But even in a direction other than vertical orientation, this embodiment is advantageous because a particularly stable connection is achieved.

The design as a multiple of correspondingly interlocking element pairs, however, has the advantage that the connection of two carports not only in a linear orientation plane, but also over the entire outer surface of the vertical concrete element leg, so the rear wall of the carport, distributed, whereby the connection voltage can be distributed more evenly.

An advantageous embodiment of the various possible carport arrangements provides to form the cover so that it comprises a plurality of carports. This allows a faster assembly and a more stable weight distribution.

Such arrangements and orientations can of course be used equally well to be used against main wind directions as protection against wind force (including rain and snowfall), as may be useful in correspondingly wind vulnerable regions

Furthermore, it is possible with appropriate arrangement, in particular using concrete elements as support means, to form larger volumes of space with larger proportions of outer walls.

Fig. 1a,

1b einen erfindungsgemäßen Carport im Schnitt in Seitenansicht

Fig. 2a,2b,2c

eine Draufsicht, geschnitten: Betonelement und Stützmittel

Fig. 3a,3b,3c

Anordnungen eines Vielfachen eines Carports in Draufsicht

Fig. 3d

Spezialanordnung eines Vielfachen eines Carports mit einteiliger Bedachung in Draufsicht

Fig. 4a, 4b

Anordnungen mehrerer Carports mit aneinanderliegenden Außenseiten der vertikal ausgerichteten Schenkel in Draufsicht

Fig. 5

eine paarweise Anordnung von Carports gemäß Fig. 4a im Schnitt in Seitenansicht mit Verbindungselement.

The invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. Show it

Fig. 1a,

1b shows a carport according to the invention in section in side view

Fig. 2a, 2b, 2c

a plan view, cut: concrete element and proppant

Fig. 3a, 3b, 3c

Arrangements of a multiple of a carport in plan view

Fig. 3d

Special arrangement of a multiple of a carport with one-piece roofing in plan view

Fig. 4a, 4b

Arrangements of several carports with adjacent outer sides of the vertically oriented legs in plan view

Fig. 5

a pairwise arrangement of carports according to Fig. 4a in section in side view with connecting element.

Fig. 1a shows a carport 1 according to the invention, in which the concrete element 2 is arranged so that the surface of the horizontally oriented leg 2 "lies on the same plane as the surrounding floor 5. The support means 4 is arranged on the horizontally oriented leg 2" of the concrete element 2 , Here, the support means 4 in the form of two posts 4 configured, which are each arranged at the side edge of the carport, so that a vehicle 7 can find space between the post 4. The cover 3 is here without inclination, that is arranged in a horizontal orientation, on concrete element 2 and support means 4. If an inclination is to be provided, it is particularly expedient to align it with the concrete element 2. This can be achieved in a simple manner by lengthening or increasing the support means 4. It is expedient in this case to provide a gutter along the inclined side of the roofing 3 in order to prevent the water from running down along the concrete element.

Fig. 1b shows the same carport, in which, however, the horizontally oriented leg 2 "of the concrete element 2 with respect to the surrounding bottom 5 partially protrudes.

As a result, the area of the horizontally oriented leg 2 "of the concrete element 2 is not passable by the vehicle 7. It can therefore remain open whether the support means 4 is designed here in one or more parts.

The Fig. 2a, 2b and 2c show exemplary embodiments and arrangements of the support means 4 in plan view. These are sections in which the cover 3 and the bottom 5 are not shown.

Fig. 2a shows a multi-part embodiment of the support means 4 in the form of two posts 4, which are each marginally arranged opposite the horizontally oriented leg 2 "of the concrete element 2. In such an arrangement, the horizontally oriented portion 2" of the concrete element 2 can be traveled, provided the surface at the same level as the surrounding soil 5 is located.

Fig. 2b shows a further possible embodiment of a multi-part support means 4, here in the form of two wall-like pieces 4. Such a configuration causes a separation of a volume space, here the entire area above the horizontally oriented leg 2 "of the concrete element 2, which causes this area not from The same effect can of course also be achieved by other arrangements of multi-part support means 4, but also by a corresponding arrangement of a one-piece support means 4, as this Fig. 2c clarified. There, this effect is achieved by a one-piece support means in the form of a partial wall. The central arrangement shown in the region of the horizontally arranged leg 2 "of the concrete element 2 is an exemplary arrangement, of course, the support means 4 could also be arranged asymmetrically or completely different.

In any case, it is advantageous for the support means 4 to be arranged in the region of the horizontally oriented limb 2 "of the concrete element 2, since the support means 4 then require no extra foundation, but it is also conceivable to provide arrangements outside this area, for example if the Ground conditions allow this without major difficulties or if other conditions require it.

The Fig. 3a . 3b and 3c show arrangements 1 'of a multiple of the carport 1 according to the invention in order to enhance the existing effects and to achieve further effects. In this case, the bearing areas 3 ', 3 "of the cover 3 on the vertically oriented leg 2' (area 3 ') of the concrete element 2 and on the support means 4 (area 3") are indicated. In the arrangements 1 'shown by way of example, a multiple of the covered space volume is achieved by the immediate vicinity of the carports. This arrangement 1 'can be based, for example, on the actual space available, as shown by the example of FIG Fig. 3a should be shown. There, the individual carports 1 are offset from one another to be better fitted, for example, between other buildings or geological formations. Here, the concrete elements 2 may be provided evenly on one side, or, as shown, also alternate. Other variations are possible. By way of example, various embodiments and arrangement possibilities of the support means 4 are shown.

Arrangements 1 ', as in Fig. 3b and 3c shown by way of example illustrate, among other arrangement examples, how they bring about targeted protection against climatic effects (sun, wind) improved protection. In this case, the arrows 6 represent the directions from which the climate effect is mainly expected, against which the set vehicle is to be protected. Such effects can be due to solar radiation, such as in Mediterranean areas or in desert areas, or even on wind, which can bring in addition to direct wind effect and water, hail, snow, sand and other fluidizable objects.

Assigning an arrangement 1 'gem. Fig. 3b a second added, wherein the non-contact areas of the cover meet, even a hall effect can be achieved with two outer walls.

In arrangements of concrete elements 2 and support means 4, which are substantially aligned with their layout, for example in the figures 3a (conditionally), 3b and 3c, there is also the possibility to provide a uniform, ie one-piece roofing piece 3. This would avoid the need for adjustment and sealing work between individual covers 3. In this case, they serve vertically aligned legs 2 'of the carports 1 one side in each case as a support means 4 for the cover of the oppositely arranged carports. 1

Fig. 3d shows such an arrangement 1 'of four concrete elements 2, which are arranged one behind the other or facing each other and are covered by a one-piece cover 3. This shows a further possible embodiment and arrangement of the support means 4: The support surface 3 "of the cover 3 on the support means 4, as shown in Figures 3a to 3c, is located on the opposite concrete elements 2, which serve here as support means 4. In this case, the vehicles would not have to be turned off on the vertically oriented legs 2 "of the concrete elements 2, but aligned along them. In this way, carports can be arranged in any modular way and combined with each other to take account of individual concerns. Furthermore, these arrangements can also be changed in a simple manner, without causing great damage to the ground.

Fig. 4a and 4b show arrangements 1 'of a plurality of carports 1 with adjacent outer sides of the vertically oriented legs 2' in plan view. The connecting means 9 are not shown. Fig. 4a shows a paired arrangement in which the vertically aligned legs 2 'are aligned laterally with each other and Fig. 4b an arrangement 1 ', in which the vertically oriented legs 2' are laterally offset and therefore a carport 1 on the one side, for example, two carports 1 on the other side can face.

Fig. 5 shows a paired arrangement 1 'of carports 1 in section in side view with connecting element 9. The connecting element 9 has a plate 10 which is arranged between the covers 3 and the surfaces of the vertically arranged legs 2'. Fastening apertures 11, 11 ', 11 "are provided in the plate 10, the surface of the vertically oriented legs 2' and in the cover, which are in alignment with each other so that fasteners (not shown) can engage in all three apertures for example, to act in the openings inserted bolts.

This embodiment of the connecting element is merely a particularly good example to be produced. Of course, other embodiments are conceivable. Thus, another solution that would be easy to implement would be to connect the two vertically oriented limbs 2 'of the two carports 1 by means of screwed or clamped connections. This embodiment also allows a simple retightening, if, for example, by subsidence processes in the ground or in the carport material, the tension decreases. Or the connecting elements are connected as two spatially mutually corresponding elements fixed or releasably connected to the outer walls of the vertically oriented legs or integrated from the outset in this. The corresponding elements then engage in the joining of the carports substantially sliding into each other. Particularly good such fasteners can be brought to the intervention, if the interventions can slide vertically into each other, since they can then be joined in place when unloading from the means of transport with the lifting means from above. However, horizontal or otherwise aligned engagement levels are conceivable. In any case, the elements may extend either over the entire height or width or even over only partial area.

The examples shown represent only possible concrete embodiments, other combinations within the scope of the subclaims mentioned are of course conceivable.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

carport

1'

Arrangement of a multiple of carports

2

Concrete element (L-shaped)

2 '

vertically aligned leg of the concrete element

2 '

horizontally aligned leg of the concrete element

3

cover

3 '

Supporting region of the cover on the vertically oriented leg of the concrete element

3 ''

Support area of the cover on the support means

4

proppant

5

ground

6

Arrow, possible direction of climatic influences (main sun or main wind direction)

7

vehicle

8th

Outside surfaces of the vertically oriented legs

9

connecting means

10

plate

11

Mounting holes (in the plate 10)

11 '

Mounting holes in the vertically aligned legs 2 '

11 ''

Mounting holes in the cover 3

Claims (15)

1. A carport (1) made of prefabricated elements, comprising a roof (3) as a separate component and supporting means (4) for said roof (3),
   characterized in that,
   said carport also includes the following components:

   - an undivided L-shaped concrete element (2) of which one leg (2") is horizontally aligned, which leg (2") of said concrete element (7) rests, in the erected state, on a ground element (5), while the other leg (2') of said concrete element is vertically aligned and extends upwardly as far as said roof (3), and the top surface of said latter leg (2') forms a supporting surface for said roof (3), and

   - fastening means, by means of which said roof (3) can be connected to said concrete element (2) and said supporting means (4).
2. The carport (1) as defined in claim 1,
   characterized in that,
   said supporting means (4) are disposed on said horizontal leg (2") of said concrete element (2).
3. The carport (1) as defined in claim 1 or claim 2,
   characterized in that,
   the top surface of said horizontally aligned leg (2") of said concrete element (2) is at the same level as the ground element (5) surrounding it
4. The carport (1) as defined in claim 1 or claim 2,
   characterized in that,
   said horizontal leg (2") of said concrete element (2) protrudes completely or partially above said surrounding ground element (5).
5. The carport (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that,
   said roof (3) has a slope.
6. The carport (1) as defined in claim 5,
   characterized in that,
   said supporting means (4) are taller than said vertically aligned leg (2') of said concrete element (2) for the purpose of making said roof (3) slope toward said concrete element (2).
7. The carport (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that,
   said supporting means (4) are in the form of a single piece.
8. The carport (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that,
   said supporting means (4) are in the form of multiple pieces.
9. The carport (1) as defined in claim 8,
   characterized in that,
   said multipartite supporting means (4) are disposed along the two long sides of said roof (3).
10. An array (1 ") of carports (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that,
    a plurality of carports (1) is juxtaposed, at least some of said carports (1) being directly adjacent to each other.
11. The array (1") as defined in claim 10,
    characterized in that,
    the side comprising said vertical leg (2') of said concrete element (2) of one or more carports (1) is oriented in the main direction facing the sun.
12. The array (T) of a plurality of carports (1) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that,
    at least two carports (1) are disposed such that the external surfaces (8) of said vertically oriented legs (2') of said concrete elements (2) face each other, and fastening means (9) are provided, by means of which the at least two carports (1) can be joined in such a manner that the overhanging roof (3) of said at least one carport (1) on one side serves as a counterweight for the overhanging roof (3) of the at least one carport (1) on the other side.
13. The array (1") as defined in claim 12,
    characterized in that,
    the fastening means (9) consist of a plate (10) with mounting holes (11) that is disposed between said roof (3) and said top surface of said vertically oriented legs (2') of the two carports to be connected (1) in the region of said mounting holes (11", 11') in said roof (3) and in the top surface of said vertically oriented legs (2') such that said mounting holes (11, 11", 11") are in alignment and said fastening means can engage in said mounting holes (11, 11", 11').
14. The array (1") as defined in claim 12,
    characterized in that,
    said fastening means (9) have complementary pairs of accurately fitting interengaging elements, each of which is permanently or releasably joined to the external surfaces (8) of the associated, vertically oriented legs (2') of said concrete elements (2) and can be slidingly fitted together.
15. The array (1") as defined in claim 14,
    characterized in that,
    said interengaging elements are integrated in the vertically oriented legs (2') of said concrete elements (2).

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