EP2145009A1 - Verfahren zur enzymatischen reduktion von alkenderivaten - Google Patents
Verfahren zur enzymatischen reduktion von alkenderivatenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2145009A1 EP2145009A1 EP07822525A EP07822525A EP2145009A1 EP 2145009 A1 EP2145009 A1 EP 2145009A1 EP 07822525 A EP07822525 A EP 07822525A EP 07822525 A EP07822525 A EP 07822525A EP 2145009 A1 EP2145009 A1 EP 2145009A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radical
- carried out
- reaction
- reduction
- seq
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007423 screening assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010044292 tryptophyltyrosine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/24—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carbonyl group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P13/00—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
- C12P13/008—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds containing a N-O bond, e.g. nitro (-NO2), nitroso (-NO)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P17/00—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/10—Nitrogen as only ring hetero atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P41/00—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture
- C12P41/002—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture by oxidation/reduction reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/24—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carbonyl group
- C12P7/26—Ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/44—Polycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/46—Dicarboxylic acids having four or less carbon atoms, e.g. fumaric acid, maleic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/62—Carboxylic acid esters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the enzymatic reduction of alkene derivatives of the general formula (1).
- the object was to provide a process for the enzymatic preparation of compounds of the general formula (2) from unsaturated alkene derivatives of the general formula (1), which proceeds in particular in high chemical yield and very good stereoselectivity.
- the present invention relates to a process for the enzymatic preparation of
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are H, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, carboxyl or an optionally substituted carbo- or heterocyclic, is aromatic or nonaromatic, or R 1 is linked to R 3 to become part of a 4-8 membered cycle, or R 1 is linked to R to become part of a 4-8 membered cycle, with the determination in that R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may not be identical, by reduction of a compound of formula (1) in the presence of a reductase
- the process according to the invention can be carried out either with purified or enriched enzyme itself or with microorganisms which naturally or recombinantly express this enzyme or with cell homogenates derived therefrom.
- C 1 -C 6 -alkyl in particular methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl, and the corresponding mono- or polysubstituted analogs, such as i-propyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl, tert. Butyl, i-pentyl or neopentyl; in particular, the stated CrC 4 - alkyl radicals are preferred;
- Carboxyl in particular the group COOH, - carbocyclic and heterocyclic aromatic or non-aromatic rings, in particular optionally fused rings having 3 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally 1 to 4 heteroatoms, such as N, S and O, in particular N or O.
- cyclopropyl Cyclobutyl, cyclopenty, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, the mono- or polyunsaturated analogs thereof, such as cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptadienyl; Phenyl and naphthyl; and 5- to 7-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radicals having 1 to 4 heteroatoms, which are selected from O, N and S, wherein the heterocycle may optionally be fused with another heterocycle or carbocycle.
- heterocyclic radicals derived from pyrrolidine, tetrahydrofuran, piperidine, morpholine, pyrrole, furan, thiophene, pyrazole, imidazole, oxazole, thiazole, pyridine, pyran, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, cumarone, indole and quinoline.
- the cyclic radicals but also the abovementioned alkyl and alkenyl radicals one or more times, such as. B. 1-, 2- or 3-fold, be substituted.
- halogen in particular F, Cl, Br; - OH, -SH, -NO 2 , -NH 3 , -SO 3 H, C r C 4 alkyl and C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, C r C 4 alkoxy; and hydroxy-dC 4 alkyl; wherein the alkyl and alkenyl radicals are as defined above and the alkoxy radicals are derived from the above-defined corresponding alkyl radicals.
- radicals R 1 and R 3 can also be so linked directly together to a 4-8, preferably together with the reducible double bond a 5 or 6 membered ring, for example a cyclopentene or cyclohexene structure, which may also be optionally substituted, for example by alkyl, preferably methyl radicals.
- radicals R 1 and R may also be linked directly to one another such that they form a 4-8, preferably a 5 or 6-membered cycle together with the double bond to be reduced, for example a cyclopentene or cyclohexene structure, which may also be optionally substituted, for example by alkyl, preferably methyl radicals.
- the above-mentioned 4-8-membered cycles can be both carbocycles, ie only C atoms form the cycle, as well as heterocycles, ie heteroatoms such as O, S, N, are included in the cycle. If desired, these carbocycles or heterocycles may also be substituted, ie H atoms are replaced by heteroatoms.
- N-phenylsuccinimides see Substrate 3 below
- substituted heterocycles which are formed by cyclization between R 1 and R 3 .
- Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention are the enzymatic reduction of the following substrates (compounds of general formula 1) to give the corresponding compounds of general formula (2):
- the process according to the invention can be carried out in particular with compounds of the general formula (1) in which A is an aldehyde or ketone radical and R 1 or R 2 is methyl.
- the reductases suitable for the process according to the invention (which are sometimes also referred to as enoate reductases) have a polypeptide sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, or 3 or a polypeptide sequence which is at least 80%, such as at least 90%, or at least 95% and especially at least 97%, 98% or 99% sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 or 3.
- a polypeptide with SEQ ID NO: 1 is known under the name YqjM from Bacillus subtilis. (UniprotKB / Swissprot entry P54550)
- a polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2 is encoded by the OPR1 gene from tomato. (U-niprotKB / Swissprot entry Q9XG54)
- a polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3 is encoded by the OYPR3 gene from tomato. , (UniprotKB / Swissprot entry Q9FEW9).
- reductases can be obtained starting from SEQ ID NO: 1, 2, or 3 by targeted or randomized mutagenesis methods known to the person skilled in the art.
- microorganisms preferably in the genera Alishewanella, Alterococcus, Aquamonas, Aranicola, Arsenophonus, Azotivirga, Brenneria, Buchnera (aphid P-endosymbionts), Budvicia, Buttiauxella, Candidatus Phlomobacter, Cedecea, Citrobacter, Dickeya, Edwardsieila, Enterobacter , Erwinia, Escherichia, Ewingella, Grimontella, Hafnia, Klebsiella, Kluyvera, Leclercia, Leminorel Ia, Moellerella, Morganella, Obesumbacterium, Pantoea, Pectobacterium, Photorhabdus, Plesiomonas, Pragia, Proteus, Providencia,
- the reductase can be used in purified or partially purified form or else in the form of the microorganism itself. Methods for the recovery and purification of dehydrogenases from microorganisms are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the enantioselective reduction with the reductase preferably takes place in the presence of a suitable cofactor (also referred to as cosubstrate).
- a suitable cofactor also referred to as cosubstrate.
- cofactors for the reduction of the ketone is usually NADH and / or NADPH.
- NADH and / or NADPH cofactors for the reduction of the ketone
- Reductases are used as cellular systems which inherently contain cofactor or alternative redox mediators are added (A. Schmidt, F. Hollmann and B. Buehler "Oxidation of Alcohols" in K. Drauz and H. Waldmann, Enzyme Catalysis in Organic Synthesis 2002, Vol. III, 991-1032, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim).
- the enantioselective reduction with the reductase preferably takes place in the presence of a suitable reducing agent which regenerates the oxidized cofactor in the course of the reduction.
- suitable reducing agents are sugars, in particular hexoses, such as glucose, mannose, fructose, and / or oxidizable alcohols, in particular ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, and formate, phosphite or molecular hydrogen.
- a second dehydrogenase e.g.
- Glucose dehydrogenase when using glucose as a reducing agent or formate dehydrogenase in the use of formate as a reducing agent This can be used as a free or immobilized enzyme or in the form of free or immobilized cells. They can be produced either separately or by coexpression in a (recombinant) reductase strain.
- a preferred embodiment of the claimed process is the regeneration of the cofactors by an enzymatic system in which a second dehydrogenase, more preferably a glucose dehydrogenase, is used.
- the reductases used according to the invention can be used freely or immobilized.
- An immobilized enzyme is an enzyme which is fixed to an inert carrier. Suitable support materials and the enzymes immobilized thereon are known from EP-A-1149849, EP-A-1 069 183 and DE-OS 100193773 and from the references cited therein. The disclosure of these documents is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- Suitable support materials include, for example, clays, clay minerals such as kaolinite, diatomaceous earth, perlite, silica, alumina, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, cellulose powders, anion exchange materials, synthetic polymers such as polystyrene, acrylic resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, polyurethanes and polyolefins such as polyethylenes and polypropylene.
- the support materials are usually used in a finely divided, particulate form for the production of the supported enzymes, wherein porous forms are preferred.
- the particle size of the carrier material is usually not more than 5 mm, in particular not more than 2 mm (grading curve).
- Carrier materials are, for example, calcium alginate, and carrageenan.
- Enzymes as well as cells can also be crosslinked directly with glutaraldehyde (cross-linking to CLEAs). Corresponding and further immobilization processes are described, for example, in J. Lalonde and A. Margolin "Immobilization of Enzymes" in K. Drauz and H. Waldmann, Enzyme Catalysis in Organic Synthesis 2002, Vol. III, 991-1032, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
- the reaction can be carried out in aqueous or non-aqueous reaction media or in 2-phase systems or (micro) emulsions.
- the aqueous reaction media are preferably buffered solutions which generally have a pH of from 4 to 8, preferably from 5 to 8.
- the aqueous solvent may also contain, besides water, at least one alcohol, e.g. Ethanol or isopropanol or dimethyl sulfoxide.
- Non-aqueous reaction media are to be understood as meaning reaction media which contain less than 1% by weight, preferably less than 0.5% by weight, of water, based on the total weight of the liquid reaction medium.
- the reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent.
- Suitable organic solvents are for example aliphatic hydrocarbons, preferably having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, such as pentane, cyclopentane, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, octane or cyclooctane, halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, preferably having one or two carbon atoms, such as dichloromethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane or Tetrachloroethane, aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, the xylene, chlorobenzene or dichlorobenzene, aliphatic acyclic and cyclic ethers or alcohols, preferably having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, such as ethanol, isopropanol, diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert - butyl ether, dipropy
- the reduction with the reductase in an aqueous-organic reaction medium such as.
- an aqueous-organic reaction medium such as.
- water / isopropanol in any mixing ratio such as 1: 99 to 99: 1 or 10:90 to 90:10, or an aqueous reaction medium.
- the substrate (1) is preferably used in a concentration of 0.1 g / l to 500 g / l, more preferably from 1 g / l to 50 g / l in the enzymatic reduction and can be performed continuously or discontinuously after ,
- the enzymatic reduction is generally carried out at a reaction temperature below the deactivation of the reductase used and above -10 0 C. It is particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 100 0 C, in particular from 15 to 60 0 C and especially from 20 to 40 0 C, for example at about 30 0 C.
- a preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention consists in carrying out the reaction in the presence of divalent metal ions, in particular in the presence of Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Mo ions. It is advantageous to choose the concentration of alkaline earth metal ions about the same as the concentration of the substrate to be used (alkene derivative of general formula I). In particular, if the substrate is capable of complexing metal ions due to its structure, e.g. For dicarboxylic acid derivatives, the addition of divalent metal ions in equimolar concentration as the substrate is recommended.
- the substrate (1) with the reductase, the solvent and optionally the coenzymes optionally present a second dehydrogenase for the regeneration of the coenzyme and / or other reducing agents and mix the mixture, z. B. by stirring or shaking.
- a second dehydrogenase for the regeneration of the coenzyme and / or other reducing agents and mix the mixture, z. B. by stirring or shaking.
- immobilize the reductase in a reactor for example in a column, and to pass through the reactor a mixture containing the substrate and optionally coenzymes and / or cosubstrates.
- the mixture can be circulated through the reactor until the desired conversion is achieved.
- the reduction will lead to a conversion of at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 85% and in particular of at least 95%, based on the substrate contained in the mixture.
- the progress of the reaction ie the sequential reduction of the double bond can be followed by conventional methods such as gas chromatography or high pressure liquid chromatography.
- "functional equivalents" or analogues of the specifically disclosed enzymes are different polypeptides which furthermore have the desired biological activity, such as substrate specificity.
- “functional equivalents” are understood as meaning enzymes which catalyze the model reaction and which has at least 20%, preferably 50%, particularly preferably 75%, very particularly preferably 90% of the activity of an enzyme comprising one of the amino acid sequences listed under SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 or 3.
- functional equivalents are preferably stable between pH 4 to 10 and advantageously have a pH optimum between pH 5 and 8 and a temperature optimum in the range from 20 ° C. to 80 ° C.
- “functional equivalents” are in particular also understood as meaning mutants which, in at least one sequence position of the abovementioned amino acid sequences, have a different amino acid than the one specifically mentioned but nevertheless have one of the abovementioned biological activities
- “Functional equivalents” thus include those represented by a or multiple amino acid additions, substitutions, deletions and / or inversions of available mutants, said changes may occur in any sequence position, as long as they lead to a mutant with the property profile according to the invention. Functional equivalence is given in particular even if the reactivity patterns between mutant and unchanged polypeptide match qualitatively, ie, for example, the same substrates are reacted at different rates.
- Precursors are natural or synthetic precursors of the polypeptides with or without the desired biological activity.
- “Functional derivatives” of polypeptides of the invention may also be produced at functional amino acid side groups or at their N- or C-terminal end by known techniques
- Such derivatives include, for example, aliphatic esters of carboxylic acid groups, amides of carboxylic acid groups, obtained by reaction with ammonia or with a primary or secondary amine; N-acyl derivatives of free amino groups prepared by reaction with acyl groups; or O-acyl derivatives of free hydroxy groups prepared by reaction with acyl groups.
- “functional equivalents” in the case of a possible protein glycosylation, include proteins of the type described above in deglycosylated or glycosylated form as well as modified forms obtainable by altering the glycosylation pattern.
- “functional equivalents” also include polypeptides that are accessible from other organisms, as well as naturally occurring variants. For example, regions of homologous sequence regions can be determined by sequence comparison and, based on the specific requirements of the invention, equivalent enzymes can be determined.
- “Functional equivalents” also include fragments, preferably single domains or sequence motifs, of the polypeptides of the invention having, for example, the desired biological function.
- Fusion equivalents are also fusion proteins which comprise one of the abovementioned polypeptide sequences or functional equivalents derived therefrom and at least one further, functionally different, heterologous sequence in functional N- or C-terminal linkage (ie without substantially mutual functional impairment of the fusion protein portions
- heterologous sequences are, for example, signal peptides or enzymes.
- Homologs of the proteins of the invention can be prepared by screening combinatorial libraries of mutants, e.g. Shortening mutants, to be identified.
- a variegated library of protein variants can be generated by combinatorial mutagenesis at the nucleic acid level, such as e.g. by enzymatic ligation of a mixture of synthetic oligonucleotides.
- methods that can be used to prepare libraries of potential homologs from a degenerate oligonucleotide sequence. The chemical synthesis of a degenerate gene sequence can be carried out in a DNA synthesizer, and the synthetic gene can then be ligated into a suitable expression vector.
- degenerate gene set allows for the provision of all sequences in a mixture that encode the desired set of potential protein sequences.
- Methods of synthesizing degenerate oligonucleotides are known to those skilled in the art (eg, Narang, SA (1983) Tetrahedron 39: 3; Itakura et al. (1984) Annu. Rev. Biochem. 53: 323; Itakura et al., (1984) Science 198: 1056; Ike et al. (1983) Nucleic Acids Res. 1 1: 477).
- REM Recursive ensemble mutagenesis
- the invention furthermore relates to nucleic acid sequences (single-stranded and double-stranded DNA and RNA sequences, such as, for example, cDNA and mRNA) which code for an enzyme with reductase activity according to the invention.
- nucleic acid sequences which are e.g. for amino acid sequences according to SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 or 3 characterizing partial sequences thereof.
- nucleic acid sequences mentioned herein can be prepared in a manner known per se by chemical synthesis from the nucleotide units, for example by fragment condensation of individual overlapping, complementary nucleic acid units of the double helix.
- the chemical synthesis of oligonucleotides can be carried out, for example, in a known manner by the phosphoamidite method (Voet, Voet, 2nd edition, Wiley Press New York, pages 896-897).
- the attachment of synthetic oligonucleotides and filling of gaps with the aid of the Klenow fragment of the DNA polymerase and ligation reactions and general cloning methods are described in Sambrook et al. (1989), Molecular Cloning: A laboratory manual, CoId Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
- the pH in the process according to the invention is advantageously maintained between pH 4 and 12, preferably between pH 4.5 and 9, more preferably between pH 5 and 8, min. 98% ee achieved.
- growing cells can be used which contain nucleic acids encoding the reductase, nucleic acid constructs or vectors.
- dormant or open cells can be used.
- open cells are meant, for example, cells which have been rendered permeable by treatment with, for example, solvents, or cells which have been disrupted by enzyme treatment, by mechanical treatment (eg French Press or ultrasound) or by some other method.
- the crude extracts thus obtained are advantageously suitable for the process according to the invention.
- Purified or purified enzymes can also be used for the process. Also suitable are immobilized microorganisms or enzymes that can be used advantageously in the reaction.
- the process according to the invention can be operated batchwise, semi-batchwise or continuously.
- the operation of the process may advantageously be carried out in bioreactors, e.g. in Biotechnology, Volume 3, 2nd Edition, Rehm et al. Ed., (1993), especially Chapter II.
- the products prepared in the process according to the invention can be isolated from the reaction medium by methods familiar to the person skilled in the art and, if desired, purified. These include distillation processes, chromatographic processes, extraction processes and crystallization processes. The cleaning of the products can be significantly increased depending on the requirement by combining several of these methods.
- the asymmetric bioreduction of the substrates was carried out according to the following general procedure using the isolated enzymes YqjM, OPR1, OPR3. leads. Because of poor water solubility, N-phenyl-2-methylmaleimide was added as a 10% DMF solution (1% final concentration).
- the enzyme preparation (100-200 ⁇ g) was 50 mM pH 1.5 (0.8 ml) with the cofactor NADH or NADPH (15 mM) was added to a solution of the substrate (5 mM) in Tris buffer and the reaction was performed at 30 0 C under Shaking (140rpm) performed. After 48 hours, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate and the reaction products were analyzed by GC.
- NADH / GDH To a mixture of substrate (5 mM) oxidized cofactor NAD + (100 ⁇ M), glucose (20 mM) in Tris buffer 50 mM pH 7.5 (0.8 ml), (D) -GDH (10 ⁇ ) was added after the enzyme ( 100-200 ⁇ g) was added and the reaction was (at 30 0 C 140 rpm) was performed for 48 hours.
- GC-FID analyzes were performed on a Varian 3800 gas chromatograph with H 2 as the carrier gas (14.5 psi).
- the enantiomeric excess was determined using a cyclodextrin-bonded dimethylpolysiloxane phase capillary column (CP-Chirasil-DEX CB, 25 m, 0.32 mm, 0.25 ⁇ m film) with a split-phase ratio of 25: 1.
- Temperature program 105 0 C 5 min stop, 1 ° C / min to 120 ° C, 6 min. Hold, 20 ° C / min to 180 0 C, 2 min. Hold.
- Retention times were as follows: (S) - and (R) -1-nitro-2-phenylpropane 12.06 and 12.57 min, respectively.
- the absolute configuration of 1-nitro-2-phenylpropane was determined by coinjection of an independently synthesized reference sample (J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 1802-1804).
- Retention times were as follows: Citronellal 5.21 min, 1-octanol (internal standard) 5.83 min, Geranial 7.53 min Determination of the enumeric excess and the absolute configuration: The enantiomeric excess of citronellal was measured using a modified ⁇ -cyclodextrin Capillary column (Hydrodex-ß-TBDAc, 25 m, 0.25 mm) Temperature program: 40 ° C hold 2 min, 4 ° C / min to 120 0 C, 1 min. Hold, 20 ° C / min to 180 0 C, 3 min. Hold. Retention times were as follows: (S) - and (R) - citronellal 19.84 and 19.97 min resp. The absolute configuration of citronellal was determined by coinjection of a commercially available reference sample of known absolute configuration.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP07822525A EP2145009A1 (de) | 2006-11-15 | 2007-11-13 | Verfahren zur enzymatischen reduktion von alkenderivaten |
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EP06124126 | 2006-11-15 | ||
EP06126993A EP1959019A1 (de) | 2006-12-22 | 2006-12-22 | Verfahren zur enzymatischen Reduktion von Alkenderivaten |
PCT/EP2007/062251 WO2008058951A1 (de) | 2006-11-15 | 2007-11-13 | Verfahren zur enzymatischen reduktion von alkenderivaten |
EP07822525A EP2145009A1 (de) | 2006-11-15 | 2007-11-13 | Verfahren zur enzymatischen reduktion von alkenderivaten |
Publications (1)
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EP2145009A1 true EP2145009A1 (de) | 2010-01-20 |
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EP07822525A Withdrawn EP2145009A1 (de) | 2006-11-15 | 2007-11-13 | Verfahren zur enzymatischen reduktion von alkenderivaten |
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US (1) | US8313923B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2145009A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008058951A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
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WO2009074524A2 (de) * | 2007-12-10 | 2009-06-18 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur enzymatischen reduktion von alpha-dehydroaminosäuren unter verwendung von enoat dehydrogenasen |
EP2145904A1 (de) | 2008-07-18 | 2010-01-20 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur enzymkatalysierten Hydrolyse von Polyacrylsäureestern sowie dafür zu verwendende Esterasen |
WO2010139651A2 (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-09 | Basf Se | A process for the enzymatic reduction of enoates |
WO2012025861A1 (en) | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-01 | Pfizer Manufacturing Ireland | Process for the preparation of ( s ) - 3 - cyano - 5 - methylhexanoic acid derivatives adn of pregabalin |
CN104142370B (zh) * | 2014-01-03 | 2016-01-06 | 南京工业大学 | 一种1-苯基-2-硝基丙烯及其相关物质的分析检测方法 |
GB201413899D0 (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2014-09-17 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst and use therof |
GB2589854A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-06-16 | Givaudan Sa | Improvements in or relating to organic compounds |
CN115232853A (zh) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-10-25 | 山东中京生物科技有限公司 | 一种酶法去除鹅去氧胆酸中22-ene-CDCA的方法 |
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DE19931847A1 (de) | 1999-07-09 | 2001-01-11 | Basf Ag | Immobilisierte Lipase |
DE10019380A1 (de) | 2000-04-19 | 2001-10-25 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kovalent gebundenen biologisch aktiven Stoffen an Polyurethanschaumstoffen sowie Verwendung der geträgerten Polyurethanschaumstoffe für chirale Synthesen |
DE10019377A1 (de) | 2000-04-19 | 2001-10-25 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Immobilisierung von biologisch aktiven Stoffen auf Trägermaterialien und Verwendung der mit biologisch aktiven Stoffen geträgerten Materialien für chirale Synthesen |
JP3910005B2 (ja) | 2000-07-11 | 2007-04-25 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 電子写真感光体 |
JP2002233395A (ja) * | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-20 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 補酵素nadhの再生方法 |
US20070117191A1 (en) | 2002-02-06 | 2007-05-24 | Harumi Kamachi | Reductase gene for alpha-substituted-alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound |
JP2005027552A (ja) | 2003-07-11 | 2005-02-03 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 新規な光学活性2−ヒドロキシメチル−3−アリールプロピオン酸の製造方法 |
JP4729919B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-21 | 2011-07-20 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 微生物の培養方法及び光学活性カルボン酸の製造方法 |
-
2007
- 2007-11-13 US US12/514,215 patent/US8313923B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-13 EP EP07822525A patent/EP2145009A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-11-13 WO PCT/EP2007/062251 patent/WO2008058951A1/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
AUTERHOFF H. ET AL: "Lehrbuch der Pharmazeutischen Chemie", vol. 14, 1999, pages: 269 - 270, XP003029025 |
ROHDICH F ET AL: "Enoate reductases of Clostridia: Cloning, sequencing, and expression", JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, US, vol. 276, no. 8, 23 February 2001 (2001-02-23), pages 5779 - 5787, XP002285475, ISSN: 0021-9258, DOI: 10.1074/JBC.M008656200 * |
ROMPP: "Citronellal-excerpt", 1995, pages 1, XP003029026 |
See also references of WO2008058951A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2008058951A8 (de) | 2009-12-10 |
US20100035315A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
US8313923B2 (en) | 2012-11-20 |
WO2008058951A1 (de) | 2008-05-22 |
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