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EP2136605A1 - Microwave oven with rotating antenna - Google Patents

Microwave oven with rotating antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2136605A1
EP2136605A1 EP09290456A EP09290456A EP2136605A1 EP 2136605 A1 EP2136605 A1 EP 2136605A1 EP 09290456 A EP09290456 A EP 09290456A EP 09290456 A EP09290456 A EP 09290456A EP 2136605 A1 EP2136605 A1 EP 2136605A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
heating chamber
housing
antenna
microwave oven
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09290456A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2136605B1 (en
Inventor
Abdelaaziz Bouirdene
Jean Claude Arnaud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Groupe Brandt SAS
Original Assignee
FagorBrandt SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FagorBrandt SAS filed Critical FagorBrandt SAS
Publication of EP2136605A1 publication Critical patent/EP2136605A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2136605B1 publication Critical patent/EP2136605B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/74—Mode transformers or mode stirrers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/72—Radiators or antennas
    • H05B6/725—Rotatable antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microwave oven with rotating antenna.
  • It relates generally heating appliances or cooking appliances using microwave radiation.
  • a magnetron delivers high frequency energy to a heating chamber via a waveguide that conducts the waves and adjusts the impedance of the high frequency output of the magnetron.
  • a major problem in this type of oven lies in the heterogeneity of the distribution of waves in the heating chamber, creating hot spots and cold spots in the food to be heated.
  • This phenomenon is the translation of the existence of privileged modes of excitation of the heating chamber by the high frequency energy supplied through the waveguide communicating with the heating chamber. There are thus bellies and nodes of electric and magnetic fields in the heating chamber, leading to a heterogeneous distribution of the waves.
  • This problem is increased when high temperatures are used in a heating chamber, especially during the pyrolysis cleaning.
  • This antenna consists of a vertical segment emerging from the waveguide through the upper wall of the heating chamber and extended by a horizontal plate attached to one end of the cooking rod.
  • a rod portion of the antenna and the plate attached to this rod thus freely extend into the heating chamber.
  • They constitute a radiating antenna, the length of the horizontal plate being greater than the length of the rod portion in order to increase the proportion of energy radiated by the horizontal plate, rotatable in the enclosure.
  • the radiation of such an antenna in the open air in the heating chamber is poorly controllable, the heating characteristics depending not only on the antenna but also on the combination of this antenna with the dimensions and shape of the antenna. the heating chamber.
  • the amount of energy radiated in the heating chamber depends on the position of the rotating antenna as well as the position of the magnetron with respect to the wall comprising the wave output.
  • the amount of radiated energy is greater on the side where the magnetron is located, thus causing an asymmetry in the distribution of the energy radiated in the heating chamber although the antenna is rotatable.
  • the present invention aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide a microwave oven having a high frequency energy supply structure of the heating chamber to homogenize the distribution of energy in this heating chamber.
  • the present invention relates to a microwave oven comprising a heating chamber, a waveguide adapted to supply high frequency energy in the heating chamber from a magnetron, and a rotary antenna comprising a rod opening out of the waveguide in a wall of the heating chamber and a plate fixed at a point of attachment at one end of the rod.
  • the wall of the heating chamber comprises a housing, the rod of the antenna opening into said housing, and the antenna plate extends in the housing, the plate having a radiating slot arranged at distance from said fixing point of the plate.
  • the rotating antenna forms with the rotary antenna plate an intermediate cavity conforming the magnetic field (to have a symmetry not obtained in the waveguide), in the extension of the main waveguide connecting the magnetron to the heating chamber, the coupling between the waveguide and the cavity being formed by means of the rod of the antenna.
  • the cavity stores energy and the rotating antenna restores the energy in the heating chamber symmetrically.
  • This cavity created in the wall of the heating chamber makes it possible to evenly distribute the quantity of energy in the heating chamber regardless of the position of the magnetron with respect to this enclosure.
  • the rotating antenna makes it possible to generate a quantity of energy leaving the equal radiating gap in any angular position of said rotary antenna. In other words, the same amount of energy enters the heating chamber regardless of the angular position of the rotating antenna.
  • the radiant slot mounted in rotation makes it possible to excite the heating chamber according to multiple excitation modes.
  • the radiating slot corresponds to a different excitation mode of the heating chamber.
  • Each of the excitation modes, different from each other, are complementary to obtain a uniform field distribution in the heating chamber.
  • Microwave energy coming out only by the radiating slot a maximum of modes are excited in the heating chamber and are not the same depending on the angular position of the rotating antenna.
  • the distribution of the energy radiated in the heating chamber is better controlled.
  • the housing is in the form of a revolution about an axis, the antenna rod extending along said axis, and the plate comprises at least a peripheral edge portion in a circular arc. near a wall of revolution of housing.
  • the cavity formed by the revolution-shaped housing and the plate of the rotating antenna is almost closed, except for the presence of the radiating slot for delivering energy into the heating chamber.
  • the rotating antenna does not protrude from the housing and is thus retracted into the wall of the heating chamber without going beyond it.
  • the radiating slot extends along an arc of a circle of length of the order of a half-length. high frequency energy wave provided.
  • the distance separating the radiating gap from the point of attachment of the plate is substantially equal to a quarter of a wavelength of the high frequency energy supplied.
  • This radiating slot is thus adapted to perpendicularly cut the electric currents flowing in the antenna plate from the point of attachment of the antenna rod, in a portion of the plate at which the electric currents are substantially directed. in radial directions from the point of attachment.
  • the radiating slot is defined by a second peripheral edge portion in an arc of the plate.
  • the Applicant has found that a second peripheral edge portion, cutting the electric currents flowing in the plate was sufficient to define a radiating slot and create a radiating electric field in the heating chamber.
  • the microwave oven comprises at least one obstacle-forming conductive element, extending close to the wall of the heating enclosure, opposite the housing, and the radiating slot extends along a circular arc of length such that, regardless of the angular position of the plate of the rotating antenna, a portion of the radiating slot length of the order of half a length of The supplied high frequency energy wave extends beyond the obstacle forming element.
  • the sizing of the radiating slot thus makes it possible to obtain an impedance brought back to the level of the magnetron which remains stable on a rotation of the antenna.
  • the radiating slot is of sufficient size to allow coupling of the magnetron to the heating chamber so as to deliver maximum power.
  • This rotary antenna thus makes it possible both to impedance match the microwave chain between the magnetron and the heating chamber, and this regardless of the angular position of the plate of the rotating antenna, and to obtain, thanks to the rotation of the radiating slot, a homogeneity in the distribution of the microwave energy in the heating chamber by exciting a multitude of modes.
  • the present invention thus provides a radiating slot in a rotary antenna to overcome the obstacles extending in front of the slot during the rotation cycle of the antenna, and thus to deliver a maximum power in the heating chamber whatever the angular position of the radiating slot.
  • the obstacle-conducting element comprises a substantially rectilinear wire extending opposite the revolution-shaped housing, the radiating slot extending along a circular arc of length of the order of two times half a wavelength.
  • the obstacle element when the obstacle element is disposed perpendicular to the radiating gap, it cuts off the radiation thereof.
  • the revolution-shaped housing is stamped in a side wall of the heating chamber, one or more parallel wires of a step extending in front of this side wall, opposite the housing, and therefore vis-à-vis the rotating antenna, and the radiating slot extends over an angular sector greater than 120 °.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to correctly feed a heating chamber despite the presence of steps in front of the rotating antenna, the latter being placed along a side wall of the heating chamber.
  • FIG. 1 a heating chamber of a microwave oven with its functional elements, the body and the oven door having been removed to facilitate the understanding of the invention.
  • the microwave oven comprises a heating chamber 10 defined by side walls 11, 12, an upper wall 13, also called vault, and a bottom wall 14, also called the hearth of the oven.
  • a magnetron 20, including the antenna 21 opens into a waveguide 30 formed against a wall of the heating chamber 10.
  • the microwave oven here comprises heating elements, including radiant heating elements of the electric heater type.
  • the heating chamber 10 thus comprises radiant elements 16 at the level of the vault 13 of the heating chamber 10 in particular to ensure a heating function of the enclosure 10 and grill.
  • the heating chamber 10 may also include at the hearth 14 heating elements arranged below it, for heating the heating chamber 10.
  • Steps 17 are defined on the side walls 11, 12 of the heating chamber 10 allowing the positioning at different heights of a baking dish (see for example the cooking plate P illustrated in FIG. figure 4 ).
  • the flat P can be adjusted in height in the cavity.
  • the dish P is placed in the lower position on the lower step 17, near the hearth 14 of the heating chamber 10.
  • the level of the dish P can be arbitrary.
  • each level of the step 17 is made from two son 18 arranged parallel to one another and in a plane parallel to the side walls 11, 12.
  • Step 17 comprises several levels, and for example three levels as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 .
  • steps 17 consist of step son 18 are fixed on the side walls 11, 12 of the heating chamber 10 by fastening elements such as ceramic hooks 19a. They are kept spaced from the side walls 11, 12 by teflon washers 19b.
  • steps son 18 are made of metal son, and for example chromed steel.
  • a magnetron 20 makes it possible to supply high frequency energy at an antenna 21 opening at one end of the waveguide 30.
  • this magnetron 20 is adapted to emit microwaves at a frequency of 2.45 GHz corresponding to a wavelength of the order of 12.24 cm in the free space.
  • the waveguide 30 extends along a side wall, and here along the right side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10 between the outer surface of this side wall 12 and the oven body (not shown).
  • the waveguide 30 thus has a rectangular section variable in its length for coupling the magnetron 20 to the heating chamber 10.
  • a rotary antenna 40 is adapted to couple the waveguide 30 with the heating chamber 10.
  • This rotary antenna 40 comprises a rod 41 extending partly in the waveguide 30 and opening through the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10.
  • the waveguide 30 and the heating chamber 10 are integral, and fixed, in particular by welding, around the through hole of the rod 41 of the waveguide 30 towards the heating chamber 10.
  • the antenna 40 is mounted with its rod 41 at a lower portion 32 of the waveguide 30.
  • a static pin 31 (also called stud in English terminology) is placed in the waveguide 30 between the antenna 21 magnetron 20 and rotary antenna 40.
  • the diameter, the height and the position of the stud 31 are determined according to the constitution of the waveband to promote impedance matching.
  • the antenna 40 is mounted in rotation by means of a drive system by a motor 50.
  • the motor 50 is adapted to drive the antenna 40 in rotation at a speed of 5 rpm.
  • the rotary antenna 40 is driven by the motor 50 by indirect coupling by means of a belt device 55 and pulleys 51, 52.
  • a pulley 51 secured to the output shaft of the motor 50 makes it possible to transmit by means of a belt 55 its rotational movement to a return pulley 52 mounted on an axis 53 integral with the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40.
  • the shaft 53 is made of a material that is transparent to microwaves, such as, for example, Teflon or ceramic.
  • a washer 54 is provided.
  • the washer 54 is a bearing made of a material that is transparent to microwaves, such as, for example, teflon or ceramic, and makes it possible to center the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40 in the passage hole (not referenced) between the guide 30 and the heating chamber 10.
  • the drive of the antenna 40 in rotation could be implemented by a direct mounting on the axis of the motor 50.
  • the assembly described above makes it possible to move the motor 50 under the lower wall 14 of the heating chamber 10 and thus to limit the size of the drive system of the rotary antenna 40 between the side wall 12 of the heating enclosure 10 and the body (not shown).
  • the pulleys 51, 52 connected in movement by the belt 55 are mounted on a section 56 forming a support.
  • This profile 56 has plane faces intended to support the pulleys 51, 52 in rotation and a folded wing 57 extending in a plane perpendicular to the side wall 12 so as to form a spacer to maintain the spacing between the wall 12 and the bodywork. This prevents any possibility of contact through the body 12 with the drive system of the rotary antenna 40, and any risk of displacement of the antenna 40.
  • the rotary antenna 40 further comprises a plate 70 mounted at one end 43 of the rod 41, for example by means of a fixing screw 44.
  • the rod 41 and the plate 70 are made of an electrically conductive material, and by example metal low loss metal (aluminum, copper).
  • the end 43 of the rod 41 and the plate 70 opens out of the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10 in a housing 60.
  • the housing 60 is a housing of revolution shape, obtained directly by one or more cylindrical shaped stampings made in the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10.
  • This cylindrical housing 60 has an axis of revolution X along which the shaft 41 of the rotary antenna 40 extends.
  • the rotary antenna 40 is positioned at its stem 41 in the center of the cylindrical housing 60.
  • the side wall 12 more precisely comprises three concentric cylindrical moldings 61, 62, 63 concentric with the same axis of revolution X.
  • the cylindrical stampings 61, 62, 63 are of increasing diameters towards the center of the heating chamber 10.
  • a first stamp 61 thus at least partially defines the housing 60 formed by the stamped side wall 12 and the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.
  • a second press 62 is formed downstream of the plate 70 and a third embossed 63 of larger dimensions makes it possible to fix a shutter plate 64 in a microwave-transparent material of the mica type.
  • the second press 62 thus makes it possible to house the rotary antenna 40 and prevent it from coming into contact with the closure plate 64.
  • This mica plate 64 (which was removed on the figures 1 and 3 in order to facilitate understanding of the mounting of the rotary antenna 40) thus makes it possible to close the housing 60 while extending at a distance and parallel to the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.
  • This shutter plate 64 also makes it possible to reconstitute inside the heating enclosure 10 a substantially flat lateral wall 12, preventing the user from any contact with the rotary antenna 40 placed in the housing 60.
  • the housing 60 forms a microwave propagation cavity extending the waveguide 30, the microwave energy being transmitted by the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40 of the waveguide 30 to the housing 60.
  • the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40 has a portion 73 of peripheral edge in a suitable arc of a circle, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 , to be disposed near the revolution wall 61 of the housing 60.
  • the housing 60 is substantially closed by the antenna 40, thus forming a cavity trapping the microwaves emitted at the rod portion 43 of the rotary antenna 40.
  • the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40 has a radiating slot 71 disposed at a distance d from the point of attachment 72 of the plate 70 to the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40, that is to say from the center of rotation of the plate 70.
  • the electric currents circulating radially in the plate 70 are cut by the radiating slot 71. This distance is substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the microwave energy supplied by the magnetron 20.
  • the radiating slot 71 By disposing a radiating slot 71 at a distance from the center of rotation 72 substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength, the radiating slot 71 intersects the electric current lines perpendicularly so that a radiating electromagnetic field is created at the this radiating slot 71 towards the heating chamber 10.
  • the radiating slot 71 is defined in a second portion 74 of the peripheral edge in an arc of a circle in the plate 70.
  • the radiating slot 71 has a length of the order of half the wavelength.
  • the radiating slot 71 has a substantially annular shape and is defined by the peripheral edge 74 in the form of a circular arc centered on the center of rotation 72 of the plate 70.
  • the plate 70 has a first peripheral edge 73 whose radius substantially corresponds to the opening radius of the housing 60 and a second peripheral edge 74, of smaller radius, adapted to define a radiating slot 71 in the plate 70, that is, that is to say a slot cutting the lines of electric currents in a direction perpendicular to these electric currents.
  • the plate 70 further comprises two straight edges 75 extending perpendicularly to each other and respectively connecting the ends 73a, 73b of the first peripheral edge portion 73 to the ends 74a, 74b of the second peripheral edge portion 74 of the plate 70.
  • the Applicant has indeed found that the arc portion 74 delimited by the straight edges 75 was sufficient to define in the plate 70 a radiating slot 71 from which is radiated microwave energy in the heating chamber 10.
  • the plate 70 'could comprise a radiating slot 71' obtained by a cut inside a circular plate whose peripheral edge 73 'defines a circle of diameter substantially corresponding to the diameter of the housing 60.
  • the radiating slot 71' is defined by an inner arc portion 74 'spaced from the point of rotation 72' and adapted to intersect perpendicularly the lines of electrical currents flowing radially from the point of attachment 72 'of the rotating antenna.
  • the radiating gap 71 ' is defined by another circular arc portion 76', concentric with the circular arc portion 74 'and the peripheral edge 73' so as to create an annular cutout.
  • the ends of the annular cutout are closed by straight edges 75 'arranged perpendicular to each other as previously described in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .
  • Such a radiating slot 71 ' is thus defined by a cut made inside the plate 70' and delimited on its periphery by curved edges 74 ', 76' and straight edges 75 '.
  • the first embodiment defining a radiating slot 71 only by a circular arc portion 74 delimited by straight edges 75 has the advantage of being less expensive material. It is also simpler to perform, by cutting the plate 70 at its first peripheral edge 73, thus forming a notch in the plate 70. In addition, the rotating antenna 40 is lightened.
  • the distance d separating the second peripheral edge 74, 74 'from the center rotation 72, 72 ' is between 15 and 35 mm, and preferably between 20 and 30 mm.
  • This distance d corresponds substantially to a quarter of a wavelength (approximately 30 mm).
  • the width L of the slot 71, 71 ' is substantially greater than or equal to 10 mm.
  • the arcuate portion 76 'defining the outside of the slot 71' is located at a distance from the point of rotation 72 'of between 25 and 55 mm, and preferably between 30 and 45 mm.
  • the first peripheral edge 73, 73 ' has a distance to the center of rotation 72, 72' of the order of 40 to 50 mm, and preferably equal to 45 mm.
  • this distance corresponds to about twice a quarter wavelength (about 60 mm).
  • the length I of the slot 71, 71' substantially corresponding to the length formed by the median arc extending in the slot 71, 71 ', should be of the order of half a wavelength of the supplied high frequency energy.
  • the radiating slot 71, 71 's extends over an angular sector ⁇ of between 120 ° and 200 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is measured along the peripheral edge 74, 74 'and taking the center at the point of attachment 72, 72'.
  • the angle ⁇ is between the two edges 75, 75 'of the recessed side of the plate 70, at the intersection with the median arc extending in the slot 71, 71'.
  • the radiating slot 71, 71' extends over an angular sector ⁇ of approximately 120 °.
  • the presence of the conductive wires 18 when they extend perpendicularly to the slot 71 reflect the electric field radiated by the slot 71, thus disturb the power of microwave energy delivered in the heating chamber 10, and mismatch the impedance seen by the magnetron 20.
  • the impedance perceived by the magnetron 20 remains substantially stable at all times during a cycle of rotation of the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.
  • this radiating slot 71 must extend over a circular arc of length I of the order of twice a half-wavelength, and in the embodiment described above, over a length of at least 100 mm.
  • the radiating slot 71 thus extends over an angular sector of approximately 200 ° and. is sufficient to respond to the magnetron coupling problem providing the microwave energy to the heating chamber 10, regardless of the angular position of the radiating slot 71.
  • heating chamber 10 it is possible both to obtain a good distribution of the microwave energy in the room.
  • heating chamber 10 to have a good homogeneity of cooking in the food, without the need to resort to a turntable, while maintaining a stability in the impedance perceived by the magnetron 20, thus making it possible to continuously deliver maximum power to the heating chamber 10.
  • the invention is not limited to a mixed cooking oven (by convection and by microwave) but can be implemented in a single microwave oven, with or without an upper grill.
  • the conductive elements placed vis-à-vis the rotating antenna are not limited to son steps but may be constituted by any type of obstacle material not transparent to microwaves.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)

Abstract

The oven has a wave guide (30) for supplying high frequency energy in a heating chamber (10) from a magnetron (20). A rotary antenna (40) has a rod emerging on the guide in a lateral wall (12) of the chamber, where the rod is extended along axis. The wall has a housing (60), where the rod is opened in the housing. The antenna has a plate (70) extended in the housing, where the plate has a radiating slot arranged at a distance from a fixation point (72) of the plate.

Description

La présente invention concerne un four à micro-ondes à antenne rotative.The present invention relates to a microwave oven with rotating antenna.

Elle concerne de manière générale les appareils de chauffage ou appareils de cuisson des aliments mettant en oeuvre un rayonnement micro-ondes.It relates generally heating appliances or cooking appliances using microwave radiation.

Dans un four à micro-ondes, un magnétron délivre de l'énergie à haute fréquence à une enceinte de chauffage par l'intermédiaire d'un guide d'ondes qui conduit les ondes et adapte l'impédance de la sortie à haute fréquence du magnétron.In a microwave oven, a magnetron delivers high frequency energy to a heating chamber via a waveguide that conducts the waves and adjusts the impedance of the high frequency output of the magnetron.

Un problème majeur dans ce type de four réside dans l'hétérogénéité de la répartition des ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage, créant des points chauds et des points froids dans l'aliment à chauffer.A major problem in this type of oven lies in the heterogeneity of the distribution of waves in the heating chamber, creating hot spots and cold spots in the food to be heated.

Ce phénomène est la traduction de l'existence de modes privilégiés d'excitation de l'enceinte de chauffage par l'énergie à haute fréquence fournie au travers du guide d'ondes communiquant avec l'enceinte de chauffage. Il existe ainsi des ventres et des noeuds de champs électriques et magnétiques dans l'enceinte de chauffage, conduisant à une répartition hétérogène des ondes.This phenomenon is the translation of the existence of privileged modes of excitation of the heating chamber by the high frequency energy supplied through the waveguide communicating with the heating chamber. There are thus bellies and nodes of electric and magnetic fields in the heating chamber, leading to a heterogeneous distribution of the waves.

Afin de remédier à cet inconvénient, on connaît des solutions mettant en oeuvre un plateau tournant au niveau de la sole de l'enceinte de chauffage, ce plateau tournant étant destiné à supporter en rotation les aliments à chauffer afin d'homogénéiser le chauffage de ces aliments.In order to overcome this drawback, solutions are known that implement a turntable at the level of the hearth of the heating chamber, this turntable being intended to support in rotation the food to be heated in order to homogenize the heating of these food.

Toutefois, l'existence d'un tel plateau tournant est contraignante pour l'enceinte de chauffage.However, the existence of such a turntable is restrictive for the heating chamber.

Ainsi, lorsque l'on veut intégrer une alimentation en micro-ondes dans un four traditionnel, muni notamment de résistances chauffantes au niveau de la voûte et de la sole de l'enceinte de chauffage, la présence d'un plateau tournant et de son mécanisme de rotation sont difficilement compatibles.Thus, when one wants to integrate a microwave power supply in a traditional oven, provided in particular with heating resistors at the level of the vault and the floor of the heating chamber, the presence of a turntable and its rotation mechanism are hardly compatible.

Ce problème est accru lorsque de hautes températures sont mises en oeuvre dans une enceinte de chauffage, notamment lors du nettoyage par pyrolyse.This problem is increased when high temperatures are used in a heating chamber, especially during the pyrolysis cleaning.

Afin de s'affranchir de la présence du plateau tournant, on connaît dans le document FR 2 532 510 un appareil de chauffage dans lequel une antenne rotative est montée au niveau de la voûte d'une enceinte de chauffage.In order to overcome the presence of the turntable, we know in the document FR 2,532,510 a heater in which a rotating antenna is mounted at the vault of a heating chamber.

Cette antenne est constituée d'un segment vertical débouchant du guide d'ondes au travers de la paroi supérieure de l'enceinte de chauffage et prolongée par une plaque horizontale fixée à une extrémité de la tige de cuisson.This antenna consists of a vertical segment emerging from the waveguide through the upper wall of the heating chamber and extended by a horizontal plate attached to one end of the cooking rod.

Une portion de tige de l'antenne et la plaque fixée à cette tige s'étendent ainsi librement dans l'enceinte de chauffage.A rod portion of the antenna and the plate attached to this rod thus freely extend into the heating chamber.

Elles constituent une antenne rayonnante, la longueur de la plaque horizontale étant supérieure à la longueur de la portion de tige afin d'accroître la proportion d'énergie rayonnée par la plaque horizontale, mobile en rotation dans l'enceinte.They constitute a radiating antenna, the length of the horizontal plate being greater than the length of the rod portion in order to increase the proportion of energy radiated by the horizontal plate, rotatable in the enclosure.

Toutefois, le rayonnement d'une telle antenne à l'air libre dans l'enceinte de chauffage est peu maîtrisable, les caractéristiques de chauffage dépendant non seulement de l'antenne mais également de la combinaison de cette antenne avec les dimensions et la forme de l'enceinte de chauffage.However, the radiation of such an antenna in the open air in the heating chamber is poorly controllable, the heating characteristics depending not only on the antenna but also on the combination of this antenna with the dimensions and shape of the antenna. the heating chamber.

Ainsi, dans le document FR 2 532 510 , la quantité d'énergie rayonnée dans l'enceinte de chauffage dépend de la position de l'antenne rotative ainsi que de la position du magnétron par rapport à la paroi comportant la sortie d'ondes. La quantité d'énergie rayonnée est plus importante du côté où se situe le magnétron, provoquant ainsi une asymétrie dans la répartition de l'énergie rayonnée dans l'enceinte de chauffage bien que l'antenne soit rotative.So, in the document FR 2,532,510 , the amount of energy radiated in the heating chamber depends on the position of the rotating antenna as well as the position of the magnetron with respect to the wall comprising the wave output. The amount of radiated energy is greater on the side where the magnetron is located, thus causing an asymmetry in the distribution of the energy radiated in the heating chamber although the antenna is rotatable.

La présente invention a pour but de résoudre les inconvénients précités et de proposer un four à micro-ondes ayant une structure d'alimentation en énergie à haute fréquence de l'enceinte de chauffage permettant d'homogénéiser la répartition de l'énergie dans cette enceinte de chauffage.The present invention aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide a microwave oven having a high frequency energy supply structure of the heating chamber to homogenize the distribution of energy in this heating chamber.

A cet effet, la présente invention concerne un four à micro-ondes comprenant une enceinte de chauffage, un guide d'ondes adapté à fournir de l'énergie à haute fréquence dans l'enceinte de chauffage à partir d'un magnétron, et une antenne rotative comprenant une tige débouchant du guide d'ondes dans une paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage et une plaque fixée en un point de fixation à une extrémité de la tige.To this end, the present invention relates to a microwave oven comprising a heating chamber, a waveguide adapted to supply high frequency energy in the heating chamber from a magnetron, and a rotary antenna comprising a rod opening out of the waveguide in a wall of the heating chamber and a plate fixed at a point of attachment at one end of the rod.

Selon l'invention, la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage comporte un logement, la tige de l'antenne débouchant dans ledit logement, et la plaque de l'antenne s'étend dans le logement, la plaque comportant une fente rayonnante disposée à distance dudit point de fixation de la plaque.According to the invention, the wall of the heating chamber comprises a housing, the rod of the antenna opening into said housing, and the antenna plate extends in the housing, the plate having a radiating slot arranged at distance from said fixing point of the plate.

Ainsi, grâce au montage de l'antenne rotative dans le logement de la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage, celui-ci constitue avec la plaque de l'antenne rotative une cavité intermédiaire conformant le champ magnétique (pour avoir une symétrie non obtenue dans le guide d'ondes), dans le prolongement du guide d'ondes principal reliant le magnétron à l'enceinte de chauffage, le couplage entre le guide d'ondes et la cavité étant réalisé au moyen de la tige de l'antenne.Thus, thanks to the mounting of the rotating antenna in the housing of the wall of the heating chamber, it forms with the rotary antenna plate an intermediate cavity conforming the magnetic field (to have a symmetry not obtained in the waveguide), in the extension of the main waveguide connecting the magnetron to the heating chamber, the coupling between the waveguide and the cavity being formed by means of the rod of the antenna.

La cavité emmagasine l'énergie et l'antenne rotative restitue l'énergie dans l'enceinte de chauffage de manière symétrique.The cavity stores energy and the rotating antenna restores the energy in the heating chamber symmetrically.

Cette cavité créée dans la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage permet de répartir uniformément la quantité d'énergie dans l'enceinte de chauffage quelle que soit la position du magnétron par rapport à cette enceinte.This cavity created in the wall of the heating chamber makes it possible to evenly distribute the quantity of energy in the heating chamber regardless of the position of the magnetron with respect to this enclosure.

Ainsi, le problème d'asymétrie dans la répartition de la quantité d'énergie rayonnée dans l'enceinte de chauffage est résolu grâce au logement créé dans la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage et couplant le guide d'ondes à l'enceinte de chauffage.Thus, the problem of asymmetry in the distribution of the amount of energy radiated in the heating chamber is solved thanks to the housing created in the wall of the heating chamber and coupling the waveguide to the enclosure of heater.

L'antenne rotative permet de générer une quantité d'énergie sortant de la fente rayonnante égale en toute position angulaire de ladite antenne rotative. En d'autres termes, la même quantité d'énergie entre dans l'enceinte de chauffage quelle que soit la position angulaire de l'antenne rotative.The rotating antenna makes it possible to generate a quantity of energy leaving the equal radiating gap in any angular position of said rotary antenna. In other words, the same amount of energy enters the heating chamber regardless of the angular position of the rotating antenna.

La fente rayonnante montée en rotation permet d'exciter l'enceinte de chauffage selon des modes d'excitation multiples.The radiant slot mounted in rotation makes it possible to excite the heating chamber according to multiple excitation modes.

En effet, pour chaque position angulaire de l'antenne rotative, la fente rayonnante correspond à un mode d'excitation de l'enceinte de chauffage différent.Indeed, for each angular position of the rotating antenna, the radiating slot corresponds to a different excitation mode of the heating chamber.

Chacun des modes d'excitation, différents les uns des autres, sont complémentaires pour obtenir une répartition de champ uniforme dans l'enceinte de chauffage.Each of the excitation modes, different from each other, are complementary to obtain a uniform field distribution in the heating chamber.

On obtient ainsi une homogénéité dans la répartition de l'énergie micro-ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage, évitant de recourir à l'utilisation d'un plateau tournant.This gives a homogeneity in the distribution of microwave energy in the heating chamber, avoiding the use of a turntable.

L'énergie micro-ondes sortant uniquement par la fente rayonnante, un maximum de modes sont excités dans l'enceinte de chauffage et ne sont pas les mêmes en fonction de la position angulaire de l'antenne rotative.Microwave energy coming out only by the radiating slot, a maximum of modes are excited in the heating chamber and are not the same depending on the angular position of the rotating antenna.

Ainsi, la répartition de l'énergie rayonnée dans l'enceinte de chauffage est mieux maitrisée.Thus, the distribution of the energy radiated in the heating chamber is better controlled.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, le logement est de forme de révolution autour d'un axe, la tige de l'antenne s'étendant selon ledit axe, et la plaque comporte au moins une portion de bord périphérique en arc de cercle à proximité d'une paroi de révolution du logement.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the housing is in the form of a revolution about an axis, the antenna rod extending along said axis, and the plate comprises at least a peripheral edge portion in a circular arc. near a wall of revolution of housing.

Ainsi, la cavité formée par le logement de forme de révolution et la plaque de l'antenne rotative est quasiment fermée, hormis la présence de la fente rayonnante permettant de délivrer de l'énergie dans l'enceinte de chauffage.Thus, the cavity formed by the revolution-shaped housing and the plate of the rotating antenna is almost closed, except for the presence of the radiating slot for delivering energy into the heating chamber.

L'antenne rotative ne dépasse pas du logement et est ainsi escamotée dans la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage, sans dépasser à l'intérieur de celle-ci.The rotating antenna does not protrude from the housing and is thus retracted into the wall of the heating chamber without going beyond it.

Afin de favoriser le couplage entre cette cavité et l'enceinte de chauffage et délivrer une puissance maximale à l'enceinte de chauffage, la fente rayonnante s'étend suivant un arc de cercle de longueur de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde de l'énergie à haute fréquence fournie.In order to promote the coupling between this cavity and the heating chamber and to deliver maximum power to the heating chamber, the radiating slot extends along an arc of a circle of length of the order of a half-length. high frequency energy wave provided.

De préférence, la distance séparant la fente rayonnante du point de fixation de la plaque est sensiblement égale à un quart de longueur d'onde de l'énergie à haute fréquence fournie.Preferably, the distance separating the radiating gap from the point of attachment of the plate is substantially equal to a quarter of a wavelength of the high frequency energy supplied.

Cette fente rayonnante est ainsi adaptée à couper perpendiculairement les courants électriques circulant dans la plaque de l'antenne à partir du point de fixation de la tige de l'antenne, dans une portion de la plaque au niveau de laquelle les courants électriques sont sensiblement dirigés dans des directions radiales à partir du point de fixation.This radiating slot is thus adapted to perpendicularly cut the electric currents flowing in the antenna plate from the point of attachment of the antenna rod, in a portion of the plate at which the electric currents are substantially directed. in radial directions from the point of attachment.

Selon une caractéristique pratique de l'invention, la fente rayonnante est définie par une seconde portion de bord périphérique en arc de cercle de la plaque.According to a practical feature of the invention, the radiating slot is defined by a second peripheral edge portion in an arc of the plate.

La Demanderesse a constaté qu'une seconde portion de bord périphérique, coupant les courants électriques circulant dans la plaque était suffisante pour définir une fente rayonnante et créer un champ électrique rayonnant dans l'enceinte de chauffage.The Applicant has found that a second peripheral edge portion, cutting the electric currents flowing in the plate was sufficient to define a radiating slot and create a radiating electric field in the heating chamber.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le four à micro-ondes comprend au moins un élément conducteur formant obstacle, s'étendant à proximité de la paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage, en vis-à-vis du logement, et la fente rayonnante s'étend suivant un arc de cercle de longueur telle que, quelle que soit la position angulaire de la plaque de l'antenne rotative, une portion de la fente rayonnante de longueur de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde de l'énergie à haute fréquence fournie s'étend au-delà de l'élément conducteur formant obstacle.According to another characteristic of the invention, the microwave oven comprises at least one obstacle-forming conductive element, extending close to the wall of the heating enclosure, opposite the housing, and the radiating slot extends along a circular arc of length such that, regardless of the angular position of the plate of the rotating antenna, a portion of the radiating slot length of the order of half a length of The supplied high frequency energy wave extends beyond the obstacle forming element.

Le dimensionnement de la fente rayonnante permet ainsi d'obtenir une impédance ramenée au niveau du magnétron qui reste stable sur une rotation de l'antenne.The sizing of the radiating slot thus makes it possible to obtain an impedance brought back to the level of the magnetron which remains stable on a rotation of the antenna.

Ainsi, quelle que soit la position angulaire de la plaque de l'antenne en vis-à-vis de l'élément formant obstacle, la fente rayonnante est de dimension suffisante pour permettre un couplage du magnétron à l'enceinte de chauffage de manière à délivrer une puissance maximale.Thus, whatever the angular position of the antenna plate vis-à-vis the obstacle element, the radiating slot is of sufficient size to allow coupling of the magnetron to the heating chamber so as to deliver maximum power.

Cette antenne rotative permet ainsi à la fois d'adapter en impédance la chaine de micro-ondes entre le magnétron et l'enceinte de chauffage, et ceci quelle que soit la position angulaire de la plaque de l'antenne rotative, et d'obtenir, grâce à la rotation de la fente rayonnante, une homogénéité dans la répartition de l'énergie micro-ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage en excitant une multitude de modes.This rotary antenna thus makes it possible both to impedance match the microwave chain between the magnetron and the heating chamber, and this regardless of the angular position of the plate of the rotating antenna, and to obtain, thanks to the rotation of the radiating slot, a homogeneity in the distribution of the microwave energy in the heating chamber by exciting a multitude of modes.

La présente invention fournit ainsi une fente rayonnante dans une antenne rotative permettant de s'affranchir des obstacles s'étendant devant la fente au cours du cycle de rotation de l'antenne, et permettant ainsi de délivrer une puissance maximale dans l'enceinte de chauffage quelle que soit la position angulaire de la fente rayonnante.The present invention thus provides a radiating slot in a rotary antenna to overcome the obstacles extending in front of the slot during the rotation cycle of the antenna, and thus to deliver a maximum power in the heating chamber whatever the angular position of the radiating slot.

En pratique, l'élément conducteur formant obstacle comporte un fil sensiblement rectiligne s'étendant en vis-à-vis du logement de forme de révolution, la fente rayonnante s'étendant suivant un arc de cercle de longueur de l'ordre de deux fois une demi-longueur d'onde.In practice, the obstacle-conducting element comprises a substantially rectilinear wire extending opposite the revolution-shaped housing, the radiating slot extending along a circular arc of length of the order of two times half a wavelength.

Ainsi, lorsque l'élément formant obstacle est disposé perpendiculairement à la fente rayonnante, il coupe le rayonnement de celle-ci.Thus, when the obstacle element is disposed perpendicular to the radiating gap, it cuts off the radiation thereof.

Toutefois, il existe toujours d'un côté ou de l'autre de l'élément formant obstacle, une portion de fente rayonnante de longueur de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde, adaptée à émettre de l'énergie à une puissance maximale sans changer l'impédance vis-à-vis du magnétron.However, there is always on one side or the other of the obstacle element, a portion of radiating slot of the order of a half-wavelength length, adapted to emit energy to a maximum power without changing the impedance vis-à-vis the magnetron.

De manière avantageuse, le logement de forme de révolution est embouti dans une paroi latérale de l'enceinte de chauffage, un ou plusieurs fils parallèles d'un gradin s'étendant devant cette paroi latérale, en vis-à-vis du logement, et donc en vis-à-vis de l'antenne rotative, et la fente rayonnante s'étend sur un secteur angulaire supérieur à 120°.Advantageously, the revolution-shaped housing is stamped in a side wall of the heating chamber, one or more parallel wires of a step extending in front of this side wall, opposite the housing, and therefore vis-à-vis the rotating antenna, and the radiating slot extends over an angular sector greater than 120 °.

Cette disposition permet d'alimenter correctement une enceinte de chauffage malgré la présence de gradins devant l'antenne rotative, celle-ci étant placée le long d'une paroi latérale de l'enceinte de chauffage.This arrangement makes it possible to correctly feed a heating chamber despite the presence of steps in front of the rotating antenna, the latter being placed along a side wall of the heating chamber.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore dans la description ci-après.Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the description below.

Aux dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un four à micro-ondes, illustrant le montage d'une antenne rotative à l'intérieur d'une enceinte du four selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective du four à micro-ondes de la figure 1, illustrant le montage de l'antenne rotative sur l'extérieur de l'enceinte du four ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de face d'une paroi latérale de l'enceinte de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe schématique illustrant le positionnement d'une antenne rotative dans une enceinte de four à micro-ondes selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de face illustrant une structure d'antenne rotative selon un premier mode de réalisation ; et
  • la figure 6 est une vue de face illustrant une structure d'antenne rotative selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.
In the accompanying drawings, given as non-limiting examples:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of a microwave oven, illustrating the mounting of a rotating antenna within a furnace enclosure according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of the microwave oven from the figure 1 , illustrating the mounting of the rotating antenna on the outside of the oven enclosure;
  • the figure 3 is a front view of a side wall of the enclosure of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 4 is a schematic sectional view illustrating the positioning of a rotary antenna in a microwave oven enclosure according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 5 is a front view illustrating a rotating antenna structure according to a first embodiment; and
  • the figure 6 is a front view illustrating a rotating antenna structure according to a second embodiment of the invention.

On va décrire à présent un mode de réalisation de l'invention mise en oeuvre dans un four à micro-ondes.We will now describe an embodiment of the invention implemented in a microwave oven.

On a illustré sur la figure 1 une enceinte de chauffage d'un four à micro-ondes avec ses éléments fonctionnels, la carrosserie et la porte du four ayant été retirées pour faciliter la compréhension de l'invention.We illustrated on the figure 1 a heating chamber of a microwave oven with its functional elements, the body and the oven door having been removed to facilitate the understanding of the invention.

Comme bien illustré sur les figures 1 et 2, le four à micro-ondes comporte une enceinte de chauffage 10 définie par des parois latérales 11, 12, une paroi supérieure 13, également appelée voûte, et une paroi inférieure 14, également appelée sole du four.As well illustrated on figures 1 and 2 , the microwave oven comprises a heating chamber 10 defined by side walls 11, 12, an upper wall 13, also called vault, and a bottom wall 14, also called the hearth of the oven.

Une paroi de fond 15, disposée à l'opposé de l'ouverture fermée par la porte, permet de définir ainsi une cavité parallélépipédique pour le chauffage ou la cuisson d'aliments.A bottom wall 15, disposed opposite the opening closed by the door, thus defines a parallelepiped cavity for heating or cooking food.

Afin d'alimenter en énergie haute fréquence l'enceinte de chauffage 10, il est prévu de manière classique un magnétron 20, dont l'antenne 21 (voir figure 4) débouche dans un guide d'ondes 30 formé contre une paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.In order to supply the heating chamber 10 with high frequency energy, a magnetron 20, including the antenna 21 (see FIG. figure 4 ) opens into a waveguide 30 formed against a wall of the heating chamber 10.

Outre ce système d'alimentation en micro-ondes de la cavité, qui va être décrit en détail ci-dessous, le four à micro-ondes comporte ici des éléments chauffants, et notamment des éléments chauffants radiants du type résistances électriques.In addition to this microwave feed system of the cavity, which will be described in detail below, the microwave oven here comprises heating elements, including radiant heating elements of the electric heater type.

Dans le mode de réalisation tel qu'illustré à la figure 4, l'enceinte de chauffage 10 comporte ainsi des éléments radiants 16 au niveau de la voute 13 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 permettant notamment d'assurer une fonction de chauffage de l'enceinte 10 et de gril.In the embodiment as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 , the heating chamber 10 thus comprises radiant elements 16 at the level of the vault 13 of the heating chamber 10 in particular to ensure a heating function of the enclosure 10 and grill.

Bien que non illustré, l'enceinte de chauffage 10 peut également comporter au niveau de la sole 14 des éléments chauffants disposés sous celle-ci, permettant de chauffer l'enceinte de chauffage 10.Although not illustrated, the heating chamber 10 may also include at the hearth 14 heating elements arranged below it, for heating the heating chamber 10.

La présence de ces éléments chauffants dans le four de cuisson à micro-ondes permet ainsi d'ajouter une fonction de cuisson traditionnelle, et peut éventuellement permettre la mise en oeuvre d'une fonction de nettoyage par pyrolyse des parois de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The presence of these heating elements in the microwave oven thus makes it possible to add a traditional cooking function, and may possibly allow the implementation of a cleaning function by pyrolysis of the walls of the heating chamber. 10.

Comme bien illustré également sur les figures 1 et 2, des gradins 17 sont définis sur les parois latérales 11, 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 permettant le positionnement à différentes hauteurs d'un plat de cuisson (voir par exemple le plat de cuisson P illustré à la figure 4).As well illustrated also on figures 1 and 2 , Steps 17 are defined on the side walls 11, 12 of the heating chamber 10 allowing the positioning at different heights of a baking dish (see for example the cooking plate P illustrated in FIG. figure 4 ).

Ainsi, lors d'une cuisson traditionnelle par les éléments chauffants radiants, le plat P peut être réglé en hauteur dans la cavité.Thus, during traditional cooking by the radiant heating elements, the flat P can be adjusted in height in the cavity.

Préférentiellement, pour une cuisson par micro-ondes, le plat P est placé en position basse sur le gradin inférieur 17, à proximité de la sole 14 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.Preferably, for microwave cooking, the dish P is placed in the lower position on the lower step 17, near the hearth 14 of the heating chamber 10.

Pour une cuisson combinée (micro-ondes et éléments chauffants radiants), le niveau du plat P peut être quelconque.For combined cooking (microwaves and radiant heating elements), the level of the dish P can be arbitrary.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, chaque niveau du gradin 17 est réalisé à partir de deux fils 18 disposés parallèlement l'un par rapport à l'autre et dans un plan parallèle aux parois latérales 11, 12.In this embodiment, each level of the step 17 is made from two son 18 arranged parallel to one another and in a plane parallel to the side walls 11, 12.

Le gradin 17 comprend plusieurs niveaux, et par exemple trois niveaux tel qu'illustré aux figures 1 à 4.Step 17 comprises several levels, and for example three levels as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 .

Ces gradins 17 constitués de fils 18 de gradin sont fixés sur les parois latérales 11, 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 par des éléments de fixation tels que des crochets en céramique 19a. Ils sont maintenus écartés des parois latérales 11, 12 par des rondelles en téflon 19b.These steps 17 consist of step son 18 are fixed on the side walls 11, 12 of the heating chamber 10 by fastening elements such as ceramic hooks 19a. They are kept spaced from the side walls 11, 12 by teflon washers 19b.

Bien entendu, ces éléments de fixation 19a, 19b des gradins 17 constitués de fils 18 sont donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples non limitatifs.Of course, these fastening elements 19a, 19b steps 17 consist of son 18 are given only by way of non-limiting examples.

Toutefois, une caractéristique avantageuse de ces éléments de fixation consiste à positionner ces éléments 19a, 19b dans des emboutis 11 a, 12a des parois latérales 11, 12 de manière à libérer au maximum l'enceinte de chauffage 10.However, an advantageous characteristic of these fastening elements is to position these elements 19a, 19b in stampings 11a, 12a of the side walls 11, 12 so as to release the heating chamber 10 as much as possible.

Ces fils 18 de gradin sont réalisés en fils métalliques, et par exemple en acier chromé.These steps son 18 are made of metal son, and for example chromed steel.

On va décrire à présent plus en détail le système d'alimentation à micro-ondes de l'enceinte de chauffage 10, notamment en référence à la figure 4.We will now describe in more detail the microwave power supply system of the heating chamber 10, in particular with reference to the figure 4 .

Comme indiqué précédemment, un magnétron 20 permet de fournir une énergie en haute fréquence au niveau d'une antenne 21 débouchant à une extrémité du guide d'ondes 30.As indicated above, a magnetron 20 makes it possible to supply high frequency energy at an antenna 21 opening at one end of the waveguide 30.

Classiquement, ce magnétron 20 est adapté à émettre des micro-ondes à une fréquence de 2,45 GHz correspondant à une longueur d'onde de l'ordre de 12,24 cm dans l'espace libre.Conventionally, this magnetron 20 is adapted to emit microwaves at a frequency of 2.45 GHz corresponding to a wavelength of the order of 12.24 cm in the free space.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le guide d'ondes 30 s'étend le long d'une paroi latérale, et ici le long de la paroi latérale droite 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 entre la surface extérieure de cette paroi latérale 12 et la carrosserie du four (non représentée).In this embodiment, the waveguide 30 extends along a side wall, and here along the right side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10 between the outer surface of this side wall 12 and the oven body (not shown).

Le guide d'ondes 30 présente ainsi une section rectangulaire variable dans sa longueur permettant de coupler le magnétron 20 à l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The waveguide 30 thus has a rectangular section variable in its length for coupling the magnetron 20 to the heating chamber 10.

Une antenne rotative 40 est adaptée à coupler le guide d'ondes 30 avec l'enceinte de chauffage 10.A rotary antenna 40 is adapted to couple the waveguide 30 with the heating chamber 10.

Cette antenne rotative 40 comporte une tige 41 s'étendant en partie dans le guide d'ondes 30 et débouchant au travers de la paroi latérale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.This rotary antenna 40 comprises a rod 41 extending partly in the waveguide 30 and opening through the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10.

Le guide d'ondes 30 et l'enceinte de chauffage 10 sont solidaires, et fixés, notamment par soudage, autour du trou de passage de la tige 41 du guide d'ondes 30 vers l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The waveguide 30 and the heating chamber 10 are integral, and fixed, in particular by welding, around the through hole of the rod 41 of the waveguide 30 towards the heating chamber 10.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'antenne 40 est montée avec sa tige 41 au niveau d'une partie inférieure 32 du guide d'ondes 30.In this embodiment, the antenna 40 is mounted with its rod 41 at a lower portion 32 of the waveguide 30.

Afin d'adapter l'impédance du magnétron 20 à l'impédance de l'enceinte de chauffage 10, un plot (également appelé stud en terminologie anglo-saxonne) statique 31 est placé dans le guide d'ondes 30 entre l'antenne 21 du magnétron 20 et l'antenne rotative 40.In order to adapt the impedance of the magnetron 20 to the impedance of the heating enclosure 10, a static pin 31 (also called stud in English terminology) is placed in the waveguide 30 between the antenna 21 magnetron 20 and rotary antenna 40.

De manière classique, le diamètre, la hauteur et la position du stud 31 sont déterminés en fonction de la constitution de la chaîne d'ondes pour favoriser l'adaptation d'impédance.Conventionally, the diameter, the height and the position of the stud 31 are determined according to the constitution of the waveband to promote impedance matching.

L'antenne 40 est montée en rotation grâce à un système d'entrainement par un moteur 50.The antenna 40 is mounted in rotation by means of a drive system by a motor 50.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif, le moteur 50 est adapté à entrainer l'antenne 40 en rotation à une vitesse de 5 tr/mn.By way of non-limiting example, the motor 50 is adapted to drive the antenna 40 in rotation at a speed of 5 rpm.

Plus précisément, dans ce mode de réalisation, l'antenne rotative 40 est entrainée par le moteur 50 par un couplage indirect au moyen d'un dispositif de courroie 55 et de poulies 51, 52.More specifically, in this embodiment, the rotary antenna 40 is driven by the motor 50 by indirect coupling by means of a belt device 55 and pulleys 51, 52.

Une poulie 51 solidaire de l'axe de sortie du moteur 50 permet de transmettre au moyen d'une courroie 55 son mouvement de rotation à une poulie de renvoi 52 montée sur un axe 53 solidaire de la tige 41 de l'antenne rotative 40.A pulley 51 secured to the output shaft of the motor 50 makes it possible to transmit by means of a belt 55 its rotational movement to a return pulley 52 mounted on an axis 53 integral with the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40.

L'axe 53 est en matière transparente aux micro-ondes, tel que par exemple en téflon ou céramique.The shaft 53 is made of a material that is transparent to microwaves, such as, for example, Teflon or ceramic.

Afin de favoriser la rotation de la tige 41 lorsqu'elle traverse la paroi 33 du guide d'ondes 30 et la paroi latérale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10, une rondelle 54 est prévue.In order to promote the rotation of the rod 41 as it passes through the wall 33 of the waveguide 30 and the lateral wall 12 of the heating enclosure 10, a washer 54 is provided.

La rondelle 54 est un palier en matière transparente aux micro-ondes, tel que par exemple en téflon ou en céramique, et permet de centrer la tige 41 de l'antenne rotative 40 dans le trou de passage (non référencé) entre le guide d'ondes 30 et l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The washer 54 is a bearing made of a material that is transparent to microwaves, such as, for example, teflon or ceramic, and makes it possible to center the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40 in the passage hole (not referenced) between the guide 30 and the heating chamber 10.

Bien entendu, l'entrainement de l'antenne 40 en rotation pourrait être mis en oeuvre par un montage direct sur l'axe du moteur 50.Of course, the drive of the antenna 40 in rotation could be implemented by a direct mounting on the axis of the motor 50.

Toutefois, le montage décrit précédemment permet de déporter le moteur 50 sous la paroi inférieure 14 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 et de limiter ainsi l'encombrement du système d'entrainement de l'antenne rotative 40 entre la paroi latérale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 et la carrosserie (non représentée).However, the assembly described above makes it possible to move the motor 50 under the lower wall 14 of the heating chamber 10 and thus to limit the size of the drive system of the rotary antenna 40 between the side wall 12 of the heating enclosure 10 and the body (not shown).

Par ailleurs, les poulies 51, 52 reliées en mouvement par la courroie 55 sont montées sur un profilé 56 formant support.Furthermore, the pulleys 51, 52 connected in movement by the belt 55 are mounted on a section 56 forming a support.

Ce profilé 56 comporte des faces planes destinées à supporter les poulies 51, 52 en rotation ainsi qu'une aile repliée 57 s'étendant dans un plan perpendiculaire à la paroi latérale 12 de manière à former une entretoise pour maintenir l'écartement entre la paroi 12 et la carrosserie. On empêche ainsi toute possibilité de contact au travers de la carrosserie 12 avec le système d'entrainement de l'antenne rotative 40, et tout risque de déplacement de l'antenne 40.This profile 56 has plane faces intended to support the pulleys 51, 52 in rotation and a folded wing 57 extending in a plane perpendicular to the side wall 12 so as to form a spacer to maintain the spacing between the wall 12 and the bodywork. This prevents any possibility of contact through the body 12 with the drive system of the rotary antenna 40, and any risk of displacement of the antenna 40.

L'antenne rotative 40 comporte en outre une plaque 70 montée à une extrémité 43 de la tige 41, par exemple au moyen d'une vis de fixation 44. La tige 41 et la plaque 70 sont réalisées en un matériau électriquement conducteur, et par exemple en métal à faible perte métallique (aluminium, cuivre).The rotary antenna 40 further comprises a plate 70 mounted at one end 43 of the rod 41, for example by means of a fixing screw 44. The rod 41 and the plate 70 are made of an electrically conductive material, and by example metal low loss metal (aluminum, copper).

Comme bien illustré à la figure 4, l'extrémité 43 de la tige 41 et la plaque 70 débouche de la paroi latérale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 dans un logement 60.As well illustrated at the figure 4 , the end 43 of the rod 41 and the plate 70 opens out of the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10 in a housing 60.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le logement 60 est un logement de forme de révolution, obtenu directement par un ou plusieurs emboutis de forme cylindrique réalisés dans la paroi latérale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.In this embodiment, the housing 60 is a housing of revolution shape, obtained directly by one or more cylindrical shaped stampings made in the side wall 12 of the heating chamber 10.

Ce logement cylindrique 60 présente un axe de révolution X le long duquel la tige 41 de l'antenne rotative 40 s'étend.This cylindrical housing 60 has an axis of revolution X along which the shaft 41 of the rotary antenna 40 extends.

Ainsi, l'antenne rotative 40 est positionnée au niveau de sa tige 41 au centre du logement cylindrique 60.Thus, the rotary antenna 40 is positioned at its stem 41 in the center of the cylindrical housing 60.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la paroi latérale 12 comporte plus précisément trois emboutis de forme cylindrique 61, 62, 63 concentriques et de même axe de révolution X.In this embodiment, the side wall 12 more precisely comprises three concentric cylindrical moldings 61, 62, 63 concentric with the same axis of revolution X.

Bien entendu, le nombre d'emboutis n'est nullement limitatif.Of course, the number of embossed is in no way limiting.

Les emboutis cylindriques 61, 62, 63 sont de diamètres croissants en direction du centre de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The cylindrical stampings 61, 62, 63 are of increasing diameters towards the center of the heating chamber 10.

Un premier embouti 61 définit ainsi au moins partiellement le logement 60 formé par la paroi latérale 12 emboutie et la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40.A first stamp 61 thus at least partially defines the housing 60 formed by the stamped side wall 12 and the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.

Un deuxième embouti 62 est formé en aval de la plaque 70 et un troisième embouti 63 de dimensions supérieures permet de fixer une plaque d'obturation 64 en un matériau transparent au micro-ondes, du type mica.A second press 62 is formed downstream of the plate 70 and a third embossed 63 of larger dimensions makes it possible to fix a shutter plate 64 in a microwave-transparent material of the mica type.

Le deuxième embouti 62 permet ainsi de loger l'antenne rotative 40 et d'empêcher celle-ci de venir toucher la plaque d'obturation 64.The second press 62 thus makes it possible to house the rotary antenna 40 and prevent it from coming into contact with the closure plate 64.

Cette plaque de mica 64 (qui a été ôtée sur les figures 1 et 3 afin de faciliter la compréhension du montage de l'antenne rotative 40) permet ainsi d'obturer le logement 60 en s'étendant à distance et parallèlement à la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40.This mica plate 64 (which was removed on the figures 1 and 3 in order to facilitate understanding of the mounting of the rotary antenna 40) thus makes it possible to close the housing 60 while extending at a distance and parallel to the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.

Cette plaque d'obturation 64 permet également de reconstituer à l'intérieur de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 une paroi latérale 12 sensiblement plane, empêchant l'utilisateur de tout contact avec l'antenne rotative 40 placée dans le logement 60.This shutter plate 64 also makes it possible to reconstitute inside the heating enclosure 10 a substantially flat lateral wall 12, preventing the user from any contact with the rotary antenna 40 placed in the housing 60.

Elle protège également l'antenne rotative 40 des salissures et projections en provenance de l'enceinte de chauffage 10 lors de la cuisson des aliments.It also protects the rotary antenna 40 from dirt and splashes coming from the heating chamber 10 during the cooking of food.

Grâce à ce montage de l'antenne rotative 40, le logement 60 forme une cavité de propagation des micro-ondes prolongeant le guide d'ondes 30, l'énergie micro-ondes étant transmise par la tige 41 de l'antenne rotative 40 du guide d'ondes 30 au logement 60.Thanks to this mounting of the rotary antenna 40, the housing 60 forms a microwave propagation cavity extending the waveguide 30, the microwave energy being transmitted by the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40 of the waveguide 30 to the housing 60.

Comme bien illustré sur la figure 3, la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40 présente une portion 73 de bord périphérique en arc de cercle adaptée, comme illustré sur la figure 4, à être disposée à proximité de la paroi de révolution 61 du logement 60.As well illustrated on the figure 3 , the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40 has a portion 73 of peripheral edge in a suitable arc of a circle, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 , to be disposed near the revolution wall 61 of the housing 60.

Lorsque l'antenne rotative 40 est entrainée en rotation dans le logement 60, la portion de bord périphérique 73 est entrainée en rotation à proximité de la paroi de révolution 61.When the rotary antenna 40 is rotated in the housing 60, the peripheral edge portion 73 is rotated near the revolution wall 61.

Le logement 60 est sensiblement obturé par l'antenne 40, formant ainsi une cavité emprisonnant les micro-ondes émises au niveau de la portion de tige 43 de l'antenne rotative 40.The housing 60 is substantially closed by the antenna 40, thus forming a cavity trapping the microwaves emitted at the rod portion 43 of the rotary antenna 40.

Du fait de l'énergie micro-ondes existant dans ce logement 60, des courants électriques circulent dans la plaque 70 à partir du point de fixation 72 de la plaque 70 vers le bord périphérique 73 de l'antenne rotative 40, c'est-à-dire du centre de rotation de la plaque 70 vers le bord périphérique 73.Because of the microwave energy existing in this housing 60, electric currents flow in the plate 70 from the point of attachment 72 of the plate 70 to the peripheral edge 73 of the rotary antenna 40, that is, that is, the center of rotation of the plate 70 towards the peripheral edge 73.

Des courants électriques circulent radialement dans la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40, du point de fixation 72 vers le bord périphérique 73. Ces courants électriques présentent des points de convergence ou de divergence au niveau du point de fixation 72 et du bord périphérique 73. Ces points de divergence et de convergence sont liés à la sinusoïde du courant électrique circulant radialement dans la plaque 70. Lorsque le point de fixation 72 présente un point de convergence, le bord périphérique 73 présente des points de divergence, et inversement.Electrical currents circulate radially in the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40, from the point of attachment 72 to the peripheral edge 73. These electric currents have points of convergence or divergence at the point of attachment 72 and the peripheral edge 73. These points of divergence and convergence are related to the sinusoid of the electric current flowing radially in the plate 70. When the point of attachment 72 has a point of convergence, the peripheral edge 73 has points of divergence, and vice versa.

Comme illustré à la figure 5, la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40 comporte une fente rayonnante 71 disposée à une distance d du point de fixation 72 de la plaque 70 à la tige 41 de l'antenne rotative 40, c'est-à-dire du centre de rotation de la plaque 70. Les courants électriques circulant radialement dans la plaque 70 sont coupés par la fente rayonnante 71. Cette distance est sensiblement égale à un quart de la longueur d'onde de l'énergie micro-ondes fournie par le magnétron 20.As illustrated in figure 5 , the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40 has a radiating slot 71 disposed at a distance d from the point of attachment 72 of the plate 70 to the rod 41 of the rotary antenna 40, that is to say from the center of rotation of the plate 70. The electric currents circulating radially in the plate 70 are cut by the radiating slot 71. This distance is substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the microwave energy supplied by the magnetron 20.

En disposant une fente rayonnante 71 à une distance du centre de rotation 72 sensiblement égale à un quart de la longueur d'onde, la fente rayonnante 71 coupe perpendiculairement les lignes de courant électrique de sorte qu'un champ électromagnétique rayonnant est créé au niveau de cette fente rayonnante 71 en direction de l'enceinte de chauffage 10.By disposing a radiating slot 71 at a distance from the center of rotation 72 substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength, the radiating slot 71 intersects the electric current lines perpendicularly so that a radiating electromagnetic field is created at the this radiating slot 71 towards the heating chamber 10.

Au niveau du centre de rotation 72 de l'antenne rotative 40, il s'agit d'un point convergent ou divergent des courants électriques et inversement au niveau du bord périphérique 73 de l'antenne rotative 40, il s'agit d'un point divergent ou convergent. Entre les deux points, les lignes de courants électriques radiales sont coupées par la fente rayonnante 71.At the center of rotation 72 of the rotary antenna 40, it is a convergent point or diverging electrical currents and conversely at the peripheral edge 73 of the rotary antenna 40, it is a point diverge or converge. Between the two points, the lines of radial electric currents are cut by the radiating slot 71.

Comme bien illustré aux figures 3 et 5, la fente rayonnante 71 est définie suivant une seconde portion 74 du bord périphérique en arc de cercle dans la plaque 70.As well illustrated at figures 3 and 5 , the radiating slot 71 is defined in a second portion 74 of the peripheral edge in an arc of a circle in the plate 70.

Afin de permettre un couplage optimal entre l'antenne rotative 40 et l'enceinte de chauffage 10, et une émission à puissance maximale des micro-ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage 10, il est important que la fente rayonnante 71 ait une longueur de l'ordre de la moitié de la longueur d'onde.In order to allow an optimal coupling between the rotary antenna 40 and the heating enclosure 10, and a maximum power emission of the microwaves in the heating enclosure 10, it is important that the radiating slot 71 has a length of the order of half the wavelength.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la fente rayonnante 71 a une forme sensiblement annulaire et est définie par le bord périphérique 74 en forme d'arc de cercle centré sur le centre de rotation 72 de la plaque 70.In this embodiment, the radiating slot 71 has a substantially annular shape and is defined by the peripheral edge 74 in the form of a circular arc centered on the center of rotation 72 of the plate 70.

Ainsi, comme bien illustré à la figure 5, la plaque 70 comporte un premier bord périphérique 73 dont le rayon correspond sensiblement au rayon d'ouverture du logement 60 et un second bord périphérique 74, de rayon inférieur, adapté à définir une fente rayonnante 71 dans la plaque 70, c'est-à-dire une fente coupant les lignes de courants électriques selon une direction perpendiculaire à ces courants électriques.So, as well illustrated at the figure 5 , the plate 70 has a first peripheral edge 73 whose radius substantially corresponds to the opening radius of the housing 60 and a second peripheral edge 74, of smaller radius, adapted to define a radiating slot 71 in the plate 70, that is, that is to say a slot cutting the lines of electric currents in a direction perpendicular to these electric currents.

La plaque 70 comporte en outre deux bords droits 75 s'étendant perpendiculairement l'un à l'autre et reliant respectivement les extrémités 73a, 73b de la première portion de bord périphérique 73 aux extrémités 74a, 74b de la seconde portion de bord périphérique 74 de la plaque 70.The plate 70 further comprises two straight edges 75 extending perpendicularly to each other and respectively connecting the ends 73a, 73b of the first peripheral edge portion 73 to the ends 74a, 74b of the second peripheral edge portion 74 of the plate 70.

La Demanderesse a en effet constaté que la portion d'arc de cercle 74 délimitée par les bords droits 75 était suffisante pour définir dans la plaque 70 une fente rayonnante 71 à partir de laquelle est rayonnée l'énergie micro-ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage 10.The Applicant has indeed found that the arc portion 74 delimited by the straight edges 75 was sufficient to define in the plate 70 a radiating slot 71 from which is radiated microwave energy in the heating chamber 10.

Toutefois, comme illustré à la figure 6, la plaque 70' pourrait comporter une fente rayonnante 71' obtenue par une découpe à l'intérieur d'une plaque circulaire dont le bord périphérique 73' définit un cercle de diamètre correspondant sensiblement au diamètre du logement 60. La fente rayonnante 71' est définie par une portion d'arc de cercle intérieur 74' située à distance du point de rotation 72' et adaptée à couper perpendiculairement les lignes de courants électriques circulant radialement à partir du point de fixation 72' de l'antenne rotative.However, as illustrated in figure 6 , the plate 70 'could comprise a radiating slot 71' obtained by a cut inside a circular plate whose peripheral edge 73 'defines a circle of diameter substantially corresponding to the diameter of the housing 60. The radiating slot 71' is defined by an inner arc portion 74 'spaced from the point of rotation 72' and adapted to intersect perpendicularly the lines of electrical currents flowing radially from the point of attachment 72 'of the rotating antenna.

Par ailleurs, la fente rayonnante 71' est définie par une autre portion d'arc de cercle 76', concentrique avec la portion d'arc de cercle 74' et le bord périphérique 73' de manière à créer une découpe annulaire.On the other hand, the radiating gap 71 'is defined by another circular arc portion 76', concentric with the circular arc portion 74 'and the peripheral edge 73' so as to create an annular cutout.

Les extrémités de la découpe annulaire sont fermées par des bords droits 75' disposés perpendiculairement l'un par rapport l'autre comme décrit précédemment dans le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 5.The ends of the annular cutout are closed by straight edges 75 'arranged perpendicular to each other as previously described in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. figure 5 .

Une telle fente rayonnante 71' est ainsi définie par une découpe réalisée à l'intérieur de la plaque 70' et délimitée sur sa périphérie par des bords courbes 74', 76' et des bords droits 75'.Such a radiating slot 71 'is thus defined by a cut made inside the plate 70' and delimited on its periphery by curved edges 74 ', 76' and straight edges 75 '.

On notera toutefois que le premier mode de réalisation, définissant une fente rayonnante 71 uniquement par une portion d'arc de cercle 74 délimitée par des bords droits 75 présente l'avantage d'être moins couteux en matière. Il est en outre plus simple à réaliser, par découpe de la plaque 70 au niveau de son premier bord périphérique 73, formant ainsi une échancrure dans la plaque 70. En outre, l'antenne rotative 40 se trouve allégée.Note however that the first embodiment, defining a radiating slot 71 only by a circular arc portion 74 delimited by straight edges 75 has the advantage of being less expensive material. It is also simpler to perform, by cutting the plate 70 at its first peripheral edge 73, thus forming a notch in the plate 70. In addition, the rotating antenna 40 is lightened.

Ainsi, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, pour une longueur d'onde d'environ 12 cm correspondant à un rayonnement de 2,45 GHz fourni par le magnétron 20, la distance d séparant le second bord périphérique 74, 74' du centre de rotation 72, 72' est comprise entre 15 et 35 mm, et de préférence entre 20 et 30 mm.Thus, by way of nonlimiting example, for a wavelength of approximately 12 cm corresponding to a radiation of 2.45 GHz supplied by the magnetron 20, the distance d separating the second peripheral edge 74, 74 'from the center rotation 72, 72 'is between 15 and 35 mm, and preferably between 20 and 30 mm.

Cette distance d correspond sensiblement à un quart de longueur d'onde (environ 30 mm).This distance d corresponds substantially to a quarter of a wavelength (approximately 30 mm).

La largeur L de la fente 71, 71' est sensiblement supérieure ou égale à 10 mm.The width L of the slot 71, 71 'is substantially greater than or equal to 10 mm.

Ainsi, dans le mode réalisation illustré à la figure 6, la portion d'arc de cercle 76' définissant l'extérieur de la fente 71' est située à une distance du point de rotation 72' comprise entre 25 et 55 mm, et de préférence entre 30 et 45 mm.So, in the embodiment shown in the figure 6 the arcuate portion 76 'defining the outside of the slot 71' is located at a distance from the point of rotation 72 'of between 25 and 55 mm, and preferably between 30 and 45 mm.

Par ailleurs, le premier bord périphérique 73, 73' présente une distance au centre de rotation 72, 72' de l'ordre de 40 à 50 mm, et de préférence égale à 45 mm.Furthermore, the first peripheral edge 73, 73 'has a distance to the center of rotation 72, 72' of the order of 40 to 50 mm, and preferably equal to 45 mm.

Pour une longueur d'onde d'environ 12 cm, cette distance correspond environ à deux fois un quart de longueur d'onde (environ 60 mm).For a wavelength of about 12 cm, this distance corresponds to about twice a quarter wavelength (about 60 mm).

Comme les courants électriques circulent radialement dans la plaque 70 du point de fixation 72 vers le bord périphérique 73 et présentent respectivement des points de convergence ou de divergence et opposés aux deux extrémités en fonction de l'alternance de la sinusoïde de ces courants électriques, il n'existe pas ou très peu de rayonnement au niveau de la portion d'arc de cercle périphérique 73.As the electric currents flow radially in the plate 70 from the point of attachment 72 to the peripheral edge 73 and respectively have points of convergence or divergence and opposite to the two ends depending on the alternation of the sinusoid of these electric currents, it there is no or very little radiation at the peripheral arc portion 73.

Cette portion d'arc de cercle périphérique 73 venant à proximité de la paroi 61 du logement 60, une cavité étanche aux micro-ondes est ainsi formée, hormis la sortie prévue par la fente rayonnante 71 calibrée.This peripheral arc portion 73 coming close to the wall 61 of the housing 60, a microwave-tight cavity is thus formed, except the output provided by the calibrated radiating slot 71.

Comme bien illustré sur les figures 5 et 6, afin de créer une fente rayonnante 71, 71' de longueur suffisante pour permettre un couplage avec l'enceinte de chauffage 10 adapté à l'impédance de l'antenne 21 du magnétron 20, la longueur I de la fente 71, 71', correspondant sensiblement à la longueur formée par l'arc de cercle médian s'étendant dans la fente 71, 71', doit être de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde de l'énergie à haute fréquence fournie.As well illustrated on Figures 5 and 6 in order to create a radiating slot 71, 71 'of sufficient length to allow coupling with the heating chamber 10 adapted to the impedance of the antenna 21 of the magnetron 20, the length I of the slot 71, 71', substantially corresponding to the length formed by the median arc extending in the slot 71, 71 ', should be of the order of half a wavelength of the supplied high frequency energy.

En pratique, pour les dimensions indiquées ci-dessus, c'est-à-dire une distance d de l'ordre de 20 mm et une largeur L de fente de l'ordre de 10 mm, la fente rayonnante 71, 71' s'étend sur un secteur angulaire α compris entre 120° et 200°.In practice, for the dimensions indicated above, that is to say a distance d of the order of 20 mm and a slot width L of the order of 10 mm, the radiating slot 71, 71 's extends over an angular sector α of between 120 ° and 200 °.

L'angle α est mesuré le long du bord périphérique 74, 74' et en prenant le centre au niveau du point de fixation 72, 72'.The angle α is measured along the peripheral edge 74, 74 'and taking the center at the point of attachment 72, 72'.

L'angle α est compris entre les deux bords 75, 75' du côté évidé de la plaque 70, à l'intersection avec l'arc de cercle médian s'étendant dans la fente 71, 71'.The angle α is between the two edges 75, 75 'of the recessed side of the plate 70, at the intersection with the median arc extending in the slot 71, 71'.

Ainsi pour une fente rayonnante 71, 71' de longueur minimale, de l'ordre 50 mm, la fente rayonnante 71, 71' s'étend sur un secteur angulaire α d'environ 120°.Thus, for a radiating slot 71, 71 'of minimum length, of the order of 50 mm, the radiating slot 71, 71' extends over an angular sector α of approximately 120 °.

Par ailleurs, en revenant à la figure 3, compte tenu de la présence d'un élément conducteur formant obstacle devant la fente rayonnante 71, constitué ici par les fils sensiblement rectilignes 18 des gradins 17, il est nécessaire que la fente rayonnante 71 s'étende suivant un arc de cercle de longueur I telle que, quelle que soit la position angulaire de la plaque 70, de l'antenne rotative 40, une portion de la fente rayonnante 71, de longueur de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde de l'énergie haute fréquence fournie s'étend au-delà de l'élément conducteur créant un obstacle en vis-à-vis de l'antenne rotative 40.By the way, returning to figure 3 , in view of the presence of a conductive element forming an obstacle in front of the radiating slot 71, constituted here by the substantially rectilinear wires 18 of the steps 17, it is necessary for the radiating slot 71 to extend along a circular arc of length I such that, irrespective of the angular position of the plate 70, of the rotary antenna 40, a portion of the radiating slot 71 of length of the order of one half-wavelength of the high frequency energy provided extends beyond the conductive element creating an obstacle vis-à-vis the rotary antenna 40.

En effet, la présence des fils conducteurs 18 lorsqu'ils s'étendent perpendiculairement à la fente 71, réfléchissent le champ électrique rayonné par la fente 71, perturbent ainsi la puissance d'énergie micro-ondes délivrée dans l'enceinte de chauffage 10, et désadaptent l'impédance vue par le magnétron 20.Indeed, the presence of the conductive wires 18 when they extend perpendicularly to the slot 71, reflect the electric field radiated by the slot 71, thus disturb the power of microwave energy delivered in the heating chamber 10, and mismatch the impedance seen by the magnetron 20.

En conservant une portion de fente rayonnante 71 de longueur I toujours de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde, quelle que soit la position relative de la fente 71 par rapport aux gradins 17 constitués de fils 18, il est possible d'adapter la chaine micro-ondes quelle que soit la position angulaire de la plaque 70 de manière à délivrer la puissance maximale et éviter un retour d'énergie au magnétron 20.By keeping a portion of radiating slot 71 of length I always of the order of a half-wavelength, regardless of the relative position of slot 71 with respect to steps 17 consisting of wires 18, it is possible to adapting the microwave chain regardless of the angular position of the plate 70 so as to deliver the maximum power and avoid a return of energy to the magnetron 20.

Ainsi, l'impédance perçue par le magnétron 20 reste sensiblement stable à tout instant d'un cycle de rotation de la plaque 70 de l'antenne rotative 40.Thus, the impedance perceived by the magnetron 20 remains substantially stable at all times during a cycle of rotation of the plate 70 of the rotary antenna 40.

En pratique, compte tenu de la présence d'un élément conducteur filaire pouvant s'étendre en vis-à-vis du logement 60, en coupant perpendiculairement la fente rayonnante 71, cette fente rayonnante 71 doit s'étendre sur un arc de cercle de longueur I de l'ordre de deux fois une demi-longueur d'onde, et dans l'exemple de réalisation décrit précédemment, sur une longueur d'au moins 100 mm.In practice, taking into account the presence of a wired conductive element that can extend opposite the housing 60, by perpendicularly cutting the radiating slot 71, this radiating slot 71 must extend over a circular arc of length I of the order of twice a half-wavelength, and in the embodiment described above, over a length of at least 100 mm.

La fente rayonnante 71 s'étend ainsi sur un secteur angulaire d'environ 200° et. est suffisante pour permettre de répondre au problème de couplage de magnétron 20 fournissant l'énergie micro-ondes à l'enceinte de chauffage 10, et ceci quelle que soit la position angulaire de la fente rayonnante 71.The radiating slot 71 thus extends over an angular sector of approximately 200 ° and. is sufficient to respond to the magnetron coupling problem providing the microwave energy to the heating chamber 10, regardless of the angular position of the radiating slot 71.

Ainsi, grâce à ce montage particulier de l'antenne rotative 40 dans un logement 60 d'une paroi de l'enceinte de chauffage 10, il est possible à la fois d'obtenir une bonne répartition de l'énergie micro-ondes dans l'enceinte de chauffage 10 pour avoir une bonne homogénéité de cuisson dans l'aliment, sans nécessité de recourir à un plateau tournant, tout en conservant une stabilité dans l'impédance perçue par le magnétron 20, permettant ainsi de délivrer en permanence une puissance maximale à l'enceinte de chauffage 10.Thus, thanks to this particular mounting of the rotary antenna 40 in a housing 60 of a wall of the heating chamber 10, it is possible both to obtain a good distribution of the microwave energy in the room. heating chamber 10 to have a good homogeneity of cooking in the food, without the need to resort to a turntable, while maintaining a stability in the impedance perceived by the magnetron 20, thus making it possible to continuously deliver maximum power to the heating chamber 10.

Cette solution permet ainsi de disposer l'antenne rotative 40 dans une paroi latérale 12 de l'enceinte de chauffage 10, malgré la présence d'éléments conducteurs formant obstacles au rayonnement, ici constitués par les gradins 17 constitués de fils 18. La voute 13 et la sole 14 sont alors laissées libres pour le positionnement d'éléments chauffants radiants.This solution thus makes it possible to arrange the rotary antenna 40 in a lateral wall 12 of the heating enclosure 10, despite the presence of conductive elements forming obstacles to radiation, here constituted by the steps 17 consisting of wires 18. The vault 13 and the sole 14 are then left free for the positioning of radiant heating elements.

Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation décrits précédemment.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above.

Ainsi, l'invention n'est pas limitée à un four de cuisson mixte (par convection et par micro-ondes) mais peut être mise en oeuvre dans un four à micro-ondes simple, avec ou sans gril supérieur.Thus, the invention is not limited to a mixed cooking oven (by convection and by microwave) but can be implemented in a single microwave oven, with or without an upper grill.

En outre, les éléments conducteurs placés en vis-à-vis de l'antenne rotative ne sont pas limités à des gradins fils mais peuvent être constitués par tout type d'obstacle en matériau non transparent aux micro-ondes.In addition, the conductive elements placed vis-à-vis the rotating antenna are not limited to son steps but may be constituted by any type of obstacle material not transparent to microwaves.

Claims (11)

Four à micro-ondes comprenant une enceinte de chauffage (10), un guide d'ondes (30) adapté à fournir de l'énergie à haute fréquence dans l'enceinte de chauffage (10) à partir d'un magnétron (20), et une antenne rotative (40), comprenant une tige (41) débouchant du guide d'ondes (30) dans une paroi (12) de l'enceinte de chauffage (10) et une plaque (70, 70') fixée en un point de fixation (72, 72') à une extrémité (43) de la tige (41), caractérisé en ce que la paroi (12) de l'enceinte de chauffage (10) comporte un logement (60), la tige (41) de l'antenne (40) débouchant dans ledit logement (60) et en ce que ladite plaque (70, 70') de l'antenne (40) s'étend dans ledit logement (60), ladite plaque (70, 70') comportant une fente rayonnante (71, 71') disposée à distance dudit point de fixation (72, 72') de la plaque (70, 70').Microwave oven comprising a heating chamber (10), a waveguide (30) adapted to supply high frequency energy in the heating chamber (10) from a magnetron (20) , and a rotary antenna (40), comprising a rod (41) opening out from the waveguide (30) in a wall (12) of the heating chamber (10) and a plate (70, 70 ') fixed in an attachment point (72, 72 ') at one end (43) of the shaft (41), characterized in that the wall (12) of the heating chamber (10) has a housing (60), the shaft (41) of the antenna (40) opening into said housing (60) and in that said plate (70, 70 ') of the antenna (40) extends into said housing (60), said plate (70) , 70 ') having a radiating slot (71, 71') disposed remote from said attachment point (72, 72 ') of the plate (70, 70'). Four à micro-ondes conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le logement (60) est de forme de révolution autour d'un axe (X), la tige de l'antenne s'étendant selon ledit axe (X), et ladite plaque (70, 70') comporte au moins une portion de bord périphérique (73, 73') en arc de cercle à proximité d'une paroi de révolution (61) dudit logement (60).Microwave oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (60) is of revolution shape about an axis (X), the antenna rod extending along said axis (X), and said plate (70, 70 ') has at least one circumferential edge portion (73, 73') in an arc in the vicinity of a revolution wall (61) of said housing (60). Four à micro-ondes conforme à l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite fente rayonnante (71, 71') s'étend suivant un arc de cercle de longueur de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde de l'énergie à haute fréquence fournie.Microwave oven according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said radiating slot (71, 71 ') extends along a circular arc of length of the order of a half-length d high frequency energy wave provided. Four à micro-ondes conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite fente rayonnante (71, 71') s'étend sur un secteur angulaire compris entre 120° et 200°.Microwave oven according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said radiating slot (71, 71 ') extends over an angular sector between 120 ° and 200 °. Four à micro-ondes conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la distance (d) séparant la fente rayonnante (71, 71') dudit point de fixation (72, 72') est sensiblement égale à un quart de longueur d'onde de l'énergie à haute fréquence fournie.Microwave oven according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance (d) separating the radiating gap (71, 71 ') from said point of attachment (72, 72') is substantially equal to one quarter-wavelength of the high-frequency energy provided. Four à micro-ondes conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite fente rayonnante (71, 71') est définie par une seconde portion de bord périphérique (74, 74') en arc de cercle de la plaque (70, 70').Microwave oven according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said radiating gap (71, 71 ') is defined by a second peripheral edge portion (74, 74 ') in an arc of the plate (70, 70'). Four à micro-ondes conforme à la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la distance (d) séparant ladite seconde portion de bord périphérique (74, 74') de la plaque (70, 70') dudit point de fixation (72, 72') de la plaque (70, 70') est comprise entre 15 et 35 mm, et de préférence entre 20 et 30 mm.Microwave oven according to claim 6, characterized in that the distance (d) between said second peripheral edge portion (74, 74 ') of the plate (70, 70') of said attachment point (72, 72 ') of the plate (70, 70') is between 15 and 35 mm, and preferably between 20 and 30 mm. Four à micro-ondes conforme à l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite plaque (70) comporte en outre deux bords droits (75) s'étendant perpendiculairement l'un à l'autre et reliant respectivement les extrémités (73a, 73b, 74a, 74b) de ladite première portion de bord périphérique (73) et de ladite seconde portion de bord périphérique (74) de la plaque (70).Microwave oven according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that said plate (70) further comprises two straight edges (75) extending perpendicularly to each other and respectively connecting the ends (73a, 73b, 74a, 74b) of said first peripheral edge portion (73) and said second peripheral edge portion (74) of the plate (70). Four à micro-ondes conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un élément conducteur formant obstacle (18), s'étendant à proximité de ladite paroi (12) de l'enceinte de chauffage (10), en vis-à-vis dudit logement (60), et en ce que ladite fente rayonnante (71) s'étend suivant un arc de cercle de longueur telle que, quelle que soit la position angulaire de ladite plaque (70) de l'antenne rotative (40), une portion de ladite fente rayonnante (71) de longueur de l'ordre d'une demi-longueur d'onde de l'énergie à haute fréquence fournie s'étend au-delà dudit élément conducteur formant obstacle (18).Microwave oven according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises at least one obstacle-forming conductive element (18) extending in the vicinity of said wall (12) of the enclosure of heating (10), opposite said housing (60), and in that said radiating slot (71) extends along an arc of a circle of length such that, whatever the angular position of said plate ( 70) of the rotating antenna (40), a portion of said radiating slot (71) of length of the order of half a wavelength of the supplied high frequency energy extends beyond said obstacle forming element (18). Four à micro-ondes conforme à la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément conducteur formant obstacle comporte un fil sensiblement rectiligne (18) s'étendant en vis-à-vis dudit logement (60), la fente rayonnante (71) s'étendant suivant un arc de cercle de longueur de l'ordre de deux fois une demi-longueur d'onde.Microwave oven according to claim 9, characterized in that said obstacle forming element comprises a substantially rectilinear wire (18) extending opposite said housing (60), the radiating slot (71) being extending in a circular arc length of the order of twice a half-wavelength. Four à micro-ondes conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que ledit logement (60) est embouti dans une paroi latérale (12) de l'enceinte de chauffage (10), un ou plusieurs fils parallèles (18) d'un gradin (17) s'étendant devant ladite paroi latérale (12), en vis-à-vis dudit logement (60), et ladite fente rayonnante (71) s'étendant sur un secteur angulaire supérieur à 120°.Microwave oven according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that said housing (60) is pressed into a side wall (12) of the heating chamber (10), one or more parallel wires ( 18) a step (17) extending in front of said side wall (12), opposite said housing (60), and said radiating slot (71) extending over an angular sector greater than 120 ° .
EP20090290456 2008-06-17 2009-06-17 Microwave oven with rotating antenna Active EP2136605B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0853978A FR2932641B1 (en) 2008-06-17 2008-06-17 ROTARY ANTENNA MICROWAVE OVEN

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EP2136605A1 true EP2136605A1 (en) 2009-12-23
EP2136605B1 EP2136605B1 (en) 2015-02-25

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109780585A (en) * 2019-03-01 2019-05-21 北京石油化工学院 A microwave radiation control system

Families Citing this family (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US12120805B2 (en) * 2019-02-13 2024-10-15 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. High-frequency heating apparatus
US11849527B2 (en) 2021-02-15 2023-12-19 Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. Oven appliance with improved convection cooking performance

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2532510A1 (en) 1982-08-31 1984-03-02 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete HIGH FREQUENCY HEATING APPARATUS
US4463239A (en) 1982-12-06 1984-07-31 General Electric Company Rotating slot antenna arrangement for microwave oven
US4477706A (en) 1982-07-19 1984-10-16 Control Data Corporation Combination microwave/convection and broiling oven
EP0732867A2 (en) * 1995-03-13 1996-09-18 SANYO ELECTRIC Co., Ltd. Microwave oven

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4477706A (en) 1982-07-19 1984-10-16 Control Data Corporation Combination microwave/convection and broiling oven
FR2532510A1 (en) 1982-08-31 1984-03-02 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete HIGH FREQUENCY HEATING APPARATUS
US4463239A (en) 1982-12-06 1984-07-31 General Electric Company Rotating slot antenna arrangement for microwave oven
EP0732867A2 (en) * 1995-03-13 1996-09-18 SANYO ELECTRIC Co., Ltd. Microwave oven

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109780585A (en) * 2019-03-01 2019-05-21 北京石油化工学院 A microwave radiation control system
CN109780585B (en) * 2019-03-01 2024-03-01 北京石油化工学院 Microwave distribution control system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2932641B1 (en) 2015-05-29
FR2932641A1 (en) 2009-12-18
ES2538186T3 (en) 2015-06-17
EP2136605B1 (en) 2015-02-25

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