EP2126243A1

EP2126243A1 - Sloping roof system and insulating board for sloping roof systems

Info

Publication number: EP2126243A1
Application number: EP08701078A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Gerd-Rüdiger Klose
Original assignee: Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH and Co OHG
Current assignee: Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH and Co OHG
Priority date: 2007-01-12
Filing date: 2008-01-11
Publication date: 2009-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2028-01-11
Also published as: CN101772607A; PT2126243E; SI2126243T1; EA200970681A1; CA2674956C; DK2126243T3; MY151877A; PL2126243T3; ES2394839T3; WO2008083970A1; US20100031593A1; CN101772607B; CA2674956A1; EP2126243B1; EA017390B1

Abstract

The invention relates to an insulating board (6) for a sloping roof system, with an insulating material body which has a flat base surface and a top surface and also side surfaces (14) which connect the base surface to the top surface, wherein the base surface is oriented anti-parallel to the top surface such that the top surface has at least one inclination in relation to the base surface, wherein the insulating material body is of sandwich-like design and has at least one first layer (11) with heat- and/or sound-absorbing properties, in particular of mineral wool, preferably of rock wool. In order to provide an insulating board (6) for a sloping roof system, which board has improved mechanical properties such that it firstly can resist a high compressive and shearing stress and secondly is suitable for the formation of a sloping roof system and of a kit associated therewith, it is proposed that the first layer (11) is connected to a second layer (13) which has different mechanical properties, in particular compressive strengths and/or flexural strengths, from the first layer (11) and is composed of a material which differs from the first layer (11) and has at least greater flexural rigidity.

Description

Folded axle system and insulation plate for sloping axle systems

The invention relates to an insulation board for a sloping roof system with an insulating body having a flat base surface and a surface and side surfaces connecting the base surface with the surface, wherein the base is aligned in anti-parallel to the surface, so that the surface relative to the base at least one inclination wherein the insulating body is sandwiched and at least a first layer having the heat and / or sound insulating property, in particular of mineral wool, preferably of rock wool having. The invention further relates to a Gefälledachsystem for a flat or flachgeneigter roof, consisting of an insulating layer, which is preferably arranged with intermediate storage of a film seal, in particular an air dam on a support, in particular a sub-roof of trapezoidal sheets, wherein the insulating layer composed of plate-shaped insulating elements and with a roof outer skin is covered and wherein at least part of the plate-shaped insulating elements has an insulating body which is sandwiched and has at least a first layer of heat and / or sound insulating properties, in particular mineral wool, preferably rockwool.

Insulating elements and roof structures are known in many versions from the prior art. A here in question standing flat or flat roofed roof is usually made of an insulating layer, which is preferably arranged with the interposition of a film seal on a support. The insulating layer is additionally covered with a roof outer skin. The edition may have a structure.

A structure of a flat or inclined flat roof consists of trusses, which are raised at regular intervals from each other or on the Surrounding walls are. To create pillar-free hall areas, large spans are sought. The trusses consist for example of steel profiles, steel truss constructions, concrete beams, plywood beams or wooden box girders. Purlins or rafters are attached transversely to the trusses on their upper chords. At least in wooden structures, these support elements are also referred to as rafter purlins. The following explanations refer to purlins roofs, but are also applicable to rafter roof constructions.

Ceilings made of in-situ concrete, prefabricated concrete elements, formwork made of solid wood or wood-based materials, and trapezoidal sheets are used as the underlay for the roof structure. Formworks made of wood-based materials are limited to panel sizes of 2.5 mx 2.5 m. Trapezoidal sheets are limited in their dimensions by the transport. Metal coverings are profiled on construction sites by a coil in any length, which in principle is also possible for trapezoidal sheets of the substructure. By appropriate shaping of its blank, the resistance moments of the trapezoidal sheets can be varied within wide limits or the sheet thicknesses can be adapted to the cross-sectional shapes. Usual spans of trapezoidal sheets as multi-field beams are approx. 6 m.

There is a distinction between flat and sloping and between unused and used roof areas.

Standing water is due to the associated burdens on the documents and the structures, but especially with regard to the roof seals as harmful. Since originally gaseous constituents of the atmosphere can be dissolved in the precipitates, these lead to massive pH-value decreases during drying due to their higher boiling temperatures than water. Moisture binds dust, dirt, seeds and promotes the formation of algae and plant growth with concomitant formation of humus or organic acids. Organic and inorganic acids can attack roof waterproofing. The formation of crusts alone can lead to damaging attacks in the area of connecting seams between individual roof seals, which are usually considered weak points.

In order to avoid accumulation of precipitation, the documents or the structures for the roof structures should already be planned with a gradient of 2% (1, 15 °). Roofs with a lower roof slope are special constructions and require special measures to avoid risks Stagnant water should be avoided or mitigated. However, it is expressly mentioned in the Flat Guidelines that, on roofs with a gradient of up to 3 ° (-5%), remaining water is unavoidable.

Rainwater should be removed by a short route. For roofs with a low inclination of up to 5 °, internal drainage is often carried out via roof drains, which should each be located at low points of the areas to be drained and should have at least a distance of 50 cm from roof structures or other penetrations of the roof waterproofing. Feed channels to the roof drains should have a sufficient slope. The roof drains themselves should not form thermal bridges. They must be maintained regularly and therefore be freely accessible.

Unused roof areas are not intended for the permanent stay of persons, the use by traffic or for the greening. They are entered only for the purpose of maintenance and general maintenance. With regard to greening, however, a distinction must be made between intensive and extensive greening, the latter corresponding, from a building physics point of view, to the formerly common gravel loads.

The roof structures must generally have a thermal barrier coating to meet the requirements for limiting the use of heating energy.

A generic roof construction usually consists of a base, such as trapezoidal sheets, an air barrier with water vapor diffusion-braking effect, an insulating layer of mineral wool insulation, preferably from rock wool roof insulation panels and a roof waterproofing of plastic or rubber (elastomer) tracks, with screws through the insulating layer is anchored in the trapezoidal sheets.

For the production of the air barrier often only about 100 micron thin polyethylene films are used, which are designed loosely on the upper chords of the trapezoidal sheets and the total are not sustainable. On the other hand, a certain load bearing capacity is provided by metal sheets laminated with elastomeric sheets glued to the upper chords of the trapezoidal sheets.

The various roofing materials are not further differentiated below, but generalizing even as roofing membranes denotes, although prefabricated tarpaulins made of, for example, elastomers are used.

Mineral wool insulating materials consist of artificially produced, glassy solidified fibers containing small amounts of mostly organic binders such as thermosetting phenolic or

Formaldehyde urea resins are partially bonded. In order to continuously waterproof the insulating materials, they are additionally impregnated with additives such as oils or resins.

Commercially available is a distinction between glass wool and rock wool insulation materials. Both types have different chemical compositions of the fibers and are therefore produced in different processes or with different devices. Rock wool insulation materials contain up to 35% by weight of non-fibrous particles, whereas glass wool insulating materials are largely free of them. However, special rock wool insulation materials are also available that contain no or only a few non-fibrous particles. In addition, most rock wool roof insulation panels recycled fibers in proportions of about 2 to 25% by mass are added, which are usually only loosely embedded in the flakes of primary fibers and make virtually no contribution to increasing the mechanical properties of the insulating materials.

Rock wool insulating materials are therefore distinguished according to their thermal resistance of glass wool insulating materials and other mineral wool insulating materials. Rock wool insulation materials include all mineral wool insulation materials with a melting point <1,000 ⁰ C according to DIN 4102 Part 17.

For the production of a thermal insulation layer according to DIN EN 13162 factory-made mineral wool insulating materials are used. The compressive stress of these mineral wool insulation materials is <40 kPa at 10% compression. In order to meet this compressive stress with the lowest possible, ie also weight-saving, material use, the endless fibrous webs mixed with unconsolidated binders and impregnated with additives are compressed in the vertical and in the horizontal direction during the production process. Individual fibers or primary fiber agglomerations are thereby folded up and down in the conveying direction. Transversely to this, largely horizontally arranged layers form, which means that the bending tensile strength is significantly higher in this direction than in the conveying direction. An increase in the binder shares separates because of the risk of loss of incombustibility of the insulating material and, for example for cost reasons.

In order to utilize the anisotropy of the mechanical properties in the roofs in question, the roof insulation panels in the form of multi-field beams, i. designed with the largest possible dimensions transverse to the profiling of the trapezoidal sheets. Such trapezoidal sheets have clear widths between upper chords of more than 150 mm. For the bridging of these widths, minimum thicknesses of the mineral wool roof insulation panels of 120 mm are required in the flat-roof guidelines. According to a previously used design formula, however, based on insulation boards with flat lying with respect to the two major surfaces fibers, the minimum thickness half the width between the upper goodness of the steel trapezoidal profiles were calculated.

Rock wool roof insulation panels, including non-fibrous constituents and recycled fibers, have gross densities in the range of about 130 to about 170 kg / m ³ , which after deduction of the non-fibrous particles net bulk densities of less than 90 kg / m ³ or more than 70 kg / m ³ primary fibers including binder corresponds. Large-format roof insulation panels are used with the dimensions of, for example, 2 m length x 1.2 m width.

The surfaces of the rock wool roof insulation panels are sensitive to the stresses of walking on and driving on handcarts, sack trucks, pallet trucks. Both the profiles of the soles of the shoes and the tires of the means of transport, such as the sharp-edged wheels of the pallet truck, lead, in addition to the pressure loads, to severe shearing stresses on the surfaces concerned. Walking or driving over the longitudinal areas above the lower chords of the trapezoidal sheeting significantly increases the harmful effects of these stresses.

Due to its hydrolyzing effects, rainwater which falls down on the unprotected surfaces of the roof insulation panels weakens the frequently used thermosetting resins and the insulation structure. In addition, there are generally due to relaxation effects within the rock wool insulation material to quasi natural strength losses.

By increasing the gross gross density to about 180 kg / m ³ to about 220 kg / m ³ within a 10 to about 25 mm thick layer below the upper large surface, the resistance of the roof insulation panels is increased and the specific Burdens on the insulation structure because of the cheaper Reduced force application.

An adequate organization of the laying work and the use of suitable conveyors can avoid the transport of heavy stacks of roof insulation panels made of insulating material and their damage. For subsequent work, such as the completion of the connections to attics, firewalls, Druchdungen and / or other adjacent components, the installation of skylights and roof drains, etc. pressure-compensating plates must be designed. The planning of these protective measures is omitted regularly, because the associated organizational and financial effort is generally spared.

Furthermore, unused roof areas must be regularly entered for maintenance and cleaning. The maintenance work includes i.a. the control of water drains or the elimination of deposits. Furthermore, walking on the unused roof surface is required for the maintenance of, for example, ventilation and air-conditioning systems, antennas, lightning protection systems, billboards, smoke extraction systems and / or light domes, as well as their cleaning. This form of travel, which are characterized by damaged roof insulation panels. To avoid this damage, for example, rubber shot mats or plates are designed on which optionally laid concrete slabs or light grid or the latter are additionally elevated on the concrete slabs.

Another problem with flat and sloping roofs is the discharge of precipitation, including meltwater. In most cases, it is only possible to avoid stagnant water on the roof insulation when the roof of the roof structure is inclined by> approx. 3 °. As a disadvantage, it has therefore been proven that structures are planned and built without sufficient inclination even in new buildings or their allowable deflection is neglected. The permissible deflection of the trapezoidal sheets is 1/500, which makes 12 mm at usual spans of about 6,000 mm. For the purlins and binders, deflections of similar magnitudes have to be considered.

The low points of the given by the purlins and the binder partial surfaces show up only after completion of the entire roof structure including planned loads. The positions of these low points may even change due to weather conditions, such as snow deposits. Only after Determination of the low points are therefore set a variety of usually additional roof drains. These additional works and facilities are costly. In order to avoid the costs, roof drains are therefore preferably arranged in the vicinity of the purlins or on the binders and thus, as it were, on the uppermost contour lines of the entire roof structure.

In order to produce any water drainage in the direction of a few roof drains, slope roof insulation systems are provided, which are constructed in addition to the insulating layer and form, for example in paired arrangement a gutter. In order to avoid stagnant water in this channel and to direct the precipitation to the roof drains, Kehlfall roof systems are arranged in addition, which are always paired, so that a rising middle ridge arises, while two each sloping side surfaces with the surfaces of the slope Roof systems form throats. Between two adjacently disposed roof drains, two draft-down roofing systems are preferably arranged relative to each other such that the precipitates are directed in opposite directions, i. be directed to the respective roof drains out.

The insulation elements of sloping roof insulation systems are taken into account when calculating the thermal resistance of the roof structure. However, in order to avoid thermal bridges, in particular a sufficient positional stability of the gradient roof system on the trapezoidal sheets, thus achieving the required load capacity, a thermal barrier coating of preferably large-sized rock wool roof insulation panels is generally required as a base. Slope roof systems can also be placed on existing, ie old roof structures.

To limit the heights of the slope roof insulation systems, these are arranged on larger roof surfaces against each other and form saddle-shaped elevations, each with a ridge line and the gutters extending therebetween. Slope roof insulation systems can be brought up to the limiting components such as attics, firewalls, superstructures and other penetrations. In most cases, however, there are designed commercially sloping roof panels which form a plane inclined away from the boundary. This level is also commercially referred to as a counter slope, if an otherwise flat roof structure is present, so missing a counter-slope.

Commercially available gradient roof systems consist of a number of rock wool Moldings whose outer large surfaces are inclined with respect to the usually horizontal bearing surfaces. Due to the large inclination angles, the angle of inclination is usually not more than 1, 15 ° (~ 2% gradient), and therefore mainly for cost reasons. The rockwool moldings are matched in their heights and widths. After reaching a certain height further rock wool moldings are placed on a flat roof insulation board to build larger heights with a small number of moldings can.

Slope roof insulation panels with small thicknesses can be formed by cutting from parallelepipedic rock wool roof insulation panels and therefore, in principle, have the same structure as the rock wool roof insulation panels. Slope roof insulation panels with larger thicknesses are composed of individual, perpendicular to the roof surface aligned plate sections whose one side surface is cut obliquely according to the desired angle of inclination. Due to the predominantly orthogonal orientation of the mineral fibers in the plate sections, an increased compressive stress is achieved or it is possible to reduce the bulk density of the plate sections at the same compressive stress level.

For use in the roofs described above, the insulating layers (sound and / or heat) must be sufficiently dimensionally stable and temperature-resistant and as a base for the roof waterproofing must be firm and dimensionally stable. The rock wool roof insulation panels provided for this purpose are used to substantially avoid thermal bridges and, for cost reasons, as in-plane prismatic, i. used parallelepipedic insulation panels. Such insulation boards can be produced inexpensively, stack, transport and design without special expertise quickly. For cost reasons, as well as because of their higher buoyancy, it is preferred to use large-format panels with dimensions of, for example, 2 m length x 1.2 m width. Small-sized insulation boards measuring 1, 25 m or 1, 0 m in length x 0.6 or 0.625 m in width are only used for subordinate surfaces or on solid substrates.

The surfaces of the rock wool roof insulation panels are relatively sensitive to repeated mechanical stresses, such as when walking on or loaded with loaded wheelbarrows, carts, pallet trucks, etc. occur. These general pressures are negatively enhanced by the shearing effects of contoured soles or tires. While, for example, two-ply laid bituminous membranes still have a certain pressure-compensating effect and significantly reduce the shear stresses of the surfaces mentioned, this is not the case with the use of thin plastic and rubber sheets.

Improved surface properties of the rock wool roof insulation panels, in particular an increased accessibility is aimed at by up to about 220 kg / m ³ highly compressed, up to about 2 cm thick top layer. Their lasting effectiveness, however, depends on the stiffness of the rest of the insulating body. If this is repeatedly loaded, then this top layer breaks up like a lump.

To be distinguished from the roof insulation panels are Falälledachdämmplatten having at least in one direction an inclined surface. In Falälldachdämmplatten which are installed, for example, in the grooves of inclined roof surfaces, the inclined surface may be chamfered to one side or the other, so that ultimately a double slope is formed.

On the other hand slope roof systems are known, which consist of individual, in the direction of fall at the base of 900 mm long and 600 mm wide Gefälledachdämmplatten, wherein in the roof area a slope of 2% can be produced. The thicknesses of the individual sloping roof insulation panels within this sloping roof system are between 40 mm and 184 mm. Because of possible damage already in the production is generally avoided to let the Gefälldachdämmplatten or other unprotected moldings to leak to zero thickness.

If the base length of this gradient roof system is to be increased, a layer consisting of flat roof insulation panels is inserted, so that usually can be continued with a first corresponding Falälledachdämmplatte.

In order to limit the thickness and the volume of the sloping roof insulation panels required for the production of a sloping roof surface, saddle-shaped elevations are formed, whereby grooves are formed in which roof drains are located.

Based on the above-described prior art, the invention is based on the object, an insulation board for a sloping roof system to provide, which has improved mechanical properties, so that it can withstand high pressure and shear stresses on the one hand and on the other hand is suitable for the formation of a sloping roof system and a kit associated therewith. In addition, the invention is based on the object to provide a sloping roof system for a flat or flat roof inclined roof, which can be constructed in a simple manner with as few components and beyond the necessary mechanical properties, in particular strength has.

The solution to this problem provides for a generic insulation board that the first layer is connected to a second layer having different mechanical properties of the first layer, in particular compressive strengths and / or bending strengths and from a deviating from the first layer material at least higher bending stiffness exists.

On the part of the sloping roof system according to the invention, this second aspect provides that the second layer of the first layer has different mechanical properties, in particular compressive strengths and / or bending strengths, and consists of a material deviating from the first layer and having at least higher bending stiffness.

Further features of the insulation panel according to the invention or the sloping roof system according to the invention will become apparent from the respective dependent claims and from the following description of further developments and refinements of the insulation board and the sloping roof system.

Thus, in the case of an insulating panel of the embodiment according to the invention, it has proven to be advantageous to design the base area at right angles, so that the side surfaces are aligned at right angles to one another. Such insulation boards are easy to install on conventional roofs and can also be easily tailored with the usual tools.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the second layer of the insulating board is formed from a molded body made of pressure- and / or bending-resistant material, in particular a Magnesiabinder, for example, Sorel cement, or mixtures of binders with Magnesiabinder. In this embodiment, it has proven to be advantageous that a corresponding second layer is sufficiently pressure-resistant, so that the insulation board walk-and / or passable, wherein the configuration of the second layer of a Magnesia binder moreover has the advantage that in this way the fire properties of a correspondingly formed insulation board are not adversely affected.

A further development of this embodiment provides that the at least first layer is cuboid and is arranged on a molding which forms at least the second layer. Alternatively it can be provided that the at least second layer is cuboid-shaped and connected to a molded body forming at least the first layer. Thus, the invention either provides that the first layer is formed with heat and / or sound insulating properties, in particular mineral wool, preferably rock wool as cuboid element, namely as a conventional insulation board and the second layer with a deviating from the first mechanical properties planar large surface which is disposed over the entire surface of the large surface of the first layer, wherein the second large surface of the second layer is anti-parallel to the large surface of the first layer. Furthermore, there is the possibility that the insulation board is formed from a first layer which has two large surfaces which run anti-parallel to one another, so that the second layer with the mechanical properties deviating therefrom is applied to a large surface of the first layer, which second layer is formed cuboid. In the last illustrated embodiment, the advantage is used that the first layer for heat and / or sound insulating properties in particular easily adaptable in shape by a corresponding layer as a shaped body, for example, from a block of mineral wool, for example cut out of rock wool becomes.

In a further development of the insulating panel according to the invention it is provided that the insulating body has at least one side surface extending parallel to the inclination, which is aligned at an angle deviating from the right angle to the base. A further development provides that the side surfaces have at least a height of 5 mm, so that the insulation board over its entire large surface of a range, namely a layer with heat and / or sound insulating properties and a range, namely a second layer with high compressive strengths and / or bending strengths is formed. As a result, the heat and / or sound insulating properties of such an insulating board over its entire, for example, resting on a sloping roof surface are maintained. Preferably, the first layer formed of mineral wool has a fiber profile in the direction of its large surface. This embodiment has the advantage that the compressive strength of this first layer is increased.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the second layer consisting of pressure-resistant material can have at least one planar reinforcement made of woven fabrics, fleeces, glass plastic rovings and / or natural fibers. This measure also serves to improve the mechanical properties, in particular compressive strengths and / or flexural strengths of the second layer, so that this second layer has at least one high flexural stiffness even with a relatively small layer thickness.

The second layer consisting of pressure-resistant material according to a further feature of the invention additionally comprises proportions of water glass, organically modified silicates (ormosils), silica glass and / or plastic dispersions or emulsions.

It is provided according to a further feature of the invention that the existing of pressure-resistant material second layer has at least one internal reinforcement of textile, glass and / or mineral wool fibers in order to improve their mechanical properties, wherein it has proved to be advantageous from pressure-resistant material existing second layer with up to 40% by mass, preferably up to 25% by mass of textile, glass and / or mineral wool fibers form.

The layers of mineral fiber and, for example, sorrel cement to be joined together are preferably glued together or laminated on one another in one work step.

According to a further feature of the invention is provided, which consists of pressure-resistant material, in particular from Magnesiabinder second layer fine-grained aggregates of brucite, aluminum hydroxide and / or titanium oxide, in particular in a proportion of up to 25% by mass.

Preferably, the two layers are arranged flush with each other flush with each other to provide a flat body in the side surface area, so that an insulation formed therefrom insulation boards, which are arranged with their side surfaces over the entire surface adjacent to each other. According to a further feature of the invention, it can be provided that the surface having the second layer protrudes at least against a side surface of the first layer having the base surface. In this case, the projecting second layer can rest on an adjacently arranged insulation board and thus cover the joint area of two adjacently arranged insulation boards. The protruding second layer thus serves as a seal of the transition region between two adjacently arranged insulation panels of a roof system.

According to a further feature of the invention, it is provided that the surface having the second layer has a material thickness of about 2 mm to 25 mm, preferably from about 3 mm to 10 mm. A second layer formed in this way thus has a material thickness which is sufficient, in particular in conjunction with the features presented above, to form a sufficiently pressure- and / or bending-resistant layer. Further, the material thickness is selected such that the total weight of the insulation board is in an area that allows for handling by a person. In addition, with such material thicknesses insulation boards are possible, which are designed in a large format, without this is the requirement to have to take mechanical assistance in laying in a roof system to complete.

It is further provided in an advantageous embodiment of the invention that on the surface of the insulating body, in particular on the second layer, a cover, in particular in the form of a random web of plastic fibers is arranged. This embodiment has the advantage that the connection between the two layers is improved over the cover, wherein, for example, a random fleece made of plastic fibers can have the effect of a reinforcement.

A further development of the insulation board according to the invention provides that the pressure-resistant and / or bending-resistant second layer is embodied differently thick, depending on the mechanical loads occurring during use. For example, the second layer can be formed in the region of walking and / or driving ways with a greater thickness, wherein these areas can also be readily visually recognizable, for example, by a special coloring, grain or the like.

With regard to the above-mentioned cover can be additionally provided that these at least one, preferably two adjacent side surfaces of the insulating body, preferably the surface having the second Layer protrudes. In this case, the cover can in turn at least partially cover an adjacently arranged insulation board, so that this cover has a sealing function in this respect. Incidentally, the cover may also be designed to be self-adhesive, at least in the protruding area, so that it can be adhesively bonded to the cover of an adjacent insulating panel or to an adjacent insulating panel without difficulty.

It is further provided according to a further feature of the invention that at least one side surface of the base layer having the first layer is at least partially formed with a pressure and / or rigid coating, wherein the coating is preferably identical to the material with the pressure and / or rigid second layer is. Such an insulating board is particularly suitable for edge regions of a roofing, wherein the layer protects both the surface of the insulating material and a side surface against damage.

To further develop an insulation panel according to the invention, it is provided according to a further embodiment that the base layer having the first layer is formed in several parts from segments. Preferably, the segments of the first layer are glued together and / or connected to each other via the bending and / or pressure-resistant second layer. In addition, it can be provided that the segments are arranged on a carrier layer and preferably connected to this, in particular glued. This embodiment can be developed, for example, by forming the carrier layer from a material suitable for heat and / or sound insulation purposes, in particular from mineral fibers.

According to a further feature of the invention it is provided that the insulating body a first layer with heat and / or sound insulating properties, in particular of mineral fibers, a second layer arranged thereon of a pressure and / or bending resistant material, in particular from a Magnesiabinder, a thereon arranged third layer having heat and / or sound insulating properties, in particular of mineral fibers and finally a fourth layer of a pressure and / or bending resistant material, in particular from a Magnesiabinder having. This insulation board is thus designed as a sandwich element and has very good mechanical strength and at the same time excellent properties in terms of heat and / or sound insulation. An insulation board shown above is further developed in that the first layer is formed compressible. Due to the compressibility of the first layer, this insulation board is easily adaptable to unevenness of the insulation board receiving support of the roof.

It has been found in such an insulating board to form the second layer and the fourth layer material identical, so that thereby the manufacturing process is simplified.

In the following, particularly advantageous embodiments of the sloping roof system according to the invention are shown.

Preferably, the sloping roof system according to the invention is further developed in that on the support a plate-shaped insulating element is arranged, which has at least one side surface which is aligned at an angle deviating from the right angle to an upper in the insulation and a lower insulation in the surface of the insulating element and that the lower large surface is formed larger than the upper large surface of the Dämmelements.

Drainage systems are known for the controlled discharge of rainwater. According to serve for this purpose insulating elements on an inclined surface. With such, an inclined surface having insulating elements sloping roof systems are formed, which serve, for example, the discharge of rainwater in a drainage system of Gefälledachsystems.

According to a development of the sloping roof system according to the invention, it is provided that the angles of the insulating elements or shaped parts arranged one above the other are designed to be smaller for support. This results in a plurality of superimposed insulating elements or moldings a course of the obliquely to the horizontal at an angle extending surfaces in the form of a circular arc or arc section.

The moldings are preferably connected to the side surface of the adjoining them Dämmelements and / or arranged in the arranged below the layer Dämmelements, in particular glued to ensure a composite of the individual components of the sloping roof system.

It is further contemplated that the insulating element in the area of his in the Insulation layer is curved upper large surface and / or preferably formed curved in segments. With this configuration, the function of the Dämmelements is substantially improved with respect to the discharge of rainfall, especially rainwater in a roof own drainage system and in particular the accumulation of water on the roof surface avoided.

In addition, it can be provided that the side surface of the plate-shaped Dämmelements, which is also arched at a deviating from right angles to an upper layer in the insulation and a lower in the insulating layer large surface, in particular concave curved to the above advantages even in a to achieve such insulation element for a sloping roof system.

According to a development of the sloping roof system according to the invention, it is provided that at least one surface of the molded part and / or of the adjacently arranged insulating element arranged adjacent to the side surface has a pressure-resistant and / or bending-resistant layer, at least in some areas. This layer protects the molded part or the insulating element from damage caused by walking or even from the weather, for example by precipitation and / or sunlight. A further development of this embodiment provides that the pressure-resistant and / or bending-resistant layer extends over part of the side surface in order to protect it from damage and the effects of weathering.

It has also proved to be advantageous to extend the pressure- and / or bending-resistant layer over the side surface to the support and preferably to arrange on a portion of the support. Also, this embodiment serves the purpose of protecting the structural elements of the sloping roof system against mechanical stresses, such as pressure, bending and shear stresses and against weather, in particular rainfall and / or high solar radiation.

According to a further feature, it is provided that the insulating element has two large surfaces, each having a layer of a different material from the first layer with heat and / or sound insulating properties with at least higher bending stiffness. In this way, the insulating elements are particularly useful in areas that serve to commit and / or driving on the sloping roof system. It is provided according to a further feature of the invention that a large surface of the Dämmstoffkörpers is formed as a flat base, which is arranged in anti-parallel at least one inclination to a second large surface of the insulating body, wherein the insulating body has side surfaces, the base with the connect the second large surface. In principle, insulating elements can thus be used in a sloping roof system according to the invention, as described above, for example in the form of an insulating panel. Accordingly, the features and configurations of the insulation board according to the invention as described above can also be realized in insulating bodies that are used in such a sloping roof system, so that reference is made to the advantages of the insulation boards described above with regard to the advantages of such insulation bodies or insulation elements.

Further features and advantages of the insulation board according to the invention or the sloping roof system according to the invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings, are shown in the preferred embodiments of the insulation board or the sloping roof system. In the drawing show:

FIG. 1 shows a section of a sloping roof system in a perspective view;

Figure 2 shows an insulation board for a sloping roof system in a perspective view;

Figure 3 shows the insulation board according to Figure 2 in side view;

FIG. 4 shows an insulation panel for a sloping roof system in a perspective view;

Figure 5 shows an insulation board for a sloping roof system in a perspective view;

Figure 6 shows an insulation board for a sloping roof system in side view;

Figure 7 shows an insulation board for a sloping roof system in side view;

8 shows an insulating element for a sloping roof system in a perspective view:

9 shows an insulating element for a sloping roof system in a perspective view; FIG. 10 shows an insulating element for a sloping roof system in a perspective view;

Figure 11 shows the insulating element according to Figure 10 in side view;

FIG. 12 a perspective view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 13 a side view of a section of a sloping roof system;

Figure 14 shows an insulation board for a sloping roof system in side view;

FIG. 15 shows a side view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 16 shows a side view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 17 shows a side view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 18 shows a side view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 19 a side view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 20 a side view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 21 a perspective view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 22 shows a side view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 23 shows a section of a sloping roof system in a perspective view;

FIG. 24 a perspective view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 25 a perspective view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 26 a side view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 27 a perspective view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 28 a side view of a section of a sloping roof system; FIG. 29 shows a side view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 30 a perspective view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 31 a perspective view of a section of a sloping roof system;

FIG. 32 a side view of a section of an insulation panel for a sloping roof system;

FIG. 33 a side view of a section of an insulation panel for a sloping roof system;

FIG. 34 shows a side view of a section of an insulation panel for a sloping roof system;

Figure 35 shows an insulation board for a sloping roof system in side view;

Figure 36 shows an insulation board for a sloping roof system in side view and

Figure 37 shows an insulation board for a sloping roof system in side view;

Figure 1 shows a portion of a sloping roof system for a flat roof 1, consisting of a roof covering and a roof end 2, which has a surface 3, on which a film seal 4, in particular an air barrier is arranged. On the film seal 4, an insulating layer 5 is arranged from a plurality of plate-shaped insulating elements 6, wherein the insulating elements 6 are aligned in a plurality of juxtaposed rows. In addition, a central region 7 of the insulating layer 5 can be seen in FIG. 1, with drainage openings 8 being additionally arranged in this central region 7. The central region 7 of the insulating layer 5 is formed from Gefälledämmplatten 9, which are additionally placed on the insulating elements 6 and whose configuration will be described below. From Figure 1 it can be seen that the insulating elements 6, which are plate-shaped, have a surface 10 which is anti-parallel to an oppositely disposed second surface 10, which second surface 10 rests on the film seal 4. In this case, the surfaces 10 of the insulating elements 6 have a number of matching alignment, wherein the surfaces 10 of the insulating elements 6 of a deer are flush in the surfaces 10 of the insulating elements 6 of an adjacent row. Overall, the insulating elements 6 with their surfaces 10 on one side of the central region 7 a surface inclined towards the central region 7, so that precipitation water striking the surfaces 10 is discharged in the direction of the central region 7.

It can be seen in FIG. 1 that two drainage openings 8 are arranged at a distance from one another in the middle area 7. On both sides of the drainage openings 8 Gefälledämmplatten 9 are arranged. The Gefälledämmplatten 9 between the two drainage holes 8 form a Kehlfall roof system which is designed such that the precipitation in the opposite direction, that is led to the drainage openings 8. The Gefälledämmplatten 9 are placed here on insulating elements 6, which are part of the insulating layer 5.

In Figures 2 and 3, an insulating element 6 is shown both in perspective, as well as in side view. The insulating element 6 consists of an insulating body made of mineral fibers, which are bonded with a binder. The insulating body forms a first layer 11 of the Dämmelements 6 and has a large surface 12. On the Dämmstoffkörper a second layer 13 is applied. The second layer 13 is substantially cuboid-shaped and has the large surface 10 of the Dämmelements 6. The large surfaces 10 and 12 are anti-parallel to each other. Thus, the large surface 10 has a slope relative to the large surface 12.

The two layers 11 and 13 have different mechanical properties, namely compressive strengths and flexural strengths, wherein the first layer 11, namely the insulating body has a lower compressive strength compared to the second layer 13.

In addition to the surfaces 10 and 12, the insulating element 6 on side surfaces 14, which are each aligned at right angles, so that each two side surfaces 14 parallel to each other and results in a rectangular base for the insulating element 6, which base coincides with the large surface 12.

The second layer 13 and the first layer 11, namely the insulating body are glued together, so that the insulating element 6 from the Dämmstoffkörper and the second layer 13 are integrally formed. Figures 2 and 3 show that the insulating body in the region of its side surfaces 14 has at least a height of 5 mm, so that the entire second layer 13 of the insulating body Underruns is. In order to improve the compressive strength of the insulating body or of the second layer 13, it is provided that the first layer 11 has a fiber path in the direction of the surface 12. In addition, the second layer 13 has a planar reinforcement made of glass fibers, which are embedded in the second layer 13.

Finally, it can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3 that the side surfaces 14 of the insulating material body and the side surfaces 14 of the second layer 13 merge flush so that the respective side surfaces 14 of the insulating body 11 and the second layer 13 are planar.

A development of the Dämmelements 6 shown in Figures 2 and 3 is shown in Figure 4. In addition to the construction elements of the Dämmelements 6 according to Figures 2 and 3, the insulating element 6 according to Figure 4 on the surface 10 of the second layer 13, a cover 15 in Form of a random fleece on plastic fibers. The cover 15 may be glued surface flush on the surface 10 or alternatively protrude beyond the side surfaces 14 so that they can be placed on a neighboring Dämmelement 6 with adjacent insulating elements 6.

FIGS. 2 to 4 show embodiments of the insulating element 6 with an inclination of the surface 10 in a direction relative to the surface 12. Deviating from this, FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the insulating element 6, which is designed in accordance with the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, however has two mutually perpendicular inclinations according to the arrows 16 of the surface 10 relative to the surface 12.

FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of an insulating element 6, which is triangular in cross-section, wherein the surface 10 arranged opposite a right angle is formed with the second layer 13. Such an insulating element can be used, for example, in the edge region of a roof, in particular in the area of an attic 32.

FIG. 7 shows a further development of an insulating element 6 in combination with an insulating panel 17, which is cuboid in shape and consists, for example, of mineral fibers bound with binders. The insulating element 6 is trapezoidal in cross-section and has a second layer of a rigid material which extends over a parallel to the large surface 12 of the Dämmstoffkörpers extending surface and a side surface 14, which is erected at an angle deviating from the right angle to the surface 12. The insulating element 6 has a height which coincides with the height of the insulating panel 17. This configuration makes it possible to form the insulating element 6 with a second layer 13, which extends over the large surface 12 of the oppositely disposed large surface of the Dämmstoffkörpers or the first layer 11 and thus on a large surface 18 of the adjacently arranged insulation board 17th rests. Via an adhesive, the second layer 13 can be additionally connected to the large surface 18 of the insulation board 17.

In the figures 8 to 11 described below different Gefälledämmplatten 9 are shown.

FIG. 8 shows a first embodiment of a sloping insulation panel 9, which is designed as a magnesia molding and has two side surfaces 19 converging at an angle and base surfaces 20, of which only one base 20 is shown in FIG. The Gefälledämmplatte 9 is wedge-shaped, wherein the side surfaces 19 along a line 21 abut each other and are sloping from this line 21 to the bases 20, so that the side surfaces 19 from the line 21 with respect to a flat support surface have a sloping inclination.

In Figure 9, an alternative embodiment of a Gefälledämmplatte 9 is shown, in which between the base surfaces 20, a base 22 is arranged, which has a flat support surface 23 which serves the support on a surface 3 according to Figure 1 or flat insulation elements 6. Recesses are formed between the base 22 and the base surfaces 20, which are generally formed according to an inclination of insulating elements 6 in the region of their surfaces, so that these insulating elements 6 can be arranged flush in the space between the base 23 and the base 20. An alternative embodiment of the Gefälledämmplatte 9 according to Figure 8 is shown in Figures 10 and 11. In this embodiment, the Gefälledämmplatte 9 an insulating body is provided on the side surfaces 19 each have a layer 13 of pressure and bending magnesia is arranged, which are glued to the insulating body 11. The insulating body 11 is made of binders bound mineral fibers and thus has very good thermal insulation and sound insulation properties. Preferably, the insulating body 11 is produced as a molded part in one piece, wherein the second layers 13 are pressed with the insulating body 11. Between the two second layers 13, a groove 24 is formed, which has an inclination to a tip 25 of the Gefälledämmplatte 9 corresponding to the side surfaces 19.

FIG. 12 shows a further embodiment of a roof 1 which consists of a sub-roof structure which has a plurality of trapezoidal sheets 26 and a film covering arranged thereon. On the film cover 4 insulation boards 27 are arranged in a cuboid configuration. The insulation boards 27 are arranged adjacent to each other with their side surfaces, wherein between two rows of insulation boards 27 insulating elements 6 are arranged, which constitute a further embodiment of the invention.

The insulating elements 6 are sandwiched and have a first layer 11 in the form of an insulating body, a second layer 13 and a third layer 28. These insulating elements 6 have a material thickness of about 30 mm.

The insulating layer formed as the first layer 11 and the third layer 28 are formed from bound with binders mineral fibers, it has proved to be advantageous to arrange the mineral fibers at least in the first formed as an insulating body layer 11 with a course perpendicular to the large surface. The second and in the sandwich element middle layer 13 consists of a rigid and solid and thus pressure-distributing Magnesiaplatte. The thickness of this second layer 13 is dimensioned such that the third layer 28 with its surface 10 projects slightly beyond the surface formed by the insulation boards 27. In the course of a load in the direction of the surface normal of the surface 10 of this insulating element 6 is compressed so that the surface 10 decreases to a maximum on the plane of the surfaces formed by the insulation boards 27. A much greater compressibility is therefore not provided. It has proved to be advantageous to form the third layer 28 with a material thickness of about 10 to about 15 mm in order to ensure their function as a resilient spacer or as a release layer. Notwithstanding the above description, the third layer 28 may of course also be formed of rigid foam plates or Wirrvliesen of plastic fibers. This third layer 28 also serves as a protective layer for the Magnesiaplatte, which is protected from damage by sharp-edged objects and weather conditions.

FIG. 13 shows the arrangement of an insulating element 6 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 in a sloping roof system, which consists of a lower layer of insulating boards 27 and arranged thereon Gefälledämmplatten 8 is formed. Between two Gefälledämmplatten 8 an insulating element 6 is arranged such that the inclined surfaces of the Dämmelements 6 and the Gefälledämmplatten 8 form a plane.

The region of the Dämmelements 6 is formed in this embodiment as a walk-in area and can be made visually recognizable, for example, by a significant deviation of the second layer 13.

FIG. 14 shows a further example of an insulating element 6, which insulating element 6 has an insulating body with two large surfaces 12 extending parallel to one another. On both large surfaces 12 each a full-surface covering second layer 13 is arranged, which consists of a Magnesiaplatte, which Magnesiaplatte is glued to the insulating body. In the layers 13 reinforcing elements, for example glass, synthetic and / or natural fibers are arranged, which are laminated with Magnesiabindern. The laminated layers are about 0.5 mm to about 30 mm thick, with material thicknesses between about 1 mm and 10 mm have been found to be particularly suitable. Of course, the two layers 13 may have different material thicknesses or be proven differently. The layers 13 can be laminated in one step of the production of the insulating body or glued after curing of the binder in the insulating body complementary.

Hereinafter, different sloping roof systems will be described, which are shown in FIGS. 15 to 31 and in which insulating elements 6 according to FIGS. 1 to 14 can be used.

FIG. 15 shows a roof 1 with a roof end 2, which has a surface 3. On the surface 3, a non-illustrated film seal is arranged, as shown for example in Figure 1 and designated by the reference numeral 4.

On the surface 3, two superposed layers of insulating panels 17 are arranged in the right half of Figure 15, which are formed cuboid. The insulating panels 17 of the two superimposed layers are arranged offset with respect to their side surfaces 19 to each other, so that there is a step-like configuration. In the steps 29 formed in this case insulating elements 6 are arranged, which are triangular in cross-section and have a right angle arranged opposite surface, wherein the surfaces arranged in adjacently arranged steps Insulating elements 6 are arranged rectified in a plane.

On the uppermost layer of the insulating panels 17, a system of Gefälledämmplatten 9 is arranged, which are therefore formed with deviating from the horizontal inclined surfaces formed. As Gefälledämmplatten 9, for example, the Gefälledämmplatten 9 shown in Figures 8 to 11 come into question.

In contrast to the right half of Figure 15, the left half of Figure 15 shows an alternative embodiment, which differs from the embodiment in the right half of Figure 15 that the insulating panels 17 are integrally formed with the insulating elements 6. Accordingly, these insulation panels 17 deviate from a parallelepiped configuration in that a side surface 19 is oriented at an angle deviating from the right angle relative to the large surfaces 18. This can of course also apply to more than one side surface 19. Two further embodiments are shown in FIG. 16 in that, in the right half of FIG. 16, in addition to two insulating panels 17 arranged one above the other, an insulating element 6 is arranged which is substantially triangular in cross-section and has a step 30 on its lateral surface facing the insulating panels 17 has, which serves to receive the upper of the two insulating panels 17, so that the upper of the two insulating panels 17 projects relative to the lower of the two insulating panels 17 in the direction of the insulating element 6.

In the left half of Figure 16, another alternative embodiment is shown, which provides an insulating element 6, which extends in height over two layers of insulating panels 17 and otherwise has an inclined surface 31 which is disposed opposite the side surface 14, the at the side surfaces 19 of the insulation panels 17 is flush.

In addition to the embodiments described above, there is also the possibility that the insulating layer 5 consists of more than two layers of insulating panels 17. Of course, the arrangement of Gefälledämmplatten 8 on the uppermost layer of insulating panels 17 is also possible and provided in the embodiment of Figure 16.

It can also be seen in FIG. 17 that the insulating element 6, which adjoins, for example, an attic 32, is arranged in comparison to that on the opposite side of the drainage opening 8 Insulating element 6 has greater slope. Both slopes are used to supply any precipitation water quickly and directly to the drainage opening 8, which extends with a pipe section 33 through the roof closure 2.

Furthermore, it can be seen that the layer 13 is flush with the large surface of the arranged next to the insulating element 6 insulating plate 17, so that there is a flat surface of the insulating layer 5, which is free of protrusions, which may be designed as tripping hazards.

FIG. 17 further shows that the layer 13 of the insulating element 6 arranged in the area of the attic 32 is guided over the large surface of the insulating element 6 approximately to the tube section 33, so that the layer 13 with a partial area directly on the surface 3 or one thereon arranged foil seal rests. As a result of this configuration, in particular the sensitive edge region of an insulating element 6 made of mineral fibers is additionally protected against damage.

FIG. 18 shows a further embodiment of a roof 1 with a roof end 2, which consists of a plurality of trapezoidal sheets 26 and a foil covering 4 arranged thereon. In addition to the usual insulating panels 17, consisting of mineral fibers bound with binders, FIG. 18 shows an insulating element 6 consisting of a first layer 11 formed as an insulating body and a second layer 13 of sorel cement arranged thereon, the second layer 13 having a first layer 11 and thus the insulating body has increased compressive strength and bending strength. The insulating element 6 has a gradient, wherein the insulating element 6 with its highest side surface 14 is flush with the adjacent insulation board 17, so that a seamless transition between the large surface of the insulation board 17 of the second layer 13 of the Dämmelements 6 is given.

Furthermore, FIG. 18 shows the combination of an insulating panel 17, which in itself consists of mineral fibers bound with binders and an insulating element 6 arranged next to it, which is sandwiched and has a central insulating body 11, which in each case has a second one on its two large surfaces Layer 13 of Sorelzement has.

From these insulating elements 6 with the two second layers 13 of Sorelzement can be in a simple and effective way a walking and / or track Training on a roof 1. Of course, this is also possible with inclined insulating elements 6, as far as the inclination of the insulating elements 6 has an order of magnitude that allows the committing or driving safely such a trained surface.

Another embodiment is shown in FIG. FIG. 19 again shows the combination of insulating elements 6 with insulating panels 17, wherein the insulating panels 17 are designed in accordance with the preceding embodiments, in particular to FIG. 17. In addition, the roof 1 shown in Figure 19 is formed according to the roof 1 according to FIG 18.

In FIG. 19, a first embodiment of an insulating element 6 is shown in the left half, which consists of a cuboid-shaped layer 11 of mineral fibers bound in the form of an insulating material body with binders. The insulating body has on its the film seal 4 facing large surface on a second layer 13 of Sorelzement on. This second layer 13 is also formed cuboid with a small thickness. Finally, on the opposite surface of the Dämmstoffkörpers another layer 13 of Sorelzement arranged, which is formed in a partial region in cross-section substantially triangular with a consequently formed slope in the region of its large surface and in a partial region in cross section rectangular.

The thus formed insulating element 6 forms a Gefälledämmplatte. 9

In the right half of Figure 19, an alternative embodiment of such Dämmelements 6 is shown, wherein additionally below the lower second layer 13, a further layer 28 is arranged bound with binders mineral fibers. A further difference from the embodiment according to the left half of FIG. 19 is the embodiment of the insulating element 6 according to the right half of FIG. 19 in that the insulating body 11 is formed with a first layer 11 as a shaped body and in a partial area of its large surface facing away from the roof end 2 is formed with a slope. The arranged thereon second layer 13 is formed as a thin layer 13 of Sorelzement. The embodiments according to FIG. 19 can be combined with one another on a roof closure 2, so that the middle region of the adjacent insulating elements 6 forms a level walking and / or driving surface, while the edge regions of the adjacent insulating elements 6 are formed with a gradient, so that assign the two slopes to each other and consequently rainwater in the Derive middle region of the two adjacent insulating elements 6.

Another embodiment of a roof 1 with sloping insulation panels 9 is shown in FIG.

On a roof end 2, which is formed according to the roof end 2 in Figures 18 and 19, a first layer of insulating panels 17 is arranged. Between two insulating panels 17, an insulating element 6 is arranged, which has a first formed as an insulating body layer 11 and a layer 13 arranged thereon of Sorelzement, wherein the second layer 13 is aligned Sorelzement the roof termination repellent.

On the first layer of insulating panels 17, a second layer of insulating panels 17 is disposed in partial areas, of which only one insulating panel 17 is shown in Figure 20 in the right half of Figure 20 in Figure 20. Adjoining this insulation board 17 is a slope insulation board 9 which, in the region of its large surface having a slope, has a second layer 13 of corrosive cement which extends into the region of the large surface of the adjoining insulation board 17, so that the large surface area the insulating board 17 is partially covered by the second layer 13. The second layer 13 of this Gefälledämmplatte 9 covers the entire large surface and extends into the region of the second layer 13 of the underlying Dämmelements. 6

Further, Figure 20 shows a system of Gefälledämmplatten 9, each formed in two layers, said Gefälledämmplatten 9 each have a surface with a slope, which surface is covered with a second layer 13 of Sorelzement. The Gefälledämmplatten 9 are formed such that they form side by side to form a uniform and level slope. Here, the directly to the second layer 13 of arranged in the first layer of the insulating panels 17 Dämmelements 6 subsequent Gefälledämmplatte 8 is spaced from an oppositely disposed Gefälledämmplatte 9, so that between these two with the second layers 13 on the second layer 13 of the Dämmelements 6 arranged in the first layer of the insulation board 17 Gefälledämmplatten 9 a channel 34 is formed, which serves to dissipate precipitation water in a drainage opening, not shown. FIG. 21 shows a detail of a roof 1 in a perspective view. On a continuous insulation layer 5, consisting of insulation boards 17 and insulation elements 6 Gefälledämmplatten 9 are arranged, wherein each two superimposed Gefälledämmplatten 9, which are each formed pyramid-section-shaped a gradient element 35 form.

The gradient elements 35 are spaced from one another distributed over the insulating layer 5, wherein the gradient elements 35 adjacent to the lower Gefälledämmplatten 9 each to an insulating element 6, which insulation elements 6 are arranged adjacent to each other in a line with their narrow sides, so that the insulating elements 6 with their second Layers 13 of Sorel cement form a walking and / or track.

An embodiment of a roof 1 comparable to FIG. 22 is shown in FIG. 22, wherein it can be seen that the second layers 13 are arranged flat on a lower layer of insulating panels 17, wherein, of course, a connection between the second layers 13 and Insulation boards 17 can be made, which then on-site, that is, during the creation of the roof 1 is performed. Furthermore, FIG. 22 shows another insulating element 6 with a large surface which has an inclination relative to the large surface of the insulating panels 17, this large surface being covered by a second layer 13 of corrugated cement. The slope is oriented in the direction of the gradient elements 35, so that both the gradient elements 35 are aligned with the Gefälledämmplatten 9, and the insulating element 6 with the inclined large surface in a central region 7, but both slopes have a different inclination.

FIG. 23 shows a roof 1 with an insulating layer 5 made of insulation boards 17. On the parallelepiped-shaped insulating panels 17, a system of sloping insulation panels 9 is arranged in a partial area. The Gefälledämmplatten 9 form a total of a flat, inclined surface. In the middle region of the system of slope insulation panels 9 made of Sorel cement or with a layer 13 of Sorelzement arranged. This area forms a walking and / or driving way. It can be seen that the system consists of Gefälledämmplatten 9 a plurality of rows of juxtaposed Gefälledämmplatten 9, wherein the rows alternately have one or two Gefälledämmplatten 9 with a second layer of Sorelzement 13. The Gefälledämmplatten 9 of the adjacent rows are also arranged with gaps. A further embodiment of a roof 1 can be seen in FIG. An insulating layer 5 in turn consists of insulating panels 17 with cuboidal design. On the insulating panels 17 turn Gefälledämmplatten 9 are arranged, which form two systems which dewater in the region of a channel 34 by their inclination is aligned in the direction of the channel 34.

In the groove 34, a third system of Gefälledämmplatten 9 is arranged, which are formed as sandwich elements and therefore have a formed as a first layer 11 Dämmstoffkörper with an inclined surface. On the inclined surface, a second layer 13 of Sorelzement is arranged, wherein the two layers 11, 13 are interconnected.

FIG. 25 shows a development of the embodiment according to FIG. 24, wherein FIG. 25 shows only two slope systems 36, 37 which are arranged on large-sized insulation boards 17. The inclination of the slope systems 36, 37 are aligned at right angles to each other, wherein a first slope system 36 connects with its base to the side surfaces 14 of the second slope system 37. The slope systems 36 and 37 may be formed according to the embodiment of FIG.

In addition, in the transition between the first gradient system 36 and the second gradient system 37, throat elements 38 of mineral fibers bound with binders are arranged to prevent the accumulation of precipitation water in this transitional area by diverting this precipitation water via the throat elements 38 in accordance with the slope of the slope insulation plates 9 of the gradient system 37 ,

It should be mentioned at this point that all the above-described insulating elements 6, Gefälledämmplatten 9, insulation boards 17 and insulation boards 27 and gradient elements 35 and / or throat members 38 are formed two or more layers, wherein at least a second layer 13 of sorber cement or a similar pressure and / or rigid material, so that the above-mentioned elements are basically walkable and / or passable, without the further provided Dämmstoffkörper these elements is damaged or destroyed.

An embodiment of a gradient system 37 comparable to the embodiment according to FIG. 25 is shown in FIG. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 25, the embodiment according to FIG. 27 provides that the Kehlelemente 38 are part of the Gefälledämmplatten 9. The Gefälledämmplatten 9 and the throat members 38 are thus formed as a shaped body.

In the same way, FIGS. 30 and 31 also show corresponding gradient systems 36 and 37, whereby FIG. 30 shows a gradient system 37, which is inclined in two opposite directions. Figure 31 shows such a slope system 36 which is formed inclined in one part in two directions, while another portion is formed inclined only in one direction, including the slope system 36 different Gefälledämmplatten 8 integrally arranged thereon Kehl elements 38 provides.

A further advantageous embodiment of the roof 1 is shown in FIG. Evident is an insulating layer 5 of insulating panels 17, on which a second insulating layer 5 is disposed of insulating panels 17, said second, upper insulating layer 5 is formed of thinner insulating panels 17. The two insulating layers 5 are not formed coextensive. Rather, the upper insulating layer 5 is shorter than the lower insulating layer 5. In the front side region of the last insulating plate 17 and the upper insulating layer 5 is a Gefälledämmplatte 9 is arranged with a substantially triangular cross-section having a large surface on which a second layer 13 from Sorel cement is arranged. Incidentally, the Gefälledämmplatte 9 consists of an insulating body, which forms a first layer 11.

On the above-described insulating board 17 of the upper insulating layer 5, a further Gefälledämmplatte 9 is arranged, which substantially corresponds to the Gefälledämmplatte 9 described above and therefore in turn an insulating body as the first layer 11 and a second layer 13 of Sorelzement having on an inclined surface of the Insulating body is arranged.

To this Gefälledämmplatte 9 join further Gefälledämmplatten 9, wherein these subsequent Gefälledämmplatten 9 are formed of individual Dämmstofflamellen 39 having a grain perpendicular to the large surfaces and are connected to each other via the second layer 13 of Sorelzement. The longitudinal axis direction of these Dämmstofflamellen 39 thus extends substantially perpendicular to the large surfaces of the insulating body formed therefrom 11. Depending on the fire requirements, the individual Dämmstofflamellen 39 may also be glued complementary. Overall, a gradient over a great length of a roof 1 can be produced with this embodiment, without a large number of different Gefälledämmplatten 9 are required because a large part of Gefälledämmplatten 9 is composed of Dämmstofflamellen 39, which are identical, for example, in terms of their material thickness. A blank of this insulation slats 39 can be made on site. The design of such Gefälledämmplatten 9 serves to reduce costs when building a gradient roof system.

In FIGS. 28 and 29, slope systems 36 and 37 are again shown, wherein FIG. 28 shows two slope systems 36 on both sides of an insulating element 6 on an insulating body as the first layer 11 and a second layer 13 of corrugated cement. The slope systems 36 are arranged on insulating panels 17 which form an insulating layer 5.

In FIG. 29, additional angles of the slope systems 36 and 37 are shown. The angle α denotes the gradient of the slope system 37, while the angle β shows the gradient of the slope system 36. Here, the angle α is greater than the angle ß.

Finally, FIGS. 32 to 37 show different embodiments of a second layer 13 or of insulating elements 6 with a second layer 13. FIGS. 32 to 37 serve to explain the layer described above, in particular as a second layer 13 of sorel cement. The second layer 13 may, for example, according to Figure 32 consist of a Magnesialaminatplatte having at least one layer of a sheet-like reinforcement layer, which consists of textile glass, plastic and / or natural fibers. The fibers may be interwoven, felted or bonded together with the aid of binders. They have a loose construction in which the binder can easily penetrate or be pushed. The laminar reinforcement can be used alternately from one layer to another.

FIG. 33 shows a further embodiment of the second layer 13 which, in addition to the embodiment according to FIG. 32, has an externally applied separating layer 41. Such a separation layer 41 may be formed as a water vapor permeable layer and be formed for example by a plastic film, a glass fiber fabric, a fiberglass mesh, a random web of glass or plastic fibers or more such elements. The separating layer prevents undesired chemical interactions between the Contact surfaces of the second layer 13 with further structural elements of the roof 1. Further, the release layer 41 may have resilient properties to mitigate mechanical point loads. Such resilient separating layers

41 can serve because of their spatial effect for the discharge of penetrating rainfall, in particular of condensation.

FIG. 34 shows a sandwich element with a second layer 13, which is adhesively bonded to magnesia binder or other adhesives by means of magnesia binders or other adhesives reinforced or filled with individual fibers and / or granular to fine-grained aggregates or flours. Here, an interface 43 is formed. The second layer 13 is on a first large surface of the shaped body

42 arranged. In addition, a second layer 13 can also be arranged on the second large surface of the shaped body 42, which coincides identically with the second layer 13 arranged on the first large surface or is deviating therefrom. In particular, this additional second layer 13 may be formed according to FIGS. 32 and 33 and have a reinforcement layer 40. Of course, there is also the possibility that a plurality of reinforcing layers 40 are embedded in the second layer 13 of magnesia.

In FIGS. 35 to 37, insulating elements 6 are again shown, which are formed with corresponding supports according to FIG. 34 and furthermore have second layers 13 according to FIGS. 32 and 33, respectively. FIG. 35 shows in this regard an insulating element 6 formed on both large surfaces with a second layer 13, while FIG. 36 shows an insulating element 6 in which a corresponding second layer 13 is arranged only on the inclined, large surface. Finally, FIG. 37 shows an insulating element 6, in which the second layer 13 is an integral part of the insulating element 6, so that this second layer 13 is already incorporated in the insulating material body at the production side. The insulating body can in this case be formed both from mineral fibers bound with binders and from another insulating material, for example from magnesia in the form of a shaped body, as represented by the reference numeral 43 in FIG. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 roof 29 step

2 roof finish 30 step

3 Surface 31 Beveled surface

4 foil seal 32 Attic

5 insulation layer 33 pipe section

6 insulating element 34 gutter

7 middle section 35 gradient element

8 Drainage opening 36 Gradient system

9 slope insulation board 37 slope system

10 Surface 38 throat element

11 layer 39 insulating lamella

12 Surface 40 Reinforcement layer

13 layer 41 separating layer

14 side surface 42 molded body

15 cover 43 interface

16 arrow

17 insulation board

18 surface

19 side surface

20 base area

21 line

22 sockets

23 bearing surface

24 throat

25 tip

26 trapezoidal sheet

27 insulation board

28 shift

Claims

claims

An insulation panel for a sloping roof system comprising an insulating body having a flat base and a surface and side surfaces connecting the base to the surface, the base being anti-parallel to the surface such that the surface has at least one slope opposite the base. wherein the insulating body is sandwiched and at least a first layer having heat and / or sound insulating properties, in particular of mineral wool, preferably made of rock wool, characterized in that the first layer (11) is connected to a second layer (13) of the first layer (11) has different mechanical properties, in particular compressive strengths and / or bending strengths, and consists of a material deviating from the first layer (11) with at least a higher bending stiffness.

2. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that the base is formed at right angles, so that the side surfaces (14) are aligned at right angles to each other.

3. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that the second layer (13) is formed from a shaped body of pressure and / or bending-resistant material, in particular from a Magnesiabinder, for example, Sorelzement, or mixtures of binders with Magnesiabinder.

4. Insulating board according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least first layer (11) formed cuboid and on one, the at least second layer (13) forming moldings is arranged.

5. Insulating board according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least second layer (13) of parallelepiped-shaped and with one, the at least first layer (11) forming moldings is connected.

6. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating body has at least one side surface parallel to the inclination (14), which is aligned at a different angle from the right angle to the base.

7. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that the side surfaces (14) have at least a height of 5 mm.

8. Insulating board according to claim 3, characterized in that the formed of mineral wool first layer (11) has a fiber flow in the direction of the surface (12).

9. insulation board according to claim 3, characterized in that the second layer consisting of pressure-resistant material (13) has at least one planar reinforcement (40) made of woven fabrics, fleeces, rovings made of glass, plastic and / or natural fibers.

10. Insulating board according to claim 3, characterized in that the second layer consisting of pressure-resistant material (13) additionally comprises proportions of water glass, organically modified silicates (ormosils), silica glass and / or plastic dispersions or emulsions.

11. Insulating board according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressure-resistant material second layer (13) has at least one inner reinforcement (40) made of textile, glass and / or mineral wool fibers.

12. Insulating board according to claim 11, characterized in that the pressure-resistant material consisting of second layer (13) up to 40% by mass, preferably up to 25% by mass textile, glass and / or mineral wool fibers.

13. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers (11, 13) connected to each other, preferably glued or laminated on each other.

14. Insulating board according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressure-resistant material, in particular from Magnesiabinder existing second layer (13) has fine-grained aggregates of brucite, aluminum hydroxide and / or titanium oxide, in particular in a proportion of up to 25% by mass.

15. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers (11, 13) are arranged flush with each other in a flush with each other.

16. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface (12) having the second layer (13) protrudes at least against a side surface (14) of the first surface having the base layer (11).

17. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface (12) having the second layer (13) has a thickness of about 2 mm to 25 mm, preferably from about 3 mm to 10 mm.

18. Insulating board according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressure and / or bending-resistant second layer (13) is formed differently thick depending on the mechanical loads occurring during use.

19. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that on the surface (12) of the insulating body, in particular on the second layer (13) a cover (15), in particular in the form of a random web of plastic fibers is arranged.

20. Insulating board according to claim 19, characterized in that the cover (15) protrudes beyond at least one, preferably two adjacent side surfaces (14) of the insulating body, preferably of the surface (12) having the second layer (13).

21. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one side surface (14) of the base surface having the first layer (11) is at least partially formed with a pressure and / or rigid coating, wherein the coating preferably material identical to the pressure and / or rigid second layer is.

22. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that the base surface having the first layer (11) is formed in several parts from segments.

23. Insulating board according to claim 22, characterized in that the segments of the first layer (11) are glued together and / or connected to each other via the bending and / or pressure-resistant second layer (13).

24. Insulating board according to claim 22, characterized in that the segments are arranged on a carrier layer and preferably connected to this, in particular glued.

25. Insulating board according to claim 24, characterized in that the carrier layer is made of a material suitable for heat and / or sound insulation, in particular of mineral fibers.

26. Insulating board according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating body has a first layer (11) with heat and / or sound insulating properties, in particular of mineral fibers, a second layer (13) arranged thereon of a pressure- and / or bending-resistant material, in particular from a Magnesiabinder, arranged thereon third layer (28) having heat and / or sound insulating properties, in particular of mineral fibers and finally a fourth layer of a pressure and / or bending resistant material, in particular from a Magnesiabinder.

27. Insulating board according to claim 26, characterized in that the first layer (11) is formed compressible.

28 insulating board according to claim 26, characterized in that the second layer (13) and the fourth layer material identical are formed.

29. sloping roof system for a flat or flat inclined roof, consisting of an insulating layer, preferably with the interposition of a film seal, in particular an air barrier, is arranged on a support, in particular a sub-roof of trapezoidal sheets, wherein the insulating layer composed of plate-shaped insulating elements and a roof outer skin is covered and wherein at least a portion of the plate-shaped insulating elements has an insulating body which is sandwiched and at least a first layer having heat and / or sound insulating properties, in particular mineral wool, preferably made of rock wool, characterized in that the second layer (13 ) of the first layer (11) has different mechanical properties, in particular compressive strengths and / or bending strengths, and consists of a material deviating from the first layer (11) with at least a higher bending stiffness.

30. sloping roof system according to claim 29, characterized in that on the support a plate-shaped insulating element (6) is arranged, which has at least one side surface (14) at an angle deviating from the right angle to one in the insulating layer (5) upper and one in the insulating layer (5) lower large surface of the Dämmelements (6) is aligned and that the lower large surface is formed larger than the upper large surface of the Dämmelements (6).

31. sloping roof system according to claim 29, characterized in that on the support a plate-shaped insulating element (6) having a side surface (14) is arranged, in particular a flush surface in cross-section substantially triangular or trapezoidal, at least one at an angle joins to the horizontal surface extending molding having.

32. sloping roof system according to claims 29 and 30, characterized in that the insulating layer (5) comprises a plurality, at least two layers of superimposed insulating elements, wherein the running at an angle side surfaces of the adjacent superimposed insulating elements are preferably aligned.

33. sloping roof system according to claims 29 and 31, characterized in that the insulating layer (5) comprises a plurality, at least two layers of superimposed insulating elements, wherein the substantially triangular or trapezoidal in cross-section shaped moldings adjacent stacked insulating elements extending at an angle to the horizontal Surfaces are preferably aligned.

34. sloping roof system according to claim 31, characterized in that the molded parts made of a suitable for heat and / or sound insulating purposes material and are formed in particular identical material with the insulating elements.

35. sloping roof system according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that the angle is <45 °.

36. sloping roof system according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that the angles of the superimposed insulating elements or moldings are formed to support towards smaller.

37. sloping roof system according to claim 31, characterized in that the molded parts with the side surface of the adjoining them Dämmelements and / or with the arranged in the below position arranged Dämmelements connected, in particular glued.

38. sloping roof system according to claim 31, characterized in that the insulating element in the region of its in the insulating layer upper curved surface and / or is preferably formed curved in segments.

39. sloping roof system according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that the side surface is arched, in particular concavely curved.

40. sloping roof system according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that at least one adjacently disposed on the side surface of the molding surface and / or the adjacently disposed Dämmelements has at least in partial areas a pressure and / or bending-resistant layer.

41. sloping roof system according to claim 40, characterized in that extending the pressure and / or bending-resistant layer (13) over a part of the side surface (14).

42. sloping roof system according to claim 40, characterized in that the pressure and / or bending-resistant layer (13) on the side surface (14) extends to the support and is preferably arranged on a portion of the support.

43. sloping roof system according to claim 29, characterized in that the insulating element has two large surfaces, each having a layer (13) of one of the first layer (11) with heat and / or sound insulating properties deviating material having at least higher bending stiffness.

44. sloping roof system according to claim 29, characterized in that a large surface of the Dämmstoffkörpers is formed as a flat base, which is arranged in anti-parallel at least one inclination to a second large surface of the Dämmstoffkörpers, wherein the insulating body side surfaces (14), which Connect base with the second large surface.

45. sloping roof system according to claim 44, characterized in that the base surface is formed at right angles, so that the side surfaces (14) are aligned at right angles to each other.

46. sloping roof system according to claim 29, characterized in that the second layer (13) is formed from a shaped body of pressure and / or bending-resistant material, in particular from a Magnesiabinder, for example from Sorelzement, or mixtures of binders with Magnesiabinder.

47. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the at least first layer (11) formed cuboid and on a, at least the second layer (13) forming moldings is arranged.

48. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the at least second layer (13) is cuboid and connected to a, the at least first layer (11) forming moldings.

49. sloping roof system according to claim 44, characterized in that the insulating body has at least one parallel to the inclination side surface (14) which is aligned at a different angle from the right angle to the base.

50. sloping roof system according to 44, characterized in that the side surfaces (14) have at least a height of 5 mm.

51. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the formed of mineral wool first layer (11) has a fiber flow in the direction of the surface.

52. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the second layer consisting of pressure-resistant material (13) has at least one planar reinforcement (40) made of fabrics, fleeces, rovings made of glass, plastic and / or natural fibers.

53. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the second layer consisting of pressure-resistant material (13) additionally comprises proportions of water glass, organically modified silicates (Ormosile), silica glass and / or plastic dispersions or emulsions.

54. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the second layer consisting of pressure-resistant material (13) has at least one internal reinforcement made of textile, glass and / or mineral wool fibers.

55. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the pressure-resistant material second layer (13) up to 40% by mass, preferably up to 25% by mass textile, glass and / or mineral wool fibers.

56. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the layers (11, 13) connected to each other, preferably glued or laminated on each other.

57. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the pressure-resistant material, in particular from Magnesiabinder existing second layer (13) has fine-grained aggregates of brucite, aluminum hydroxide and / or titanium oxide, in particular in a proportion of up to 25% by mass ,

58. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the layers (11, 13) are arranged flush with each other flush with each other.

59. sloping roof system according to claim 44, characterized in that the surface having the second layer (13) protrudes at least with respect to a side surface (14) of the first surface having the base layer (11).

60. sloping roof system according to claim 44, characterized in that the surface having the second layer (13) has a thickness of about 2 mm to 25 mm, preferably from about 3 mm to 10 mm.

61. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized the pressure-resistant and / or bending-resistant second layer (13) has a different thickness as a function of the mechanical loads occurring during use.

62. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that on the surface of the Dämmstoffkörpers, in particular on the second layer (13) a cover (15), in particular in the form of a random web of plastic fibers is arranged.

63. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that the cover (15) via at least one, preferably two adjacent side surfaces (14) of the Dämmstoffkörpers, preferably the surface having the second layer (13) protrudes.

64. sloping roof system according to claim 29 or 44, characterized in that at least one side surface (14) of the base surface having the first layer (11) is at least partially formed with a pressure and / or rigid coating, wherein the coating preferably material identical to the pressure - and / or rigid second layer is.

65. sloping roof system according to claim 44, characterized in that the base surface having the first layer (11) is formed in several parts of segments.

66. sloping roof system according to claim 65, characterized in that the segments of the first layer (11) are glued together and / or connected to each other via the bending and / or pressure-resistant second layer (13).

67. sloping roof system according to claim 65, characterized in that the segments are arranged on a carrier layer and preferably connected thereto, in particular glued.

68. sloping roof system according to claim 67, characterized in that the carrier layer is formed from a suitable for thermal and / or Schalldämmzwecken material, in particular mineral fibers.

69. sloping roof system according to claim 29, characterized in that the insulating body, a first layer (11) with heat and / or sound insulating properties, in particular mineral fibers, a second layer arranged thereon (13) of a pressure and / or bending resistant material, in particular from a Magnesiabinder, arranged thereon third layer (28) having heat and / or sound insulating properties, in particular of mineral fibers and finally a fourth layer of a pressure and / or bending resistant material, in particular from a Magnesiabinder.

70. sloping roof system according to claim 69, characterized in that the first layer (11) is formed compressible.

71. sloping roof system according to claim 69, characterized in that the second layer (13) and the fourth layer are formed material identical.

72. sloping roof system according to claim 44, characterized in that the second surface has a plurality of levels of different inclination.

73. sloping roof system according to claim 29, characterized in that the first layer (11) and the second layer (13) are interconnected.

74. sloping roof system according to claim 29, characterized in that the second layer (13) is smaller in area than the first layer (11).