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EP2118431B1 - Drehwiderstandsbit - Google Patents

Drehwiderstandsbit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2118431B1
EP2118431B1 EP08725403A EP08725403A EP2118431B1 EP 2118431 B1 EP2118431 B1 EP 2118431B1 EP 08725403 A EP08725403 A EP 08725403A EP 08725403 A EP08725403 A EP 08725403A EP 2118431 B1 EP2118431 B1 EP 2118431B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
bit
axis
gauge
back rake
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08725403A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2118431A1 (de
Inventor
Robert M. Welch
Floyd C. Felderhoff
Michael L. Doster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baker Hughes Holdings LLC
Original Assignee
Baker Hughes Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baker Hughes Inc filed Critical Baker Hughes Inc
Publication of EP2118431A1 publication Critical patent/EP2118431A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2118431B1 publication Critical patent/EP2118431B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
    • E21B10/55—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits with preformed cutting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to rotary drag bits and, in particular, to an improved system, method, and apparatus for a rotary drag bit having gauge cutting elements configured at large back rake angles.
  • Earth-boring bits of the fixed cutter variety commonly referred to as drag bits, have no moving parts and employ an array of hard inserts to scrape and shear formation material as the bit is rotated in the borehole.
  • Inserts on prior art fixed cutter bits are typically aligned such that the inserts scrape the material from the borehole bottom.
  • the longitudinal axis of the insert is typically at a small acute angle (e.g., 0° to 30°) relative to the bit face.
  • Such an alignment places the cutting face of a cylindrically-shaped insert nearly perpendicular to the borehole bottom. The contact area between the cutting element and the formation starts out very small but increases rapidly as penetration or depth of cut becomes deeper.
  • EP 1 134 355 A2 is considered the closest prior art document and discloses a fixed cutter rotary drill bit having a bit body with a bit axis and a cutting profile defined about the bit axis, the cutting profile including a cone extending from the bit axis, a nose adjacent the cone, a shoulder adjacent the nose, and a gauge adjacent the shoulder, the gauge being on an outermost portion of the bit body relative to the bit axis and being adapted to engage a side wall of a bore hole during drilling operations, a plurality of cutting elements extending from the cone, nose, shoulder and gauge of the cutting profile.
  • the cutting elements extending from the gauge have a back rake angle of 20°.
  • EP 1 091 083 A1 discloses a bi-center bit comprising a bit body defining a pilot bit and an intermediate reamer section.
  • the reamer section defines leading and trailing upsets such that cutting elements positioned about said leading and trailing upsets and extending to the pass-through gauge define an effective back-rake angle of between 45° to 85°.
  • WO 03/031763 discloses a drill bit used for percussion drilling and having a bit body provided with a plurality of cutters mutually spaced along the bottom face of the drill bit. The cutters are fixed to the bit body at a back-rake angle of about 70°. However, no cutters are fixed at the gauge region of the drill bit.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a fixed cutter rotary drill bit which helps to ensure cutter loading in the gauge region when side impact forces are higher.
  • Embodiments of a system, method, and apparatus for a fixed cutter rotary drill bit having gauge cutting elements at large back rake angles are disclosed.
  • the gauge is located at the outer diameter side wall portion of the bit that extends from the cutting end. The gauge and its cutting components contact the side wall of the bore hole during drilling operations.
  • the gauge cutting elements may be configured at a back rake angle in a range of about 40° to 70°.
  • a very high back rake angle helps ensure compressive cutter loading when side impact forces are higher.
  • Bit 11 has a bit axis 12 and a threaded end 13 for connection into a drill string.
  • a cutting end 15 at a generally opposite end of the bit 11 is provided with a plurality of hard cutting elements 17 (e.g., polycrystalline diamond cutters, etc.) arranged about cutting end 15 to effect efficient disintegration of formation material as bit 11 is rotated in a bore hole.
  • hard cutting elements 17 e.g., polycrystalline diamond cutters, etc.
  • each cutting element 17 has a cylindrical base 19 with an axis 20, and is secured in a preformed pocket 21 provided on cutting end 15 and a cutting face 23 that engages the formation material.
  • cutting element 17 may comprise a frustoconical cutting end that forms a beveled edge adjacent the face 23.
  • Cutting element 17 acts somewhat like a plow that generally directs a high percentage of the material of the formation up its flat face.
  • profile 25 (approximately half of which is shown in FIG. 2 ) about bit axis 12.
  • profile 25 comprises various areas, including a cone 27, a nose 29, a shoulder 31, and a gauge or gauge pad or surface 33.
  • the gauge 33 is on a radially outermost portion of the bit body relative to the bit axis 12.
  • the gauge 33 essentially defines the flat, outer diameter side wall portion of bit 11 that extends from cutting end 15 ( FIG. 1 ).
  • the gauge 33 and its cutting components are proximal to and contact the side wall 34 (see FIG. 3 ) of the bore hole during drilling operations with bit 11.
  • a plurality of channels or grooves 35 extend from cutting end 15 through gauge 33 to provide a clearance area for the removal of cuttings and chips formed by cutting elements 17.
  • a plurality of cutting elements 17 are provided on gauge 33 of bit 11.
  • Active, gauge cutting elements 17 on gauge 33 provide the ability to actively cut formation material at the side wall 34 ( FIG. 3 ) of the bore hole to provide dynamic stability and improved gauge-holding ability in earth-boring bits of the fixed cutter variety.
  • at least some of the gauge cutting elements 17 on gauge 33 may be ground flat at the outer diameter of bit 11 for some types of applications.
  • Bit 11 is illustrated as a polycrystalline diamond cutter (PDC) bit, but cutting elements 17 are equally useful in other fixed cutter or drag bits that include a gauge or gauge surface for engagement with the side wall of the bore hole. Examples include impregnated and natural diamond bit cutting elements.
  • Cutting element 117 is a conventional PDC cutting element and is cylindrical in shape.
  • Cutting element 117 has an axis 120 and a diamond table on its face 123 with an essentially circular cross-section.
  • Cutting element 117 has a cutter back rake angle 140 of 20°.
  • conventional cutter back rake angles of 5° to 30° also are known.
  • the circle 23 represents the face of cutting element 17 on the gauge 33.
  • a back rake axis 42 is shown as vertical in the drawing, and parallel to the gauge 33, bit axis 12, and the bore side wall 34.
  • a side rake axis 44 is perpendicular to axis 42, gauge 33, the bit axis 12, and the bore side wall 34.
  • both the back rake angle and the side rake angle of element 17 are zero.
  • face 23 extends in the plane defined by axes 42, 44, such that it is perpendicular to the gauge 33 and bore sidewall, and face 23 is parallel to axes 12, 42 and 44. Rotating the face 23 about axis 42 results in a modification to the back rake angle.
  • a positive back rake angle inclines the cutting face 23 away from the bit axis 12 and toward the borehole 34. Rotating the face 23 about axis 44 results in a modification to the side rake angle.
  • a positive side rake angle includes the cutting face 23 away from the drill string and toward the bottom of the bore hole.
  • one embodiment of cutting element 17 in accordance with the invention is shown with a relatively large positive back rake angle 42 of 40°, and a 0° side rake angle.
  • another embodiment of cutting element 17 is shown at a 65° back rake angle 42, and a 0° side rake angle.
  • the invention may comprise back rake angles of approximately 40° to 70°.
  • a very high back rake angle help ensures compressive cutter loading when side impact forces are higher. This is accomplished by lowering the y-component force (see, e.g., FIGS. 5 and 6 ) that results from side loads.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Drehbohrmeißel (11) mit feststehender Schneideinrichtung, der einen Meißelkörper mit einer Meißelachse (12) und ein um die Meißelachse (12) gebildetes Schneidprofil (25) aufweist, wobei das Schneidprofil (25) einen sich von der Meißelachse (12) erstreckenden Konus (27), eine an den Konus (27) angrenzende Nase (29), eine an die Nase (29) angrenzende Schulter (31) und ein an die Schulter (31) anschließendes Kaliber (33) einschließt, wobei das Kaliber (33) sich auf einem äußersten Abschnitt des Meißelkörpers relativ zur Meißelachse (12) befindet und für ein Angreifen an einer Seitenwand (34) eines Bohrlochs während Bohrvorgängen angepasst ist, wobei sich eine Vielzahl von Schneidelementen (17) von dem Konus (27), der Nase (29), der Schulter (31) und dem Kaliber (33) des Schneidprofils (25) erstreckt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eines der sich von dem Kaliber (33) erstreckenden Schneidelemente (17) einen Rückspanwinkel (42) in einem Bereich von 40° bis 70° aufweist.
  2. Drehbohrmeißel (11) mit feststehender Schneideinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Schneidelemente (17) aus der Gruppe ausgewählt sind, die aus Polykristallindiamant-Schneideinrichtungen (PDC) und Meißelschneidelementen aus imprägniertem und natürlichem Diamant besteht.
  3. Drehbohrmeißel (11) mit feststehender Schneideinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei wenigstens einige der sich von dem Kaliber (33) erstreckenden Schneidelemente (17) an einem Außendurchmesser des Meißelkörpers flach geschliffen sind.
  4. Drehbohrmeißel (11) mit feststehender Schneideinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei jedes Schneidelement (17) eine in einer Tasche (21) in dem Meißelkörper befestigte zylindrische Basis (19), eine Schneidelementachse (20) und eine Schneidfläche (23) mit einer abgeschrägten Kante aufweist.
  5. Drehbohrmeißel (11) mit feststehender Schneideinrichtung nach Anspruch 4, wobei sich die Schneidfläche (23) in einer Ebene erstreckt, die eine Rückspanachse (42) und eine zu der Rückspanachse senkrecht verlaufende Seitenspanachse (44) definiert, wobei sich sowohl die Rückspan- als auch die Seitenspanachse durch die Schneidelementachse (20) erstreckt und die Rückspanachse parallel zu einer Oberfläche des Kalibers (33) und der Meißelachse (12) ist, so dass ein positiver Rückspanwinkel an dem Kaliber die Schneidfläche weg von der Meißelachse neigt.
  6. Drehbohrmeißel (11) mit feststehender Schneideinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, wobei der Rückspanwinkel (42) 40° beträgt.
  7. Drehbohrmeißel (11) mit feststehender Schneideinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, wobei der Rückspanwinkel (42) 65° beträgt.
  8. Drehbohrmeißel (11) mit feststehender Schneideinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, der weiterhin ein mit einem Gewinde versehenes Ende (13) zur Verbindung in einen Bohrstrang umfasst und
    - wobei die Schneidelemente (17) sich von einem Schneidende (15) in dem Konus (27), der Nase (29), der Schulter (31) und dem Kaliber (33) des Schneidprofils (25) erstrecken, das Schneidende gegenüber dem mit einem Gewinde versehenen Ende angeordnet ist und das Kaliber sich auf einem radial äußersten Abschnitt des Meißelkörpers relativ zur Meißelachse (12) befindet.
  9. Drehbohrmeißel (11) mit feststehender Schneideinrichtung nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Vielzahl der Schneidelemente (17) sich von dem Schneidende (15) in dem Konus (27), der Nase (29), der Schulter (31) und dem Kaliber (33) des Schneidprofils (25) erstreckt, wobei jedes Schneidelemente eine zylindrische Basis (19), eine Schneidelementachse (20) und eine Schneidfläche (23) aufweist, wobei sich die Schneidfläche in einer Ebene erstreckt, die eine Rückspanachse (42) und eine zu der Rückspanachse senkrecht verlaufende Seitenspanachse (44) definiert, wobei sich sowohl die Rückspan- als auch die Seitenspanachse durch die Schneidelementachse (20) erstreckt und die Rückspanachse parallel zu einer Oberfläche des Kalibers (33) und der Meißelachse (12) ist, so dass ein positiver Rückspanwinkel an dem Kaliber die Schneidfläche weg von der Meißelachse (12) neigt.
EP08725403A 2007-02-12 2008-02-11 Drehwiderstandsbit Not-in-force EP2118431B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US88940307P 2007-02-12 2007-02-12
PCT/US2008/001764 WO2008100455A1 (en) 2007-02-12 2008-02-11 Rotary drag bit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2118431A1 EP2118431A1 (de) 2009-11-18
EP2118431B1 true EP2118431B1 (de) 2011-11-23

Family

ID=39530646

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08725403A Not-in-force EP2118431B1 (de) 2007-02-12 2008-02-11 Drehwiderstandsbit

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20080190670A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2118431B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101605962A (de)
AT (1) ATE534797T1 (de)
MX (1) MX2009008257A (de)
RU (1) RU2009133697A (de)
WO (1) WO2008100455A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10563463B2 (en) 2012-12-03 2020-02-18 Ulterra Drilling Technologies, L.P. Earth boring tool with improved arrangements of cutter side rakes

Families Citing this family (19)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9644428B2 (en) * 2009-01-09 2017-05-09 Baker Hughes Incorporated Drill bit with a hybrid cutter profile
US9464490B2 (en) * 2012-05-03 2016-10-11 Smith International, Inc. Gage cutter protection for drilling bits
CN103362444B (zh) * 2013-07-24 2016-10-26 中国地质大学（武汉） 一种切削-磨削翼片型油气钻井用钻头
US9739094B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2017-08-22 Baker Hughes Incorporated Reamer blades exhibiting at least one of enhanced gage cutting element backrakes and exposures and reamers so equipped
PL2865843T3 (pl) * 2013-10-28 2016-07-29 Sandvik Intellectual Property Udarowy świder wiertniczy ze zoptymalizowanymi słupkami zewnętrznymi
GB2520998B (en) 2013-12-06 2016-06-29 Schlumberger Holdings Expandable Reamer
US11530374B2 (en) * 2014-05-06 2022-12-20 Milliken & Company Laundry care compositions
CN104074465A (zh) * 2014-07-09 2014-10-01 江苏长城石油装备制造有限公司 一种用于刮刀切削牙轮的钻头
GB2528458A (en) * 2014-07-21 2016-01-27 Schlumberger Holdings Reamer
GB2528459B (en) * 2014-07-21 2018-10-31 Schlumberger Holdings Reamer
GB2528457B (en) * 2014-07-21 2018-10-10 Schlumberger Holdings Reamer
GB2528454A (en) * 2014-07-21 2016-01-27 Schlumberger Holdings Reamer
US10519722B2 (en) 2014-07-21 2019-12-31 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Reamer
GB2528456A (en) * 2014-07-21 2016-01-27 Schlumberger Holdings Reamer
CN106761424B (zh) * 2017-01-21 2019-04-12 四川川石·克锐达金刚石钻头有限公司 一种切削元件成对设置的pdc钻头
JP6543297B2 (ja) * 2017-05-31 2019-07-10 独立行政法人石油天然ガス・金属鉱物資源機構 Ｐｄｃビット
US11480016B2 (en) 2018-11-12 2022-10-25 Ulterra Drilling Technologies, L.P. Drill bit
CN113738285A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2021-12-03 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 具有切削脊和倾斜切削面的复合片及pdc钻头
RU2769009C1 (ru) * 2021-08-23 2022-03-28 Алексей Викторович Чихоткин Буровое долото

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US4440247A (en) * 1982-04-29 1984-04-03 Sartor Raymond W Rotary earth drilling bit
US5467836A (en) * 1992-01-31 1995-11-21 Baker Hughes Incorporated Fixed cutter bit with shear cutting gage
US5287936A (en) * 1992-01-31 1994-02-22 Baker Hughes Incorporated Rolling cone bit with shear cutting gage
US6332503B1 (en) * 1992-01-31 2001-12-25 Baker Hughes Incorporated Fixed cutter bit with chisel or vertical cutting elements
US6050354A (en) * 1992-01-31 2000-04-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated Rolling cutter bit with shear cutting gage
US5346026A (en) * 1992-01-31 1994-09-13 Baker Hughes Incorporated Rolling cone bit with shear cutting gage
US5443565A (en) * 1994-07-11 1995-08-22 Strange, Jr.; William S. Drill bit with forward sweep cutting elements
GB9420839D0 (en) 1994-10-15 1994-11-30 Camco Drilling Group Ltd Improvements in or relating to rotary drill bits
US6340064B2 (en) 1999-02-03 2002-01-22 Diamond Products International, Inc. Bi-center bit adapted to drill casing shoe
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US7455125B2 (en) * 2005-02-22 2008-11-25 Baker Hughes Incorporated Drilling tool equipped with improved cutting element layout to reduce cutter damage through formation changes, methods of design and operation thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10563463B2 (en) 2012-12-03 2020-02-18 Ulterra Drilling Technologies, L.P. Earth boring tool with improved arrangements of cutter side rakes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20080190670A1 (en) 2008-08-14
RU2009133697A (ru) 2011-03-20
CN101605962A (zh) 2009-12-16
ATE534797T1 (de) 2011-12-15
WO2008100455A1 (en) 2008-08-21
EP2118431A1 (de) 2009-11-18
MX2009008257A (es) 2009-08-12

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