Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
  • G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
  • G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
  • G07C5/0875—Registering performance data using magnetic data carriers
  • G07C5/0891—Video recorder in combination with video camera

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and a device for secure image acquisition out of a vehicle.
• a method having the features of the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus having the features of the preamble of claim 16 are out US 2006/0192658 A1 known.
• a tachograph with a first, volatile and a second, non-volatile memory.
• An image capture device generates images of the outside world of the vehicle.
• An accident detection device can detect an accident that the vehicle is experiencing a large delay or accident noise occurs. If this device detects an accident, the recorded data is written from volatile to nonvolatile memory. Data in non-volatile memory can not be overwritten.
• a "digital watermark" is generated in one embodiment, which prevents manipulation of the data in the non-volatile memory.
• a video system for a car is displayed. This includes at least one video camera that records the outside world of the vehicle. The recorded images are stored encrypted in a data memory on board the vehicle. It is examined whether an attempt has been made to subsequently manipulate the encrypted stored data.
• WO 2008/007878 A1 is a "black box system" known for a vehicle.
• An image capture device generates images of the surroundings of the vehicle.
• a GPS receiver measures the position of the vehicle.
• the recorded images are constantly stored in a volatile memory on board the vehicle and in an external memory.
• the volatile and a non-volatile memory are located in a memory unit on board the vehicle.
• the external memory is located outside of this data storage and also on board the vehicle and is z.
• An accident detection device is designed to detect whether the vehicle is currently involved in an accident based on noises, bumps, vibrations and angles of inclination. This accident detection device triggers a signal when it detects an accident. The signal triggers the generation of an "accident folder" in the nonvolatile memory. Data from the volatile memory is compressed and stored in the non-volatile memory.
• EP 1764749 A2 A tachograph for a car is introduced, which generates and stores images of the outside world in two different frame rates. During normal operation, the images are recorded and stored in a standard frequency. The generation of a signal causes a switch to a mode in which the images are recorded and stored at an increased frequency. The signal is triggered by another vehicle approaching the vehicle strongly. This approach is determined by a sensor for a magnetic field around the car.
• Tachographs for cars are also off US 2007/0046779 A1 .
• JP 2001/206253 A2 JP_2003 / 026053 A2 and JP2006 / 151006 A2.
• the invention has for its object to provide a method having the features of the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus having the features of the preamble of claim 16, which allow a rapid yet secure identification of the recorded object.
• the marking is available immediately after the generation of the backup signal.
• the saved image makes it possible to legally verify that the label has been recognized correctly.
• the coding of the identification does not necessarily have to be stored securely.
• the encoded stored identification can be determined at any time by re-evaluating the saved image stored so that the determined on board the vehicle identification does not need to be saved even saved. It is also possible, however, to store the identification saved.
• the evaluation of the at least one recorded image is preferably carried out before the data backup signal is generated.
• the marking is then available immediately after the signal generation and does not need to be calculated after the generation. This z. B. saved valuable time after an accident.
• the at least one identification determined on board the vehicle is transmitted to at least one external data memory, e.g. As a stationary data storage or data storage on board another vehicle transmitted.
• At least one external data memory e.g. As a stationary data storage or data storage on board another vehicle transmitted.
• the at least one image and the identification coding are transmitted to the external data memory and stored in this data memory.
• the transmitted and stored in the external data memory data are preferably also secured against manipulation.
• This embodiment also provides court-usable images when the mobile data memory in the vehicle is destroyed or stolen after the data transmission.
• the solution according to the device is on board a surveillance vehicle, z. B. a police vehicle.
• An occupant of the vehicle actuates the operator panel when he has detected a suspicious vehicle, eg. B. one whose driver is dangerous for traffic or who may not have paid a road toll.
• the invention is used in a road vehicle, z. B. in a police vehicle or in a privately used vehicle.
• An image pickup device is mounted from the inside on a window scabbard of the vehicle, preferably on a windshield or rear window. Alternatively, the image capture device may also be attached to the ceiling of the interior.
• the image capture device repeatedly takes pictures of the outside world of the vehicle. Preferably, the device takes in a fixed frequency, z. Every 15 seconds, pictures.
• the image capture device is rigidly connected to the vehicle and takes all images in the same direction relative to the direction of travel, for example, always backwards out of the rear window. It is also possible that the device rotates constantly and takes pictures in different directions.
• a commercially available digital camera is used. It is also possible to use a camcorder or a mobile phone with an image capture functionality.
• the image capture device preferably has a resolution of at least one million pixels ("pixels").
• the vehicle has a holder which is mounted inside a disk. Before driving, the driver inserts the image capture device into this mount and removes the device from the mount at the end of the ride.
• the imaging device may also capture images to the left or right to detect a side impact, or forward to detect an impact on a preceding vehicle or object or a collision with an oncoming vehicle.
• the image pickup device preferably has on the one hand its own voltage source z. B. in the form of batteries or rechargeable batteries. On the other hand, it is connected to the vehicle to be powered by electrical system of the vehicle with electrical energy.
• the vehicle is still a position measuring device. This measures the current position of the vehicle at each image acquisition time, for example in the form of geographic coordinates.
• the position measuring device is z. B. designed as a GPS receiver and belongs either to the image capture device or is designed as a separate device, which z. B. also has its own power source and is also connected to the electrical system.
• the vehicle also has a compass.
• This is also designed as a digital device and measures the direction in which the vehicle drives. From the direction of travel and the angle between the recording direction and the direction of travel, the recording direction in which the image recording device records images can be calculated.
• the vehicle may have a tilt measuring device which measures at least one inclination angle of the vehicle, for.
• a tilt measuring device which measures at least one inclination angle of the vehicle, for.
• the inclination angle of the vehicle relative to the horizontal the angle of inclination about a horizontal axis of rotation, the is perpendicular to the vehicle longitudinal axis, or about a horizontal axis of rotation parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis.
• the image recording device additionally includes the position measuring device.
• the digital camera or the cellular phone or camcorder used as the image capture device additionally has a GPS receiver.
• a speed gauge Onboard the vehicle is still a speed gauge, which measures the current speed of the vehicle above ground and calculates the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle. Furthermore, a digital clock continuously measures the time.
• a screen On board the vehicle is in one embodiment, a screen.
• This screen is either arranged so that it can be read by the driver of the vehicle, or so that an occupant of an object that has been recorded can read information displayed on the screen.
• the vehicle is still a digital tachograph.
• This includes a computer and a mobile data storage, both of which are mounted in the vehicle so that they can withstand the usual vibration during driving and moisture and temperature fluctuations without losing data.
• the digital tachograph for example, housed in a fixed housing and is connected via a data line to the image capture device.
• the digital clock is located z. In the digital tachograph.
• the tachograph is also connected to the speedometer.
• the image capture device, the position measurement device, the digital clock and the data memory are realized in the same mobile device. This mobile device is plugged into the holder before departure and taken out of the holder after the end of the journey.
• the images that the image acquisition device has generated are continuously stored.
• the arithmetic unit controls the storage.
• the time between generation and storage of the image is as short as possible.
• the computing unit and the mobile data memory may be located in the image capture device or configured as a separate device that is connected to the image capture device.
• the image and the information about the image are z. B. stored in a record or in a file.
• each recorded image is additionally searched for an identification of an object that is outside the vehicle.
• the object is z. B. another vehicle that was controlled by the accident opponent or a possible witness.
• the marking is z. B. the license plate of the other vehicle.
• the image includes an image of this object.
• a pattern recognition software This software automatically scans each captured and saved image for images of labels used to tag a captured object is. This evaluation is carried out continuously during the journey. First, the software looks for areas in the image that contain or may contain an image of a label. Subsequently, an OCR software decodes the image of the tag and thereby determines the sequence of characters that make up that tag. It is possible that the OCR software can only clearly identify part of a tag.
• Such pattern recognition is known as "Automated Number Plate Recognition”.
• a device which comprises an image capture device and which automatically monitors the movement of a vehicle.
• the images provided by the imaging device are evaluated to compute movement of the object.
• the images are transmitted to a control center, which identifies license plates in the images.
• an automatic recognition of license plates is performed.
• the mark is added to each picture or the markings recognized in the image.
• Each coding stores one coding in each case.
• the tag codings are preferably assigned to the picture.
• the object is identified by a set of feature values that were automatically detected in the images. For example, the license plate or the shape and color of the object are used as features.
• the evaluation delivers z. B. the result that another vehicle is too close up.
• each image and the associated image information are provided with a digital signature after being stored. From the data, a number is calculated and stored as part of the image information. For this purpose, a calculation rule is applied. The calculated number uniquely identifies the data. If only one bit in the data is changed, the calculation rule applied to the changed file returns a different number. If the calculation specification later returns the stored number, it can be shown that the data was no longer subsequently changed after saving. In particular, this makes it possible to prove that each stored image was not changed after the data backup signal had been generated.
• a unique identifier for the data memory and / or for the vehicle is also stored in the data memory.
• the images and image information and tag codings in the data memory are cyclically updated by newer ones Overwritten images and image information.
• N is a predetermined number and is z. B. chosen so that all images from the last 30 minutes in the mobile data storage are kept in stock.
• a new image and its image information overwrite the oldest of the already stored N images and image information.
• a new image, together with its image information then overwrites the oldest image and its image information if the memory space already stored in the mobile data memory has been utilized by the already stored images and image information up to a predetermined fill level.
• the vehicle further has a signal generator configured to generate a backup signal.
• the signal generator comprises a control unit, for. B. a button or a footswitch.
• the driver or another vehicle occupant triggers the manual generation of the backup signal with this control unit. For example, the driver notices that another vehicle is driving dangerously close or has already caused an accident.
• the generation of the backup signal causes the data memory to be put into a state in which manipulation of the stored data is prevented. Once the data storage has been placed in this secure state, it is not possible to save more data in it, nor possible to subsequently change the already stored data. Recording and saving pictures will be aborted. However, it is still possible to read the stored images and image information from the mobile data memory. A purely read access is thus still possible, so that the data can be read. In the saved state, the data store requires no energy.
• the mobile data memory is converted to the secure state in that any write access to the data memory is prevented.
• the data memory comprises a volatile and a non-volatile data memory ("volatile memory” and "non-volatile memory”).
• volatile memory volatile and a non-volatile data memory
• license plate codes are not stored in the non-volatile data memory, because they can be recovered from the non-volatile stored images at any time.
• the entire content of the data memory is provided with a digital signature as soon as the backup signal has been generated.
• the entire content of the mobile data storage is secured against manipulation.
• a Calculation rule calculates and stores a number that uniquely identifies the contents of the data store. For this purpose, in turn z.
• the method "Public Timestamp” or "USPS Electronic Postmark” applicable.
• This embodiment makes it possible to prove that the contents of the data memory were not changed after the data backup signal was generated. If the calculation rule later, z. B. in court, is applied again to the data storage content and provides the same number, it is proven that the data content has not been changed.
• a "public key infrastructure” is used.
• a public and a secret private key are used, both of which are associated with the tachograph and stored in a secure fixed data store outside the vehicle. If necessary, the secret key is used to read the data under supervision.
• the last deciphered and stored identifier is also displayed on the screen in the vehicle.
• the image capture device is directed backwards and takes pictures of subsequent vehicles.
• the pattern recognition software recognizes the tags of these subsequent vehicles.
• the license plate of the following vehicle appears on the screen.
• the driver of this subsequent vehicle can read the license plate of his own vehicle on the screen. As a result, he may be deterred from driving away.
• the marking, the encoding has been stored, is also shown in one embodiment on a screen that is connected to the vehicle.
• the markings, images and image information in the mobile data memory can be read out later. It is possible, however, that the event that led to the generation of the backup signal was an accident and that therefore rapid help and rapid intervention is needed so that this information is needed quickly. It is also possible that the mobile data storage will be stolen or destroyed at a later date.
• the generation of the data backup signal preferably triggers not only the transfer of the data memory into the secure state, but additionally the step that data from the mobile data memory is transmitted wirelessly to at least one external data memory.
• This external data storage is z. B. in a fixed center, z. B. in a rescue center, a police station or a fire station, or in another vehicle, eg. B. a police vehicle.
• the codings of those identifications which are stored in the mobile data memory after generation of the data backup signal are first transmitted wirelessly to the external data memory.
• the marking is started from the last recorded image, then the marking follows from the previously recorded image and so on.
• the marking In order to transmit the coding of the markings, only a small amount of bandwidth is required, so that the data transfer succeeds even with wireless transmission over an often disturbed channel quickly.
• the early transmission of the label allows z. For example, to search in good time for a car driver who has caused an accident and has committed a driver's escape. The identification which started for this search was already determined in the image before the data backup signal was generated and, after this generation, transmitted to the external data memory.
• the labeling need not necessarily be in a tamper-proof manner. Rather, can later reconstruct the label from the tamper-proof stored image to z. B. later verifying whether the license plate of a car, in an accident was involved, was transmitted, or a read error occurred, so that another license plate was transmitted.
• the transmission of the identification is preferably carried out without data backup, in particular without encryption.
• the transmitted identification coding is transmitted to a central database.
• the owners and tags of the objects are stored, z. As the holders and the registration numbers of road vehicles.
• the database is searched for the owner of the object with a label whose encoding has been transmitted, eg. B. after the holder of a car with a specific license plate.
• the codings of the identifiers are calculated before the generation of the data backup signal and transmitted after the generation.
• the following modification is also possible: Only the generation of the data backup signal triggers the step that the stored images are evaluated in order to decipher the markings of the objects imaged on the images. Codings of these markings are stored at least temporarily in the mobile data memory. The tag codings are then transmitted to the external data store beginning with the most recent tag.
• the entire contents of the data memory so all stored images and their Transmitted image information as well as the stored identification codes and digital signatures, wirelessly to the external data memory.
• this data transmission is performed secured, z.
• the data to be transmitted is provided with a digital signature.
• the last recorded image and its image information and label encoding are started, then the second most recent image and so on.
• This embodiment ensures that after an accident at least the last generated images are transmitted, even if the data transmission is interrupted thereafter.
• the data is transmitted by means of a suitable transmission method, e.g. UMTS.
• the external data memory is connected to a screen.
• the transmitted images are displayed, so that a human can evaluate them and initiate appropriate rescue measures.
• the tag is completed after transfer to the external data store.
• the image and the recognized part of the label are displayed on the screen.
• An operator evaluates the image, deciphers the label, and enters the decoded label into a data entry device.
• Such methods are used in the field of post-automation in order to be able to recognize the addresses of mailpieces by means of a video coding station if the addresses can not be automatically deciphered by OCR.
• An encoding of the identifier that the operator has entered is preferably stored in the external data memory and assigned to the image.
• the transmitted data can no longer be manipulated after storage in the external data memory.
• This is preferably again achieved by providing the transmitted and stored data with a digital signature, preferably with a number that uniquely identifies the data and that is calculated using a predetermined calculation rule.
• This calculation rule can be applied to the data again at any later time. If it supplies the same number, the stored data has not been changed.
• the tamper-proof stored data can be used for a legal dispute, z. B. with the accident opponent or insurance, use to clarify the accident.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
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• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

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Citations (11)

• 2009
  • 2009-03-18 EP EP09155552A patent/EP2104076A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

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