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EP2067942B1 - Procédé de transformation et de stockage d'énergie régénérative - Google Patents

Procédé de transformation et de stockage d'énergie régénérative Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2067942B1
EP2067942B1 EP20080015809 EP08015809A EP2067942B1 EP 2067942 B1 EP2067942 B1 EP 2067942B1 EP 20080015809 EP20080015809 EP 20080015809 EP 08015809 A EP08015809 A EP 08015809A EP 2067942 B1 EP2067942 B1 EP 2067942B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
pressure
energy
working medium
medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20080015809
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2067942A3 (fr
EP2067942A2 (fr
Inventor
Bodo Wolf
Walter Nestler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BW-Energiesysteme GmbH
Original Assignee
bw-energiesysteme GmbH
BW Energiesysteme GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by bw-energiesysteme GmbH, BW Energiesysteme GmbH filed Critical bw-energiesysteme GmbH
Publication of EP2067942A2 publication Critical patent/EP2067942A2/fr
Publication of EP2067942A3 publication Critical patent/EP2067942A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2067942B1 publication Critical patent/EP2067942B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K1/00—Steam accumulators
    • F01K1/12—Multiple accumulators; Charging, discharging or control specially adapted therefor
    • F01K1/14—Circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/12—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having two or more accumulators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for converting and storing regenerative or other cyclic electrical energy, e.g. obtained from solar radiation, wind and water power, from geothermal energy or waste heat from technical processes, for their use for the needs-based supply of electrical and thermal energy.
  • regenerative or other cyclic electrical energy e.g. obtained from solar radiation, wind and water power, from geothermal energy or waste heat from technical processes, for their use for the needs-based supply of electrical and thermal energy.
  • the field of application of the invention is the local municipal, commercial, industrial and other supply of electrical and thermal energy.
  • the state of the art of power supply is dominated by the central conversion of fossil fuels, hydropower and nuclear power into electric power in large power plants, and the transmission of electric power through electrical high and high voltage grids and their distribution across medium and low voltage grids.
  • the decentralized energy supply with its advantage of combined heat and power as well as the use of biogenic fuels is insufficiently used, given the possibilities available.
  • the Zeitschrift BWK - THE ENERGY SPECTRUM MAGAZINE 10 2006 pages 6 to 11 a high need for action in the field of cogeneration.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method which is suitable cyclically occurring electric energy, in particular regenerative Energy to transform into such forms of energy that can be economically stored for a sufficient amount of time and make it possible to provide electrical and thermal energy as needed.
  • this object is achieved by electric energy is converted into a combined energy system consisting of sensible and latent heat energy and latent mechanical energy, from the conversion of kinetic energy as needed electric energy, even with the extraction of heat energy, can be obtained.
  • the inventive method uses for storage of regenerative energy or other excess energy, a liquid in a reversible cycle as a storage medium, which cyclically mechanically in a pressure vessel filled with gas or vapor of a working fluid, which is under ambient pressure higher pressure, raised and then is reclaimed with the benefit of technical work, and is characterized in that the storage medium is raised in a first step, the loading, by supplying technical work in the pressure so that it displaces a pressure vessel located in the vaporous working agent and the steam the working fluid is condensed on surfaces which are indirectly cooled by the storage medium or another coolant and then stored in the liquid state, before it in a second step, the discharge, by indirect supply of heat of the storage medium or a s other heat carrier vaporized again, passed into the pressure vessel and the storage medium located there displaced under release of technical work from this again.
  • the use of water as the storage medium and of carbon dioxide as a working medium is preferred.
  • the economic advantage of the invention is that regenerative energy can be stored for a long time with low losses by conversion into mechanical and thermal energy, which enables demand-based supply of electrical energy and heat based on regenerative energy.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the site-independent application of the invention for the conversion of regenerative or other excess energy into storable mechanical energy and its re-conversion into electrical energy for on-demand care.
  • the storage medium water has a temperature of 10 ° C and is located in the basin 1.
  • the Druckwasse r Grande 4 is under a pressure of 45 bar and is filled with carbon dioxide vapor.
  • the pump 2 removes the water from the tank 1 and raises the water pressure to 45 bar and then sliding on the required for the heat transfer to the storage medium water condensation pressure of 55 bar.
  • the pressurized water flows through the recuperator 3 and displaces the carbon dioxide vapor from the pressurized water reservoir 4.
  • the displaced carbon dioxide vapor flows through the recuperator 3 and condenses there under a pressure of 54.7 bar, corresponding to a condensation temperature of 18 ° C with delivery of his Condensation heat to the water, whereby the water temperature rises by about 6 K.
  • the now liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the working fluid reservoir 5.
  • the vapor space 6 of the working fluid accumulator 5 is connected for the purpose of pressure equalization with the recuperator 3 and the pressurized water reservoir 4.
  • the volume difference between liquid and vapor carbon dioxide is at a condensation temperature of 18 ° C 4.3 m 3 / t, so that per ton of carbon dioxide 4.3 m 3 of water can be stored under a pressure of 54.7 bar.
  • the discharge begins with the discharge of the water from the pressurized water reservoir 4 via the recuperator 3 and the pressurized water turbine 7, which leads to flash evaporation of carbon dioxide in the working fluid accumulator 5 and the supply of liquid carbon dioxide from the working fluid accumulator 5 to the recuperator third
  • the working fluid in the working fluid reservoir cools to 10 ° C., corresponding to a vapor pressure of 45 bar.
  • This pressure is maintained in the system by the transfer of heat from the pressurized water to liquid carbon dioxide in the recuperator 3, whereby the water cools back to 10 ° C.
  • the TKV-E process achieves a clear procedural superiority over pumped storage plants at locations where waste heat is available, which is usually discharged to the environment via recooling plants.
  • An application example of this type shows FIG. 2 ,
  • the water conveyed by the pressurized water pump 2 displaces the carbon dioxide vapor from the pressurized water reservoir 4 past the turbomachine 8 as far as the recuperator 3 during loading.
  • the working medium does not give off its heat of condensation to the storage medium water, but to the recooling 10 from.
  • the condensation temperature should also be 18 ° C, which requires a cooling water temperature of about 15 ° C and a water pressure of about 55 bar.
  • the accumulating in the recuperator 3 liquid carbon dioxide is stored in the working fluid storage 5. The loading is completed when the pressurized water tank is filled with water.
  • the discharge begins with the supply of carbon dioxide from the working fluid accumulator 5 to the recuperator 3 by means of a pump, where the carbon dioxide is evaporated by supplying heat of the waste heat source 9, for example under a pressure of 80 bar and superheated.
  • the carbon dioxide then flows into the pressurized water reservoir 4 and presses the water at a pressure of 80 bar via the pressurized water turbine 7.
  • the ratio of discharge to charge pressures is 45 bar to 55 bar, which corresponds to a ratio of 0.82
  • variant 2 achieves a pressure ratio of 80 to 55 bar, resulting in a pressure ratio of 1.45, which increases the working capacity of the pressurized water from 1.20 to 2.1 kWh / t of water. This results in a reduction in the volume of the pressurized water storage tank by about 40% with the same energy potential.
  • FIG. 2 shows, possible to switch between the recuperator 3 and the pressurized water storage 4, a machine 8, which lowers the pressure in the pressurized water reservoir 4 during loading or increases during discharge.
  • the expediency of this measure is to be evaluated on a business-specific basis.
  • This variant of the method according to the invention is an alternative for a conventional heat-conducting cogeneration plant, which is e.g. a heat storage and / or a heating network with a flow temperature of 120 to 150 ° C and a return temperature of 50 to 60 ° C fed.
  • a conventional heat-conducting cogeneration plant which is e.g. a heat storage and / or a heating network with a flow temperature of 120 to 150 ° C and a return temperature of 50 to 60 ° C fed.
  • the loading of the heat accumulator 4 takes place with the aid of a heat pump process, the machine 7 sucks and compresses carbon dioxide vapor from the recuperator 3.
  • the liquid carbon dioxide required for the evaporation is fed to the recuperator 3 from the working fluid accumulator 5.
  • the heat required for the evaporation of the carbon dioxide provides the waste heat source 2 via the recuperator 3.
  • the compressed in the compressor 7 carbon dioxide heat heats up in the recuperator 9 that the heat accumulator 4 and / or the heating network 10 removed and fed back after heating.
  • the carbon dioxide cools down here, is expanded and liquefied via the expansion turbomachine 8, before it is again fed to the working fluid accumulator 5 and at the beginning of the new cycle to the recuperator 3.
  • Recuperator 9, expansion machine 7, recuperator 3 and recooling 1 form during the discharge of the heat accumulator a low temperature power process, which can achieve a degree of recovery of 50 to 70% in the prior art, based on the supplied during loading electric power in condensation operation without heat extraction.
  • a coefficient of performance (decoupled heating to energy used for the loading) of up to more than 4 can be achieved. Assuming that 50% of the electrical energy supplied to the process during loading is used for the heat supply and the other 50% for the recovery of electricity, then this variant of the TKV CHP process as a combined heat and power plant in practical operation, a coefficient of performance (recovered electric energy plus emitted process and heating heat to supplied electric energy) of 2.0 to 2.5.
  • This variant of the method according to the invention is a coupling of Examples 1 and 2.
  • the system thus has a pressurized water and a heat storage.
  • the pump 13 presses water into the standing under carbon dioxide vapor water storage 12.
  • the displaced carbon dioxide vapor is condensed in the subcritical state either in the recuperator 3 by dissipating heat to the recooling unit 1 and stored in the liquid state in the working fluid storage 5, or fed to the compressor 7 and there compressed to supercritical pressure in the recuperator 9 by heat to the Heat storage 4 or the heating network 10 cooled, then relaxed in the expansion turbomachine 8 with the release of technical work, liquefied and then also fed to the working fluid accumulator 5.
  • the carbon dioxide vapor is passed into the pressurized water reservoir 12, from which it presses the water with the release of technical work on the pressurized water turbine 14 in the pool 15 and / or used via the compressor 7 and the recuperator 9 to supply the heating network 10 with process and heating before it is relaxed and liquefied as supplied to the working fluid accumulator 5 as in the loading in the expansion turbomachine 8 under delivery of technical work.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour convertir et emmagasiner de l'énergie renouvelable ou une autre énergie excédentaire, dans lequel un fluide est utilisé dans un cycle réversible comme fluide de stockage, caractérisé en ce que le fluide de stockage est refoulé mécaniquement de façon cyclique dans un récipient sous pression qui est rempli de gaz ou de vapeur d'un fluide de travail qui est sous une pression supérieure à celle de l'environnement, puis il est déchargé en produisant un travail technique, la pression du fluide de stockage étant augmentée dans une première étape, le chargement, par apport de travail technique de telle sorte que le fluide de stockage s'écoule dans un récipient sous pression en chassant un fluide de travail qui s'y trouve sous forme vapeur, et la vapeur du fluide de travail se condense sur des surfaces qui sont refroidies indirectement par le fluide de stockage ou un autre fluide de refroidissement, puis il est stocké à l'état liquide avant d'être à nouveau vaporisé dans une deuxième étape, la décharge, par apport indirect de chaleur provenant du fluide de stockage ou d'un autre élément caloporteur, il est conduit dans le récipient sous pression et le fluide de stockage qui s'y trouve, et qui assure la vaporisation du fluide de travail en lui transférant de la chaleur, en est chassé en fournissant un travail technique.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que de l'eau est utilisée comme fluide de stockage.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que du gaz carbonique est utilisé comme fluide de travail.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la chaleur de condensation du fluide de travail durant le chargement est transférée à un dissipateur thermique externe.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la vaporisation du fluide de travail durant le déchargement est réalisée par un apport de chaleur externe.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pression du fluide de travail dans le récipient sous pression durant le chargement est abaissée par aspiration.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pression du fluide de travail durant le chargement est augmentée par compression.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pression du fluide de travail présent sous forme de vapeur durant le déchargement après l'apport de chaleur est abaissée en dégageant une énergie mécanique avant son introduction dans le récipient sous pression rempli de fluide de stockage.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pression du fluide de travail vaporisé par l'apport d'énergie thermique externe est augmentée en apportant de l'énergie mécanique, puis le fluide de travail est conduit dans le récipient sous pression avec ou sans décharge d'énergie thermique.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la vaporisation du fluide de travail est réalisée à un niveau de température tel que celui nécessaire pour des procédés de refroidissement ou de congélation.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que de la chaleur est apportée directement au réservoir de fluide de travail durant le chargement du réservoir d'eau sous pression.
EP20080015809 2007-09-25 2008-09-09 Procédé de transformation et de stockage d'énergie régénérative Not-in-force EP2067942B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710045888 DE102007045888B4 (de) 2007-09-25 2007-09-25 Verfahren zur Umwandlung und Speicherung von regenerativer Energie

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2067942A2 EP2067942A2 (fr) 2009-06-10
EP2067942A3 EP2067942A3 (fr) 2011-02-09
EP2067942B1 true EP2067942B1 (fr) 2012-08-29

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EP20080015809 Not-in-force EP2067942B1 (fr) 2007-09-25 2008-09-09 Procédé de transformation et de stockage d'énergie régénérative

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DE (1) DE102007045888B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010056421A1 (de) 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 Bpg Beteiligungs Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum zeitweiligen Speichern von Energie aus regenerativen Energiequellen
AT511077B1 (de) * 2011-08-16 2012-09-15 Seyfried Andrea Mag Hochdruck-gas-antriebseinheit
DE102011122611A1 (de) 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Heralt Schöne Verfahren und Anordnung zur Umwandlung und Speicherung von regenerativer oder anderer Energie
WO2014040989A2 (fr) * 2012-09-14 2014-03-20 Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh Procédé de production d'acier
DE102013006725B4 (de) 2013-04-19 2015-05-28 Bw-Energiesysteme Gmbh Verfahren zur Speicherung und Rückgewinnung von Elektroenergie, Wärme und Wasser durch Absorption und Desorption von Wasser
DE102012021909B4 (de) 2012-11-09 2015-01-29 Bodo M. Wolf Verfahren zur Transformation und Speicherung von regenerativer Energie und Abwärme durch Absorption und Desorption von Wasser
DE102013015137A1 (de) 2013-09-13 2015-03-19 Bw-Energiesysteme Gmbh Verfahren zur Umwandlung und Speicherung von Energie
DE102014002678B4 (de) 2014-02-28 2017-05-24 Bw-Energiesysteme Gmbh Verfahren zur Speicherung von Energie in Lauge
DE102015005345A1 (de) * 2015-04-28 2016-11-03 Bw-Energiesysteme Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu Energiespeicherung mit Luft
CN107101408A (zh) * 2017-06-15 2017-08-29 周登荣 一种用于二氧化碳为媒介的调温系统
IT201900002385A1 (it) * 2019-02-19 2020-08-19 Energy Dome S P A Impianto e processo per l’accumulo di energia
DE102020103498B4 (de) 2020-02-11 2025-02-27 Hochschule Nordhausen Verfahren zur Speicherung und Rückgewinnung von elektrischer Energie
CN117433344A (zh) * 2023-11-15 2024-01-23 百穰新能源科技(深圳)有限公司 以水为换热介质的保压储热组件及其控制方法和水储释热组件

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2942411A (en) * 1957-07-25 1960-06-28 Pure Oil Co Apparatus for the utilization of solar energy
DE2204483A1 (de) * 1972-01-31 1973-08-09 Mcalister Roy E Hydrostatischer antrieb zum umwandeln von waerme in mechanische energie
DE102006007119A1 (de) 2006-02-16 2007-08-23 Wolf, Bodo M., Dr. Verfahren zur Speicherung und Rückgewinnung von Energie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102007045888B4 (de) 2010-04-15
EP2067942A3 (fr) 2011-02-09
DE102007045888A1 (de) 2009-04-02
EP2067942A2 (fr) 2009-06-10

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