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EP2053340B1 - Flat compound armour element - Google Patents

Flat compound armour element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2053340B1
EP2053340B1 EP20080018140 EP08018140A EP2053340B1 EP 2053340 B1 EP2053340 B1 EP 2053340B1 EP 20080018140 EP20080018140 EP 20080018140 EP 08018140 A EP08018140 A EP 08018140A EP 2053340 B1 EP2053340 B1 EP 2053340B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite
armouring element
composite armouring
protected
composite armor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20080018140
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2053340A3 (en
EP2053340A2 (en
Inventor
Norbert Keil
Jürgen Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KNDS Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2053340A2 publication Critical patent/EP2053340A2/en
Publication of EP2053340A3 publication Critical patent/EP2053340A3/en
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Publication of EP2053340B1 publication Critical patent/EP2053340B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0428—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a planar composite armor element, in particular for ballistic armoring of vehicles and buildings or other objects, with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1, a method for producing such a composite armor element and a vehicle with a surface to be protected, protected with a composite armor element is.
  • Composite armor elements such as composite armor plates, which consist of a composite of several materials are known per se. Often composite armor plates are constructed such that between two flat, parallel, rigid plate elements high-strength filling elements are introduced, which are then encapsulated with a pourable mass.
  • the DE 1 578 324 A1 describes such a rigid composite armor plate, being used as filling elements balls or cylinders made of a hard ceramic material.
  • the cylinders are arranged in rows in the plate in several discontinuous layers or layers, ie their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to the plane of the plate and parallel to each other.
  • the cylinders are further spaced apart using a plurality of layers of spacer material such that each layer of spacer material is alternately wound over and under the cylinders in their respective locations.
  • the DE 10 2005 050 981 A1 describes a planar composite armor plate for projectile protection, which comprises at least one layer of high-hardness rod-shaped elements arranged in rows next to each other in the plate such that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to the plane of the plate and parallel to each other, one row at least two in Axial direction one behind the other, rod-shaped elements, and wherein the joints between the rod-shaped elements within a row with respect to the joints of at least one adjacent row are arranged offset in the axial direction.
  • a composite armor plate for protection from projectiles which contains at least one layer of active bodies, which are arranged in rows next to each other in the plate and which are embedded in a matrix material, wherein the active bodies of a row are at least partially connected by webs fixedly connected to each other.
  • the basic idea described in the application is to connect the active bodies with, in particular, short and narrow webs to form longer rows and thus to create easily producible active-body chains. These are easier to handle in the context of the production of composite armor plate, as much fewer steps are necessary by reducing the number of parts.
  • no shock-absorbing materials need to be introduced between the active body, since the webs ensure a minimum gap between the active bodies and thus a shock absorption by means of the webs or the matrix material in the gaps between the active bodies.
  • Another composite armor plate which also contains at least one layer of active bodies, which are arranged in rows next to each other and embedded in a matrix material.
  • Composite armor elements are often applied later as additional armor to existing armor such as a combat vehicle to give the object to be protected increased security against attacks.
  • the surface to be protected may have a protruding outward elevation.
  • Such an outward elevation can be a bulge, for example a surface curvature or an inclined surface, a structural survey, such as welds or slugs, or an additional, outwardly projecting element, such as brackets or eyelets represent.
  • the arrangement of the active bodies within the composite armor element is adapted to the conditions prevailing in the object to be protected.
  • the composite armor element has at least one partial cutout, in which the active bodies within a layer are staggered in such a stepped manner that in this partial cutout the surface of the composite armor element facing the surface to be protected has a recess.
  • This indentation is in particular designed such that it is at least the size of a having outwardly projecting elevation of a surface to be protected.
  • the step height s of the offset is adapted to the survey. However, it should not be so high that the adjacent active bodies within a position are no longer adjacent.
  • the offset s / h, which is related to the active body height h, between two adjacent active bodies of a layer is preferably in the range from 1% to 98%. As a result, gaps between the active bodies can be avoided.
  • the offset is thus preferably designed such that in the height direction, no gap between two adjacent active bodies occurs.
  • the step height s is preferably smaller than the active body height h of the staggered active body.
  • the composite armor element preferably has a flat surface on the side facing the threat.
  • the invention also allows an optically uniform image of the protective elements used to be achieved with a high degree of protection.
  • the active bodies of a series are at least partially connected by webs chain-like or matrix-shaped firmly together.
  • Such an advantageous embodiment of the active body is mentioned in the already mentioned DE 10 2006 053 047 A1 described. All embodiments and combinations of composite armor plate described there with the corresponding advantages can also be applied advantageously in the present invention, so that these embodiments are hereby fully incorporated, in particular the design of the geometry and size of the individual active body, the design of the webs of the active body chains , or active body matrices, the configuration of the end faces of the active body, the materials used of the active body and the matrix material, the measures for shock absorption, the arrangement of the active body to each other and the structure of the composite armor plate.
  • An advantageous manufacturing method is also in the EP 1 959 223 A2 described, the content of which is hereby fully incorporated into the present application.
  • the active bodies have a uniform geometry, size and composition, so that the production is simplified, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • a polymeric matrix material is used.
  • At least one additional filler in particular of a metallic or non-metallic solid, is added to the matrix material.
  • the partial cutouts are filled in which there is no offset of the active body.
  • the filler can reduce the weight of the matrix material. For this reason, the filler preferably has a density of less than 3 g / cm 3 .
  • a weight reduction can also be achieved in that the filler is foamy (eg polyurethane foam), honeycomb (eg plastic honeycomb), powdered (eg glass microspheres, hollow glass microspheres or chalk powder) or fibrous (eg short fibers of glass, carbon or aramid), where he may also be liquid or gaseous.
  • foamy eg polyurethane foam
  • honeycomb eg plastic honeycomb
  • powdered eg glass microspheres, hollow glass microspheres or chalk powder
  • fibrous eg short fibers of glass, carbon or aramid
  • the invention also includes a vehicle, in particular a combat vehicle, with a surface to be protected, which has at least one area with an outwardly projecting elevation such as a bulge, a structural elevation or an additional, outwardly projecting element, wherein on the surface to be protected to protect a composite armor element according to the invention is arranged, wherein the partial section, in which the active bodies are arranged staggered in stages within a layer to each other, the area with the protruding outward elevation protects. Due to the locally variable geometry of the composite armor element vehicle-specific conditions of the area to be protected can be considered.
  • a method according to the invention for producing a composite armor element provides that, in the production, the area to be protected by the composite armor element is taken into account in such a way that the active bodies penetrate into the composite armor element be introduced that in the partial section of the composite armor element, which protects an area with an outwardly projecting elevation such as a bulge, a structural elevation or an additional, outwardly projecting element of the surface to be protected, the active body within a layer are staggered offset from one another ,
  • the composite armor element 10 is arranged as an additional armor plate on a protected surface 13 of steel armor of a combat vehicle not shown.
  • an eyelet 14 is welded as a protruding outward elevation, which is to be covered by the acting as an additional armor composite armor element.
  • a rigid, planar composite armor plate of the prior art With a rigid, planar composite armor plate of the prior art, a continuous covering of the surface 13 would not be possible because of the eyelet 14.
  • the end face 18 of the composite armor element facing the surface 13 to be protected faces 10 in the partial section T, which protects the region of the surface 13 with the eyelet 14, an indentation 19, which is designed and dimensioned such that it can receive the protruding outward elevation 14.
  • the active bodies 11 are staggered in the partial section T, offset in the direction of the surface normal n of the surface to be protected.
  • the active bodies 11 are first lined up and potted with a matrix material.
  • the introduction of this before or after the main grout may be useful.
  • Solids such as e.g. Balsa wood is ideally used as a fitting before casting.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein flächiges Verbundpanzerungselement, insbesondere zur ballistischen Panzerung von Fahrzeugen und Gebäuden oder sonstigen Objekten, mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Verbundpanzerungselements sowie ein Fahrzeug mit einer zu schützenden Fläche, die mit einem Verbundpanzerungselement geschützt ist.The invention relates to a planar composite armor element, in particular for ballistic armoring of vehicles and buildings or other objects, with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1, a method for producing such a composite armor element and a vehicle with a surface to be protected, protected with a composite armor element is.

Verbundpanzerungselemente, wie beispielsweise Verbundpanzerplatten, die aus einem Verbund mehrerer Materialien bestehen, sind an sich bekannt. Häufig sind Verbundpanzerplatten derart aufgebaut, dass zwischen zwei ebenen, parallelen, starren Plattenelementen hochharte Füllelemente eingebracht werden, welche anschließend mit einer gießfähigen Masse umgossen werden.Composite armor elements, such as composite armor plates, which consist of a composite of several materials are known per se. Often composite armor plates are constructed such that between two flat, parallel, rigid plate elements high-strength filling elements are introduced, which are then encapsulated with a pourable mass.

Die DE 1 578 324 A1 beschreibt eine solche starre Verbundpanzerplatte, wobei als Füllelemente Kugeln oder Zylinder aus einem harten keramischen Material verwendet werden. Die Zylinder werden in Reihen in der Platte in mehreren unterbrochenen Schichten oder Lagen angeordnet, d.h. ihre Längsachsen liegen im Wesentlichen parallel zur Plattenebene und parallel zueinander. Die Zylinder sind ferner in einem Abstand voneinander angeordnet, wobei mehrere Lagen aus einem Abstandsmaterial derart verwendet werden, dass jede Schicht aus Abstandsmaterial wechselweise über bzw. unter die Zylinder in ihrer betreffenden Lage gewickelt ist.The DE 1 578 324 A1 describes such a rigid composite armor plate, being used as filling elements balls or cylinders made of a hard ceramic material. The cylinders are arranged in rows in the plate in several discontinuous layers or layers, ie their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to the plane of the plate and parallel to each other. The cylinders are further spaced apart using a plurality of layers of spacer material such that each layer of spacer material is alternately wound over and under the cylinders in their respective locations.

Diese Anordnung der Füllelemente hat allerdings den Nachteil, dass besonders bei modernen, hochharten Geschosskernen, insbesondere bei vielen Treffern mit geringem Abstand (sog. "Mulit-Hit") , ein vorgezogener Bruch auftreten kann, so dass Durchschüsse auftreten können.However, this arrangement of the filling elements has the disadvantage that, especially in modern, high-hardness projectile cores, especially in many hits at a small distance (so-called. "Mulit-Hit"), an advanced break may occur, so that bullet holes may occur.

Die DE 10 2005 050 981 A1 beschreibt eine ebene Verbundpanzerplatte zum Schutz vor Geschossen, welche mindestens eine Lage aus hochharten, stabförmigen Elementen enthält, die in Reihen nebeneinander in der Platte derart angeordnet sind, dass ihre Längsachsen im Wesentlichen parallel zur Plattenebene und parallel zueinander liegen, wobei eine Reihe zumindest zwei in axialer Richtung hintereinander liegende, stabförmige Elemente aufweist, und wobei die Fugen zwischen den stabförmigen Elementen innerhalb einer Reihe bezüglich der Fugen zumindest einer benachbarten Reihe in axialer Richtung versetzt angeordnet sind. In einer besonderen Ausgestaltung weist die Mehrzahl der stabförmigen Elemente zur Schockdämpfung an einem Ende konvex gewölbte oder kegelförmig nach außen gerichtete Stirnflächen und am anderen, gegenüberliegenden Ende entsprechend konkav bzw. kegelförmig nach innen gerichtete Stirnflächen auf, so dass ein Ineinandergreifen der stabförmigen Elemente erreicht wird.The DE 10 2005 050 981 A1 describes a planar composite armor plate for projectile protection, which comprises at least one layer of high-hardness rod-shaped elements arranged in rows next to each other in the plate such that their longitudinal axes are substantially parallel to the plane of the plate and parallel to each other, one row at least two in Axial direction one behind the other, rod-shaped elements, and wherein the joints between the rod-shaped elements within a row with respect to the joints of at least one adjacent row are arranged offset in the axial direction. In a particular embodiment, the plurality of rod-shaped elements for shock absorption at one end convexly curved or conically outwardly facing end faces and on the other, opposite end corresponding concave or conical inwardly facing end faces, so that an engagement of the rod-shaped elements is achieved.

In der DE 10 2006 053 047 A1 wird eine Verbundpanzerplatte zum Schutz vor Geschossen offenbart, welche mindestens eine Lage aus Wirkkörpern enthält, die in Reihen nebeneinander in der Platte angeordnet sind und die in ein Matrixmaterial eingebettet sind, wobei die Wirkkörper einer Reihe zumindest teilweise durch Stege kettenförmig fest miteinander verbunden sind. Der in der Anmeldung beschriebene Grundgedanke ist, die Wirkkörper mit insbesondere kurzen und schmalen Stegen zu längeren Reihen zu verbinden und somit einfach herstellbare Wirkkörperketten zu schaffen. Diese sind im Rahmen der Herstellung der Verbundpanzerplatte einfacher zu handhaben, da durch die Reduzierung der Teileanzahl wesentlich weniger Arbeitsschritte notwendig sind. Zudem brauchen keine schockdämpfenden Materialien mehr zwischen die Wirkkörper eingebracht zu werden, da die Stege einen Minimalspalt zwischen den Wirkkörpern sicherstellen und damit eine Schockdämpfung mittels der Stege bzw. dem Matrixmaterial in den Spalten zwischen den Wirkkörpern erfolgt.In the DE 10 2006 053 047 A1 discloses a composite armor plate for protection from projectiles, which contains at least one layer of active bodies, which are arranged in rows next to each other in the plate and which are embedded in a matrix material, wherein the active bodies of a row are at least partially connected by webs fixedly connected to each other. The basic idea described in the application is to connect the active bodies with, in particular, short and narrow webs to form longer rows and thus to create easily producible active-body chains. These are easier to handle in the context of the production of composite armor plate, as much fewer steps are necessary by reducing the number of parts. In addition, no shock-absorbing materials need to be introduced between the active body, since the webs ensure a minimum gap between the active bodies and thus a shock absorption by means of the webs or the matrix material in the gaps between the active bodies.

Aus der WO 99/50612 ist eine weitere Verbundpanzerplatte bekannt, welche ebenfalls mindestens eine Lage aus Wirkkörpern enthält, die in Reihen nebeneinander angeordnet und in ein Matrixmaterial eingebettet sind.From the WO 99/50612 Another composite armor plate is known, which also contains at least one layer of active bodies, which are arranged in rows next to each other and embedded in a matrix material.

Verbundpanzerungselemente werden häufig nachträglich als Zusatzpanzerung auf bereits bestehende Panzerungen beispielsweise eines Kampffahrzeugs aufgebracht, um dem zu schützenden Objekt eine erhöhte Sicherheit gegen Angriffe zu geben.Composite armor elements are often applied later as additional armor to existing armor such as a combat vehicle to give the object to be protected increased security against attacks.

Nachteilig an den bekannten Verbundpanzerungselementen, die, über die Fläche gesehen, einen homogenen Aufbau aufweisen, ist, dass fahrzeugspezifische Gegebenheiten nur unzureichend berücksichtigt werden können. So kann die zu schützende Fläche eine nach außen abstehenden Erhebung aufweisen. Eine solche nach außen stehende Erhebung kann eine Ausbuchtung, beispielsweise eine Oberflächenkrümmung oder eine Schrägfläche, eine strukturelle Erhebung, beispielsweise Schweißnähte oder Butzen, oder ein zusätzliches, nach außen abstehendes Element, beispielsweise Halterungen oder Ösen, darstellen.A disadvantage of the known composite armor elements, which, seen over the surface, have a homogeneous structure, is that vehicle-specific circumstances can only be considered insufficiently. Thus, the surface to be protected may have a protruding outward elevation. Such an outward elevation can be a bulge, for example a surface curvature or an inclined surface, a structural survey, such as welds or slugs, or an additional, outwardly projecting element, such as brackets or eyelets represent.

Der Schutz von Bereichen, die eine solche Störstelle aufweisen, kann mit den bekannten Verbundpanzerungselementen nur unzureichend oder unter erhöhtem Aufwand erreicht werden, da ein Anbringen des flächigen und i.d.R. starren Verbundpanzerungselements über die gesamte Fläche nicht möglich ist. Bislang mussten Durchbrüche oder zweigeteilte Schutzelemente hergestellt und verwendet werden, wobei ballistische Schwachstellen erzeugt werden und der Schutzdeckungsgrad des zu schützenden Objekts erheblich verringert wird.The protection of areas having such an impurity can be achieved with the known composite armor elements only insufficiently or with increased effort, since attaching the flat and i.d.R. rigid composite armor element over the entire surface is not possible. Previously, breakthroughs or two-part protection had to be made and used, creating ballistic vulnerabilities and significantly reducing the degree of protection of the object being protected.

Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, für ein zu schützendes Objekt einen Schutz mit einer hohen Schutzwirkung bei geringem Gewicht zu erzielen.It is the object of the invention to achieve a protection with a high protective effect at low weight for an object to be protected.

Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des kennzeichnenden Teils des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie mit den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 10 und 11. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Bestandteil der abhängigen Ansprüche.The invention solves the problem with the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1 and with the features of claims 10 and 11. Advantageous developments are part of the dependent claims.

Es ist ein Grundgedanke der Erfindung, dass die Anordnung der Wirkkörper innerhalb des Verbundpanzerungselements an die bei dem zu schützenden Objekt vorliegenden Gegebenheiten angepasst ist. So weist das Verbundpanzerungselement mindestens einen Teilausschnitt auf, in dem die Wirkkörper innerhalb einer Lage derart stufig versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind, dass in diesem Teilausschnitt die der zu schützenden Fläche zugewandte Abschlussfläche des Verbundpanzerungselements eine Einbuchtung aufweist. Diese Einbuchtung ist insbesondere derart ausgestaltet, dass sie mindestens die Größe einer nach außen abstehenden Erhebung einer zu schützenden Fläche aufweist. Durch die Erfindung ist es möglich, zu schützende Flächen, die nach außen abstehende Störstellen aufweisen, mit einem durchgehenden Verbundpanzerungselement zu panzern, welches ohne aufwändige Fertigungsschritte herstellbar ist.It is a basic idea of the invention that the arrangement of the active bodies within the composite armor element is adapted to the conditions prevailing in the object to be protected. Thus, the composite armor element has at least one partial cutout, in which the active bodies within a layer are staggered in such a stepped manner that in this partial cutout the surface of the composite armor element facing the surface to be protected has a recess. This indentation is in particular designed such that it is at least the size of a having outwardly projecting elevation of a surface to be protected. By means of the invention, it is possible to armor surfaces which have outwardly projecting imperfections, with a continuous composite armor element, which can be produced without expensive production steps.

Die Stufenhöhe s des Versatzes ist an die Erhebung angepasst. Sie sollte jedoch nicht derart hoch sein, dass die benachbarten Wirkkörper innerhalb einer Lage nicht mehr aneinandergrenzen. Bevorzugt liegt der auf die Wirkkörperhöhe h bezogene Versatz s/h zwischen zwei benachbarten Wirkkörpern einer Lage in dem Bereich von 1 % bis 98 %. Dadurch können Spalte zwischen den Wirkkörpern vermieden werden.The step height s of the offset is adapted to the survey. However, it should not be so high that the adjacent active bodies within a position are no longer adjacent. The offset s / h, which is related to the active body height h, between two adjacent active bodies of a layer is preferably in the range from 1% to 98%. As a result, gaps between the active bodies can be avoided.

Der Versatz ist somit bevorzugt derart ausgestaltet, dass in Höhenrichtung kein Spalt zwischen zwei benachbarten Wirkkörpern auftritt. Die Stufenhöhe s ist bevorzugt kleiner als die Wirkkörperhöhe h des versetzten Wirkkörpers.The offset is thus preferably designed such that in the height direction, no gap between two adjacent active bodies occurs. The step height s is preferably smaller than the active body height h of the staggered active body.

Bevorzugt weist das Verbundpanzerungselement auf der der Bedrohung zugewandten Seite ein ebene Fläche auf. Durch die Erfindung kann zudem ein optisch einheitliches Bild der verwendeten Schutzelemente bei hohem Schutzdeckungsgrad erreicht werden.The composite armor element preferably has a flat surface on the side facing the threat. The invention also allows an optically uniform image of the protective elements used to be achieved with a high degree of protection.

Es sind vielfältige Ausgestaltungen hinsichtlich des Aufbaus des Verbundpanzerungselements und der einzelnen Wirkkörper möglich. In der bereits genannten DE 10 2005 050 981 A1 sowie in der noch nicht veröffentlichten deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 10 2007 019 392.2 sowie in der europäischen Patentanmeldung Nr. 08 007 562.5 ( EP 198 59 61 ) werden vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen von Verbundpanzerungselementen beschrieben, die auch in vorteilhafter Weise bei der vorliegenden Erfindung angewendet werden können, so dass diese Ausführungsformen und Kombinationen hiervon mit den entsprechenden Vorteilen hiermit vollumfänglich einbezogen werden, insbesondere die Ausgestaltung der stabförmigen Geometrie und Größe der einzelnen Wirkkörper, die Ausgestaltung der Stirnflächen der Wirkkörper, die verwendeten Materialien der Wirkkörper und des Matrixmaterials, der Maßnahmen zur Schockdämpfung, die Anordnung der Wirkkörper zueinander und der Aufbau der Verbundpanzerplatte.There are a variety of configurations with respect to the structure of the composite armor element and the individual active body possible. In the already mentioned DE 10 2005 050 981 A1 and in the not yet published German patent application DE 10 2007 019 392.2 as well as in the European patent application no. 08 007 562.5 ( EP 198 59 61 ) advantageous embodiments of composite armor elements are described, which can also be applied advantageously in the present invention, so that these embodiments and combinations thereof with the corresponding Benefits hereby fully incorporated, in particular the design of the rod-shaped geometry and size of the individual active body, the design of the end faces of the active body, the materials used of the active body and the matrix material, the measures for shock absorption, the arrangement of the active body to each other and the structure of the composite armor plate.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung sind die Wirkkörper einer Reihe zumindest teilweise durch Stege kettenförmig oder matrizenförmig miteinander fest verbunden. Eine solche vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Wirkkörper wird in der bereits genannten DE 10 2006 053 047 A1 beschrieben. Sämtliche Ausführungsformen und Kombinationen der dort beschriebenen Verbundpanzerplatte mit den entsprechenden Vorteilen können auch in vorteilhafter Weise bei der vorliegenden Erfindung angewendet werden, so dass diese Ausführungsformen hiermit vollumfänglich einbezogen werden, insbesondere die Ausgestaltung der Geometrie und Größe der einzelnen Wirkkörper, die Ausgestaltung der Stege der Wirkkörperketten, bzw. Wirkkörpermatrizen, die Ausgestaltung der Stirnflächen der Wirkkörper, die verwendeten Materialien der Wirkkörper und des Matrixmaterials, die Maßnahmen zur Schockdämpfung, der Anordnung der Wirkkörper zueinander und der Aufbau der Verbundpanzerplatte. Ein vorteilhaftes Herstellungsverfahren wird zudem in der EP 1 959 223 A2 beschrieben, deren Inhalt hiermit vollumfänglich in die vorliegende Anmeldung einbezogen wird.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the active bodies of a series are at least partially connected by webs chain-like or matrix-shaped firmly together. Such an advantageous embodiment of the active body is mentioned in the already mentioned DE 10 2006 053 047 A1 described. All embodiments and combinations of composite armor plate described there with the corresponding advantages can also be applied advantageously in the present invention, so that these embodiments are hereby fully incorporated, in particular the design of the geometry and size of the individual active body, the design of the webs of the active body chains , or active body matrices, the configuration of the end faces of the active body, the materials used of the active body and the matrix material, the measures for shock absorption, the arrangement of the active body to each other and the structure of the composite armor plate. An advantageous manufacturing method is also in the EP 1 959 223 A2 described, the content of which is hereby fully incorporated into the present application.

Bevorzugt weisen die Wirkkörper eine einheitliche Geometrie, Größe und Zusammensetzung auf, so dass die Fertigung vereinfacht wird, wobei die Erfindung nicht hierauf beschränkt ist.Preferably, the active bodies have a uniform geometry, size and composition, so that the production is simplified, the invention is not limited thereto.

Bevorzugt wird ein polymeres Matrixmaterial verwendet.Preferably, a polymeric matrix material is used.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist dem Matrixmaterial mindestens ein zusätzlicher Füllstoff, insbesondere aus einem metallischen oder nicht metallischen Feststoff, beigegeben. Bevorzugt werden hiermit die Teilausschnitte ausgefüllt, in denen kein Versatz der Wirkkörper vorliegt. Durch den Füllstoff kann das Gewicht des Matrixmaterials verringert werden. Bevorzugt weist der Füllstoff aus diesem Grund eine Dichte von weniger als 3 g/cm3 auf.In a particularly preferred embodiment, at least one additional filler, in particular of a metallic or non-metallic solid, is added to the matrix material. Preferably, the partial cutouts are filled in which there is no offset of the active body. The filler can reduce the weight of the matrix material. For this reason, the filler preferably has a density of less than 3 g / cm 3 .

Eine Gewichtsreduzierung kann zudem dadurch erreicht werden, dass der Füllstoff schaumförmig (z.B. Polyurethanschaum), wabenförmig (z.B. Kunststoff-Honeycomb), pulverförmig (z.B. Mikroglaskugeln, Mikrohohlglaskugeln oder Kreidepulver) oder faserförmig (z.B. Kurzfasern aus Glas, Kohlenstoff oder Aramid) ist, wobei er auch flüssig oder gasförmig sein kann.A weight reduction can also be achieved in that the filler is foamy (eg polyurethane foam), honeycomb (eg plastic honeycomb), powdered (eg glass microspheres, hollow glass microspheres or chalk powder) or fibrous (eg short fibers of glass, carbon or aramid), where he may also be liquid or gaseous.

Die Erfindung umfasst zudem ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein Kampffahrzeug, mit einer zu schützenden Fläche, die mindestens einen Bereich mit einer nach außen abstehenden Erhebung wie eine Ausbuchtung, eine strukturelle Erhebung oder ein zusätzliches, nach außen abstehendes Element aufweist, wobei an der zu schützenden Fläche zum Schutz ein erfindungsgemäßes Verbundpanzerungselement angeordnet ist, wobei der Teilausschnitt, in dem die Wirkkörper innerhalb einer Lage stufig versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind, den Bereich mit der nach außen abstehenden Erhebung schützt. Auf Grund der lokal variierbaren Geometrie des Verbundpanzerungselements können fahrzeugspezifische Gegebenheiten der zu schützenden Fläche berücksichtigt werden.The invention also includes a vehicle, in particular a combat vehicle, with a surface to be protected, which has at least one area with an outwardly projecting elevation such as a bulge, a structural elevation or an additional, outwardly projecting element, wherein on the surface to be protected to protect a composite armor element according to the invention is arranged, wherein the partial section, in which the active bodies are arranged staggered in stages within a layer to each other, the area with the protruding outward elevation protects. Due to the locally variable geometry of the composite armor element vehicle-specific conditions of the area to be protected can be considered.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundpanzerungselements sieht vor, dass bei der Herstellung die mit dem Verbundpanzerungselement zu schützende Fläche derart berücksichtigt wird, dass die Wirkkörper derart in das Verbundpanzerungselement eingebracht werden, dass in dem Teilausschnitt des Verbundpanzerungselements, der einen Bereich mit einer nach außen abstehenden Erhebung wie eine Ausbuchtung, eine strukturelle Erhebung oder ein zusätzliches, nach außen abstehendes Element der zu schützenden Fläche schützt, die Wirkkörper innerhalb einer Lage stufig versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind.A method according to the invention for producing a composite armor element provides that, in the production, the area to be protected by the composite armor element is taken into account in such a way that the active bodies penetrate into the composite armor element be introduced that in the partial section of the composite armor element, which protects an area with an outwardly projecting elevation such as a bulge, a structural elevation or an additional, outwardly projecting element of the surface to be protected, the active body within a layer are staggered offset from one another ,

Ein mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Figur beschrieben. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein Verbundpanzerungselement mit versetzt zueinander angeordneten Wirkkörpern in einer Schnittansicht,
Fig. 2
das Verbundpanzerungselement nach Fig. 1 in der Draufsicht.
In den Fig. 1 und 2 ist eine Verbundpanzerplatte als flächiges Verbundpanzerungselement 10 dargestellt. In dem Verbundpanzerungselement 10 ist eine Lage von mehreren, in Reihen hintereinander liegenden, stabförmigen Wirkkörpern 11 der Höhe h angeordnet, wobei die hochharten Wirkkörper 11 über Stege 16 zu einstückig hergestellten Wirkkörperketten zusammengefügt sind. Die Wirkkörper 11, die eine einheitliche Geometrie, Größe und Zusammensetzung aufweisen, sind in ein vorzugsweise polymeres Matrixmaterial 12 eingebettet.A possible embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG. It shows:
Fig. 1
a composite armor element with mutually offset active bodies in a sectional view,
Fig. 2
the composite armor after Fig. 1 in the plan view.
In the Fig. 1 and 2 a composite armor plate is shown as a planar composite armor element 10. In the composite armor element 10, a layer of several, in rows one behind the other, rod-shaped active bodies 11 of the height h is arranged, wherein the high-hardness active body 11 are joined together via webs 16 to integrally produced chains of active bodies. The active bodies 11, which have a uniform geometry, size and composition, are embedded in a preferably polymeric matrix material 12.

Das Verbundpanzerungselement 10 ist als Zusatzpanzerplatte auf einer zu schützenden Fläche 13 aus Panzerstahl eines nicht weiter dargestellten Kampffahrzeugs angeordnet. An der Fläche 13 ist eine Öse 14 als nach außen abstehenden Erhebung angeschweißt, welche von dem als Zusatzpanzerung wirkenden Verbundpanzerungselement verdeckt werden soll. Mit einer starren, ebenen Verbundpanzerungsplatte aus dem Stand der Technik wäre ein durchgehendes Abdecken der Fläche 13 wegen der Öse 14 nicht möglich. Erfindungsgemäß weist jedoch die der zu schützenden Fläche 13 zugewandte Abschlussfläche 18 des Verbundpanzerungselements 10 in dem Teilausschnitt T, der den Bereich der Fläche 13 mit der Öse 14 schützt, eine Einbuchtung 19 auf, welche derart ausgestaltet und dimensioniert ist, dass sie die nach außen abstehende Erhebung 14 aufnehmen kann.The composite armor element 10 is arranged as an additional armor plate on a protected surface 13 of steel armor of a combat vehicle not shown. On the surface 13, an eyelet 14 is welded as a protruding outward elevation, which is to be covered by the acting as an additional armor composite armor element. With a rigid, planar composite armor plate of the prior art, a continuous covering of the surface 13 would not be possible because of the eyelet 14. However, according to the invention, the end face 18 of the composite armor element facing the surface 13 to be protected faces 10 in the partial section T, which protects the region of the surface 13 with the eyelet 14, an indentation 19, which is designed and dimensioned such that it can receive the protruding outward elevation 14.

Durch die Einbuchtung soll allerdings keine Reduktion der Schutzwirkung des Verbundpanzerungselements erfolgen. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Wirkkörper 11 in dem Teilausschnitt T stufig, in Richtung der Flächennormalen n der zu schützenden Fläche versetzt angeordnet sind. Die Stufenhöhe s ist an die Erhebung 14 angepasst, wobei der auf die Wirkkörperhöhe h bezogene Versatz s/h = 40 % beträgt.Due to the indentation, however, no reduction of the protective effect of the composite armor element should take place. This is achieved in that the active bodies 11 are staggered in the partial section T, offset in the direction of the surface normal n of the surface to be protected. The step height s is adapted to the elevation 14, wherein the reference to the active body height h offset s / h = 40%.

Nach außen hin ist wegen der ebenen Abschlussfläche 17 der inhomogene Aufbau des Verbundpanzerungselements 10 mit lokal unterschiedlicher, an die zu schützende Fläche 13 angepasste Geometrie nicht erkennbar, so dass sich eine optisch einheitliche sowie ballistisch günstige Ausgestaltung ergibt.Outwardly, due to the flat end surface 17 of the inhomogeneous structure of the composite armor element 10 with locally different, adapted to the surface to be protected 13 geometry is not recognizable, so that there is a visually uniform and ballistic favorable design.

Bei der Herstellung des Verbundpanzerungselements 10, bei der die zu schützende Fläche 13 berücksichtigt wird, werden die Wirkkörper 11 zunächst aufgereiht und mit einem Matrixmaterial vergossen. Dadurch, dass im Teilausschnitt T ein Versatz der Wirkkörpern 11 vorliegt und das Verbundpanzerungselement 10 eine ebene Abschlussfläche 17 aufweisen soll, entstehen Hohlräume 15, die entweder mit dem identischen Matrixmaterial in einem Arbeitsgang vergossen werden oder durch anderes Leichtbaumaterial verfüllt werden. Je nach verwendetem, vom Matrixmaterial abweichenden Leichtbaumaterial kann das Einbringen dieses vor oder nach dem Hauptverguss sinnvoll sein. Feststoffe wie z.B. Balsaholz werden idealerweise vor dem Verguss als Formstück eingesetzt.In the production of the composite armor element 10, in which the surface to be protected 13 is taken into account, the active bodies 11 are first lined up and potted with a matrix material. The fact that in the partial section T is an offset of the active bodies 11 and the composite armor element 10 is to have a flat end surface 17, resulting cavities 15, which are either cast with the identical matrix material in one operation or filled by other lightweight material. Depending on the used, deviating from the matrix material lightweight construction material, the introduction of this before or after the main grout may be useful. Solids such as e.g. Balsa wood is ideally used as a fitting before casting.

Claims (11)

  1. Planar composite armouring element (10) which is for protecting a surface (13) to be protected against projectiles and which comprises at least one layer of effective members (11) which are arranged in rows beside each other in the composite armouring element (10) and which are embedded in a matrix material (12), characterised in that, in at least one part-cutout (T) of the composite armouring element (10), the effective members (11) are arranged within a layer in a state offset from each other in such a stepped manner that, in this part-cutout (T), the closure face (18) of the composite armouring element (10) facing the surface to be protected has a recess (19).
  2. Composite armouring element (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that the displacement s/h in relation to the active member height h is in the range from 1% to 98%.
  3. Composite armouring element (10) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the effective members (11) of a row are securely connected to each other at least partially by means of webs (16) in the manner of a chain.
  4. Composite armouring element (10) according to claim 3, characterised in that the effective members (11) of a layer are securely connected to each other at least partially by means of webs (16) in the manner of a matrix.
  5. Composite armouring element (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the closure face (17) of the composite armouring element (10) facing the threat is planar.
  6. Composite armouring element (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one additional filler material, in particular comprising a solid material, is added to the matrix material (12).
  7. Composite armouring element (10) according to claim 6, characterised in that the filler material has a density of less than 3 g/cm3.
  8. Composite armouring element (10) according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterised in that the filler material is foam-like, honeycomb-like, powder-like or fibre-like.
  9. Composite armouring element (10) according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterised in that the filler material is liquid or gaseous.
  10. Vehicle, in particular a combat vehicle, having a surface (13) to be protected which has at least one region having an outwardly protruding projection (14) such as a protuberance, a structural projection or an additional, outwardly protruding element, whereby on the surface (13) to be protected is arranged for protection a composite armouring element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the part-cutout (T) in which the effective members (11) are arranged within a layer in a state offset from each other in a stepped manner protecting the region with the outwardly protruding projection (14).
  11. Method for producing a composite armouring element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that, during the production, the surface (13) to be protected with the composite armouring element (10) is taken into consideration in such a manner that the effective members (11) are introduced into the composite armouring element (10) in such a manner that, in the part-cutout (T) of the composite armouring element (10) which protects a region having an outwardly protruding projection (14) such as a protuberance, a structural projection or an additional, outwardly protruding element of the surface to be protected, the effective members (11) are arranged within a layer in a state offset from each other in a stepped manner.
EP20080018140 2007-10-24 2008-10-16 Flat compound armour element Active EP2053340B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE200710050660 DE102007050660B4 (en) 2007-10-24 2007-10-24 Flat composite armor element

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EP2053340A2 EP2053340A2 (en) 2009-04-29
EP2053340A3 EP2053340A3 (en) 2012-09-05
EP2053340B1 true EP2053340B1 (en) 2013-03-13

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DE102009034941B4 (en) 2009-07-28 2013-04-25 Vps Vehicle Protection Systems Gmbh vehicle armor
DE102010000649B4 (en) 2010-03-05 2013-04-25 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for repairing a composite armor element and repair set for carrying out the repair
DE102010000648B4 (en) 2010-03-05 2024-09-19 Knds Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Composite armor element for protection against projectiles
US20120024138A1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 Schott Diamondview Armor Products, Llc Armor panels having strip-shaped protection elements

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DE7820768U1 (en) * 1978-07-11 1979-11-22 Industrie-Werke Karlsruhe Augsburg Ag, 7500 Nuernberg BALLISTIC PROTECTION
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DE3833949C2 (en) * 1988-10-05 1994-01-13 Verschleis Technik Dr Ing Hans Armor plate
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DE102007019392B4 (en) 2007-04-23 2010-09-30 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Composite armor element

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EP2053340A3 (en) 2012-09-05
DE102007050660B4 (en) 2010-03-25
DE102007050660A1 (en) 2009-04-30
EP2053340A2 (en) 2009-04-29

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