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EP2020943B1 - System zur entfernung von hartem gewebe - Google Patents

System zur entfernung von hartem gewebe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2020943B1
EP2020943B1 EP07797827.8A EP07797827A EP2020943B1 EP 2020943 B1 EP2020943 B1 EP 2020943B1 EP 07797827 A EP07797827 A EP 07797827A EP 2020943 B1 EP2020943 B1 EP 2020943B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
electrically conductive
lumen
conductive fluid
tissue
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07797827.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2020943A2 (de
EP2020943A4 (de
Inventor
Jean Woloszko
Kenneth R. Stalder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arthrocare Corp
Original Assignee
Arthrocare Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arthrocare Corp filed Critical Arthrocare Corp
Publication of EP2020943A2 publication Critical patent/EP2020943A2/de
Publication of EP2020943A4 publication Critical patent/EP2020943A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2020943B1 publication Critical patent/EP2020943B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/042—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating using additional gas becoming plasma
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/148—Probes or electrodes therefor having a short, rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously, e.g. for neurosurgery or arthroscopy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00166—Multiple lumina
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
    • A61B2018/00565—Bone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
    • A61B2018/00577—Ablation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B2018/1472—Probes or electrodes therefor for use with liquid electrolyte, e.g. virtual electrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2218/00—Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2218/001—Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body having means for irrigation and/or aspiration of substances to and/or from the surgical site
    • A61B2218/002—Irrigation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2218/00—Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2218/001—Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body having means for irrigation and/or aspiration of substances to and/or from the surgical site
    • A61B2218/007—Aspiration

Definitions

  • Rotary shavers have been used to clean, debride and remove bone.
  • Rotary shavers can lead to excessive bleeding.
  • a cauterizing instrument In order to control bleeding in certain orthopedic procedures, a cauterizing instrument must be utilized to control bleeding of the various tissues.
  • Electrosurgical devices such as a RF tissue-cutting instruments have been used on various hard tissue structures and deposits. However, RF electrosurgical devices have been found to be generally ineffective at removing bone under suitable surgical conditions.
  • a safe, effective, and convenient system for removing hard tissue is therefore desirable.
  • an electrosurgical system which comprises: a shaft, a distal end section, and a(n) active electrode(s) associated with the distal end section; a first fluid supply adapted to deliver a first electrically conductive fluid in the vicinity of the target tissue; and a second fluid supply adapted to deliver a second electrically conductive fluid to the active electrode.
  • Electrosurgical system (10) having only one electrically conductive fluid supply is shown in Fig. 1 . It generally comprises an electrosurgical probe (12) connected to a power supply (14) for applying a radio-frequency voltage across an active electrode (24) and a return electrode (not shown) in close proximity of a target tissue, and an electrically conductive liquid source (16) for supplying an electrically conducting fluid (18) to the probe (12) and the target site.
  • Electrosurgical probe (12) includes an elongated shaft (20) that may be flexible, bendable or rigid, with flexible shafts optionally including support cannulas or other structures for accessing the target site.
  • the probe (12) includes a probe connector (22) at its proximal end and an array (24) of active electrode terminals disposed on the distal tip of shaft (20).
  • a connecting cable (28) comprising a handle (30) with a handle connector (32) can be removably connected to probe connector (22).
  • a cable may be integrated with the probe (12), and connected to the power supply (14).
  • the proximal portion of electrical cable (28) comprises an electrical connector (34) to couple probe (12) to power supply (14).
  • an active electrode (40) and a return electrode (42) are electrically isolated from each other by an insulator (44), and each electrode is connected to an active or passive control circuit within the power supply (14) by a plurality of individually insulated conductors (not shown).
  • a more detailed description of a system is illustrated in U.S. Patent No. 6,142,992 .
  • power supply (14) comprises a voltage selection switch (36) to change the applied voltage level.
  • Power supply (14) includes a mode selection switch (38) for selectively applying power to the electrode array (24).
  • the foot selection switch (38) may include a second pedal (not shown) for adjusting the voltage level applied to electrode array (24). Specific designs of a power supply are described in commonly assigned U.S. Patent No. 6,142,992 .
  • treatment of body tissues typically comprises placing the active electrode (40) in close proximity to, or in contact with the tissue, and applying the voltage across the electrodes (40, 42) to cause changes in the tissue such as heating, ablation, coagulation, cutting, removal, puncturing, and other modifications of the tissue.
  • plasma may be generated in the vicinity of the active electrode (40) on application of the voltage to the electrodes (40, 42) in the presence of the electrically conductive fluid (18).
  • the plasma includes energetic electrons, ions, photons and the like that are discharged from a vapor layer of the conductive fluid, as described in greater detail in commonly assigned U.S. patent No. 5,697,882 .
  • the electrically conductive fluid (18) is supplied to the electrodes (40, 42) via a fluid supply lumen (46) coupled to the electrically conductive fluid supply (16).
  • the system optionally includes a fluid aspiration lumen (48) for removing fluids from the target site.
  • the fluid-supply lumen and the fluid-aspiration lumen are connected to the elongated shaft (20) by flexible fluid lines.
  • the electrodes (40, 42) are located on the distal end portion of an electrosurgical shaft (20).
  • the active electrode (40) is positioned on the shaft at or near the distal end, and the return electrode (42) is positioned close to, but is electrically isolated from the active electrode (40) by an insulator (44).
  • System (50) comprising a probe (53) comprising a shaft (56), a distal end section (58), and at least one active electrode (60) associated with the distal end section (58); a first fluid supply (62) adapted to deliver a first electrically conductive fluid (62A) to the target site (52); and a second fluid supply (64) adapted to deliver a second electrically conductive fluid (64A) to the active electrode (60).
  • the first electrically conductive fluid (62A) is selected from the group consisting of isotonic saline, buffered isotonic saline, hypertonic saline, hypotonic saline, and Ringer's lactate solution.
  • the second electrically conductive fluid (64A) is selected from the group consisting of sodium bicarbonate, and a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium chloride.
  • the sodium bicarbonate has a concentration in the range from about 0.15 normal to about 1.0 normal sodium bicarbonate solutions. Exemplary ratios of sodium bicarbonate/sodium chloride concentrations range from about 0.15N/0.15N to about 1.0N/0.15N.
  • the second electrically conductive fluid supply (64) comprising a sodium bicarbonate solution is adapted to establish a current flow path (70) between the active electrodes (60) and the return electrode (68), while the first electrically conductive fluid provides an electrically conductive fluid environment around the target tissue.
  • the first electrically conductive liquid may be delivered through an annular or other type of opening along the shaft (56).
  • the first electrically conductive liquid may be provided through a port or cannula independent of (and separate from) the device (53).
  • an adjustable voltage generator is available to regulate the voltage and change the mode of operation of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus will generate plasma in the presence of the second conductive fluid in contact with the active electrode; while at another voltage setting plasma generation is minimized and the apparatus causes thermal effects on the tissue such as coagulation, contraction, and vessel hemostasis.
  • the second or ancillary fluid may be, for example, a sodium bicarbonate solution or another fluid that provides a desired tissue effect.
  • acids such as citric acid, phosphorous acid, hydrochloric acid, etc
  • bases such as sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, etc
  • chelating agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid, diethylenetriamine
  • Fig. 5 illustrates one condition that may be treated using the system of the present invention.
  • an inflamed supra-spinatus tendon (72) is shown.
  • the tendon is located between the acromion process (74) and the humerus head (76).
  • This condition may arise for a number of reasons including, for example, excessive use during racquet sports. Friction between the tendon and the bone causes inflammation. Decompressing this region may relieve pain and is therefore desirable.
  • Figure 7A illustrates one application of the present invention.
  • a device 12 is shown being used to perform a subacromonial decompression including the removal of various soft tissue 72. Additionally, the acromion (74) is being ablated.
  • the whole field is filled with a first electrically conductive fluid (which could be buffered isotonic saline, for example).
  • the first fluid is shown being delivered via tube (80').
  • a second electrically conductive fluid (0.65 N sodium bicarbonate, for example) is injected through device (12) into the vicinity of the active electrode. Without being bound by theory, the second fluid mixes with the first fluid, and is more highly concentrated at its point of injection (300).
  • the device 12 may provide coagulation to halt or arrest bleeding of tissues.
  • the system of the present invention can decompress the shoulder including sculpting soft tissue, sculpting bone, and coagulating or arresting bleeding.
  • Fig. 7B illustrates another embodiment of the present invention.
  • device (12) includes two lumens extending through the shaft of the device corresponding to a first and second electrically conductive liquid supplies.
  • additional lumen may be provided for additional fluid delivery or aspiration.
  • the target site is shown flooded, immersed, or irrigated with the first electrically conductive liquid such as isotonic saline using the first lumen.
  • a second electrically conductive liquid, different than the first liquid, is also injected into the target site through the second lumen.
  • the second electrically liquid is injected preferable near the active electrode such that it is highly concentrated at the point of injection as described above in connection with Fig. 7A .
  • the plasma formed from the second liquid provides enough energy to ablate or molecularly disassociate hard tissue and bone (74).
  • the flow of the second electrically conductive fluid may be halted, and the device may be activated to treat the soft tissue using the first or another electrically conductive liquid.
  • a visual indicator is included in each conductive fluid to allow a surgeon to quickly distinguish one plasma type from another.
  • An agent may be added to each of the conductive liquids that produces a unique color of plasma.
  • potassium chloride tends to produce a purple colored plasma when added to the first electrically conductive liquid and another chemical (e.g., copper II chloride for bright green, or manganese II chloride for yellow-green) may be added to the second electrically conductive liquid.
  • another chemical e.g., copper II chloride for bright green, or manganese II chloride for yellow-green
  • the surgeon may observe which mode (or plasma type) is active during a procedure by observing the color of the plasma at the tip of the probe. This safeguards against applying an improper type of plasma (or voltage scheme) on a particular tissue. Indeed, use of one type of plasma may be too aggressive for one type of tissue. Also, use of one type of plasma may be highly ineffective against certain types of tissues or structures.
  • One embodiment of the present invention was used to treat a porcine rib cortical bone.
  • the bone was immersed in a first static electrically conductive fluid.
  • a second ancillary liquid comprising a 0.5 N sodium bicarbonate and 0.9% (w/w) sodium chloride (unbuffered) was disposed around an active electrode.
  • the device was similar to the probe (200) shown in Fig. 11A,B .
  • the ancillary liquid was injected around the active electrode at flow rate of about 5 milliliters per minute through lumen (202).

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Claims (11)

  1. Ein elektrochirurgisches System (10) zum Behandeln einer Zielstruktur in einem Patienten, beinhaltend:
    eine Vorrichtung (12, 53), die einen Schaft (56) mit einem distalen Endabschnitt beinhaltet, wobei sich an dem distalen Endabschnitt eine Aktivelektrode (42, 60) und
    eine Gegenelektrode (40, 68) befinden;
    eine erste Fluidzuführung, beinhaltend einen ersten Fluidbehälter und ein erstes Lumen, das angepasst ist, um ein erstes elektrisch leitendes Fluid in die Nähe des Zielgewebes zu liefern, um das Zielgewebe mit dem ersten elektrisch leitenden Fluid zu bewässern,
    wobei der erste Fluidbehälter das erste elektrisch leitende Fluid beinhaltet, und
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Lumen eines von Folgendem beinhaltet:
    (i) ein Lumen, das sich durch den Schaft (56) der Vorrichtung (12, 53) erstreckt; und
    (ii) einen Anschluss oder eine Kanüle (80'), der/die von der Vorrichtung (12, 53) getrennt ist; und ferner dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das System ferner Folgendes beinhaltet:
    eine zweite Fluidzuführung, beinhaltend ein zweites Lumen, das sich durch den Schaft (56) der Vorrichtung (12, 53) erstreckt, wobei das zweite Lumen von dem ersten Lumen getrennt ist und angepasst ist, um ein zweites elektrisch leitendes Fluid, das sich chemisch von dem ersten elektrisch leitenden Fluid unterscheidet, zu der Aktivelektrode (42, 60) zu liefern, wobei die zweite Fluidzuführung einen zweiten Fluidbehälter beinhaltet, der das zweite elektrisch leitende Fluid beinhaltet.
  2. Elektrochirurgisches System gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei der Schaft ein Aspirationslumen beinhaltet, das angepasst ist, um Fluide von der Zielstelle zu entfernen.
  3. Elektrochirurgisches System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das erste und zweite elektrisch leitende Fluid durch eine Vielzahl von Lumen auf dem Schaft geliefert werden.
  4. Elektrochirurgisches System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Ventil den Strom des zweiten elektrisch leitenden Fluids reguliert.
  5. System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das erste elektrisch leitende Fluid durch ein mit der Vorrichtung integrales Lumen geliefert wird.
  6. Elektrochirurgisches System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Natriumbicarbonatlösung eine Konzentration von Natriumbicarbonat in dem Bereich von etwa 0,15 N bis etwa 1,0 N Natriumbicarbonat beinhaltet.
  7. Elektrochirurgisches System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine Spannungszuführung mit der Aktivelektrode verbunden ist.
  8. System gemäß Anspruch 7, wobei ein anpassbarer Spannungsgenerator die Spannung regelt, um mindestens eines von Folgendem zu bewirken: molekulare Dissoziation, Erwärmen, Abtragen, Gerinnen, Schneiden, Entfernen und Änderungen des Zielgewebes.
  9. Elektrochirurgisches System gemäß Anspruch 7, wobei bei Anlegung der Spannung an die Aktivelektrode Plasma um die Aktivelektrode generiert wird.
  10. Elektrochirurgisches System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das zweite elektrisch leitende Fluid ein Fluid beinhaltet, das aus der Liste ausgewählt ist, die aus Folgendem besteht:
    Säuren, Zitronensäure, phosphoriger Säure, Salzsäure;
    Basen, Natriumbicarbonat, einer Mischung aus Natriumbicarbonat mit Natriumchlorid, Natriumhydroxid; Chelatbildnern wie etwa Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure (EDTA), Nitrilotriessigsäure, Diethylentriaminpentaessigsäure; hypertoner Kochsalzlösung, hypotoner Kochsalzlösung; und
    Gasen, Stickstoff, Helium oder Argon.
  11. Elektrochirurgisches System gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die erste Fluidzuführung ein erstes Fluidlumen beinhaltet, das sich durch den Schaft erstreckt, und die zweite Fluidzuführung ein zweites Fluidlumen beinhaltet, das sich durch den Schaft erstreckt, so dass Fluid der Zielstelle durch das erste und zweite Lumen zugeführt werden kann.
EP07797827.8A 2006-05-30 2007-05-29 System zur entfernung von hartem gewebe Not-in-force EP2020943B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US80958106P 2006-05-30 2006-05-30
PCT/US2007/069856 WO2007143445A2 (en) 2006-05-30 2007-05-29 Hard tissue ablation system

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2020943A2 EP2020943A2 (de) 2009-02-11
EP2020943A4 EP2020943A4 (de) 2010-03-31
EP2020943B1 true EP2020943B1 (de) 2015-07-08

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EP07797827.8A Not-in-force EP2020943B1 (de) 2006-05-30 2007-05-29 System zur entfernung von hartem gewebe

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US (2) US8114071B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2020943B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2007143445A2 (de)

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US10912610B2 (en) 2015-02-05 2021-02-09 Axon Therapies, Inc. Devices and methods for treatment of heart failure by splanchnic nerve ablation
US11154354B2 (en) 2016-07-29 2021-10-26 Axon Therapies, Inc. Devices, systems, and methods for treatment of heart failure by splanchnic nerve ablation
US11413090B2 (en) 2020-01-17 2022-08-16 Axon Therapies, Inc. Methods and devices for endovascular ablation of a splanchnic nerve
US11751939B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2023-09-12 Axon Therapies, Inc. Methods and devices for endovascular ablation of a splanchnic nerve
US11806073B2 (en) 2019-06-20 2023-11-07 Axon Therapies, Inc. Methods and devices for endovascular ablation of a splanchnic nerve

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US20070282323A1 (en) 2007-12-06
US8114071B2 (en) 2012-02-14
EP2020943A2 (de) 2009-02-11
WO2007143445A3 (en) 2008-07-24
EP2020943A4 (de) 2010-03-31
US8444638B2 (en) 2013-05-21
WO2007143445A2 (en) 2007-12-13

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