EP2020074B1 - Device for automatically switching off or switching an electrical consumer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for automatically switching off or switching an electrical consumer (10), said device (1) having an electronic actuating element (36), connected in series to a load line (38) of the electrical consumer (10), and a control unit (40) which evaluates, in accordance with a trigger characteristic, a current i(t) flowing through the load line (38) and controls the electronic actuating element (36), especially switches off the electrical consumer (10). The invention is characterized in that the device (1) has at least one adjusting element (46, 52) which is mechanically accessible from the exterior, and which can be manually actuated directly or manually actuated indirectly, using a tool, and which is used to adjust the trigger characteristic within predetermined limits.

Description

The invention relates to a device for automatically switching off or switching an electrical load according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such devices are versatile, especially in the field of industrial automation and related control tasks.

A typical installation location are sub-distributions or control cabinets.

Electrical devices can be connected to such devices, for example actuators, such as motors or valves, or sensors, such as temperature sensors or pressure gauges. The connection values of the consumers to be connected, in particular their connected load and their rated current, can be different, and it must usually be provided a corresponding variety of generic devices, in particular be carried to the installation of such devices.

From the WO 00/74196 A1 a power distribution system in the low voltage range is known in which each circuit a generic circuit breaker with adjustable current limit as short-circuit and / or Overload protection is assigned. The peculiarity lies in the fact that in case of overload when exceeding a first adjustable current threshold, a blocking of the power unit after a first adjustable shutdown takes place, and in the event of a short circuit, limiting the current through the power unit to a second adjustable current threshold and blocking the power unit after expiration of a second Switch-off time takes place. The known circuit breaker has control inputs and signal outputs which are routed to a signal line or a bus interface. Consumers are connected only one pole with their respective positive pole to the circuit breaker, in particular, the negative poles of all consumers are directly connected to the negative pole of the power supply.

The adaptation of the tripping characteristic of the generic device to the consumers to be connected can often finally be made on site, ie during installation of the device. This adjustment is typically made by selecting a suitable device from a variety of devices that have been factory-made with different tripping characteristics. For example, the devices may be factory-made with different nominal current values or with a different response time after which the device responds. For example, standard classifications for tripping characteristics have been created for this purpose, see, for example, VDE 0641 or VDE 0664. This requires, during assembly or maintenance of such devices, one copy of each type that may be required.

From the EP 1 294 068 A2 For example, a fuse with a microprocessor is known which forms the closest prior art for the present invention. At the actual trip unit of the fuse a removable module is plugged, which forms a user interface and in addition to control buttons also has a display unit.

From the EP 1 372 178 A1 is a fuse with a Bimetallausföser known in which arranged with a housing in the fuse and accessible after opening the housing mechanical coupling element, which interacts with the bimetallic contact, the current / time characteristic of the fuse is preselected.

From the EP 0 590 936 A2 a fuse with a microprocessor is known which has a memory in which an I ² t-curve is stored to simulate the heat load of the load to be secured, in particular their cooling after a response of the fuse.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a device which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the compiled from generic devices systems should be inexpensive to manufacture and maintain, easy to adapt to changing circumstances and yet permanently reliable in operation.

This object is achieved by the device defined in claim 1. Particular embodiments of the invention are defined in the subclaims.

In one embodiment, the tripping characteristic is determined at least by the parameter of the power or current integral, i. by the integral of the power or the current flowing through the load line over time, and the limit for that integral is directly adjustable by the adjusting means. In order to filter out the influence of possibly irrelevant slow changes, for example, of the current value, the integral can only be formed over an integration time that has lapsed in each case, for example over the past five seconds in each case; Longer values are no longer taken into account during integration. The integration time can be constant, or also manually or automatically adjustable by the device, for example, depending on the connected consumer or the current load situation.

In one embodiment, the actuator is a switch element that essentially shuts off the power and can reconnect. This can be done by a transistor, which also offers the possibility to regulate the load current, in particular to limit.

In one embodiment, the adjusting means may be realized by a sliding or rotary switch or a sliding or rotary potentiometer which is connected to a microcontroller-based control unit and with which the parameters for the tripping characteristic can be set. In order to prevent in particular an unintentional adjustment, the adjusting element may have a tool engagement surface, so that it can only be operated with a suitable tool. The adjusting means is preferably mounted on a front or end face of the device, in particular in the vicinity of the nameplate, with which the adjusting means can be characterized as such in a simple manner.

By the adjustment means, the corresponding parameter is preferably adjustable between a predetermined lower limit value and a predetermined upper limit value in stages or continuously. The lower and / or upper limit value can be fixed by the control unit, possibly also hard-wired, for example by the installation of corresponding series resistors. In addition, it is also possible to store these limits in the control unit in a fixed or freely programmable memory area and to adapt them to changing circumstances as needed.

The device may be connected in series with the load between a supply line of a DC voltage supply and the associated ground potential. In the case of an AC power supply, the device is in series with the load between a phase and the zero conductor or between two phases. A typical field of application is the use in DC low-voltage power supplies with a rated voltage of 24 V.

The device can be arranged in a housing, by means of which the device is detachably fixable on a mounting rail and on the mounting rail to further inventive devices and / or other components of the electrical installation, such as feeder terminals, signaling elements and the like, can be arranged.

Two essential parameters of the tripping characteristic are the nominal current value and the dependence of a response time, after which the actuating element is driven, from the actual load current. In one embodiment, the device has a single adjustment means with which these two parameters are changed simultaneously. For example, can be selected by a stepped, in particular three-stage setting means between a standard tripping characteristic B or C for line protection, G or K for a protection of downstream equipment and motors, or Z for protection of semiconductor devices and measuring circuits of voltage transformers.

In another embodiment, a first and / or a second step or stepless adjustment means may be provided, with which the nominal current value and the dependence of the response time can be set separately from each other. As a result, the device can be adapted to all possible applications and in particular can be set on site during assembly. For example, high rated current values with fast response can be set as well as low rated current values with slow response, and one and the same device can be used for this purpose.

Regardless of the setting options, the device can be equipped with a factory or with an increased expenditure on equipment and later adjustable basic setting. This basic setting can be activated by an intended means, for example by a button provided for this purpose or by an optionally also latchable end or intermediate position of the adjustment. With such a basic setting, the devices can be delivered to the factory and adapted only when needed and especially on site during assembly by pressing the adjustment to the local conditions, in particular to be connected consumers.

To protect against unintentional adjustment of the adjusting means, these can be set back from the surrounding housing and / or be actuated only with a tool. It is also contemplated to provide removable and possibly captive associated with the housing covers for the adjustment. As a further alternative, it is possible to provide a type of seal on the adjustment means which is damaged or destroyed during the first actuation, for example a web formed integrally with the housing of the device, which breaks off when the adjustment means is actuated for the first time. As a result, it would be detectable in a possible event of damage that the device was operated at least temporarily with settings changed in relation to the basic setting.

As a further security measure, a securing element can be provided by means of which the basic setting or a setting made of the adjusting means can be secured against unintentional or unauthorized alteration. For example, a fuse button may be provided which is connected to the control unit and to electrical or electronically the current setting of the adjusting ensures. Alternatively or additionally, for example, a mechanical latch or a clamping piece may be provided, upon the actuation of which the setting of the adjusting means can not be changed, thereby mechanically securing the current setting of the adjusting means.

The time profile of the current flowing over the load line can be evaluated in different ways. In the simplest case, an exceeding of the set or predetermined maximum current or rated current is registered and then the control element is switched off as quickly as possible and in particular without a controlled delay, thereby interrupting the circuit to the load. In many applications, however, the power or energy consumption to the consumer is crucial, whereas very short-term peak currents can be tolerated. In order to provide a suitable tripping characteristic for these applications, it may be advantageous to detect the integral of the current i (t) over time or else the integral of the current i (t) squared over time, at least in parallel with the assessment of the flowing current or to calculate and take into account in the tripping behavior.

In the case of a microcontroller-based control unit, the current values can be recorded at regular intervals and further processed digitally. The current values obtained in this way can be compared with values stored in the control unit or the device. The time between two samples for the current flowing through the load line can be constant, in particular derived from a clock of the control unit, or variably, for example, automatically selected as a function of the current change di (t) / dt, even at very fast If necessary, it is still safe to switch off changes in the current.

In one embodiment, the device has a contact member, by means of which the device is electrically connectable to a supply line. The contact member is movably mounted in the device and may, for example, be in electrical connection with the supply line in one of two end positions. It is particularly advantageous if no special tool is required for the preparation of the compound and the connection can still be easily made and solved. For this purpose, the contact member may be formed resiliently deformable and be brought for example by a rotary or sliding movement in electrical connection with the supply line. The device can thereby be fixed to a support rail or DIN rail, without being automatically connected to the supply line electrically. Only by pressing the contact member, for example by pushing or turning, the connection is made and can also be solved if necessary, so that the device can be made free of stress even when installed. This is particularly advantageous during assembly or in the case of an exchange of the device, because the neighboring devices do not have to be uninstalled.

In one embodiment, the device is at least two-pole, preferably all-pole electrically connected to the optionally multi-phase supply line. As a result, the diagnostic options are increased, for example, fault current measurements or insulation measurements can be performed, and the signal decoupling in a system with several generic devices is improved.

In one embodiment, the consumer is at least two-pole, preferably all-pole connected to the device. This ensures a clear assignment of the consumer to the associated device. In an accident, only the consumer concerned can be switched off, whereas the other consumers remain in operation. As a result, the downtime of the associated overall system is reduced.

In one embodiment, the device has at least one separating element for electrically isolating the device from the consumer and / or the supply line. The separating element can lie in series with the adjusting element and be controllable by the control unit. This provides additional security in the event that the actuating element formed by a semiconductor component in one embodiment fails, in particular has a short circuit. The separating element can be realized by an electromagnetic relay. If even greater safety is required, alternatively or in addition to the separating element, a fuse known per se can be connected in series.

In the case of a triggering of the device, this can either remain in the off state or automatically return to the on state after a predetermined period of time, in particular by slow driving through the control element and simultaneous determination of the current flowing through the load line current. Should this continue to be unacceptably high, the device can go after a predetermined number of such attempts in a permanently off state. Alternatively or additionally, the device also have a reset element, which may also be formed by a corresponding signal input, via which the device receives a reset signal from a parent or sibling control device. As an alternative or in addition, the reset element can also be actuated manually from outside the device directly manually or indirectly with a tool, for example by a reset button directly on the device. In one embodiment, only a manual reset is possible, in particular there is no automatic reset.

Fig. 1

zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 2

zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Anordnung von insgesamt sieben erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen,

Fig. 3

zeigt beispielhaft die Einstellbarkeit der Auslösecharakteristik, und

Fig. 4a und 4b

zeigen zwei mögliche Signalverläufe für den Laststrom i(t).

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the subclaims and the following description in which several embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description may each be essential to the invention individually or in any desired combination.

Fig. 1

shows a side view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention,

Fig. 2

shows a perspective view of an arrangement of a total of seven devices according to the invention,

Fig. 3

shows by way of example the adjustability of the tripping characteristic, and

Fig. 4a and 4b

show two possible signal curves for the load current i (t).

The Fig. 1 shows a side view of an embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention with the housing cover removed. The device 1 has a prism-shaped housing 2 made of plastic, wherein the plane-parallel base and top surfaces are parallel to the plane of the drawing. On one in the installed state usually not Visible bottom 4, the housing 2 has an undercut groove 6, by means of which the housing 2 on a symbolically shown only and perpendicular to the plane extending support or DIN rail 8 can be fixed.

The device 1 serves to protect electrical installations by limiting the power and / or energy consumption of an electrical load 10 and in particular provides the functionality of an electronic resettable load monitoring. For this purpose, the device 1 can be electrically connected to a supply line. In the exemplary embodiment, this is a two-pole DC power supply line with a rated voltage of 12 volts or 24 volts, which is provided by two bus bars 12, 14 extending perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. To produce the electrical connection, the device 1 for each busbar 12, 14 an associated contact member 16, 18, which is resiliently deformable in an associated contact carrier 20, 22 is arranged. The contact carrier 20, 22 may consist of an electrically insulating material and / or may be movably mounted in the device 1, in the embodiment according to the arrows 24, 26 at right angles to the busbars 12, 14 to be slidably mounted.

In the illustrated state, the device 1 is two-pole connected to the supply line. The connection to the busbars 12, 14 can be made and interrupted individually, to which the contact carriers 20, 26 either directly from outside the housing 2 are manually movable or indirectly with a tool are manually movable. In the latter case, the contact carrier 20, 22 for this purpose have a tool engagement surface 28, 30. In the simplest case this can be formed by a depression or a survey in the outer contour of the contact carrier 20, 22. In the exemplary embodiment, the two contact carriers 20, 22 are individually movable. Alternatively, a mechanical coupling can be provided by means of which the two contact carriers 20, 22 are movable together.

As an alternative to the illustrated embodiment, the device 1 can also be connected to the supply line only in a single pole, and the second pole of the supply line can be connected via an optionally also used together with other consumers and directly connected to the consumer 10 return line.

The load 10 can be connected on the output side to the device 1 via connection terminals 32, 34. This may be screwless terminals 32, 34, which are equipped with a spring contact element and in which the connection line of the consumer 10 only has to be inserted.

In the interior of the housing 2, an electronic control element 36, which is formed for example by a MOS transistor, connected in series with a load line 38 connecting the contact member 16 to the terminal 32. The connection between the further contact member 18 and the other terminal 34 is looped through in the embodiment by the device 1. Alternatively, a further adjusting element can also be arranged in this connecting line. As a result, the load 10 could be disconnected from the supply line in all poles and / or fault current measurements could be carried out.

In the device, a control unit 40 is arranged, which has a central processing unit, for example in the form of a microcontroller 42. This is data-technologically connected to a data memory 44, which may have a read-only area and / or a freely writable memory area. The power supply of the control unit 40 can take place via the supply line, in particular, the control unit 40 can be connected to the contact members 16, 18 for this purpose. Alternatively or additionally, a preferably be rechargeable via the supply line energy storage device may be arranged in the device 1, which ensures an emergency operation of the control unit 40 in case of failure of the supply voltage in any case. The control unit can be connectable via a connecting line or a data bus with a secondary or superordinate control device and receive signals from there or send signals thereto.

The control unit 40 and in particular the microcontroller 42 controls the control element 36, for example, the gate terminal of a transistor. For a determination of the current flowing on the load line 38, a so-called shunt resistor can be arranged either in the load line 38 or, alternatively or additionally, the control element 36 itself can return a signal to the control unit 40, which inferences on the load line 38 flowing electricity there. For example, the voltage dropping across the gate / source path can be detected, which in particular, taking into account the parameters of the control element 36 and the other operating parameters, allows conclusions to be drawn about the current flowing on the load line 38. The determined current is evaluated by the microcontroller 42 on the basis of a specifiable triggering characteristic stored in particular in the data memory 44 and Accordingly, the actuator 36 is controlled, in particular switched off.

One or more parameters of the tripping characteristic are adjustable by a first adjustment means 46, which is mechanically accessible from outside the device 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the first adjusting means 46 in the region of the bottom 4 opposite and arranged to this plane-parallel top 48, and with respect to the surface 50 set back in the interior of the housing 2 is arranged. The upper side 50 has a housing opening, into which a tool can be inserted, by means of which the first adjusting element 46 can be actuated. In a corresponding manner, a second adjusting means 52 is arranged, which is also connected to the control unit 40. The adjustment elements 46, 52 can also be flush with the surface 50 or even protrude beyond this. The adjusting elements 46, 52 can also be directly operated manually.

The device 1 further comprises an optical signal element 54, which is connected to the control unit 40 and can signal the operating state of the device 1, for example by emitting green light in the case of normal operation and by emitting red light in the event of triggering of the device 1 Alternatively or additionally, acoustic or other signal elements may also be provided.

Furthermore, the device 1 has a fault message output 56, to which an interference line can be connected, via which the operating state of the device 1, in particular the triggering of the shutdown, can be signaled to a secondary or higher-level control device. Of the Fault message output 56 can basically be identical to the terminals 32, 34 are formed, in particular as a screwless spring contact.

The surfaces of the housing 2, on which the terminals 32, 34 and / or the fault message output 56 are arranged, are flat and perpendicular to the plane of the drawing Fig. 1 , These surfaces are terraced behind and arranged one above the other with an inclination between 10 and 45 °, in particular about 30 °, relative to the surface 50, and are connected to each other via at right angles to the surface 50 arranged connecting surfaces. As a result, a space-saving arrangement with simultaneous easy operation of the terminals 32, 34 is ensured even in the installed state of the device 1.

The Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of an arrangement of a total of seven devices 1 according to the invention, which are lined up contours the same. At the back of the first contact carrier 20 is not visible because he is in the pushed back, completely housed in the housing 2 position. In contrast, the second contact carrier 22 is visible in the pushed out of the housing 2 position in which he (as in the Fig. 1 shown), the bus bar 14 can electrically contact. It is particularly advantageous that in the retracted position of the two contact carriers 20, 22, the device 1 can be mounted on the support rail 8 and also the electrical load 10 can be connected while the device 1 is still de-energized. In addition, in this way, individual devices 1 from the in the Fig. 2 individually displayed or added composite shown. This is the assembly and also simplifies maintenance. On the parallel to the bottom 4 extending, step-like arranged surfaces on the back of each opening slots 58 are provided through which a manually operable from the outside actuating means of the contact carrier 20, 22 can pass, or over which a tool can be inserted from the outside, by means of the contact carrier 20, 22 is movable.

On the frontal surface 50, the optical signal element 54 and the first and second adjusting means 46, 52 are arranged in a straight line one behind the other. The adjustment means 46, 52 may be, for example, a rotatable tap changer and / or a potentiometer, wherein, in particular when using a potentiometer, at least one intermediate or end position can be latched for a basic setting of the triggering characteristic. On the adjoining the surface 50 first inclined surface, an opening 60 is provided in addition to the fault signal output 56, solved by means of which the connected fault signaling line and / or can be fixed; in the same way, the other inclined surfaces are equipped, which have the terminals 32, 34.

As a result of the juxtaposition of the devices 1, the associated fault message outputs 56 are arranged in a row in a straight line one behind the other. In this way, it is particularly easy to implement collective interference leads, for example by inserting a contact comb into a plurality of fault signal outputs. Alternatively, at least one fault message output can be forwarded individually to a higher-level control device.

The Fig. 3 shows by way of example the adjustability of the tripping characteristic by means of the adjusting means 46, 52, wherein in the double-logarithmic representation of the dependence of the turn-off time t _{A of} the device 1 is shown by the reference to the rated current value I _N current I in the load line 38. As known from circuit breakers, the tripping characteristic can be represented by a characteristic curve. By way of example, three associated characteristic curves are shown. The rated current value of the device 1, for example 2 A or 5 A, is selected according to the load 10 to be connected. A device 1 according to the invention can only have a single adjusting means, with which only this rated current value of the device 1 can be set, upon reaching which the device 1 switches off the consumer 10 as quickly as possible. The characteristic curve of the dependence of the turn-off time t _A from the current value I in the load line 38 is then invariable.

In a further embodiment, it is also possible, the position of a fixed characteristic with an adjustment horizontally and / or vertically in the diagram of Fig. 3 to shift, ie the current value I and / or the turn-off time t _A multiplied by a factor. In addition, an adjustment may be provided, with which the curve shape of the characteristic curve can be changed, for example as in the Fig. 3 starting from the left solid curve over the dashed curve to the right solid curve shown. According to the right-hand continuous characteristic, the device 1 tolerates a higher current I for a longer time and switches off, for example, at a load current which is twice as high as the rated current, only after about 30 seconds. For consumers 10, where this can not be tolerated, for example, the left-hand continuous characteristic can be set according to a load current, the twice as high as the rated current of the device 1, is switched off after less than 100 ms.

Embodiments are also possible in which the shape of the characteristic curve can be selectively adjusted, for example, it can be made steeper or flatter overall or in sections.

The adjustment means 46, 52 offer the possibility to simulate almost any tripping characteristics, in particular to adjust the tripping characteristic also very specifically to each connected consumer 10 individually. Preferably, for example, in the data memory 44, a factory set tripping characteristic is specified, which can be overwritten or changed by the adjustment elements 46, 52.

In the FIGS. 4a and 4b Two possible signal curves for the load current i (t) are shown. In both cases, the rated load current I _N = I ₀ . In the first case of Fig. 4a A relatively slow but steady increase in the load current at time t ₁ causes a shutdown because the area under the integral (i (t) -I ₀ ) * dt becomes greater than a threshold value G.

In the second embodiment of Fig. 4b reaches the load current i (t) while briefly a peak value I ₂ , which is greater than the current I ₁ , but it is not turned off, because the integral (i (t) - I ₀ ) · dt remains smaller than the predetermined limit value G. , Depending on which arithmetic operation is applied to the current profile i (t), for example also the formation of the integral (i ² (t) -I ₀ ) · dt, different consumers 10 can be optimally protected.

Claims (14)

1. An apparatus (1) for automatically switching off or switching an electrical consumer (10), the apparatus (1) having an electronic adjusting element (36) connected in series to a load line (38) of the electrical consumer (10) and a control unit (40) which, by means of a pre-specifiable trigger characteristic, evaluates a current i(t) flowing over the load line (38) and controls the electronic adjusting element (36), in particular switches off the electrical consumer (10), the apparatus (1) having at least one setting means (46, 52) with which the trigger characteristic can be set within pre-specifiable limits, characterised in that the apparatus has a setting means (52) that is mechanically accessible from outside of the apparatus (1) and that can be actuated directly manually or indirectly manually with a tool, with which the dependency of a response time (t_A), after expiry of which the adjusting element (36) is controlled, upon the current i(t) flowing over the load line (38) can be set.
2. The apparatus (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the apparatus (1) has a further setting means (46) with which a nominal current value (I_N) of the trigger characteristic can be set.
3. The apparatus (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the apparatus (1) has a means for activating a pre-specifiable basic setting for the trigger characteristic.
4. The apparatus (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the at least one setting means (46, 52) is arranged set back in relation to a surrounding surface (50) of a housing (2) of the apparatus (1) and/or can only be actuated with a tool.
5. The apparatus (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the apparatus (1) has a security element with which a setting made by the setting means (46, 52) can be secured against unintentional or unauthorised change.
6. The apparatus (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the control unit (40) evaluates the temporal progression of the current i(t) flowing over the load line (38), in particular such as to form the product i(t) · t or i²(t) · t from the current i(t) flowing over the load line over the time t.
7. The apparatus (1) according to any of Claims 1 or 6, characterised in that the apparatus (1) has a contact component (16, 18) by means of which the apparatus (1) can be connected electrically to a terminal of a direct current supply line or to a phase of an alternating current supply line, and that the contact component (16, 18) is mounted moveably in the apparatus (1), in particular displaceably in the apparatus (1), and as a result of the movement deforms spring elastically and in this way can be connected electrically to the supply line.
8. The apparatus (1) according to Claim 7, characterised in that the contact component (16, 18) can be moved from outside of the apparatus (1) directly manually or indirectly manually with a tool.
9. The apparatus (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the apparatus (1) can be connected electrically at both terminals of a direct current supply line or to at least two phases, preferably to all phases, of an alternating current supply line.
10. The apparatus (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the consumer (10) can be connected to the apparatus (1) at at least two terminals, preferably at all of the terminals.
11. The apparatus (1) according to any of Claims 1 or 10, characterised in that the apparatus (1) has a separating element for galvanically separating the apparatus (1) from the consumer (10) and/or for separating the apparatus (1) from a supply line, and that the separating element can be controlled by the control unit (40).
12. The apparatus (1) according to any of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the apparatus (1) has a reset element for resetting the apparatus (1) after triggering.
13. The apparatus (1) according to Claim 12, characterised in that that reset element can be actuated from outside of the apparatus (1) directly manually or indirectly manually with a tool.
14. The apparatus (1) according to any of Claims 1 or 13, characterised in that the apparatus (1) is arranged in a housing (2) by means of which the apparatus (1) can be secured to a carrying rail (8) and can be placed in series on the carrying rail (8) with further apparatuses (1) and/or other components of the electrical installation.

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