EP2017402A2 - Floor panel - Google Patents

Abstract

Base plate comprises a covering plate and an insulation (2) with a groove (5) and/or a tongue (4) on its periphery which is formed by lateral delimiting surfaces (8). Preferred Features: The tongue has a width which is the same or slightly larger than the inner width (W1) of the groove. The groove is fixed to the insulation.

Description

The invention relates to a floor slab, in particular a floor slab, consisting at least of a cover plate and an insulation arranged underneath.

Such floor panels are known. The floor panels are stacked against each other and / or bonded to the ground to form a floor covering on a substrate. A floor covering of such floor panels is also known as dry screed.

A floor covering made of such floorboards isolated a room from the bottom cold. However, there are very often gaps between the individual floor slabs. So it is possible that at Laying the floor tiles Move dirt particles between the individual floor tiles. This dirt prevents adjacent floor panels from lying close to each other. Furthermore, the gaps are the result of small dimensional or angular inaccuracies, in particular in the design of the insulation. The insulation is often cut out of block materials and has a considerable thickness to increase the insulating effect, z. B. of up to 30 cm. Low angle tolerances between the lateral, located on the circumference boundary surfaces to the top plate bearing top of the insulation lead to z. B. wedge-like gaps between the insulation of adjacent floor panels. This results in cold spots. The thermal bridges worsen the insulating property of the floor covering, which is why the invention is based on the object of providing a floor panel or a floor covering comprising the floor panels according to the invention, in which the insulating properties are improved compared to the known floor panels.

The object is achieved in a floor slab, in particular a floor slab, which consists of at least one ceiling plane having a cover plate and insulation, characterized in that the insulation has at its periphery lateral boundary surfaces and at the boundary surfaces of the insulation at least two superposed grooves and / or two springs arranged one above the other are provided.

The groove of a first bottom plate cooperates with the spring of a second, adjacent bottom plate, so that a kind of labyrinth seal is formed between two plates. Even if a gap remains between the bottom plates, the gap is closed at least in the region of the tongue and groove and it arises above this tongue and groove connection a space that is thermally separated from the cold bottom and does not form a cold bridge. The proposal according to the invention therefore permits certain dimensional tolerances without impairing the insulation the production of the plate, whereby the plate is cheaper to produce. In addition, the invention also "forgives" the inclusion of dirt between the floorboards without degrading the thermal insulation. Thus, the invention achieves a higher insulating effect with low costs (higher tolerances, dirty ground).

According to the invention it is proposed that two grooves or springs are provided on the bottom plate according to the invention. This results in double safety A possible gap between the two base plates is reliably sealed in two places. The arrangement of the groove or spring on the cover plate preferably at right angles arranged boundary surface is arbitrary, these may be symmetrical or more oriented on the bottom or top.

At least the insulation is somewhat compressed at least by the pressure exerted on the insulation from above, causing the upper inner surface of the groove to be pressed against the upper surface of the spring and the lower surface of the spring against the lower inner surface of the groove. At least in this area, any existing gap is interrupted. The pressure is caused, for example, by the weight of the cover plates or by furniture set up on the floor covering or the like.

Another advantage of the floor slab according to the invention is that identical floor slabs can be used for laying. The groove of the insulation of a first base plate cooperates with the spring of the insulation of a further base plate. The grooves and springs are distributed on the circumference such that, for example, the spring of the insulation of the first floor panel with the groove of the insulation of a second floor panel and another spring of the first insulation with the groove of the insulation of a third bottom plate and a respective spring of the insulation of the zweit.und third bottom plate with the grooves of the insulation of a fourth bottom plate are engaged. In the production of z. For example, several insulations may be cut out of a block, with the contour of one of the side surfaces of the insulation of a first bottom plate corresponding to the negative contour of that side surface, adjacent side surface of another insulation.

If dirt particles also get into the tongue and groove between the plates and thus the bottom plates do not come close to each other, here too the flooring is close to each other at least in the region of the upper and lower surface of the spring at the upper and lower inner surface of the groove , The gap is thus interrupted in any case, which increases the insulating property of the floor covering.

Tongue and groove are arranged on the bottom plate, that two boundary surfaces of the insulation are provided with at least one groove and two other boundary surfaces of the insulation with at least one spring. The groove or the spring is arranged in each case on, for example, opposite boundary surfaces. According to a preferred embodiment, however, each have two adjoining boundary surfaces groove or spring. The spring of a first bottom plate engages after laying in the groove of a second bottom plate, so that the bottom plates are close to each other. For floor slabs that are laid in the edge area of a floor, the spring is removed, so that the floor plate rests close to the side wall of a room.

The planar extension of the cover plate defines the ceiling plane. By a configuration such that at least the upper or lower surface of the spring or at least the upper or lower inner surface of the groove substantially parallel are oriented to the top surface or substantially parallel to the assembly direction of the plate, one achieves a much better mechanical.Verbund the two adjacently arranged floor panels than for example by a toothing with slanted teeth or toothed racks. Characteristic of a toothing is that obliquely extending surfaces are provided with each other corresponding to adjacent plates arranged and form only a slight positive engagement between them. This arrangement is not the case with the invention, since precisely here no optimal, secure gap seal is achieved. The characteristic of the bottom plate according to the invention is that the springs dive into the groove with a considerable depth and so, for example, even with a shrinkage of the insulation, which inevitably leads to a gap in the adjacently arranged boundary surfaces, still no deterioration of the insulation continuous Gap occurs because still the abutting surfaces and inner surfaces of spring and groove safely seal and isolated. If, however, only a toothing arranged or, for example, a cuspidate design with corresponding corresponding counterparts, so arises at certain shrinkages or spacings due to dirt or mating inaccuracies, etc. immediately directed from the area to be insulated outward, continuous gap, the intended for the desired In this respect, the proposal according to the invention combines a high mechanical stability through the tongue-and-groove connection with a high insulating effect and tightness even in unfavorable installation situations or when the insulating material is still shrinking.

The assembly direction of the plates is defined by how cleverly the spring is inserted into the groove. The assembly direction must not necessarily be parallel with the ceiling level, it can also give this other arrangements.

But according to the invention it is also possible that the upper and lower surfaces of the spring or the upper and lower inner surface of the groove encloses a preferably acute angle with the ceiling plane. The same result according to the invention is thereby also achieved if at least parallel upper and lower Surfaces of the spring or parallel upper and lower inner surfaces of the groove are provided, which are then also skilfully parallel to each other, but not necessarily even parallel to the ceiling plane, but can be oriented differently. Again, a stable bond and a dense, well insulating arrangement of the bottom plates is achieved.

Advantageously, the insulation consists of an elastic and / or deformable material, so that the insulation not only isolates the room from the cold, but is also suitable as impact sound insulation. Another advantage of an elastic and / or deformable material is that small bumps on the ground can be compensated. Furthermore, this makes it possible to dispense with overly precise manufacturing tolerances, since, for example, springs which are too large or grooves which are too small can be compensated for by deformation of the tongue or widening of the groove.

For example, plastic is provided as the material for the insulation, with an expanded plastic in particular being suitable here. Expanded plastics are foamed plastics that contain much air between the solid particles and are therefore relatively compliant. As expanded plastic polystyrene is proposed here, for example. Polystyrene has the property that it compresses somewhat but is relatively stable when pressure is applied to a large area. When printing on the cover plate, which distributes a punctual pressure evenly over the entire surface, Styropor does not yield. However, when printing on small areas that will Styrofoam slightly compressed.

As another material is called foam rubber, which has somewhat harder properties than, for example, foam. Preferably, expanded polystyrene is used, which is foamed in block and then cut accordingly. Polyurethane foam is similar to hard or soft as expanded polystyrene, but has high thermal insulation properties, so that it is also suitable for use as insulation in the floor slabs according to the invention. Other materials, such as compressed wood chips or fibers are also suitable as insulation material. As fibers, for example, fibers of wool, cotton, cellulose or mineral wool are provided.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the insulation has a significantly lower heat transfer coefficient than the cover plate. The insulation is also optimized for this. With a comparable thickness, at least a ratio of the heat transfer coefficients of the cover plate to insulation of at least 2, preferably at least 5, particularly preferably at least 10, or in a special embodiment of at least 20 is sought, that is, the heat transfer coefficient is at least 2 maI (or 5, 10, 20 or even 100 times) worse in the material of the insulation than in the material of the cover plate.

The spring may have a width that is equal to or slightly greater than the width of the groove. If the width of the spring is equal to the width of the groove, the upper and lower surface of the spring on the upper and lower inner surface of the groove without gap tightly and thus interrupt any existing cold bridge between two floor panels. According to a further embodiment, the width of the spring is slightly larger than the width of the groove, so that the spring, when it is inserted into the groove, squeezed slightly or slightly widened the groove is. The projection in the width is only a few tenths of a millimeter, which already leads to the fact that the surface rests reliably sealing and insulating on the inner surface of the groove. The connection between tongue and groove is referred to as a press fit. Both plates are thus firmly connected to each other and can only be released from each other again with great force. Any dimensional inaccuracies or tolerances are safely compensated. It reliably forms a gap seal in the area of the groove.

According to a further embodiment, the spring has a height which is smaller than the depth of the groove. The spring is so in the groove recording. The remaining boundary surfaces of two plates come in this way close to each other, the spring head and the groove bottom have a sealing together.

Advantageously, the edges of the spring are provided with a chamfer. The bevel acts as an insertion aid and facilitates the threading of the spring into the groove. In general, the invention includes not only a chamfer as an insertion aid, but any other embodiment of an insertion. The insertion aid or chamfer is arranged in an example according to the invention, for example between the spring, which cooperates with the groove bottom of the groove, on the one hand and an upper or lower surface of the spring on the other. Another advantage of the bevels is that the edges of the spring are not so easily damaged during transport, for example. On impact, the right-angled edges break easily. Chamfered edges, however, withstand higher loads.

The contour of the groove corresponds to the contour of the spring. This is, for example, due to manufacturing technology, since the individual plates are cut out of a large block and at the same time the spring of a second plate is made in producing the groove of a first plate and thus the groove the negative the spring forms. By making the individual plates in a mold, the shape is also easier to remove from the chamfered groove without damaging edges.

For example, polystyrene floor panels are cut out of a block with a hot wire. The cutting width is in this case relatively narrow, so that the spring of a first plate then interacts well with the groove of the adjacent plates. Another advantage of cutting a bottom plate by means of a hot wire is that the surface of the bottom plate is melted and thus laminated. The individual pores of the material are closed after cutting and form a stable outer layer.

According to a first embodiment, only one spring is provided on a boundary surface and only one groove is provided on the further boundary surface, however, it has proven advantageous to provide at least two grooves or springs arranged one above the other on each boundary surface. Any existing gap is interrupted in at least two places. A plurality of air chambers, which are not connected to one another, are formed, which themselves do not act as insulation chambers because convection does not form in them.

The larger the distance between the two grooves and springs, the larger the air chamber. The air chamber forms a further insulation. For this reason, it is advantageous if the grooves or the springs are as far apart as possible and the first seal is as far as possible at the cold end or cold edge of the base plate according to the invention. The improvement of the insulating properties can be improved by further arrangements of tongue and groove per boundary surface. A significant improvement has already been achieved in that per boundary surface two grooves or two springs one above the other (based on the arrangement of a laid base plate) are provided.

According to a further embodiment, at least one groove and at least one spring may be provided for each boundary surface, so that the spring of a first bottom plate engages in the groove of a second bottom plate and the spring of the second bottom plate engages in the groove of the first bottom plate. Again, there is a labyrinth seal and the same effect that between the two groove and spring connections an existing gap has an air chamber, which increases the insulating property.

The cover plate is firmly connected to the insulation. Here, the cover plate may be connected by means of a mechanical attachment to the insulation. For example, the cover plate recesses, in particular recesses with undercuts and the insulation is integrally formed on the cover plate or the cover plate is connected in the simplest embodiment with the insulation by gluing.

The cover plate is provided at its periphery with plate grooves and plate springs. The arrangement of the plate grooves and springs is provided as in the insulation on opposite side surfaces or on adjacent side surfaces. The side surfaces of the cover plate are aligned as the boundary surfaces of the insulation perpendicular to the top surface.

The height of the plate spring is smaller, equal to or greater than the height of the spring of the insulation. In the embodiment in which the height of the plate spring is smaller, when laying the bottom plates in a first position groove and spring of the insulation are first engaged with each other. Are the heights of the spring and plate spring the same size, tongue and groove of the insulation and the cover plate are engaged simultaneously and is the height of the plate spring is greater than the spring of the insulation, are in the first position, the plate spring and plate groove engaged with each other and in the second position, the tongue and groove of the insulation. The latter variant has the advantage that during assembly first the plate spring are placed on the corresponding plate groove of the neighboring plate or these two come into contact first and so a correspondingly accurate leveling is achieved, which, in accordance with dimensionally accurate production, and at the same time Spring brings the insulation to the right altitude. As a result, the laying of the floor slab according to the invention is considerably facilitated.

In a preferred embodiment, two base plates are at an angle to each other for laying, so that first the plate spring and plate groove are engaged with each other. In a next position, the second plate is pivoted at an angle, so that both lie in one plane. Tongue and groove of the insulation are then engaged with each other in this position. Here it is particularly advantageous if plate groove and / or the plate spring are formed substantially wedge-shaped. In this way, the plate groove of the bottom plate, which is at an angle to the first bottom plate, projects into the spring. In the next position, both plates abut each other. In a third position, the second bottom plate is pivoted at an angle, so that both plates lie in the same plane.

Before joining the floor panels groove and / or spring are provided with adhesive which hardens after joining the plates and firmly connects the floor panels together. In this procedure, to connect floor panels together, it is also advantageous that the upper, the plate groove delimiting portion of the cover plate is shorter (relative to the depth of the groove) formed as the plate groove after bottom limiting section. Also, this design of the cover plate or the plate groove and spring facilitates the joining together of two base plates in a linear direction towards each other, since first the spring is placed on the lower, the plate downwardly bounding portion. After a linear displacement plate groove and diaphragm spring into each other.

The wedge-shaped formation of plate groove and. Plate spring also facilitates the assembly. In the embodiment in which the height of the plate spring is smaller than the depth of the plate groove, a gap left between the bottom surface and the plate groove and end surface of the plate spring is provided for receiving unnecessary adhesive. This prevents adhesive material from bulging on top of the bottom plates.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the depth of the groove of the insulation is greater than the height of the plate spring. Such a configuration ensures that a gap-free connection of the individual floor panels to each other is achieved when installing the floor panels. This arrangement ensures that the plate spring can fully submerge in the plate groove of the adjacent plate and this movement is not limited by the abutment of the spring in the groove.

In this context, it should be noted that the different depth or height information in each case relate to the boundary surface, which is oriented in a variant according to the invention (by way of example, not limitation) perpendicular to the ceiling plane or cover plate and extends on the circumference of the plate. The groove is formed so that it protrudes from the boundary surface, the spring, however, projects beyond the boundary surface and has a height with respect to this. In this way, the measures are to be understood in the drawing.

According to a further embodiment may be provided on the bottom surface of the groove, an additional recess which receives in the formation of the same height and depth of the ceiling spring and ceiling groove superfluous adhesive residues. The recess is introduced, for example, by milling in the bottom surface of the plate groove.

In particular, the cover plate is made of a material having a high strength. The surface must be shock and impact resistant, high loads, especially furniture., Wear and possibly be liquid-repellent. Advantageously, the cover plate made of wood in which solid wood is used in particular here. The cover plate can be made in one piece and completely cover the surface of the insulation. According to a further embodiment, the cover plate consists of a plurality of interconnected wooden strips, such as parquet or floorboards, which are glued together and completely cover the entire surface of the insulation.

The plate spring projects according to an embodiment over the surface of the insulation and has, for example, the same height as the spring of the insulation. According to a further embodiment, however, the cover plate can be reset so far relative to the surface of the insulation that the spring does not or only partially protrudes beyond the insulation. In the case of the second base plate, the lower and upper section delimiting the plate groove projects beyond the insulation, which also leads to the interruption of a possibly existing cold bridge. The adhesive can also be heat or cold conductive. The connection to any existing gap between the insulation is interrupted.

According to a further embodiment, the cover plate of chipboard or chipboard or OSB boards, made of laminated or glued wood or another material made of wood. These Sheets can then be sealed or coated with another floor covering, such as a carpet. Alternatively, as a cover plate and z. As a ceramic tile or stone tile, etc. provided ..

Furthermore, a laminate or linoleum is provided for the cover plate. Also, cover plates are made of other durable and attractive materials that are not listed here.

With the invention, not only the single floor slab is claimed, but also a floor covering consisting of at least two or more juxtaposed floor slabs, wherein the floor covering has a high insulating effect. In particular, cold bridges are avoided. The spring or springs of a first bottom plate cooperate with the groove or grooves of a second bottom plate. The bottom plates are glued together at least in the area of the cover plates. Gluing the insulation together is not necessary because slippage of the plates is excluded by the glued cover plates. To connect the bottom plates are in a first position first plate groove and plate spring engaged and in a second position both plate groove and plate spring and the tongue and groove of the insulation into each other, but the arrangement may be reversed .. In a first position are the: tongue and groove of the insulation and in a second position and the plate groove and plate spring engaged with each other.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the plates are tilted in a position prior to joining against each other and only in a position after joining both plates lie in a plane to each other. This has the advantage that at. Forming the height of the plate spring and spring of insulation first plate groove and plate spring together Engage and only in the second position, the tongue and groove of the insulation are interconnected.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a floor covering by means of the floor panels, as also covered by the invention. According to the invention, it is proposed that for connecting the bottom plates, the bottom plates are arranged to each other such that in a first position, the plate groove and plate spring and in a second position, the plate groove and plate spring and the tongue and groove of the insulation engage with each other. Such an arrangement is achieved, in particular, in that the second base plate to be laid is pointed in a direction to the first base plate already laid. Angle is made relative to the support plane and thus engages the plate spring of the second plate in the plate groove of the first bottom plate. In the further course, it is then provided according to the invention that the floor panels to be joined are tilted against each other in a position prior to joining and are arranged in a position after joining in a plane to each other. This means that the second floor slab is then lowered down to the floor. It is clear that the alignment of the floor slab to be laid along its projecting plate springs much easier and laying the floor slabs according to the invention is much faster than with conventional floor slabs, which must be inserted resting on the ground into each other. In addition, insertion with the insertion aids, in particular the chamfers on the spring, is facilitated.

In the following the invention is exemplary, described in more detail in an embodiment with reference to a drawing.

Fig. 1

zwei erfindungsgemäße Bodenplat- ten, voneinander getrennt, in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 2

die erfindungsgemäßen Bodenplatten nach Fig. 1 in einer Stellung vor dem Zusammenfügen und

Fig. 3

zwei erfindungsgemäße Bodenplatten nach Fig. 1 in einer Stellung nach dem Zusammenfügen.

Show it:

Fig. 1

two floorboards according to the invention, separated from each other, in side view;

Fig. 2

after the floor panels according to the invention Fig. 1 in a position before joining and

Fig. 3

two floorboards according to the invention Fig. 1 in one position after assembly.

The base plate according to the invention is designated 1, 1 'in the figures. In the figure, the respective side areas and area of two adjacently arranged floor panels 1, 1 'are shown, wherein without apostrophe the left panel and apostrophe is designated the right panel. The bottom plate 1, 1 'consists of an insulation 2, 2' and a cover plate 3, 3 'arranged on the insulation 2, 2'. As is clearly visible in the embodiment shown here, the ceiling plane 30 is oriented at right angles to the boundary surface 8. However, the invention is not limited to this, other configurations can be selected. Preferably, the cooperating boundary surfaces 8, 8 'are parallel to each other and made dimensionally accurate. The insulation 2, 2 'according to this embodiment consists of expanded polystyrene and is made by cutting out of a polystyrene block. The spring 4 of the first insulation 2 is aligned with the groove 5 of the second insulation 2 ', so that groove 5 and spring 4 mesh in a position after assembly. The post-assembly position is in Fig. 3 shown.

According to a first embodiment, the width B1 of the spring 4 is slightly smaller than the clear width. W1 of the groove 5. The height H1 of the spring 4 is slightly smaller than the depth T1 of the groove 5. This training is particularly in the production of individual plates of advantage, since when cutting the plates, for example with a hot wire, the spring 4th of the first. Insulation 2 forms the positive of the groove 5 of the insulation 2 'of the second floor panels 1'. Groove 5 and spring 4 of the two floor panels 1, 1 'form a labyrinth seal which: substantially reduces the formation of a cold bridge.

According to a further embodiment, the width B1 of the spring 4 corresponds to the clear width W1 of the groove 5 and the height H1 of the spring 4 to the depth T1 of the groove 5, so that the groove 5 and the spring 4 cooperate as positively as possible.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, in particular the width B1 is slightly larger than the inside width W1 of the groove. 5, so that the material of the spring 4, when the spring 4 is inserted into the groove 5, is slightly compressed and the upper surface 4/1 and the lower surface 4/2 of the groove 5 in the inserted state against the upper and lower inner surface. 5 / 1, 5/2. the groove 5 is pressed. At least in this area are groove 5 and spring 4 close together and any existing gap between the boundary surfaces 8, 8 'of the insulation 2, 2' is interrupted at least at this position .. Should both bottom plates 1, 1 'not close to each other, there between two grooves 5 and two springs 4 an air chamber which has an additional insulating effect and the cold bridge interrupts.

As can be seen in the drawing, the insulation 2, 2 'with a cover plate 3, 3' is provided, wherein the cover plate 3, 3 'advantageously by means of an adhesive to the insulation 2, 2' is glued. The insulation 2, 2 'can also be formed on the cover plate 3, 3' or be connected by means of mechanical fastening options with the insulation 2, 2 '. The cover plate 3, 3 'has at least two of its side walls depending on a plate spring 6 and a plate groove 7, wherein the height H2 of the plate spring 6 is slightly larger than the height H1 of the spring according to the illustrated embodiment 4. When assembling both floor panels. 1 , 1 'engages in a first position, the plate spring 6 in the plate groove 7 of the cover plate 3, 3' of the second bottom plate 1 'and only in a second position act the springs 4 of the insulation 2 of the first base plate 1 with the groove 5 of the insulation 2 'of the second bottom plate 1' together. This facilitates the joining of the two floor panels 1, 1 'considerably.

In order to simplify the threading of the groove 5 in the spring 4, the edges of the groove 5 are provided with a chamfer 4/3.

In particular, plate spring 6 and plate groove 7 are wedge-shaped. According to the illustrated embodiment, only the upper surface 6/1 of the plate spring 6 has a slope which cooperates with the inclined upper wall 7/4 of the section 7/1 of the plate groove 7. The lower surface 6/2 of the plate spring 6 is aligned parallel to the top surface 9, 9 'of the insulation 2, 2' and lies flat on the wall 7/5 of the plate groove 7 bounding portion 7/2 .. advantageously, the height H2 the plate spring 6 is slightly smaller than the depth T2 of the plate groove 7, so that between the end face. 6/3 of the plate spring 6 and the bottom surface 7/3 of the plate groove 7 a pocket for receiving excess adhesive is formed.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one surface 6/2 of the plate spring 6 is oriented substantially parallel to a surface 4/1, 4/2 of the spring 4 and / or at least one wall 7/5 of the plate groove 7 in is substantially parallel to an inner surfaces 5/1 or 5/2 of the groove 5. The function of the plate spring 6 is with the Spring 4 in the insulation similar, that is, at least all three spring-like elements (plate spring 6 and the two springs 4) have the task in corresponding grooves (plate groove or groove in the insulation) intervene. Cleverly, the. Embodiments selected the same way to achieve a corresponding stability and easy installation.

The invention is, however, not determined in any way. True, is in Fig. 1 shown that a first left bottom plate 1 is provided at its boundary surface 8 with the springs 4 and plate spring 6 and the corresponding second, right bottom plate 1 'has the respective grooves, but it can also be mixed to the effect that, for example, both together adjacent boundary surfaces 8, 8 'alternately groove and springs are available, so show a mixed arrangement. This solution is part of the invention. Analogously, of course, all other relations and dimensions are also transferable for this case.

The plate spring 6 is preferably made of the material of the floor covering, for example of wood, and is therefore relatively more stable than the material of the spring, which is integrally connected to the insulating material and therefore often also of insulating material, for example polystyrene, etc., exists. In a clever alternative arrangement according to the invention, it is proposed that the distance S2 of a wall 7/5 of the plate groove 7 to an inner surface 5/1, 5/2 of the groove 5 is greater than the distance S1 of the corresponding surfaces 6/2 of the plate spring 6 the corresponding surface 4/1 and 4/2 of the spring 4th

It is clear that, for example, when joining the two abutting plates, the upper surface 4/1 cooperates with and corresponds to the upper inner surface 5/1. The same applies of course to the respective lower surfaces in an analogous manner. By the specified measurement ratio, a certain tension is formed on the spring 4 and so tightness produced, even if, for example due to any impurities could form a gap. The dimensional differences are small, they are in the range of a few tenths of a millimeter. The insertion of the spring into the groove is facilitated by the insertion, in particular the chamfer 4/3 accordingly.

In Fig. 2 two bottom plates 1, 1 'are shown, wherein the bottom plate 1' is inclined relative to the bottom plate 1 by an angle. It can be seen that in this state, the plate spring 6 of the bottom plate 1 with the plate groove 7 of the bottom plate 1 'already cooperate with each other, while the springs 4 of the first bottom plate 1 and the springs 4 of the second bottom plate 1' are still spaced apart. The chamfers 4/3 on the springs 4 allow the groove 5 limiting edge 5/3 slides over the spring 4.

In Fig. 3 are the two. Floor panels 1, 1 'to recognize in the assembled state. The cover plate 3, 3 'is a chipboard according to this embodiment. For the cover plate 3, 3 'but also plates made of solid wood, glue or composite wood can be provided. Likewise, as a cover plate: a solid plastic, a laminate, etc. provided.

The claims now filed with the application and later are attempts to formulate without prejudice to the attainment of further protection.

If, on closer examination, in particular also of the relevant prior art, it should emerge that one or the other feature is favorable for the purpose of the invention, but not decisive, then of course already now seeking a formulation that no longer has such a feature, especially in the main claim.

It should further be noted that the embodiments and variants of the invention described in the various embodiments and shown in the figures can be combined with one another as desired. Here, one or more features are arbitrarily interchangeable. These feature combinations are also disclosed with.

The references cited in the dependent claims indicate the further development of the subject matter of the main claim by the features of the respective subclaim. However, these should not be construed as a waiver of the formation of independent, objective protection for the features of the dependent claims.

Features that have hitherto been disclosed only in the description may be claimed in the course of the method as of essential importance to the invention, for example to distinguish from the prior art.

Features which have been disclosed only in the description, or even individual features of claims comprising a plurality of features, may at any time be included in the first claim for distinction from the prior art, even if such. Features associated with other features have been mentioned or achieve particularly favorable results in connection with other features.

Claims (15)

Base plate, in particular a floor insulation panel, comprising at least one cover plate (3) having a ceiling plane (30) and an insulation arranged thereunder, and the insulation (2) has lateral boundary surfaces (8, 8 ') at its periphery and at the boundary surfaces (8 , 8 ') of the insulation (2, 2') at least two superimposed grooves (5) and / or two superimposed springs (4) are provided. Base plate according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the upper or lower surface (4/1, 4/2) of the spring (4) or at least the upper or lower inner surface (5/1, 5/2) of the groove (5) is oriented substantially parallel to the ceiling plane (30) or substantially parallel to the assembly direction of the bottom plate. Base plate according to one or both of the preceding claims, characterized by mutually parallel upper and lower surfaces (4/1, 4/2) of the spring (4) and / or parallel upper and lower inner surfaces (5/1, 5/2) of the groove. Base plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that two boundary surfaces (8) of the insulation (2) with at least two grooves (5) and two further boundary surfaces (8 ') of the insulation (2) with at least two springs (2). 4) is provided and / or the insulation (2) consists of an elastic and / or deformable material and / or as a material for the insulation (2, 2 ') a plastic, in particular an expanded plastic such as expanded polystyrene (PS), sponge rubber or polyurethane foam or natural materials such as compressed wood chips and fibers, in particular fibers of wool, cotton, cellulose or mineral wool is provided and / or the insulation has a significantly lower heat transfer coefficient than the cover plate. Base plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring (4) has a width (B1) which is equal to or slightly greater than the clear width (W1) of the groove (5) and / or the spring (4 ) has a height (H1) which is less than or equal to the depth (T1) of the groove (5) and / or the spring is provided with an insertion aid, in particular the edge of the spring with a chamfer (4/3) and / / or the spring is arranged integrally on the insulation. Base plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grooves (5) or the springs (4) are spaced as far as possible from each other and / or the upper groove (5) or spring (4) in the upper third, in particular in the upper fifth of the insulation (2) and the lower groove (5) or spring (4) in the lower third, in particular in the lower fifth of the insulation (2) is provided. Base plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover plate (3) is fixedly connected to the insulation (2) and / or the cover plate (3) is provided at its circumference with a plate groove (7) or a plate spring (6 ) is provided. Base plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the height (H2) of the plate spring (6) is smaller than, equal to or greater than the height (H1) of the spring (4) of the insulation (2) and / or the Depth (T2) of the plate groove (7) is formed larger than the height (H2) of the plate spring (6) and / or the plate groove (7) and / or the plate spring (6) is substantially wedge-shaped and / or in the installed position of upper, the plate groove (7) limiting portion (7/1) of the cover plate (3) is shorter than the plate groove (7) downwardly bounding portion (7/2) and / or the depth (T1) of the groove (5) the insulation is greater than the height (H2) of the plate spring (6). Base plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pocket is provided in the plate groove (7). Base plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one surface (6/2) of the plate spring (6) is oriented substantially parallel to a surface (4/1, 4/2) of the spring (4) and / or at least one wall (7/5) of the plate groove (7) is substantially parallel to an inner surface (5 / 1.5 / 2) of the groove (5) and / or the distance (S2) of a wall (7/5) the plate groove (7) to an inner surface (5 / 1.5 / 2) of the groove (5) is greater than the distance (S1) of the corresponding surface (6/2) of the plate spring (6) to the corresponding surface (4 / 1, 4/2) of the spring (4). Base plate according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the cover plate (3) consists of a material which has a high strength and / or the cover plate (3) in particular of plastic, or of wood, such as solid wood, chipboard or OSB boards, made of composite wood - or glued wood panels or is designed as a tile or flagstone. Floor covering, consisting of at least two or more juxtaposed floor panels according to one or more of the preceding claims. Floor covering according to claim 12, characterized in that the springs (4) of the insulation (2) of a first floor panel (1) cooperate with the grooves (5) of the insulation (2) of a second floor panel (1 ') and / or the floor panels ( 1, 1 ') at least in the region of the cover plates (3, 3') are glued together and / or the upper or lower surface (4/1, 4/2) of the spring (4) of the first bottom plate close to the upper or lower Inner surface (5/1, 5/2) of the groove (5) is applied. A method for producing a floor covering according to one or both of the preceding Claims 12 and 13, characterized in that for connecting the floor panels (1, 1 ') the floor panels (1, 1') are arranged relative to one another such that in a first position the panel groove (7) and plate spring (6) and in a second position, the plate groove (7) and plate spring (6) and the groove (5) and spring (4) of the insulation (2, 2 ') engage with each other. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the floor panels (1, 1 ') to be joined are tilted against each other in a position prior to joining and are arranged in a position after joining in a plane to each other.

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