EP1987290A1 - Dispositif de declenchement d' avalanche - Google Patents
Dispositif de declenchement d' avalancheInfo
- Publication number
- EP1987290A1 EP1987290A1 EP07731022A EP07731022A EP1987290A1 EP 1987290 A1 EP1987290 A1 EP 1987290A1 EP 07731022 A EP07731022 A EP 07731022A EP 07731022 A EP07731022 A EP 07731022A EP 1987290 A1 EP1987290 A1 EP 1987290A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- balloon
- avalanche
- explosive mixture
- injection nozzle
- inflation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
Definitions
- the invention relates to an avalanche triggering device for the protection of sites such as roads, ski slopes or agglomerations, particularly after heavy snowfall.
- sites such as roads, ski slopes or agglomerations, particularly after heavy snowfall.
- a first technique consists of having an explosive charge deposited by an operator on the slope where the avalanche is to be caused.
- the emplacement of the explosive in the slope can be carried out according to two methods, namely the launching and sliding of loads.
- the charging of the charge it is conventionally carried out using slow wick or electric.
- a remote triggering device is known as CATEX. It is a carrier cable for bringing an explosive to a predetermined firing area and accessible by the carrier cable.
- GAZEX Another device is known as GAZEX. This is described in document FR 2,636,729. It comprises a closed-bottomed barrel having a front mouth open towards the snowpack. he further comprises a combustion gas supplying circuit and a fuel gas supplying circuit, the two gases coming from two separate sources. Nozzles for filling the barrel with these gases are arranged on various zones of the barrel and an ignition device is mounted at the rear of the latter.
- the explosive gas mixture consisting for example of propane and oxygen, is formed in the barrel, the explosion being caused by the ignition device.
- This device although having proved effective, must be mounted in a fixed manner in the risk zone. It is therefore not transportable easily, which requires the mounting of a device on each firing zone.
- US Pat. No. 4,873,928 describes a device for generating a shock wave by exploding an explosive gas contained in a balloon.
- the device comprises an expandable balloon, a device for filling the balloon with an explosive mixture of oxygen and hydrogen, and an ignition device for triggering the explosion.
- the document EP 1 031 008 describes a similar device in which the balloon is simply fixed on a support, the tip turned downwards, so that during inflation, the balloon is directed upwards.
- the shock wave generated by the explosion of the balloon is transmitted in a small part to the snowpack because of the orientation of the explosion.
- LoCAT are used in the United States.
- the invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a transportable avalanche triggering device whose explosion is mainly directed towards the snowpack, requiring neither the transport nor the storage of explosive, and whose use is in conformity with the different national legislations.
- the invention relates to a triggering device.
- avalanche device comprising a chassis equipped with attachment means for transporting the device, in particular by a helicopter using a rope, the chassis comprising, at the top, a storage area of at least one fuel tank; gas intended to form an explosive mixture and, in the lower part, a device for supporting a plurality of elastic balloons each having an inflation nozzle turned towards the upper part, the body of each balloon extending in the opposite direction, the balloons being offset relative to one another, means for feeding the explosive mixture facing the inflation nozzle of a balloon, an injection nozzle, means for igniting the explosive mixture, means being provided to successively bring the injection nozzle and the ignition means facing the inflation tip of each balloon.
- the device can therefore be transported to different firing zones above the snowpack, in order to provoke an avalanche by exploding a balloon situated at the bottom of the device. The explosion is thus directed mostly towards the snowpack.
- this device being equipped with several balloons, it is possible to perform a series of explosions, which allows either to guarantee the triggering of an avalanche since several successive shots are sometimes necessary, or to be able to trigger several avalanches in different areas, without having to recharge the device.
- the balloon support device is mounted movably on the frame to successively bring the inflation nozzle of each balloon facing the injection nozzle and ignition means.
- the injection nozzle and the ignition means are movably mounted on the frame to come successively opposite the inflation nozzle of each balloon.
- the balloon support device is formed by a cylinder pivotally mounted on the frame.
- the chassis is equipped at its lower end with a cage open downwards for guiding and protecting the balloon during its inflation.
- the cage makes it possible to prevent the balloon from bursting by collision with the rest of the device when the balloon is set in motion by the device swing or because of the force exerted by the wind on the balloon.
- the guiding and protective cage is covered over at least part of its height and from its upper end, a frustoconical skirt.
- the device comprises a camera for monitoring the avalanche and / or the balloon.
- the operator can monitor the inflation and explosion of the balloon as well as the condition and movement of the snowpack.
- the means for feeding the explosive mixture comprise reservoirs of the various gaseous components intended to form the explosive mixture, for example oxygen, hydrogen and / or propane, and a mixer intended to form the explosive mixture from gaseous components.
- the gases used to make the explosive mixture are of low cost and require neither special storage and transport precautions, nor specific preparation.
- the balloons are latex balloons. They can also be formed by other elastic materials.
- the ignition means are means for producing a flame or a spark.
- the ignition means are integrated with the injection nozzle, so as to simplify the kinematics and the embodiment of the device.
- the injection nozzle is displaceable in translation between an inflation position in which the injection nozzle is connected to the tip of a balloon, and a withdrawal position in which the injection nozzle is disconnected from the nozzle. tip.
- the balls are regularly distributed with an offset of an angle ⁇ of a balloon relative to the other, the cylinder being actuatable step by step in rotation by a multiple of the angle ⁇ .
- the rotation step by step of the barrel makes it possible to make a quick and simple change of balloon.
- the balloon support device, the explosive mixture feed means, the injection nozzle and the ignition means of the explosive mixture can be remotely actuated by control means.
- an operator located at a distance from the device for example placed inside the helicopter carrying it, can control the inflation and the explosion of a balloon as well as the recharging of the device.
- Figure 1 is an overview of a helicopter carrying the device
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of the device in a first state in which the balloon is not inflated
- Figure 3 is a view corresponding to Figure 2 showing a second state of the device in which the balloon is inflated;
- Figure 4 is an enlarged front view of a portion of the device having a first step of disposing a first balloon
- Figure 5 is a view corresponding to Figure 4 and having a second step of inflation and ignition of the first balloon;
- FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to Figures 4 and 5 and having a third step of disposing a second balloon;
- FIG. 1 shows an avalanche triggering device 1 connected to a helicopter 2 by a rope 3 of length between 30 and 45 meters. The device is brought to the top of the snowpack at the firing zone.
- this device 1 comprises a longitudinal chassis 4 of substantially cylindrical shape and equipped with attachment means 5 at a first end facing the helicopter 2.
- the clipping means are formed by a loop for receiving a hook or a carabiner disposed at one end of the rope 3.
- This frame comprises, in the upper part, a storage area 6 of bottles 7 forming reservoirs of oxygen and hydrogen or propane.
- the bottles are preferably regularly distributed around the longitudinal axis XX of the frame 4 so as to balance the forces due to the weight of each bottle 7.
- the frame 4 comprises a cylinder 8 mounted pivotally about a YY axis parallel to the longitudinal axis XX of the frame 4 and offset laterally thereto.
- the barrel 8 comprises a plurality of enclosures 10 open at their two ends and in which are arranged the balloons 9 in the deflated state. The latter comprise inflation tips, the opening of the tips being directed upwards and coinciding with the upper opening 11 of the speakers 10 of the barrel 8.
- the balloons 9 used are latex balloons and are clamped on the speakers 10, at their upper opening 11, so as to make a tight connection.
- Barrel 8 thus forms the support of a plurality of balloons 9 whose inflation tip is turned towards the upper part and whose body is turned on the opposite side so as to extend downwards during inflation.
- the chassis 4 also comprises means for feeding an explosive mixture opposite the inflation nozzle of the corresponding balloon, an injection nozzle 12 for the explosive mixture and means for igniting the mixture (not shown).
- the means for feeding the explosive mixture are formed by the oxygen or air bottles, the hydrogen or propane bottles and by a plurality of pipes 13 connecting each bottle to a mixer 14, the latter making it possible to carry out the explosive mixture.
- the mixture is then brought to the injection nozzle 12 which, as shown in Figures 6 to 8, performs the inflation of the balloon with the explosive mixture.
- the ignition means of the explosive mixture can initiate the explosion phenomenon. They can be formed by means of producing a flame or a spark.
- the frame 4 further comprises a guide and protection cage 15 of the balloon 9 at its end facing downwards, that is to say turned towards the snowpack, once the device 1 in the position of use. .
- the balloon 9 is guided during its inflation by the cage 15 of generally hemispherical shape and open downwards.
- the cage 15 has a diameter corresponding to that of the balloon once inflated, that is to say approximately equal to 1.5 meters.
- the cage makes it possible to ensure the protection thereof. Indeed, the rocking of the device 1 and the force exerted by the wind on the balloon 9 can cause a rocking of the latter and its bursting by collision with the device 1.
- the guiding and protective cage 15 is covered over part of its height and from its upper end, a frustoconical skirt 16.
- This skirt 16 guides the waves from the explosion to the snowpack. It thus avoids a lateral dissipation of the energy of the explosion and makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the device. It also protects the elements on the chassis.
- a camera 17 monitoring the avalanche and the balloon is disposed at the lower end of the device 1 and laterally relative to the frame 4.
- the camera 17 provides the operator with images of the balloon 9 to monitor its inflation and its explosion. It also allows the operator to visualize the snowpack, especially the area directly above the helicopter.
- FIGS 4 to 6 detail the process of inflation and explosion of the balloons 9.
- FIG. 4 represents a first step in which a first chamber 10 of the barrel 8 is arranged so that the corresponding upper opening 11, and therefore also the tip of the balloon 9, is arranged in the longitudinal axis of the nozzle injection 12, this axis corresponding to the longitudinal axis XX of the chassis 4.
- the injection nozzle 12 is in the upper position during this first step.
- the injection nozzle 12 is displaced in translation in the direction of the upper opening
- the injection nozzle 12 is then mounted sealingly on the nozzle, so as to ensure the inflation of the balloon 9 with the explosive gas mixture.
- the increase of the volume of the balloon pushes the latter to be partially extracted by the lower opening of the corresponding chamber 10, so as to be housed in the guide and protection cage 15.
- the ignition means (not shown) are integrated with the injection nozzle 12, so that the ignition can be carried out directly after the inflation step of the balloon.
- the ignition means causing the explosion of the balloon 9, shock waves from the explosion then affect the snowpack.
- the injection nozzle 12 is removed from the upper opening 11 of the first chamber and the barrel 8 is actuated in rotation by an angle ⁇ corresponding to the angular offset of the balloons relative to each other.
- the barrel is thus actuable in steps so as to arrange the upper opening of a second chamber, directly adjacent to the first, in the axis XX of displacement of the injection nozzle 12 and the ignition means, so that a second balloon contained in the second chamber can be inflated.
- the barrel 8 may for example comprise 11 balls so as to be able to perform as many consecutive explosions without the need to recharge the device, the bottles 7 forming a gas tank being dimensioned so as to allow the inflation of all the balloons 9 of the barrel 8.
- the avalanche triggering device further comprises control means (not shown) of the balloon support device, means for feeding the explosive mixture, the injection nozzle 12 and means for igniting the explosive mixture.
- control means comprise a control box providing an interface for the operator, this box making it possible in particular to control the inflation and explosion operations, either separately or automatically, for example by means of an inflation timer.
- They further comprise wireless connection means between the various actuators of the device and the control unit disposed inside the helicopter.
- These means of Wireless links are for example formed by a radio transmitter and receiver.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiments of this system, described above by way of example, but it encompasses all variants.
- the device for supporting the balloons could be in the form of a slide, the balloons being evenly distributed on the slide and spaced apart by a distance d, the slide being displaceable by not in translation by a distance d , so that the slide allows to successively bring the inflation nozzle of each balloon facing the injection nozzle and ignition means.
- the ignition means can be separated from the injection nozzle, the explosive mixture can be of different composition, the barrel is not necessarily actuable step, the frustoconical skirt can also form the guiding and protective cage of the balloon or the support device is fixed relative to the chassis, the injection nozzle and the ignition means being adapted to successively bring the inflation tip of each balloon facing the injection nozzle and ignition means.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0601648A FR2897931B1 (fr) | 2006-02-24 | 2006-02-24 | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanche |
PCT/FR2007/000315 WO2007096524A1 (fr) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-02-21 | Dispositif de declenchement d’avalanche |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1987290A1 true EP1987290A1 (fr) | 2008-11-05 |
EP1987290B1 EP1987290B1 (fr) | 2010-03-31 |
Family
ID=37103190
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07731022A Not-in-force EP1987290B1 (fr) | 2006-02-24 | 2007-02-21 | Dispositif de declenchement d' avalanche |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8342096B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1987290B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE462934T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE602007005613D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2343213T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2897931B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2007096524A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2897931B1 (fr) * | 2006-02-24 | 2008-05-09 | Technologie Alpine De Securite | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanche |
FR2925152B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-14 | 2013-06-28 | Technologie Alpine De Securite T A S | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanches |
DE102009037705B4 (de) * | 2009-08-18 | 2014-03-27 | Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auslösen von Lawinenabgängen |
DE102009061084B4 (de) * | 2009-08-18 | 2018-06-21 | Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Brunnenanlagen |
FR2953922B1 (fr) | 2009-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanches |
FR2958739B1 (fr) * | 2010-04-09 | 2012-05-11 | Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanche |
EP2823858A1 (fr) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-14 | Brossel, Rémy | Système générant un champ de contraintes et dispositif médical mettant en 'uvre celui-ci |
RU2627393C1 (ru) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-08-08 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Глобал Майнинг Эксплозив - Раша" | Заряд взрывчатого вещества для метательного снаряда, способ приготовления этого заряда и метательный снаряд со взрывчатым веществом (варианты) |
FR3101940B1 (fr) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-10-15 | Tech Alpine De Securite Tas | Système de déclenchement d’avalanches |
FR3110688B1 (fr) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-05-27 | Martin Paour | Système de déclenchement préventif d’une avalanche |
FR3111420B1 (fr) * | 2020-06-15 | 2022-05-20 | Brp | Equipement pour système de déclenchement d’avalanches et système comprenant un tel équipement et une enceinte d’explosion |
FR3117581B1 (fr) | 2020-12-15 | 2022-11-25 | Patrice Margueron | Dispositif pour générer une onde de choc |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4873928A (en) | 1987-06-15 | 1989-10-17 | Apti, Inc. | Nuclear-sized explosions without radiation |
CH675023A5 (fr) * | 1988-01-12 | 1990-08-15 | Zermatt Air Ag | |
AR245818A1 (es) * | 1988-03-03 | 1994-02-28 | Schippers Jacob | Dispositivo para desencadenar un alud. |
FR2636729B1 (fr) | 1988-09-19 | 1990-12-07 | Schippers Jacob | Procede et dispositif pour declencher une avalanche |
DE4302252C1 (en) * | 1992-02-24 | 1993-09-09 | Franz 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen De Wendl | System for artificially triggering snow avalanches from helicopter - involves lowering explosive means from helicopter by special electrical cable with load reception housing, distance holder and detonator. |
EP0690285A1 (fr) * | 1994-06-29 | 1996-01-03 | Air Zermatt | Méthode et dispositif pour déclencher des avalanches à l'aide de charges explosives |
FR2771168B1 (fr) * | 1997-11-17 | 1999-12-10 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de declenchement artificiel d'une avalanche et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
IT1311085B1 (it) * | 1999-03-11 | 2002-02-28 | Monterosa S P A | Dispositivo e procedimento per provocare artificialmente una valanga |
GB2351797A (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2001-01-10 | Delta K Explosive Engineering | Explosive device for triggering avalanches |
US7707938B2 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2010-05-04 | Hisel Stanley D | Apparatus and method for avalanche control |
FR2897931B1 (fr) * | 2006-02-24 | 2008-05-09 | Technologie Alpine De Securite | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanche |
FR2925152B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-14 | 2013-06-28 | Technologie Alpine De Securite T A S | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanches |
-
2006
- 2006-02-24 FR FR0601648A patent/FR2897931B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-02-21 AT AT07731022T patent/ATE462934T1/de active
- 2007-02-21 DE DE602007005613T patent/DE602007005613D1/de active Active
- 2007-02-21 US US12/280,598 patent/US8342096B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-21 ES ES07731022T patent/ES2343213T3/es active Active
- 2007-02-21 EP EP07731022A patent/EP1987290B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-02-21 WO PCT/FR2007/000315 patent/WO2007096524A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2007096524A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE462934T1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
WO2007096524A1 (fr) | 2007-08-30 |
DE602007005613D1 (de) | 2010-05-12 |
FR2897931A1 (fr) | 2007-08-31 |
ES2343213T3 (es) | 2010-07-26 |
FR2897931B1 (fr) | 2008-05-09 |
US8342096B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 |
EP1987290B1 (fr) | 2010-03-31 |
US20110005423A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
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