EP1964593A1 - Fire-resistant curtain - Google Patents

Abstract

A fire protection curtain (1) comprises two separated outer breadths (2) of temperature-resistant material having distributed pores, holes or openings (3) over their surfaces. Between the breadths in full height and width is an intermediate, especially textile, piece with all three layers being able to be wound onto a shaft. There is a spacer (10) that, in the event of a fire, maintains convection through the channels of the outer breadths.

Description

The invention relates to a fire protection curtain with at least two spaced apart and in the event of fire a space area temperature-resistant outer sheets, with pores, holes or openings in the range of these webs, wherein the webs are wound on at least one winding shaft. Optionally, at least one, in particular textile, intermediate layer is provided between the outer webs, expediently in their full height and width.

Such a fire protection curtain is for example from the DE 196 10 532 known. In this case, numerous embodiments are disclosed, including a design with substantially porous outer webs, which are permeable to a fluid. The outer tracks nestle relatively close to a, a distance between the outer tracks securing intermediate layer.

Outer tracks of a fire curtain, which are held by spacers from each other at a distance to namely to penetrate a fire protection foam in between, are from the DE-A-26 05 598 become known, with an accumulation of the foam in the lower part of the fire curtain is not prevented in this case, but in the case of the above DE 196 10 532 , in which just the intermediate layer exerts both the distance holding function as well as a certain distribution function for a cooling fluid.

Although the present invention is based on the DE 196 10 532 However, it is by no means limited to the aforementioned distribution function for a cooling fluid originating from the intermediate layer. Rather, as will be seen, in the present invention, the intermediate layer (optionally in addition) has another function.

In a first step of the invention, the invention is based on the finding that, in the event of fire, there is a not inconsiderable difference in temperature across the surface of the fire protection curtain, which can be exploited for cooling convection.

In a second step of thinking is a spacing arrangement provided by which the outer webs at least in case of fire, a convection over the pores, holes or openings gestattenden distance are durable. Unlike the cited prior art, where the pores or apertures serve for the escape of water vapor (or other cooling fluid), in the subject invention ambient air may penetrate through these pores into the channel created by the spacer assembly and become due to the convective flow along the track or the liner exert a cooling effect there. This will undoubtedly be particularly the case especially on the side facing away from the fire.

The outer webs will be usually textile webs, but may also be formed of plastic sheets. If provided, the intermediate layer will usually include at least one textile web, but if desired, may also be formed by a metal sheet or provided with a sheet metal lining, which reflects the heat radiation of a fire. Also constructions with consumable substances, e.g. as a coating of the intermediate layer, are possible.

It is particularly advantageous if an intumescent substance (intumescent) is chosen as the intermediate layer or as a coating for the same or at least one of the outer webs. "In case of fire" should mean that this substance foams either by the contact with extinguishing water or (preferably) by the action of heat. In any case, such a substance has the advantage that so that the pores, holes or openings on the side where the source of fire is present then closed and gives a clear insulation effect, whereas at the back, so where the fire heat is not effective, a effective air cooling results.

The spacer arrangement can be realized in various ways. For example, it would be conceivable to provide a lateral guide rail for the curtain, which - in contrast to the guide rail after the DE 196 10 532 - Keeps the two outer webs at a distance from each other or from the intermediate layer, it being conceivable, each web, and optionally the intermediate layer, each on a Wind up separate winding shaft. However, an embodiment with spreading elements as a spacer is preferred.

It is also particularly favorable if the intermediate layer is made of a narrow state, e.g. for facilitated winding, can be brought into an expanded state. Again, this can be done in various ways, for example by the intermediate layer contains at least a substance capable of swelling due to temperature and / or water. But it is easier if the intermediate layer has an elastic textile structure, such as a loop structure or a mesh structure.

• Fig. 1 den prinzipiellen erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau des Brandschutzvorhanges;
• Fig. 2 eine erste Ausführung der an Hand der Fig. 1 am Brandschutzvorhang gezeigten Spreizelemente;
• Fig. 3 eine andere Ausführung von Spreizelementen;
• Fig. 4 die Wickelwelle in einem nach einer besonderen Ausführungsform gestalteten Gehäuse;
• Fig. 5 einen Längsschnitt durch eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines Gehäuses mit Wickelwelle und Brandschutzvorhang;
• Fig. 6 eine vereinfachte Ausführung mit nur zwei Bahnen mit im Abstand gehaltenen jeweils gesonderten (aber zweckmäßig gemeinsam angetriebenen) Wickelwellen und Öffnungen in von den Bahnen gesonderten Bauteilen, wobei die
• Fig. 7a), 7b) den unteren Bauteil der Fig. 6 in einer Perspektivdarstellung mit offenen und verschlossenen Öffnungen zeigen; und
• Fig. 8 eine andere vereinfachte Ausführungsform mit einer im Brandfall aufschäumenden Beschichtung des Textilmaterials.

Further details of the invention will become apparent with reference to the following description of exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawing. Show it:

• Fig. 1 the basic structure of the fire protection curtain according to the invention;
• Fig. 2 a first version of the hand on the Fig. 1 Spreading elements shown on the fire curtain;
• Fig. 3 another embodiment of spreading elements;
• Fig. 4 the winding shaft in a designed according to a particular embodiment housing;
• Fig. 5 a longitudinal section through a preferred embodiment of a housing with winding shaft and fire curtain;
• Fig. 6 a simplified design with only two tracks with spaced apart each separate (but expedient jointly driven) winding shafts and openings in separate from the web components, the
• Fig. 7a ), 7b) the lower component of Fig. 6 in a perspective view with open and closed openings; and
• Fig. 8 another simplified embodiment with an intumescent coating of the textile material in case of fire.

Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of a fire protection curtain 1 of three layers. Of these, two outer sheets 2 are porous, for example, as a mesh fabric executed. However, this is not absolutely necessary in the context of the invention, but they could also by others Textile materials, such as knit fabric, Ajour-bonded fabric or the like. be formed, and it is also possible to use a heat-resistant plastic with at least at the bottom and the top, but preferably over the whole area distributed holes or openings, corresponding to the grid openings 3, as a web 2 or such pores or openings only above and at the bottom of a fabric. In any case, the fire protection curtain 1 in a known manner in case of fire from its winding shaft (8 in Fig. 4 ) to partition off two areas of space.

Through these openings 3 through an air flow in a channel 4, which is formed in each case between an intermediate layer 5 between the two webs 2 and the respective web 2. Cooling air is therefore able to penetrate in the event of fire through the openings in the respective channel 4 and - due to the temperature gradient (in the upper region will always be the greater heat) - flow from the bottom upwards, the smoke-tight interlayer 5, which mainly the temperature load has to be carried, is cooled. This will be especially true for the burnferne side of the fire curtain 1.

The intermediate layer 5 can be covered over its surface (or at least one of them) with a reflector, that is to say about an aluminum sheet 5 ', in order to reflect radiant heat as far as possible away from the region of the curtain 1. However, the intermediate layer 5 could itself also be formed by a metal sheet, although this is less preferred. In general, the intermediate layer 5 will also be a textile web, for example a fleece, a felt or the like. or - preferably - have a loop structure 6 (terry cloth) or a mesh structure, so as to form on the one hand a wider barrier, on the other hand, to increase the surface for the convection cooling. In any case, the intermediate layer 5 will be relatively dense in order to prevent the passage of flue gases into the adjacent room. Preferably, it is substantially totally nonporous or smoke impermeable.

Preferably, however, the intermediate layer 5 has on at least one side an intumescent substance in the event of fire. This can be one in itself be known substance, which is brought to extinguish water by foaming, but it is preferably a so-called intumescent, foaming by heat substance, which closes the pores of the webs 2 by foaming. It then results in the effect that in case of fire over the pores of the back (the side facing away from the fire) air cooling, while on the fire side, the substance begins to foam and the pores closes, ie the insulating effect of the fire curtain is increased. The foaming substance could itself form the intermediate layer 5 itself, but it is preferred if the intermediate layer 5 consists of textile material and on at least one side, preferably on both, carries a layer with such a substance.

The mentioned and in Fig. 1 shown loop structure 6 can cause the fire curtain forms a relatively bulky winding or is difficult to wrap. In this case, various remedies are conceivable. For example, the loop (or mesh) could be soaked with a melting material, which holds the slings compressed in the cold state narrow and only in case of fire, the loops are free again. This would have the additional advantage that the melting energy or heat required for melting will provide an additional cooling effect. But it can also - as on hand Fig. 4 shown - at least one press roller 7 is provided in front of the winding shaft 8 in the housing 9 and be assigned to her so that compresses the material before winding from the expanded state to the folded state. In place of in Fig. 4 a pair of press rolls shown could also cooperate with a rigid surface which is guided along the curtain 1. On the other hand, it would also be possible to have more than two press rolls 7, in particular to be able to machine or press the width of the curtain 1, without the press rolls (because they are shorter) deflecting strongly over their length. Thus, press roller pairs could be provided successively or offset in the axial direction (direction of the curtain width) and / or in the winding direction.

To keep the channels 4 open, it has already been mentioned that the three layers (at best, it may also be more, as already indicated by the sheet metal layer 5 ') are held individually in guides of a lateral guide rail. However, it is preferred if spreading elements 10 are provided between the respective outer web 2 and the intermediate layer 5. These spreading elements can be rigid strips or the like per se, which then complicate the winding, however. It is preferred if the expansion elements 10 can be brought at least in case of fire from a folded state into a spreading state (as shown). "In case of fire" means that, for example, the spreading elements are "stuck together" with the aid of a heat- or water-sensitive fixing agent in the folded state, whereby the fixing agent (for example a wax) then dissolves in the event of fire and expands the spreading elements.

However, the "expansion" of the expansion elements in the expanded state can be done either by the inherent elasticity of these elements 10, which are then spring-like, or the material of these elements 10 has a kind of heat and / or water-dependent auszulösendem memory, so that the expansion elements in Fire are transferred to the expansion position shown to form the respective channel 4 and keep it open. In this case, the folded folded state is in turn particularly for the trouble-free winding in the smallest possible space of particular importance. Of course, the channel 4 may also be of particular importance when used as an intermediate layer 5 such as in the DE-A-196 10 532 which, for example, contains water distributed over its dimension. For the purposes of this regard, reference should be made to this DE-A, the contents of which, in the context of this description, should be deemed to be hereby incorporated by reference. This is especially true for the curtain materials described there.

As Fig. 1 illustrated, it is advantageous if the spreading elements 10 are distributed over the surface of the fire curtain 1 to keep the channels 4 with security over the entire width of the curtain open. In the FIGS. 2 and 3 For example, two embodiments are possible, and preferably elastic, spreading elements 10, 10 'shown. These spreading elements 10 are fastened either to the outer webs 2 and / or to the intermediate layer in order to hold them in each case. The type of attachment does not matter in itself. It is also possible to glue the sizing elements to at least one of the webs or layers, to sew on, to fasten or fasten by means of wire clips, although other types of fastening are also conceivable. In the case of the expansion element 10 ( Fig. 2 ) can be seen that it has a double spring element 11 on a base 12. The base, as indicated, can be slightly curved with a radius R, so that the winding around the winding shaft 8 (FIG. Fig. 4 ) is facilitated.

But also preferred are coil springs, as in Fig. 3 shown, which need not necessarily be designed as a cone coil springs, but can also be cylindrical. However, the cone shape brings the possibility of folding the individual spring coils very tight, which in turn facilitates the winding.

In the execution after Fig. 5 , in the same reference numerals have the same meaning as in the previous figures, reference numerals with an addition of a similar meaning, the winding shaft 8 is mounted with a stub shaft 13 along a rail 14 and movable either by its own weight (this is the left in Fig. 5 inclined position of the rail 14) or by a loading device, such as acting along the rail 14 spring against at least one, preferably (as shown) two, but possibly also several, support rollers 15 pressed. This ensures that the curtain 1 is always wound above a housing opening 16. On the other hand, this also helps with winding, because the curtain 1 runs so gently on the circumference of the winding shaft or wound on her Vohangwickels. Thus, the position of the rail 14 can be adapted to different winding diameter when unwinding or winding, it is advantageous if the rail 14 is itself movable, in particular rotatable about a rotary bearing 17, is mounted.

As soon as the curtain 1 wound up in its narrow state on the winding shaft 8 leaves the winding, the spreading elements 10 "come into action and spread the webs 2 away from the intermediate layer 5. As can be seen, the spreading elements 10" are slightly curved and therefore adapt to the winding up better the curvature of the roll around the winding shaft 8 at. It can also be seen that here the spreading elements 10 "are not attached only to an outer web 2 or only to the intermediate layer 5, but that their two aligned in the winding direction outer ends 10a are each attached to one of the webs 2, whereas their inner ends 10b at least abut each other on the intermediate layer 5 or are fixed there in such a way that they reach the folding position along the intermediate layer 5 during winding, while during unwinding, they are in the expanding state shown. Of course, the mobility of the ends of the spreading elements 10 "can also be achieved (only or additionally) be given on the side of the outer webs 2. However, the expansion elements 10 "designed in this way need not be elastic or otherwise have a bias, especially when the curvature is selected appropriately." The spreading effect occurs automatically as a result of the curvature of the spreading elements 10 ", as has been shown in practice.

It is also clear here that it would be possible to wind the two webs 2 and the intermediate layer 5 each on a separate winding shaft, but it is also clear that the co-winding on a single winding shaft 8 is space-saving and less expensive.

Numerous modifications are conceivable within the scope of the invention; For example, the spreading can take a variety of forms. Furthermore, for distance assurance instead of more or less elastic spreading elements also attached to the tracks 2 and / or on the intermediate layer 5 scales are provided which form convection channels, for example in the manner of roof tiles. It would also be conceivable to assign a spraying device to the press rollers 7, for example heatable, in order to feed the curtain during winding with a coating which solidifies the narrow state provided, which dissolves again, for example, in case of fire, such as fire extinguishing water or by the heat of fire. The spreading elements 10, 10 'or 10 "can be held in the folded state by means of a thermally or by water releasable fixing means, in which they lie flat against the curtain and can also be folded between a folded state and a spreading state (similar to that of FIG Opening and closing of venetian blind slats) can be adjusted mechanically, for example by means of an electric drive, by being connected to one another, for example, by a pull cable. or by an electric signal from a folding state in a spread state.

As has already been suggested above, the intermediate layer could include a material foaming in the event of fire due to heat and / or water. It should be noted, however, that the formation of the intermediate layer as from a narrow state, e.g. to facilitate winding, brought in an expanded state textile or (in a broader sense and also a terry material comprehensive) loop material also independent of the spreading is a protective invention.

In case of Fig. 6 are in a common curtain housing 9a two winding shafts 8a, 8b each mounted on a pivotable lever 18. Each of the levers 18 is expediently pivotable about an axis 19 extending approximately in the upper corner area of the housing 9a, so that the respective track 2a bears against a run-off edge 20 of the housing 9a and thus seals the housing 9a. While the tracks 2 of the previous figures that, especially from Fig. 1 have apparent lattice structure, the webs 2a are substantially smoke-tight, but may, for example, be coated with an intumescent substance to smoke-proof only in case of fire. In order nevertheless to be able to obtain air circulation or cooling, circulation openings are respectively accommodated in components separate from the webs 2a, as will be explained below.

In the foot region of the two webs 2a is a with openings 3a (see. Fig. 6, and 7a )) provided component 21, for example, at least approximately from Fig. 7 can have an obvious shape. This component 7 can be used in the opening of a wall 22 as a kind of threshold, to which the fire protection curtain 1 with the tracks 2a can be lowered. However, the component 21 can also be attached as a kind of drop rail at the lower end of the curtain 1 and thus act as a weight for the maintenance of the respective web 2 a. Of course it would also be possible to provide the web 2a itself with pores or openings at the lower end.

Like the arrows in Fig. 6 The space between the sheets 2a will act as the channel 4, with convection flow up through the openings 3a, especially when the left side (as shown) is heated by a source of fire 23. But so that the upwardly flowing air does not accumulate in the channel 4, openings 3b are mounted in the housing 9a, at the top thereof. Cool air thus flows in from below, absorbs part of the heat transmitted from the source of fire 23, and exits as hot air at the top of the housing 9a via the openings 3b.

Of course, it does not make sense if the air heated by the source of fire 23 penetrates through the openings of the component 21 into the channel 4. Therefore, a kind of valve arrangement is provided which closes the openings 3a in case of fire and only on the side facing the fire. This can be done by that, how special Fig. 7 a) illustrates that the openings 3a surrounding walls of the component 21 are coated with a heat-foaming, known per se substance, as indicated by the layers 24. These layers 24 so foam under the heat of the source of fire 23, so that the component 21 in the state after Fig. 7b) passes, in which all openings 3a are closed. This condition is in Fig. 6 indicated on the left side. However, on the right side, where cool air passes through the openings 3a, these openings 3a remain open, so that further air cooling takes place. But there on the left side of down no air can penetrate, there closes a flap valve and covers the upper openings 3b, whereas on the right side, where there is still an air convection, the flap valve 25 remains open.

The construction after Fig. 8 is that the Fig. 6 similar, so that the details already described there will not be treated again. It is different that here again outer webs 2 with lattice structure as in Fig. 1 used, but these have a coating with intumescent material. The grid pores are accordingly large to allow this. Therefore, on the side of the source of fire 23 foam the foam material under the action of heat and - as shown - close the grid structure, which again has the closing of the flap valve 25 result. On the cool (right) side, on the other hand, the air flow continues to be upright, with the upper openings 3b of the housing 9a not necessarily having to be realized, especially with the tracks 2 and their openings 3 distributed over the entire area.

It is understood that the structure of the fire curtain 1 will generally be symmetrical, i. that both outer webs 2 or 2a will be at least approximately the same, because one usually does not know on which side a fire could break out. There may, however, be applications such as closing a room against the outside, e.g. against a street where a fire on the street is unlikely to be expected, so that only one side of the fire curtain, such as the side facing the room, is to be formed in the manner described.

Furthermore, it is clear that within the scope of the invention, features of the individual embodiments can be interchanged, in part also be replaced by features of the prior art, without departing from the scope of the invention. Also, instead of an intumescent layer 24 for closing in the case of Fig. 7 Slits formed as slots 3a a, for example, from top to bottom sliding slide can be provided as a valve which is held by a consumable substance in the open position and in Fire arrives by the melting of such a fixing substance in a closed position.

Claims (9)

Fire protection curtain with at least two temperature-resistant outer webs (2), pores, holes or openings (3) separated from one another in the event of a fire in the region of these webs (2), wherein the webs (2) can be wound on at least one winding shaft (8) , characterized in that a spacing arrangement (10, 10 ') is provided, by which the outer webs (2) at least in case of fire in a convection over the pores, holes or openings (3) permitting spacing (channels 4) are durable. Fire protection curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that between the outer webs (2), expediently in its full height and width, at least one, in particular textile, intermediate layer (5) is provided that preferably between the outer webs (2) and the intermediate layer (5) each spreading elements (10 or 10 'or 10 ") are provided as a spacer assembly, and in particular that the spreading elements (10 or 10' or 10") can be brought from a folded state into a spreading state and the folding state in the winding shaft (8) wound state of the fire curtain (1) assume, however, the spreading state at least in case of fire and from the winding shaft (8) unwound state, and that preferably the spreading (10 or 10 'or 10 ") elastically from the Folded state in the Spreizzu-stand can be brought. Fire protection curtain according to claim 2, characterized in that the spreading elements (10 or 10 'or 10 ") can be brought under the effect of temperature and / or water from the folded state in the expanded state and preferably held by means of a thermally or by water releasable fixing in the folded state are. Fire protection curtain according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the spreading elements (10 or 10 'or 10 ") have at least one of the following features: a) they are on a track (2) and / or on the intermediate layer (5) b) they are curved in the winding direction approximately with the curvature (R) of the roll, c) they are arranged distributed over the surface of the fire curtain (1). Fire protection curtain according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the intermediate layer (5) has at least one sheet metal layer (5 '), such as of aluminum sheet. Fire protection curtain according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the outer webs (2) and / or the intermediate layer (5) on at least one side and at least in a partial surface region has a foaming in case of fire substance. Fire protection curtain according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the intermediate layer (5) from a narrow state, for example to facilitate winding, can be brought into an expanded state that preferably the intermediate layer (5) has a resilient or flexible textile structure, such as a loop structure or a mesh structure, and that, in particular, the winding shaft (8) is associated with at least one narrow-pressing roller (7). Fire protection curtain according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the intermediate layer (5) is substantially non-porous or smoke-impermeable. Fire protection curtain according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pores, openings or the like. at least one of the following conditions is sufficient: (a) they are distributed substantially uniformly over the surface of at least one of the outer sheets (2), for example in the form of a lattice structure of these sheets (2); (b) they are located at the bottom of the fire curtain (1) and at the top; (C) they are, at least in part, on a separate from the fire curtain (1) component, for example, in a curtain housing (9a), provided, preferably a valve-like closing means for the pores, openings or the like. is provided, for example, a flap (25) or a closure means by means of a foaming substance (24).

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