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EP1866545B1 - Systeme de stabilisation d'ecoulement pour compresseurs centrifuges - Google Patents

Systeme de stabilisation d'ecoulement pour compresseurs centrifuges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1866545B1
EP1866545B1 EP06705411.4A EP06705411A EP1866545B1 EP 1866545 B1 EP1866545 B1 EP 1866545B1 EP 06705411 A EP06705411 A EP 06705411A EP 1866545 B1 EP1866545 B1 EP 1866545B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
injection
orifice
flow passage
casing wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06705411.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1866545A1 (fr
Inventor
Zoltan Spakovszky
Christian Roduner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Accelleron Industries AG
Original Assignee
ABB Turbo Systems AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Turbo Systems AG filed Critical ABB Turbo Systems AG
Priority to EP06705411.4A priority Critical patent/EP1866545B1/fr
Publication of EP1866545A1 publication Critical patent/EP1866545A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1866545B1 publication Critical patent/EP1866545B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/444—Bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/684—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by fluid injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
    • F04D27/0238—Details or means for fluid reinjection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05D2250/52—Outlet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S415/00—Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
    • Y10S415/914—Device to control boundary layer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of centrifugal compressors of exhaust gas turbochargers. It relates to a device for blowing air into the flow channel of a centrifugal compressor according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • stabilizers are used in the intake of the compressor wheel in a variety of radial compressor stages of the latest generations.
  • This disadvantage can be avoided by appropriate measures to increase the stability of the given compressor stages at maximum load. This can be done by injecting air from the housing into the flow channel in the unopened space between the blades of the compressor wheel and the vanes of the diffuser. The dynamic stability in the range of high pressure conditions can be increased by the injection of air.
  • Coanda effect is a flow effect, according to which a fast-flowing fluid (gas or liquid), which flows along a surface of a solid, adheres to the surface and does not detach from the surface.
  • the compressed air nozzles are arranged in the housing wall defining the flow channel and screwed tight to the compressor housing. They can be moved in the openings, so that the blowing direction can be changed.
  • the nozzles are connected via a pipe to an external compressed air supply.
  • the CH 204 331 discloses a device for preventing the blasting of compressors. In the process, parts are sucked off in the region of the guide wheels through suction openings of the flow, which parts are subsequently fed further upstream to the flow. The reintroduction takes place by aligned in the flow direction, circumferential, nozzle-shaped slots.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simplified, inexpensive device for blowing air into the flow channel of a centrifugal compressor, which can be mounted in particular with little effort and has a high reliability in operation.
  • the nozzles are shaped as injection openings in the housing wall delimiting the flow channel.
  • the injection openings are fed directly by means of air taken from the collecting cavity downstream of the diffuser. This air has compared to the flow in the flow channel in front of the diffuser on an increased pressure.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the inventive device for blowing air into the flow channel can be easily realized by the cast compressor housing parts are provided directly with the corresponding openings. There are no additional nozzle elements or compressed air connections necessary.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section through a centrifugal compressor with a mounted on a rotatably mounted shaft compressor wheel.
  • the compressor wheel has a central hub 10 and thereon arranged rotor blades 11.
  • the compressor wheel is arranged in the compressor housing.
  • the compressor housing comprises a plurality of the flow channel for the medium to be compressed limiting parts.
  • an inner compressor housing wall In the area of the rotor blades of the compressor wheel, an inner compressor housing wall, the so-called insert wall 31, limits the flow channel 41 radially outwards. Radially inside the flow channel is limited in this area by the hub of the compressor wheel.
  • the flow channel 42 on the side opposite the insert wall 33 is bounded by a diffuser wall 20.
  • the diffuser comprises diffuser vanes 21, which are arranged in the flow channel. Further downstream of the Diffusorleitschaufeln the flow channel 42 opens into the collecting cavity 43 of the spiral-shaped screw housing 32, from where a line, not shown, leads to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine connected to the exhaust gas turbocharger.
  • the air flow is indicated in the figures in each case with the thick, white arrows.
  • the device according to the invention for injecting air into the flow channel comprises a return air duct 44, which downstream from the collecting cavity 43 the diffuser vanes 21 into the flow channel 42 between the blades 11 of the compressor wheel and the vanes 21 of the diffuser leads.
  • the air duct 44 may be formed as a cavity, which is bounded by insert wall 31, screw housing 32 and a partition wall 33 of the compressor housing.
  • the air duct 44 leads from a removal opening 52 in the compressor housing wall in the region of the collecting cavity 43 to an injection opening 51 in the compressor housing wall in the region between the rotor blades 11 of the compressor wheel and the guide vanes 21 of the diffuser.
  • the injection opening 51 which opens into the flow channel 42 in the region between the rotor blades 11 of the compressor wheel and the guide vanes 21 of the diffuser, is not cylindrical, but has an inner Coanda surface structure. This means as in Fig. 3 enlarged shown that the compressor housing wall has a protruding into the injection opening rounding, along which according to the Coanda effect, the air can flow.
  • the flow in the flow channel has a strong tangential component on exit from the area of the rotor blades of the compressor wheel.
  • the Coanda effect ensures that when the air is blown into the flow channel no strong turbulences and cross flows occur. Instead, the air which is likewise injected into the flow channel in the tangential direction remains attached to the rounding of the injection opening 51 and is introduced into the flow in the edge region of the flow channel in the direction of flow, as described in US Pat Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 indicated by the thin arrows.
  • the injection into the flow channel is passive, that is without control or actuators. Due to the higher pressure in the collecting cavity 43 relative to the flow channel 42 in the region between the blades 11 of the compressor wheel and the guide vanes 21 of the diffuser results in a compensating flow.
  • a plurality of injection ports 51 may be provided. These can all be connected to a single, annular or at least partially annular air duct 44. Likewise, a plurality of removal openings 52 may be arranged in the circumferential direction along the collecting cavity 43. Instead of an annular air duct 44, a plurality of divided air ducts divided by radially extending partition walls may be present, which supply one or more injection openings 51 with air for blowing in each case.
  • the openings of the device according to the invention can already be embedded in these during the production of the compressor housing parts. This can be done directly when casting the compressor housing parts by either prefabricated nozzle elements 62 poured into the housing wall and materially connected to the housing wall, or by the special contour of the injection openings is already integrated in the mold. In the prefabricated nozzle elements 62, a material is used, which connects to the casting wall with the steel of the housing wall without melting itself. Alternatively, the inlet and the injection openings can also be introduced into the compressor housing walls at a later time.
  • nozzle members 61 which are positively or non-positively connected to the compressor housing wall 31. This allows, for example, the retrofitting of existing turbocharger with the inventive device for blowing air into the flow channel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Dispositif pour insuffler de l'air dans le canal d'écoulement (42) d'un compresseur radial guidant un écoulement principal entre une roue de compresseur (10, 11) et une chambre de collecte (43), comprenant un nombre discret d'ouvertures de soufflage (51) qui sont réparties le long de la périphérie et qui sont disposées de manière orientée tangentiellement, lesquelles sont pourvues d'une structure Coanda et sont réalisées en forme de buse et à travers lesquelles de l'air peut être insufflé dans la direction tangentielle dans le canal d'écoulement (42) entre les aubes mobiles (11) de la roue de compresseur et les aubes directrices (21) d'un diffuseur,
    au moins une ouverture de prélèvement (52) étant pratiquée dans la paroi du boîtier de compresseur (32) dans la région de la chambre de collecte (43), et
    les ouvertures de soufflage (51) étant connectées à l'au moins une ouverture de prélèvement (52) par le biais d'un canal (44).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le canal entre l'au moins une ouverture de soufflage (51) et l'au moins une ouverture de prélèvement (52) est réalisé sous forme de chambre (44) au moins en partie annulaire, s'étendant dans la direction périphérique.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la chambre (44) est limitée par des parois du boîtier de compresseur (31, 32, 33).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une ouverture de soufflage (51) est pratiquée dans la paroi du boîtier de compresseur (31) limitant le canal d'écoulement et est formée par la paroi du boîtier de compresseur (31) limitant le canal d'écoulement.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une ouverture de soufflage (51) est formée par un élément de buse en une ou plusieurs parties (61) qui est disposé dans une ouverture de la paroi du boîtier de compresseur (31) et qui est connecté à la paroi du boîtier de compresseur.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une ouverture de soufflage (51) est formée par un élément de buse en une ou plusieurs parties (62), qui est intégré par liaison de matière dans la paroi du boîtier de compresseur (31).
  7. Turbocompresseur à gaz d'échappement, comprenant un compresseur radial avec un dispositif pour insuffler de l'air dans le canal d'écoulement (42) du compresseur radial selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
EP06705411.4A 2005-04-04 2006-03-22 Systeme de stabilisation d'ecoulement pour compresseurs centrifuges Not-in-force EP1866545B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06705411.4A EP1866545B1 (fr) 2005-04-04 2006-03-22 Systeme de stabilisation d'ecoulement pour compresseurs centrifuges

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05405278A EP1710442A1 (fr) 2005-04-04 2005-04-04 Système de stabilisation de courant pour compresseur radial
EP06705411.4A EP1866545B1 (fr) 2005-04-04 2006-03-22 Systeme de stabilisation d'ecoulement pour compresseurs centrifuges
PCT/CH2006/000171 WO2006105678A1 (fr) 2005-04-04 2006-03-22 Systeme de stabilisation d'ecoulement pour compresseurs centrifuges

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1866545A1 EP1866545A1 (fr) 2007-12-19
EP1866545B1 true EP1866545B1 (fr) 2015-06-17

Family

ID=35005737

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05405278A Withdrawn EP1710442A1 (fr) 2005-04-04 2005-04-04 Système de stabilisation de courant pour compresseur radial
EP06705411.4A Not-in-force EP1866545B1 (fr) 2005-04-04 2006-03-22 Systeme de stabilisation d'ecoulement pour compresseurs centrifuges

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05405278A Withdrawn EP1710442A1 (fr) 2005-04-04 2005-04-04 Système de stabilisation de courant pour compresseur radial

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7648331B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP1710442A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4819872B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101265814B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100529427C (fr)
RU (1) RU2389907C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006105678A1 (fr)

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DE102008015207A1 (de) * 2008-03-20 2009-09-24 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Fluid-Injektor-Düse
DE102009021968A1 (de) * 2009-05-19 2010-12-16 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Verdichter für einen Turbolader und damit ausgerüsteter Turbolader
US9567942B1 (en) * 2010-12-02 2017-02-14 Concepts Nrec, Llc Centrifugal turbomachines having extended performance ranges
FR2975451B1 (fr) * 2011-05-16 2016-07-01 Turbomeca Procede de soufflage dans un diffuseur de turbine a gaz et diffuseur correspondant
US8596035B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2013-12-03 Opra Technologies B.V. Apparatus and method for reducing air mass flow for extended range low emissions combustion for single shaft gas turbines
JP5167403B1 (ja) * 2011-12-08 2013-03-21 三菱重工業株式会社 遠心式流体機械
WO2014062372A1 (fr) * 2012-10-15 2014-04-24 Borgwarner Inc. Turbocompresseur à gaz d'échappement
JP2014152637A (ja) * 2013-02-05 2014-08-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 遠心圧縮機
JP6367660B2 (ja) 2014-09-19 2018-08-01 三菱重工コンプレッサ株式会社 遠心圧縮機
JP7047468B2 (ja) * 2018-03-05 2022-04-05 いすゞ自動車株式会社 ターボ式過給機、ターボ式過給システム及びターボ式過給システムの過給方法
DE102018115446A1 (de) * 2018-06-27 2020-01-02 Ihi Charging Systems International Gmbh Abgasturbolader
US11143201B2 (en) * 2019-03-15 2021-10-12 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Impeller tip cavity
CN111963490B (zh) * 2020-08-07 2022-06-21 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) 一种涡轮增压器有叶扩压器抑振结构
US11268536B1 (en) 2020-09-08 2022-03-08 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Impeller exducer cavity with flow recirculation
CN114321014B (zh) * 2021-12-24 2024-10-08 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 一种离心压气机径向扩压器局部自循环流动控制结构
DE102022120820A1 (de) 2022-08-17 2024-02-22 Rolls-Royce Solutions GmbH Verdichtergehäuse, Radialverdichter mit einem solchen Verdichtergehäuse, Radialverdichteranordnung, Abgasturbolader und Brennkraftmaschine

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FR963540A (fr) * 1950-07-17
US2052869A (en) 1934-10-08 1936-09-01 Coanda Henri Device for deflecting a stream of elastic fluid projected into an elastic fluid
CH204331A (de) * 1937-02-24 1939-04-30 Rheinmetall Borsig Ag Einrichtung zur Verhinderung der Strahlablösung bei Turboverdichtern.
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1710442A1 (fr) 2006-10-11
CN101180468A (zh) 2008-05-14
RU2389907C2 (ru) 2010-05-20
KR101265814B1 (ko) 2013-05-20
KR20070113323A (ko) 2007-11-28
JP4819872B2 (ja) 2011-11-24
RU2007140869A (ru) 2009-05-20
JP2008534858A (ja) 2008-08-28
WO2006105678A1 (fr) 2006-10-12
CN100529427C (zh) 2009-08-19
US7648331B2 (en) 2010-01-19
EP1866545A1 (fr) 2007-12-19
US20080038112A1 (en) 2008-02-14

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