EP1855848B1 - Cutting tool for cutting a plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The tool has a base (1) and a blade (2) that are movably fastened on a carrier (3), where the blade moves between an open position and a closed position. The base is extended in the direction of the cut through a foot (9) that exists in a t-shaped profile. The carrier includes a slot that is designed for receiving the blade in the course of cutting. A stopper (6) is provided for restraining the plate on the carrier during the cutting.

Description

The present invention relates to a cutting tool for cutting a plate made of a reconstituted material.

In the field of modern construction, structural elements formed or reconstituted from materials which are present or which are reduced to powder, fibers, granules or chips are often used. Thus, by way of non-limiting examples, plaster, cement or ceramic tiles are used as building or finishing elements, fiber cement cladding boards, medium density cellulosic fiber boards as slabs of coating or finishing and laminated sheets as elements of a floating floor.

Due to the nature of the mixture of components from which the plates are made or because of the use for which the plates are made, they have two characteristics in common: the hardness of the plate, or at least its face of use, and its thickness.

Each of these characteristics, taken alone, would not pose any particular problem for cutting a plate made of one of the reconstituted materials mentioned. Indeed, as soon as we have a cutting tool whose cutting edge is harder than the element to be cut, the success of cutting no longer depends on the effort that the operator of the tool can develop . Example: the cutting of ceramic tiles (so tiling). And as soon as we have a cutting tool capable of traversing the element to be cut into its entire thickness without being blocked, cutting is possible. Example: the cutting of a chipboard worktop.

But when the plates are made of a reconstituted material combining hardness and thickness, it is necessary to have a tool capable of overcoming these two cutting difficulties.

But the tool in question must also meet other requirements: the tool must be simple to use, easy to stabilize on a floor, especially on more or less irregular soil such as soil outside the workshop. In addition, it would be useful if the tool is not limited to a right-angle cut and has a means to prevent the plate from being driven out by the blade of the cutting tool.

By the document FR 575749 is already known a device for cutting rods electrical son, which comprises a support base, a blade shaped knife steel, which is mounted movable on the base and bosses against which the stick is supported during the cutting, the cutting angle being 45 °.

The known apparatus has the disadvantage that it does not cut plates of a reconstituted material, whose characteristics are the hardness and thickness.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a cutting tool for cutting a plate made of a reconstituted material, meeting the various requirements mentioned above.

The object of the invention is achieved with a cutting tool according to claim 1.

Thanks to this design of the invention, the flat cutting blade performs, in cooperation with the edges of the slot of the base, a double shear having the effect that the blade does not penetrate, during cutting, in the usual way in the material of the plate to be cut, but removes a strip of material from the plate. The width of the band corresponds substantially to that of the blade.

Thus, the plate made of a reconstituted material is not deformed, since it is supported on both sides of the blade, by the two parts of the base located on one side and the other of the slot of the basement. In addition, the cutting plate is retained on the base so that it can not escape in front of the descending blade during the entire cut through the stop.

• le tranchant de la lame a été obtenu par une découpe au laser ;
• la courbure de la lame est déterminée de manière que, dans toute position instantanée de la lame pendant la découpe, l'angle enfermé entre le support et la lame est au moins approximativement constant ;
• la largeur de la fente est supérieure à la largeur de la lame ;
• la butée, lorsqu'elle est un élément distinct, a une grande largeur ;
• la largeur de la butée correspond dans ce cas approximativement à la longueur de la fente ;
• la butée est un élément solidaire du support monté perpendiculairement par rapport à celui-ci ;
• la butée comporte une cale réglable permettant d'effectuer des coupes à angle variable ;
• la butée est un élément distinct monté angulairement variable sur le support ;
• la butée comporte une règle mobile en T permettant un appui du matériau reconstitué qui doit être découpé ;
• le socle est prolongé dans le sens de la coupe par un pied assurant la stabilité de l'outil dans le sens de la coupe et dans un sens transversal à celui-ci ;
• la lame est pourvue d'une poignée reliée à la lame par un bras formant levier ;
• le passage de la lame au bras est conformé pour venir en appui sur la butée, à la fin de la découpe, et pour limiter ainsi la course de la lame vers sa position fermée;
• la lame est pourvue d'une poignée déportée par rapport au dos de la lame de manière que la poignée soit située, à la fin de la découpe, approximativement au même niveau que la fente ou à un niveau inférieur à celle-ci.

The invention also relates to the following features, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:

• the cutting edge of the blade was obtained by laser cutting;
• the curvature of the blade is determined so that in any instantaneous position of the blade during cutting, the angle enclosed between the support and the blade is at least approximately constant;
• the width of the slot is greater than the width of the blade;
• the stop, when it is a separate element, has a large width;
• the width of the stop corresponds in this case approximately to the length of the slot;
• the stop is an integral element of the support mounted perpendicularly thereto;
• the stop has an adjustable shim for performing variable angle cuts;
• the stop is a separate element mounted angularly variable on the support;
• the abutment comprises a movable T-shaped ruler for supporting the reconstituted material to be cut;
• the base is extended in the cutting direction by a foot ensuring the stability of the tool in the cutting direction and in a direction transverse thereto;
• the blade is provided with a handle connected to the blade by a lever arm;
• the passage of the blade to the arm is shaped to bear against the stop at the end of cutting, and thus limit the stroke of the blade to its closed position;
• the blade is provided with a remote handle relative to the back of the blade so that the handle is located at the end of cutting, approximately at the same level as the slot or at a level below it.

• la figure 1 montre un outil de coupe selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention en position fermée,
• la figure 2 montre l'outil de la figure 1 en position mi-ouverte,
• la figure 3 montre l'outil de la figure 1 en position ouverte,
• la figure 4 montre la lame de l'outil en une coupe transversale suivant la ligne IV-IV de la figure 3,
• la figure 5 montre l'outil de la figure 1 avec un premier accessoire de coupe,
• la figure 6 montre un outil de coupe selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention en position mi-ouverte,
• la figure 7 montre un autre outil de coupe
• la figure 8 montre un outil de coupe selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
• les figures 9 à 13 montrent en détails un mécanisme de serrage de l'outil de la figure 8,
• les figures 14 et 15 montrent en détails une première variante de réalisation de l'outil de coupe de la figure 8,
• les figures 16 et 17 montrent en détails une deuxième variante de réalisation de l'outil de coupe de la figure 8, et
• la figure 18 montre en détails une troisième variante de réalisation de l'outil de coupe de la figure 8.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the following description of three embodiments of the tool according to the invention. The description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

• the figure 1 shows a cutting tool according to a first embodiment of the invention in the closed position,
• the figure 2 shows the tool of the figure 1 in mid-open position,
• the figure 3 shows the tool of the figure 1 in open position,
• the figure 4 shows the blade of the tool in a cross section along line IV-IV of the figure 3 ,
• the figure 5 shows the tool of the figure 1 with a first cutting accessory,
• the figure 6 shows a cutting tool according to a second embodiment of the invention in half-open position,
• the figure 7 shows another cutting tool
• the figure 8 shows a cutting tool according to a third embodiment of the invention,
• the Figures 9 to 13 show in detail a tool clamping mechanism of the figure 8 ,
• the Figures 14 and 15 show in detail a first variant embodiment of the cutting tool of the figure 8 ,
• the Figures 16 and 17 show in detail a second variant embodiment of the cutting tool of the figure 8 , and
• the figure 18 shows in detail a third variant embodiment of the cutting tool of the figure 8 .

The Figures 1 to 5 show a cutting tool according to a first embodiment of the invention for cutting a plate made of a reconstituted material. The tool comprises a base 1 and a blade 2 mounted movably on a support 3 attached to the base 1. The blade 2 is pivotally mounted about an axis 4, which moves the blade 2 between an open position to receive, between the support 3 and the blade 2, a plate made of a reconstituted material to be cut, and a closed position at the end of a cut. During cutting, the blade 2 encloses with the support 3 an angle AC.

The blade 2 is formed with a back 21, a cutting edge 22 flat and curved and a step 23. While the function of the back 21 and the cutting edge 22 does not require explanation, it should be noted that the step 23 allows to limit the stroke of the blade 2 to the open position. The open position of the blade 2 is reached when the step 23 bears on the support 3.

The support 3 is provided with a slot 5 shaped to receive the blade 2 during cutting, and a transverse stop 6 for retaining the plate to be cut during cutting. For cutting, the cutting plate is placed on the support 3 and is pressed against the transverse stop 6. Thus, during cutting, when the blade 2 tends to drive the cutting plate in front of it because of a AC angle relatively large, and in addition to the cutting action proper, the blade 2 makes the plate bear against the transverse stop 6.

So that the transverse stop 6 can succeed the double mission assigned to it, that is to say prevent the plate is driven by the blade 2 in the cutting direction and maintain the plate in an angularly stable position to allow to obtain a straight cut, the transverse stop 6 must be wide. Advantageously, the width of the transverse stop 6 corresponds approximately to the length of the slot 5, preferably to the effective length LF of the slot 5.

The cutting edge 22 of the blade 2 is advantageously obtained by laser cutting. This way of producing the blade 2 essentially brings two advantages. The first is the possibility of obtaining in a single stage of manufacture a sharp edge and in any previously determined form. This is all the more interesting as the cutting edge 22 is flat, as shown in FIG. figure 4 , and therefore does not need to be sharpened.

Indeed, according to the provisions of the invention, the blade 2 cooperates with the slot 5, and more precisely with the longitudinal edges of the slot, in the manner of two shears placed in parallel. Thus, each of the two longitudinal edges of the cutting edge 22 of the blade 2 forms, with the corresponding longitudinal edge of the slot 5, a shear. The two shears thus loose, by simultaneous shearing during the descent of the blade 2, a corresponding half of what is removed, as the cutting progresses, as a strip of the material of which the plate to be cut is made.

Due to the thickness of the plates to be cut and in particular to prevent the blade 2 from being wedged in the slot 5 by the material being cut, the width BF of the slot 5 is greater than the width BL of the blade 2 The difference between the width BF of the slot 5 and the width BL of the blade 2 is determined as a function of the thickness of the plates to be cut. For exemple, to cut plates having a thickness of about 7 mm, the difference between the two widths BF and BL is about 3 mm.

The curvature of the blade 2 is determined so that in any instantaneous position of the blade during cutting, the angle AC enclosed between the support 3 and the blade 2 is at least approximately constant.

The blade 2 is provided with a handle 7 connected to the blade 2 by an arm 8 forming a lever. A passage 10 of the blade 2 to the arm 8 is shaped to bear against the stop 6, at the end of cutting, and thus limit the stroke of the blade 2 to its closed position. The closed position of the blade 2 is reached when the passage 10 bears on the abutment 6.

The handle 7 is offset relative to the back 21 of the blade 2 so that the handle 7 is located at the end of a cut, approximately at the same level as the slot 5 or at a level below it. The figure 1 represents this arrangement using dashed ND and NF lines. The line ND is the extension of the back 21 of the blade 2 and the line NF is the extension of the slot 5. The handle 7 of the blade 2 is offset relative to the line ND, and thus with respect to the back 21 of the blade 2, by an angle large enough to obtain the following two results.

The first result, already mentioned above, is represented on the figure 1 : at the end of a cut, the handle 7 is located at a level below that indicated by the line NF, therefore less than the level of the slot 5. It goes without saying that the principle of this provision of the invention is also respected when the handle 7, at the end of a cut, is located slightly above the NF level. This becomes evident by looking at the second result obtained by that provision.

The second result, more important than the first but less easy to see, is represented on the figure 3 at the beginning of a cut, preferably also when the blade 2 is in the open position, the handle 7 is located, relative to the vertical VD from a marking point on the slot 5 the beginning of the cut, on the side The abutment 6. It is expressly said "vertical" VD and not "perpendicular to the slot 5", because it must be borne in mind that the tool of the invention is intended to be used essentially outside the workshop. The floor or any other bottom on which the tool will be placed, will not necessarily be straight or horizontal everywhere. It is thus easy to design situations where the tool will be placed on a background resistant to the forces developed during cutting, but which can not ensure a horizontal position to the tool. Accordingly, to facilitate the initiation of cutting, it is recommended that the handle 7 is already at the beginning of cutting in a position allowing a person using the tool to use mainly its weight to move the blade 2 instead of having to pull the blade toward her.

Furthermore, the base 1 of the tool according to the invention is extended in the cutting direction by a foot 9 ensuring the stability of the tool in the cutting direction and in a direction transverse thereto. In a simple embodiment, the foot 9 is constituted by a T-section, as shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 3 . An advantageous characteristic of the foot 9, regardless of its shape, is to allow the user of the tool to put his foot on the foot 9 of the tool and to hold the tool during the entire cutting in a simple manner and safe while leaving the user's hands free for handling the blade 2.

The figure 5 shows the tool according to the first embodiment of the invention, shown in the Figures 1 to 4 , with a first cutting accessory. The first cutting accessory comprises a wedge 62 shaped to be fixed on an edge 61 of the abutment 6, the edge 61 being opposite the blade 2. The wedge 62 is moreover represented twice, referenced respectively 62 and 62A, to show that it is reversible.

Indeed, when laying a floating floor or plasterboard of a floor or wall, we often see irregularities angle. For example, the floor of a room is not really rectangular. In such a case, it is to be able to make cuts with angles so little different from a right angle that it would be difficult to properly adjust an angularly adjustable stopper such as that described below with reference to the figure 6 . In addition, such a suitable cut must be able to be performed both on one side than the other of the plate.

To provide a stable support and to vary the cutting angle very finely, the invention proposes the shim 62 which is provided with an oblong hole 63 to be fixed on the stop 6 by a bolt 64. The oblong hole 63 makes it possible to fix the shim, as shim 62 on one side of the abutment 6 or as wedge 62A on the other side of the abutment 6, in different positions along the edge 61 of the abutment 6. The plate to be cut then takes resting on a central notch 60 of the abutment 6 and on a rounded corner 65 of the shim 62. It is easily understood that the more the shim 62 is brought closer to the notch 60 plus the cut deviates from a cut at right angles. The rounded shape of the wedge 65 of the spacer 62 avoids damaging the field of the plate to be cut.

According to a second embodiment of the invention, represented on the figure 6 , in order to be able to use the tool of the invention also for cuts with angles very different from the right angle, the tool is equipped, as a variant of the stop 6 mounted fixed at right angles to the 2, a transverse stop 106 mounted movably on the support 3 so as to be fixed in different angular positions according to the desired cutting angle and to different distances from the axis 4 of the blade 2 according to the dimensions of the plate to be cut.

For this purpose, the transverse stop 106 comprises a guide rod 111 and a bolt 112, both crossing the transverse stop 106 and protruding therefrom on both sides of the abutment. While the guide rod 111 serves only to guide the abutment 106 during its movements along the slot 5 and therefore does not need to be very long, the bolt 112 serves both to guide the transverse stop 106 during its movements along the slot 5 and together with a curved opening 114 formed in the abutment 106, during the adjustment of a cutting angle, and to fix it in a chosen position. To this end, the bolt 112 comprises a screw long enough for its head to slide and bear on the inner face, on either side of the slot 5, the support 3 and so that the body of the screw can cross the slot 5 and the transverse stop 106 and protrude from the upper face of the latter over a sufficient length to be able to place the nut.

Advantageously, but not necessarily, the transverse stop 106 is equipped with a rule 120, made in the form of a T and mounted parallel to the edge 61 of the transverse stop 106 opposite the blade 2. The rule 120 is guided on the transverse stop 106 by lugs 115 protruding from both faces of the abutment 106 and is fixed on the transverse stop 106 by a flange 113 which itself is pressed on the ruler and the abutment by the bolt 112 when the It's tight.

The rule 120, whose T-shape is obtained by integrating a cross-member 121 having two opposite ends 122, 123, serves as a lateral stop and support for the reconstituted material to be cut, when the material is cut at an angle other than 90 °. Because in such a case, the orientation of the transverse stop 106 is at the origin of a decomposition of the thrust of the blade in a longitudinal component according to the orientation of the slot 5 and a transverse component to the right or to the left of the slot 5 according to the orientation of the edge 61 of the abutment 106. And it is this transverse component that this is countered by the presence of a lateral stop 122 or 123, depending on whether the rule 120 is oriented to the right as shown in FIG. figure 6 or in the opposite direction.

The arrangement that the guide rod 111, the bolt 112 and the lugs 115 protrude from both sides of the transverse stop 106 allows the transverse stop 106 to be used both upwards and downwards. This is particularly advantageous when the curved opening 114 is not symmetrical in order to make possible a wide range of cutting angles without weakening the transverse flange 106 by an opening 114 which is too long.

To ensure the best possible support of a cutting plate at an angle other than a right angle, the transverse stop 106 is provided on its face 61, two notches 116, 117 asymmetrical relative to each other .

The figure 7 shows a tool that differs from the tool according to the Figures 1 to 6 essentially by a blade 200 with a less curved cutting edge and whose shape has been determined so as to give the blade 200 an opening position different from the open position of the blade 2 of the first embodiment and so as to incorporating on the cutting edge a stop 203 in the blade 200. The characteristics of the tool which are identical to those of the first embodiment bear the same reference numbers.

The blade 200 is formed with a back 201, a cutting edge 202 flat but less curved than the blade 2, a first stop 203 formed between the cutting edge 202 and the axis 4 by which the blade 200 is mounted on the support 3, and a second stop 204 formed between the blade 200 and the arm 8. While the function of the back 21 and the cutting edge 22 do not require explanation, it It is necessary to specify the functions of the two stops 203 and 204.

The blade 200 can be formed only with the first stop 203 or both with the first stop 203 and the second stop 204, according to the selected embodiment of the second embodiment of the tool of the invention.

The blade 200 differs from the blade 2 of the first embodiment more particularly because the beginning of the cutting edge 202 is spaced from the support 3 and the slot 5 of the support 3 when the blade 200 is in the open position. This is obtained by a shape distinct from that of the two ends of the blade through which the axis 4 passes. This end is shaped to constitute both the point of pivoting of the blade, an element of raising of the blade with respect to the axis 4 when the blade is in the open position and at the beginning of the cutting phase, and a stop 203 against which a cutting plate is pressed.

Indeed, similarly to the situation of the blade 2 of the first embodiment, the blade 200 flushes the plate that it must cut, because of the angle that the blade encloses with the support 3. The blade 200 enclosing with the support 3 an angle much smaller than the blade 2 and this angle being at the beginning of the cut facing the axis 4, the vertical component of the support exerted by the blade 200 is from the beginning of the cutting sufficiently strong to immobilize the plate. Optionally, especially when the plate is thinner than what corresponds to the height of the stop 203, the blade tends to drive the plate towards the axis 4. It is therefore unnecessary to provide a stop 206 on the support 3.

When, on the other hand, plates must be cut at a different angle than a right angle, the stop 203 of the blade 200 can not ensure accurate positioning of the plate. It is therefore necessary to use a stop 206 mounted movably by means of a bolt 205, this stop essentially corresponding to the stop 106 of the first embodiment. In order not to reduce the stroke of the blade 200 by the prominent bolt 205, the blade 200 has a notch 204 which bears on the bolt 205 when the blade 200 has reached the closed position.

The figure 8 shows a tool according to a third embodiment of the invention. This tool corresponds to that of the second embodiment (see figure 6 ) to the extent that the tool comprises a base 1 and a blade 2 mounted movably on a support 3 attached to the base 1. The blade 2 is pivotally mounted about the axis 4 so that it can be moved between an open position to receive a cutting plate and a closed position at the end of a cut. The support 3 is provided with a slot 5 shaped to receive the blade 2 during cutting.

The tool according to the third embodiment of the invention is shown with a tray 330 for collecting chips and cutting debris, and a foot 370 for supporting the free end of a plate P to be cut, for example a floorboard or plinth.

The tray 330 is intended to receive the particles and pieces that are detached from the plate to be cut. For this purpose, the tray 330 comprises a bottom 331, two longitudinal flanges 332, 333 and two transverse flanges 334, 335. The tray 330 is advantageously formed from a single sheet by folding with a width such that the base 1 can to be inserted without significant play of the cross of the base 1. So that the length of the tray 330 can be limited approximately to the length of the blade 2 and in particular without taking into account the length of the base 1 and its extension 339 described below, the transverse flange 335 is provided with a cutout for inserting the base 1. The tray 330 can be made integral with the base 1 of the tool of the invention, so as to be an integral part of the tool, or separately as if it were an accessory of the tool. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, the tray 330 may also be part, as an integral part or accessory, of one or the other of the first to third embodiments of the tool of the invention .

The foot 370 is intended to support, together with the support 3, a plate P to be cut. More precisely, the foot 370 is intended to support the free end of the plate P and to maintain it at a level H greater than the height h of the upper face of the support 3. Thanks to this arrangement of the invention, the plate P will be held in such a way as to obtain a slightly beveled edge and thus compensate for the inevitable tearing at the edge of the rear face of the plate. The foot 370 can be made as an integral part of the tool of the invention, moreover of any one of the first to third embodiments of the invention, or as an accessory part. The variant of separate part has the advantage that the foot 370 can be placed at any useful distance from the support 3 of the tool, without limitation by a connecting rod, even adjustable in distance, or by any other element by which the foot would be mounted integral with the base 1 or the support 3 of the tool of the invention.

When the foot 370 is made as a separate part, it advantageously comprises a hole 371 by which it can be bolted, during transport of the tool, to the blade 2 provided for this purpose with a hole T (see figure 5 ).

The tool according to the third embodiment differs from that according to the second embodiment in that the base 1 is extended in the cutting direction by a foot 339 in the form of a rectangular straight profile ensuring the stability of the tool in the cutting direction. The pedestal 1 and pedestal assembly 339 thus forms a three-point, not four-point base as in the first and second embodiments of the invention. A three-point base can provide better stability than a four-point base when the support or ground on which the tool is laid for cutting is very irregular.

Furthermore, the tool according to the third embodiment is equipped, as a variant of the abutment 6 mounted fixed at right angles to the blade 2 in the first and second embodiments, a transverse stop 306 mounted movably on the support 3 so as to be fixed in different angular positions according to the desired cutting angle. However, unlike the transverse stop 106 of the second embodiment, the transverse stop 306 can not be mounted at different distances from the axis 4 of the blade 2. The variable distance of the transverse stop is realized in the third embodiment by a third accessory 350 described below.

The transverse stop 306 comprises a graduated support 307 secured to the support 3, a plate 308 with a straight edge 309 forming a transverse stop and a clamping mechanism 310 for stopping the plate 308 in different angular positions.

The figure 9 shows, as a detail of the transverse stop 306 of the tool according to the third embodiment of the invention, the clamping mechanism 310. The graduated support 307 is a part made in the image of a protractor, it is that is to say, it has a graduation to the angular degree near disposed along a curved edge. This graduation covers a range of about fifty degrees on each side of the median of the slot 5. The support 307 being secured to the support 3, the zero degree marking therefore indicates the orientation of the cut when it comes to making a rectangular cut.

The plate 308 forming a stop is provided, to be angularly displaceable, a slot 311 in an arc whose length is chosen so as to move this plate 308 over the entire range of the graduation of the support 307.

In order to be able to immobilize the plate 308 easily in a selected angular position, the tool comprises a toggle mechanism 310 shaped to be able to clamp and loosen the plate 308 relative to the support 307 by means of a lever 312 and a lever axis 313 set in axial translation by the action of the lever. As the figure 9 suggests and as the figure 10 shows in more detail, the plate 308 is pressed against the support 307 when the lever 312 of the clamping mechanism 310 is lowered and, as shown in FIG. figure 11 , the plate 308 is loosened from the support 307 when the lever 312 is raised.

The clamping mechanism of the tool according to the third embodiment of the invention comprises, in addition to the lever 312 and the shaft 313, a washer 314 and a brake nut 315. The mechanism 310 is mounted below the support 307. so that the shaft 313 passes through both the support 307 through a through hole and the plate 308 abutting the slot 311 and protrudes from the plate 308 upwards for a sufficient length to thread the washer 314 and screw the brake nut 315 on the threaded shaft 313. The braking character of the thread of the nut 315 is necessary in order to be able to adjust the position of the nut 315 on the threaded shaft 313 and thereby the clamping force exerted on the when the lever 312 is lowered and where the threaded shaft assembly 313, washer 314 and nut 315 pulls the plate 308 downwards and thus closes it against the graduated support 307.

The figure 10 shows the clamping mechanism of the tool according to the third embodiment in the clamping position. And it is more particularly seen that the plate 308 is well supported on the graduated support 307 and there is also recognized a traditional mechanism of knee lever by which the lever 312 is connected to the axis 313 to be able to move it in axial translation.

The figure 11 shows the clamping mechanism of the tool according to the third embodiment in the release position. We see more particularly on

the figure 11 when the plate 308 is completely loosened, it is at the same time lifted relative to the graduated support 307 and the washer 314 and the nut 315 are still resting on the plate 308.

As shown by Figures 12 and 13 this alternating action of clamping and loosening respectively by lowering and lifting the plate 308 is obtained by the following means. The axis 313 comprises a lower part, seen in the direction of assembly in the tool of the invention, with a first diameter and a threaded upper part with a second diameter, smaller than the first. The difference between the first diameter and the second diameter is chosen so that a circular shoulder 316 forming the transition between the lower part and the upper part of the axis 313 is sufficiently large to be able to carry the plate 308. Thus, when the 312 lever of the clamping mechanism 310 is lowered, the axis 313 is in its lower position and, more particularly, the lower portion of the axis 313 is fully retracted into the graduated support 307. When, instead, the lever 312 is in the fully raised position, the axis 313 is in its upper position, as shown in FIG. figure 12 and the lower portion of the shaft 313 protrudes from the graduated support 307 by a height sufficient to maintain the plate 308 elevated relative to the graduated support 307 so that a displacement angular plate 308 is easily possible. In other words, the plate 308 is fixed on the upper part of the axis 313 so that it is pushed upwards by the circular shoulder 316 of the axis 313 when it is a question of separating the graduated support 307 and the plate 308. Conversely, the plate 308 is pulled down to bear on the graduated support 307 by the washer 314 and the nut 315 when the axis 313 is axially displaced towards the low.

To obtain a more precise angular orientation of the plate 308 and in particular of the abutment 309, that this is the case with the device of the invention produced according to the figure 6 , the graduated support 307 and the plate 308 are provided, on each of the two facing faces, with a succession of notches arranged in an arc of a circle and covering the range of orientation provided. Thanks to these notches 317 on the graduated support 307 and the notches 318 made on the plate 308, and thanks to the fine notch division of these two series of complementary notches, it is possible to adjust the orientation of the transverse stop 309 at least to the nearest degree, or even to the nearest half degree, according to the fineness of the notches. The reading of the orientation of the transverse stop 309 on the graduation 319 of the graduated support 307 is facilitated by means of an index 320 projecting from the edge of the plate 308 as shown by FIGS. figures 11 and 13 .

The Figures 14 and 15 show, as a first embodiment of the tool according to the third embodiment of the invention, a rule 340. Recall in this context that the cutting tool according to the second embodiment of the invention comprises a rule 120 disposed parallel to the transverse stop 61 so as to prevent a cutting plate from being driven by the blade during cutting as explained above.

Similarly, the cutting device of the invention according to the third embodiment of the invention comprises a rule 340 comprising a rod 341 and a stop 342. The rod 341 is advantageously a solid body or a hollow cylindrical element and in any case of circular cross section. The stop 342 is a stepped plate mounted transversely to the rod 341 and having a cut-out shape according to the dimensions of the plate 308. The cuts are made so that the stop 342 can be brought as close as possible to the blade 2.

The rule 340 is shaped to be fixed on the plate 308 by means of a parallelepiped blocking element 343 mounted integral with the plate 308 and having a cylindrical passage 344 in which the rule 340 is slidably inserted. In order to be able to stop the rule 340 in a precise lateral position, the parallelepipedic locking element 343 comprises at least one, preferably two or, as shown in FIG. figure 14 three locking screws 346. Thus, according to the orientation given to the plate 308 and in particular to the transverse stop 309, the rule 340 is inserted in the locking element 343 respectively by the right side or by the left side so that that the stop 342 is, relative to the graduation 319 of the graduated support 307, on the opposite side to the graduation portion on which is placed the index 320. Thus, it is ensured that the rule 340 forms a support for the plate to cut so as to prevent the plate from laterally backwards due to the thrust exerted by the blade 2.

The figure 15 shows also that the locking element 343 is advantageously shaped to serve as a stop for the blade 2. Indeed, as shown on the figure 15 , the blade 2 bears on the fixing element 343 when it is at the end of cutting.

The locking of the rod 341 of the rule 340 in a chosen lateral position is carried out using the three screws 346 that do not protrude from the upper horizontal face of the fastener 343 when tightened. The tightening and loosening of the three screws 346 are performed using an Allen wrench 345 or any other tool adapted to the shape of the screw heads. To store the key 345, one can use for example one or the other of the two orifices 347, 348 made in the plate 308.

The Figures 16 and 17 show in detail a second variant embodiment of the cutting tool of the invention, provided more particularly for cutting blades of smaller width.

Recall that the second embodiment provides not only a variable orientation of the transverse stop, but also its displacement along the support 3 in order to be able to approach or move more or less the transverse stop relative to the pivot axis 4 of the Thus, as the practical experience with this type of tool shows, it is possible to position the transverse stop so as to perform cutting at the beginning of the movement of the blade 2 and not towards the end of it.

The third embodiment of the tool of the invention does not offer this possibility. In compensation, the third embodiment provides a third cutting accessory in the form of a plate 350 forming an auxiliary transverse stop 351. The plate 350 comprises two lateral flanges 352, 353 and a transverse flange 351 forming at the same time transverse stop . The plate 350 further comprises a slot 354 extending over most of the length of the plate and thus providing the space required for the blade 2 to be able to penetrate the slot 5 of the support 3. The plate 350 is intended to to be placed on the plate 308 as shown in figure 16 and comprises for this purpose a rectangular cut 355 whose dimensions correspond to that of the fastening element 343. For fixing the plate 350 on the plate 308, the plate 350 comprises two orifices 356, 357 arranged to be superimposed on the orifices 346, 347 of the plate 308 when the plate 350 is to be mounted on the plate 308. The actual fixing of the plate 350 is made with screws and nuts passing respectively through the holes 346, 357 and the holes 347, 356.

The figure 17 shows that the holes 356, 357 are advantageously made as square holes which allows to introduce stove bolts facilitating tightening nuts. It goes without saying that any other type of screw / nut assembly can also be used without departing from the principle of the present invention.

The figure 18 represents a third variant embodiment of the third embodiment of the tool of the invention, namely a variant of the parallelepiped element 343 (see Figures 14, 15 ) of the third embodiment of the invention by means of which a rule 340 is fixed on the tool of the invention. According to this third variant embodiment, the locking element 360 comprises a body 361 mounted integral with the plate 308 and a locking member for blocking a rule 362 in different positions, similarly to the positioning of the rule 340 described above. . The body 361 comprises a channel 363 in which is slidable the rule 362. To lock the ruler in a chosen position, the locking member comprises two lugs 364, 365 mounted tilting in a holding plate 366 integral with the body 361 and held spaced apart by one or two resilient members, preferably by a helical spring traversed by an axle 367 with nuts, whereby the tilting stroke, or flap, of the tabs 364, 365 is limited.

When the rule 362 is put in place, it passes through the two tabs 364, 365 by holes provided for this purpose and the body 361 by the channel 363. In the position away from the legs, the rule is blocked. Consequently, to unblock the rule and to move it, you have to press the two legs so as to switch them towards each other.

In order to facilitate the positioning of the ruler, especially when a cutting plate is already placed on the tool, the lugs 364, 365 can be held in a close position, to allow the ruler to slide in the channel 363, with valve 368 shaped for this stain. The figure 18 shows the locking member with the valve 368 in the position to maintain the legs close together.

Claims (16)

1. A cutting tool for cutting a plate made of a reconstituted material, the tool including a base (1) and a blade (2) movably mounted on a bracket (3) attached to the base (1) and allowing for the blade (2) to be displaced between an open position for receiving between the bracket (3) and the blade (2) a plate made of a reconstituted material to be cut, and a closed position after a cutting operation, the bracket (3) being provided with a slot (5) shaped to receive the blade (2) during the cutting operation, the blade (2) having a back (21) and a flat and curved cutting edge (22), the tool being suitable for cutting plates like parquet elements, and the bracket (3) including a transverse stop (6), with the angle (AC) enclosed between the bracket (3) and the blade (2) having a relatively high value so that the blade (2) will hold the plate in abutment against the transverse stop (6) during the cutting operation, under the effect of the actual cutting operation.
2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting edge (22) of the blade (2) has been obtained by laser-cutting.
3. The tool according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the width (BF) of the slot (5) is greater than the width (BL) of the blade (2).
4. The tool according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the transverse stop (6) is a separate large-width (BB) element mounted on the bracket (3).
5. The tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the transverse stop (6) is an integral element of the bracket (3) mounted at right angles thereto (3).
6. The tool according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the transverse stop (6) has an adjustable shim (62) allowing for variable angle cuts to be performed.
7. The tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the transverse stop (6) is a separate element (106) mounted to be angularly variable on the bracket (3).
8. The tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the transverse stop (6) includes a mobile T-shaped ruler (120) forming a support for the reconstituted material to be cut.
9. The tool according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the base (1) is extended in the cutting direction by a foot (9) ensuring stability of the tool in the cutting direction in a transverse direction thereto.
10. The tool according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the blade (2) is provided with a handle (7) connected to the blade (2) by a lever arm (8).
11. The tool according to claim 10, characterized in that the transition from the blade (2) to the arm (8) is shaped for coming into abutment at the transverse stop (6), after the cutting operation, and for thereby limiting the travel of the blade (2) towards the closed position thereof.
12. The tool according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the blade (2) is provided with a handle (7) offset with respect to the back (21) of the blade (2) so that the handle is located, after the cutting operation, approximately at the same level (NF) as the slot (5) or at a lower level thereto.
13. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a transverse stop (306) movably mounted on the bracket (3) of the tool so that it can be fixed in different angular positions according to the desired cutting angle, the transverse stop (306) comprising a graduated bracket (307) integral with the bracket (3) of the tool, a plate (308) having a straight rim (309) forming a transverse stop, and a clamping mechanism (310) allowing the plate (308) to be held in different angular positions.
14. The tool according to claim 13, characterized in that the clamping mechanism (310) is a knuckle mechanism having a lever (312) and a pin (313) axially translated under the effect of the lever (312), with the plate (308) being clamped on the bracket (307) when the lever (312) is moved down and, inversely, the plate (308) being detached from the bracket (307) when the lever (312) is moved up.
15. The tool according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the graduated bracket (307) and the plate (308) are provided on each of the two opposite sides with a series of notches (17) arranged in a circular arc and covering the angular orientation range provided for the plate (308).
16. The tool according to any of claims 1 and 13 to 15, characterized in that it includes a block-shaped locking member (343) having a passage (344) for receiving a slider (340) and a locking mechanism (346; 360) for allowing the slider (340) to be locked.

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