EP1843023A2 - Adaptation method for the injection system of a combustion engine - Google Patents
Adaptation method for the injection system of a combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- EP1843023A2 EP1843023A2 EP07104640A EP07104640A EP1843023A2 EP 1843023 A2 EP1843023 A2 EP 1843023A2 EP 07104640 A EP07104640 A EP 07104640A EP 07104640 A EP07104640 A EP 07104640A EP 1843023 A2 EP1843023 A2 EP 1843023A2
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- fuel
- combustion engine
- fuel quantity
- internal combustion
- injected
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/12—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
- F02D41/2464—Characteristics of actuators
- F02D41/2467—Characteristics of actuators for injectors
- F02D41/247—Behaviour for small quantities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
- F02D2041/2048—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit said control involving a limitation, e.g. applying current or voltage limits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/025—Engine noise, e.g. determined by using an acoustic sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
- F02D41/0087—Selective cylinder activation, i.e. partial cylinder operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/12—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration
- F02D41/123—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration the fuel injection being cut-off
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2438—Active learning methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2441—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by the learning conditions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an adaptation method of an injection system of an internal combustion engine.
- the adaptation of the smallest fuel quantity to a corresponding control variable of the injection system in the idle and part load range of the internal combustion engine is performed.
- pre or post injections are made in addition to the injections required in the idle and part load ranges.
- These pre- or post-injections are controlled with changing control variables of the injection system, for example the activation time.
- the activation time is increased successively in this process, so that a minimum activation time is recognizable, in which a minimum amount of fuel is actually injected into the cylinder.
- a measurement window is defined.
- This measuring window is arranged as a function of the crankshaft angle of the internal combustion engine such that it detects only the combustion of the adaptation injection.
- the combustion or energy released during combustion is measured from within the operating window Structure-borne sound signals determined.
- Structure-borne sound signals can be detected, for example, by means of an acceleration sensor based on the piezoelectric principle. Since the combustion of the adaptation injection takes place in temporal proximity to the normal combustion of the idling and / or partial load operation, the operating window of the test injection is interfered with by the noise of neighbor burns. These disturbing noises falsify the evaluation of the combustion energy and thus the determination of the minimum amount of fuel as a function of the activation time of the injection system.
- the present invention discloses an adaptation method of an injection system of an internal combustion engine, comprising the following steps: a) detecting a coasting phase of the internal combustion engine, b) driving the injection system according to a predetermined drive quantity for injecting a fuel quantity into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine during the coasting phase, c) detecting a combustion energy of the injected fuel quantity, from which a size of the fuel quantity can be determined, so that the predetermined drive quantity of a minimum injectable fuel quantity can be assigned.
- the present invention has the significant advantage over the prior art that the influence of disturbance variables on the determination of a minimum drive quantity and the corresponding minimum injectable fuel quantity compared to the prior art is substantially reduced. Namely, a rich phase of the internal combustion engine is initially selected, in which the driver neither actuates the accelerator pedal nor controls the engine control unit for any injections. For this reason, in addition to the injections and burns used for the adaptation process, no further combustions of fuel quantities take place, which can generate disturbance variables, in particular noise. On this basis, the structure-borne noise signals generated by the combustion of the injected fuel quantity can be evaluated more easily, so that the determined combustion energy or noise signal energy with greater accuracy allows the determination of the injection quantity of the injection system for a minimum injectable fuel quantity.
- an operating window is defined in temporal proximity to a combustion of the injected fuel quantity as a function of a detected crankshaft angle of the internal combustion engine and the combustion energy within the operating window is determined on the basis of structure-borne sound signals, preferably with the aid of an acceleration sensor.
- the operating window overlapping this combustion is for defined detection of the structure-borne noise signals generated by this combustion can be positioned with less effort. Namely, in temporal proximity to the above-mentioned combustion, no further combustion takes place in the same or adjacent cylinders which could generate structure-borne sound signals which should not be detected within the operating window.
- This procedure of the adaptation method according to the above embodiment therefore makes it possible to position the operating window with higher tolerances while simultaneously increasing the accuracy of the detection of the combustion energy via the structure-borne sound signals.
- performing an injection cycle of the cylinder without injecting an amount of fuel thereafter detecting an assumed combustion energy in the subsequent cycle of the same cylinder and subtracting the assumed combustion energy and the combustion energy of the injected fuel quantity of a previous injection cycle and a corresponding combustion, so that from the result of the size of the injected amount of fuel can be determined.
- Energy values are evaluated in connection with the actual combustion of the injected fuel quantity.
- FIG. 1 a flow diagram of a preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 1
- the adaptation method is controlled by means of an engine control of the internal combustion engine. It is also conceivable to provide a separate control unit for the adaptation method. With the adaptation method, it is ensured that with a minimum drive variable of the internal combustion engine, for example a drive time, a drive voltage, fuel is actually injected into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine in question or to be adapted. In order to avoid interfering influences on the adaptation process in favor of this objective, it is carried out in a coasting phase of the internal combustion engine. In the overrun phase of the internal combustion engine, no torque is requested by the driver of a motor vehicle via the accelerator pedal. Furthermore, an injection of fuel is not requested by the engine control, as would be the case, for example, in an idling phase of the internal combustion engine. Thus, the boost phase of the internal combustion engine describes a period and operating range in which normally no injections of fuel quantities are performed in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
- the safety concept releases the injections to be carried out by the adaptation method so that the safety concept and the adaptation method do not interfere with one another.
- a monitoring function separate from the safety concept is used to monitor this special operation of the injection system and the internal combustion engine. It is also conceivable to carry out a plausibility check in addition to the safety concept, which checks whether there is an ongoing injection for very small quantities in the context of the adaptation process or a malfunction of the injection system of the internal combustion engine. Depending on the result of the plausibility check, the adaptation procedure is continued or interrupted accordingly if a malfunction is detected.
- an injection strategy is used, in which a drive time of the injection system for injecting a fuel quantity is specified in a respective first injection cycle (S3) and a corresponding injection and ignition takes place (S4).
- a drive time of the injection system for injecting a fuel quantity is specified in a respective first injection cycle (S3) and a corresponding injection and ignition takes place (S4).
- S3 first injection cycle
- S4 injection and ignition takes place
- step S5 For the subsequent injection cycle of the same cylinder of the internal combustion engine no drive time is given, so that no amount of fuel is injected and therefore no combustion takes place in the subsequent cycle (step S5).
- the two consecutive working cycles of the same cylinder with and without combustion by the above adaptation method are used for later determination of the size of the injected fuel quantity.
- combustion energy the energy converted by the combustion is determined and subsequently referred to as combustion energy.
- combustion energy of the injected fuel quantity S6
- assumed combustion energy S7
- the structure-borne noise signals are detected, for example with the aid of a piezoelectric acceleration or knock sensor.
- the detection of structure-borne sound signals preferably does not extend over the entire working cycle. It is carried out in a specific operating window.
- the operating window is arranged as a function of a detected crankshaft angle of the internal combustion engine and dimensioned in size such that the combustion of the fuel quantity injected for the adaptation method can be detected. Since no combustion occurs during the working cycle of the cylinder under investigation in the adjacent cylinders of the internal combustion engine, no noise signals are also produced by burns which disturb the determination of the combustion energy in the cylinder to be adapted.
- step S8 After the combustion energy of the injected fuel quantity and the assumed combustion energy have been detected from the structure-borne sound signals, these are subtracted from each other (S8). If the difference exceeds an optionally definable threshold value, it is initially apparent that an amount of fuel has been injected into the cylinder due to the predetermined activation time. Furthermore, it can be calculated from the difference or energy consideration how large an injected fuel quantity was as a function of the predefined activation time. Due to the difference formation above, the influences of noise are first of all removed in the recorded work games. From the differential amount of energy is then inferred in step S9 on the injected fuel quantity or fuel mass.
- the drive time is increased step by step from injection cycle to injection cycle. Subsequently, the combustion energy is evaluated in each case according to the above description and the injected fuel quantity determined. From the determined amounts of fuel, the minimum amount of fuel is determined in step S10, so that on this basis, a minimum drive time is predetermined, in which a minimum amount of fuel is actually injected into the cylinder.
- the determination of a nominal minimum actuation time of the injection system of the internal combustion engine is thus carried out, in which a minimum amount of fuel is actually injected into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Adaptionsverfahren einer Einspritzanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine.The present invention relates to an adaptation method of an injection system of an internal combustion engine.
Bei der Einspritzung von kleinen Kraftstoffmengen mit Hilfe einer Einspritzdüse oder allgemein einer Einspritzanlage in einen Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine muss sichergestellt sein, dass bei der nominalen minimalen Ansteuerzeit der Einspritzdüse tatsächlich Kraftstoff eingespritzt wird. Das heißt es muss garantiert sein, dass bei einer einfachen minimalen Ansteuerzeit der Einspritzanlagen die Düsennadel beispielsweise eines Injektors tatsächlich öffnet, so dass Kraftstoff in den Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine gelangt.When injecting small quantities of fuel by means of an injection nozzle or generally an injection system into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine, it must be ensured that fuel is actually injected at the nominal minimum activation time of the injection nozzle. That is, it must be guaranteed that, in the case of a simple minimum actuation time of the injection systems, the nozzle needle of, for example, an injector actually opens, so that fuel enters the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
In bekannten Verfahren wird die Adaption der Kraftstoff-Kleinstmenge an eine entsprechende Ansteuergröße der Einspritzanlage im Leerlauf- und Teillastbereich der Brennkraftmaschine durchgeführt. Zu diesem Zweck werden zusätzlich zu den im Leerlauf- und Teillastbereich erforderlichen Einspritzungen Vor- oder Nacheinspritzungen vorgenommen. Diese Vor- oder Nacheinspritzungen steuert man mit sich ändernden Ansteuergrößen der Einspritzanlage, beispielsweise die Ansteuerzeit, an. Die Ansteuerzeit wird bei diesem Vorgang sukzessiv erhöht, so dass eine minimale Ansteuerzeit erkennbar ist, bei der tatsächlich eine minimale Kraftstoffmenge in den Zylinder eingespritzt wird.In known methods, the adaptation of the smallest fuel quantity to a corresponding control variable of the injection system in the idle and part load range of the internal combustion engine is performed. For this purpose, pre or post injections are made in addition to the injections required in the idle and part load ranges. These pre- or post-injections are controlled with changing control variables of the injection system, for example the activation time. The activation time is increased successively in this process, so that a minimum activation time is recognizable, in which a minimum amount of fuel is actually injected into the cylinder.
Um das Vorhandensein und die Größe einer eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge auswerten zu können, wird ein Messfenster definiert. Dieses Messfenster ist in Abhängigkeit vom Kurbelwellenwinkel der Brennkraftmaschine derart angeordnet, dass es nur die Verbrennung der Adaptionseinspritzung erfasst. Die Verbrennung bzw. die während der Verbrennung frei werdende Energie wird aus den innerhalb des Betriebsfensters gemessenen Körperschallsignalen bestimmt. Derartige Körperschallsignale sind beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines Beschleunigungssensors basierend auf dem piezoelektrischen Prinzip erfassbar. Da die Verbrennung der Adaptionseinspritzung in zeitlicher Nähe zu den normalen Verbrennungen des Leerlauf- und/oder Teillastbetriebs stattfindet, wird das Betriebsfenster der Testeinspritzung durch die Geräusche von Nachbarverbrennungen störend überlagert. Diese störenden Geräusche verfälschen die Auswertung der Verbrennungsenergie und somit die Bestimmung der minimalen Kraftstoffmenge in Abhängigkeit von der Ansteuerzeit der Einspritzanlage.In order to evaluate the presence and size of an injected fuel quantity, a measurement window is defined. This measuring window is arranged as a function of the crankshaft angle of the internal combustion engine such that it detects only the combustion of the adaptation injection. The combustion or energy released during combustion is measured from within the operating window Structure-borne sound signals determined. Such structure-borne sound signals can be detected, for example, by means of an acceleration sensor based on the piezoelectric principle. Since the combustion of the adaptation injection takes place in temporal proximity to the normal combustion of the idling and / or partial load operation, the operating window of the test injection is interfered with by the noise of neighbor burns. These disturbing noises falsify the evaluation of the combustion energy and thus the determination of the minimum amount of fuel as a function of the activation time of the injection system.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Adaptionsverfahren einer Einspritzanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine bereitzustellen, mit dem mit höherer Genauigkeit im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik eine minimale Ansteuergröße einer Einspritzanlage für eine eingespritzte minimale Kraftstoffmenge bestimmbar ist.It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an adaptation method of an injection system of an internal combustion engine, with which with higher accuracy in comparison to the prior art, a minimum control variable of an injection system for an injected minimum amount of fuel can be determined.
Die obige Aufgabe wird durch das Verfahren gemäß dem unabhängigen Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterentwicklungen der vorliegenden Erfindung gehen aus der folgenden Beschreibung, der Zeichnung und den anhängenden Ansprüchen hervor.The above object is achieved by the method according to independent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, the drawings and the appended claims.
Die vorliegende Erfindung offenbart ein Adaptionsverfahren einer Einspritzanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine, das die folgenden Schritte aufweist: a) Erkennen einer Schubphase der Brennkraftmaschine, b) Ansteuern der Einspritzanlage gemäß einer vorgegebenen Ansteuergröße zum Einspritzen einer Kraftstoffmenge in einen Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine während der Schubphase, c) Erfassen einer Verbrennungsenergie der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge, aus der eine Größe der Kraftstoffmenge bestimmbar ist, so dass die vorgegebene Ansteuergröße einer minimalen einspritzbaren Kraftstoffmenge zuordenbar ist.The present invention discloses an adaptation method of an injection system of an internal combustion engine, comprising the following steps: a) detecting a coasting phase of the internal combustion engine, b) driving the injection system according to a predetermined drive quantity for injecting a fuel quantity into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine during the coasting phase, c) detecting a combustion energy of the injected fuel quantity, from which a size of the fuel quantity can be determined, so that the predetermined drive quantity of a minimum injectable fuel quantity can be assigned.
Die vorliegende Erfindung hat im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik den wesentlichen Vorteil, dass der Einfluss von Störgrößen auf die Bestimmung einer minimalen Ansteuergröße und der entsprechenden minimalen einspritzbaren Kraftstoffmenge im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik wesentlich reduziert wird. Es wird nämlich zunächst eine Schubphase der Brennkraftmaschine ausgewählt, in der der Fahrer weder das Gaspedal betätigt noch die Motorsteuerung irgendwelche Einspritzungen ansteuert. Aus diesem Grund finden neben den für das Adaptionsverfahren genutzten Einspritzungen und Verbrennungen keine weiteren Verbrennungen von Kraftstoffmengen statt, die Störgrößen, insbesondere Störgeräusche, generieren können. Auf dieser Grundlage können die durch die Verbrennung der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge erzeugten Körperschallsignale einfacher ausgewertet werden, so dass die daraus ermittelte Verbrennungsenergie bzw. Geräuschsignalenergie mit größerer Genauigkeit die Bestimmung der Ansteuergröße der Einspritzanlage für eine minimale einspritzbare Kraftstoffmenge ermöglicht.The present invention has the significant advantage over the prior art that the influence of disturbance variables on the determination of a minimum drive quantity and the corresponding minimum injectable fuel quantity compared to the prior art is substantially reduced. Namely, a rich phase of the internal combustion engine is initially selected, in which the driver neither actuates the accelerator pedal nor controls the engine control unit for any injections. For this reason, in addition to the injections and burns used for the adaptation process, no further combustions of fuel quantities take place, which can generate disturbance variables, in particular noise. On this basis, the structure-borne noise signals generated by the combustion of the injected fuel quantity can be evaluated more easily, so that the determined combustion energy or noise signal energy with greater accuracy allows the determination of the injection quantity of the injection system for a minimum injectable fuel quantity.
Es ist bevorzugt, die vorgegebene Kraftstoffmenge in den Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine einzuspritzen und gezielt die Größe der einzuspritzenden Kraftstoffmenge über eine Änderung der Ansteuerzeit der Einspritzanlage zu realisieren.It is preferable to inject the predetermined amount of fuel into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine and specifically to realize the size of the amount of fuel to be injected via a change in the activation time of the injection system.
Gemäß einer weiteren Alternative wird ein Betriebsfenster in zeitlicher Nähe einer Verbrennung der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge in Abhängigkeit von einem erfassten Kurbelwellenwinkel der Brennkraftmaschine definiert und die Verbrennungsenergie innerhalb des Betriebsfensters auf der Grundlage von Körperschallsignalen, vorzugsweise mit Hilfe eines Beschleunigungssensors, ermittelt.According to a further alternative, an operating window is defined in temporal proximity to a combustion of the injected fuel quantity as a function of a detected crankshaft angle of the internal combustion engine and the combustion energy within the operating window is determined on the basis of structure-borne sound signals, preferably with the aid of an acceleration sensor.
Da die im Rahmen des Adaptionsverfahrens eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge nominal und während der Schubphase der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird, findet nur diese eine Verbrennung während des Arbeitsspiels des Zylinders der Brennkraftmaschine statt. Daher ist das diese Verbrennung überlappende Betriebsfenster zur definierten Erfassung der durch diese Verbrennung erzeugten Körperschallsignale mit geringerem Aufwand positionierbar. Es finden nämlich in zeitlicher Nähe zu der oben genannten Verbrennung keine weiteren Verbrennungen im selben oder benachbarten Zylindern statt, die Körperschallsignale generieren könnten, die nicht im Rahmen des Betriebsfensters erfasst werden sollten. Dieser Ablauf des Adaptionsverfahrens gemäß der obigen Ausführungsform ermöglicht daher eine Positionierung des Betriebsfensters mit höheren Toleranzen bei gleichzeitig gesteigerter Genauigkeit der Erfassung der Verbrennungsenergie über die Körperschallsignale.Since the amount of fuel injected during the adaptation process is injected nominally and during the coasting phase of the internal combustion engine, only this one combustion takes place during the working cycle of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the operating window overlapping this combustion is for defined detection of the structure-borne noise signals generated by this combustion can be positioned with less effort. Namely, in temporal proximity to the above-mentioned combustion, no further combustion takes place in the same or adjacent cylinders which could generate structure-borne sound signals which should not be detected within the operating window. This procedure of the adaptation method according to the above embodiment therefore makes it possible to position the operating window with higher tolerances while simultaneously increasing the accuracy of the detection of the combustion energy via the structure-borne sound signals.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform erfolgt ein Durchführen eines Einspritzzyklus des Zylinders ohne Einspritzen einer Kraftstoffmenge, danach ein Erfassen einer angenommenen Verbrennungsenergie im nachfolgenden Arbeitsspiel des selben Zylinders und ein Subtrahieren der angenommenen Verbrennungsenergie und der Verbrennungsenergie der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge eines vorhergehenden Einspritzzyklus und einer entsprechenden Verbrennung, so dass aus dem Ergebnis die Grö-βe der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge bestimmbar ist.According to another embodiment, performing an injection cycle of the cylinder without injecting an amount of fuel, thereafter detecting an assumed combustion energy in the subsequent cycle of the same cylinder and subtracting the assumed combustion energy and the combustion energy of the injected fuel quantity of a previous injection cycle and a corresponding combustion, so that from the result of the size of the injected amount of fuel can be determined.
Um die einer bestimmten Ansteuergröße oder Ansteuerzeit zuzuordnende Größe einer Kraftstoffmenge bestimmen zu können, werden Vergleichsmessungen durchgeführt. Im Rahmen dieser Vergleichsmessungen wird die Verbrennungsenergie mit Hilfe von Körperschallsignalen einer zuvor eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge bestimmt. Nachfolgend werden die Körperschallsignale eines Arbeitsspiels des Zylinders erfasst, ohne dass zuvor eine Kraftstoffmenge eingespritzt worden ist und ohne dass daher während dieses Arbeitsspiels eine Verbrennung stattfindet. Ausgehend von der Differenz dieser beiden Energiewerte lässt sich die Größe der Kraftstoffmenge bestimmen, die mit Hilfe der zuvor vorgegebenen Ansteuerzeit eingespritzt worden ist. Die obige Subtraktion eröffnet die Möglichkeit, auf einfache Weise störende Körperschallsignale zu eliminieren, so dass nur noch die Körperschallsignale bzw.In order to be able to determine the quantity of fuel quantity to be assigned to a specific control variable or actuation time, comparative measurements are carried out. In the context of these comparative measurements, the combustion energy is determined with the aid of structure-borne sound signals of a previously injected fuel quantity. Subsequently, the structure-borne sound signals of a working cycle of the cylinder are detected, without previously an amount of fuel has been injected and without, therefore, takes place during this working cycle combustion. Based on the difference between these two energy values, it is possible to determine the size of the fuel quantity which has been injected by means of the previously specified activation time. The above subtraction opens up the possibility to eliminate disturbing structure-borne sound signals in a simple manner, so that only the structure-borne sound signals or
Energiewerte in Verbindung mit der tatsächlichen Verbrennung der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge ausgewertet werden.Energy values are evaluated in connection with the actual combustion of the injected fuel quantity.
Die Ausführungsformen werden unter Bezugnahme auf die begleitende Zeichnung näher erläutert. In diesem Zusammenhang zeigt:
- Figur 1
- ein Flussdiagramm mit einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des vorliegenden Adaptionsverfahrens.
- FIG. 1
- a flowchart with a preferred embodiment of the present adaptation method.
Beispielgebend für Inhalt und Ablauf des erfindungsgemäßen Adaptionsverfahrens ist ein Flussdiagramm einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform in der Figur 1 gezeigt.By way of example for content and sequence of the adaptation method according to the invention, a flow diagram of a preferred embodiment is shown in FIG.
Das Adaptionsverfahren wird mit Hilfe einer Motorsteuerung der Brennkraftmaschine gesteuert. Es ist ebenfalls denkbar, eine separate Steuereinheit für das Adaptionsverfahren vorzusehen. Mit dem Adaptionsverfahren wird sichergestellt, dass bei einer minimalen Ansteuergröße der Brennkraftmaschine, zum Beispiel einer Ansteuerzeit, einer Ansteuerspannung, tatsächlich Kraftstoff in den betreffenden oder zu adaptierenden Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird. Um zu Gunsten dieses Ziels störende Einflüsse auf das Adaptionsverfahren zu vermeiden, wird es in einer Schubphase der Brennkraftmaschine durchgeführt. In der Schubphase der Brennkraftmaschine wird durch den Fahrer eines Kraftfahrzeugs kein Drehmoment über das Gaspedal angefordert. Des Weiteren wird auch nicht durch die Motorsteuerung eine Einspritzung von Kraftstoff angefordert, wie es beispielsweise in einer Leerlaufphase der Brennkraftmaschine der Fall wäre. Somit beschreibt die Schubphase der Brennkraftmaschine einen Zeitraum und Betriebsbereich, in dem normalerweise keine Einspritzungen von Kraftstoffmengen in die Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine durchgeführt werden.The adaptation method is controlled by means of an engine control of the internal combustion engine. It is also conceivable to provide a separate control unit for the adaptation method. With the adaptation method, it is ensured that with a minimum drive variable of the internal combustion engine, for example a drive time, a drive voltage, fuel is actually injected into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine in question or to be adapted. In order to avoid interfering influences on the adaptation process in favor of this objective, it is carried out in a coasting phase of the internal combustion engine. In the overrun phase of the internal combustion engine, no torque is requested by the driver of a motor vehicle via the accelerator pedal. Furthermore, an injection of fuel is not requested by the engine control, as would be the case, for example, in an idling phase of the internal combustion engine. Thus, the boost phase of the internal combustion engine describes a period and operating range in which normally no injections of fuel quantities are performed in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
Wird nach dem Starten des Adaptionsverfahrens S1 eine Schubphase S2 erkannt, wird das Adaptionsverfahren fortgesetzt. Andernfalls erfolgt ein Anhalten des Adaptionsverfahrens und Abwarten, bis eine Schubphase zur Fortsetzung des Adaptionsverfahrens erkannt wird.If a coasting phase S2 is detected after starting the adaptation method S1, the adaptation process is continued. Otherwise, stopping the adaptation process and Wait until a coasting phase to continue the adaptation process is detected.
Wie oben bereits erwähnt, finden innerhalb der erkannten Schubphase normalerweise keine Einspritzungen statt. Dies wird beispielsweise durch ein in der Motorsteuerung realisiertes Sicherheitskonzept überwacht, das fehlerhafte und ungewollte Einspritzungen von Kraftstoffmengen verhindert. Gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung gibt das Sicherheitskonzept die durch das Adaptionsverfahren auszuführenden Einspritzungen frei, so dass sich Sicherheitskonzept und Adaptionsverfahren nicht gegenseitig behindern. Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird eine vom Sicherheitskonzept getrennte Monitoringfunktion genutzt, um diesen speziellen Betrieb von Einspritzanlage und Brennkraftmaschine zu überwachen. Es ist weiterhin denkbar, in Ergänzung zum Sicherheitskonzept eine Plausibilitätsprüfung durchzuführen, die überprüft, ob eine stattfindende Einspritzung für Kleinstmengen im Rahmen des Adaptionsverfahrens oder eine Fehlfunktion der Einspritzanlage der Brennkraftmaschine vorliegt. In Abhängigkeit vom Ergebnis der Plausibilitätsprüfung wird das Adaptionsverfahren fortgesetzt oder bei Feststellung einer Fehlfunktion entsprechend unterbrochen.As mentioned above, normally no injections take place within the detected overrun phase. This is monitored, for example, by a safety concept implemented in the engine control, which prevents incorrect and unwanted injections of fuel quantities. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the safety concept releases the injections to be carried out by the adaptation method so that the safety concept and the adaptation method do not interfere with one another. According to a further embodiment, a monitoring function separate from the safety concept is used to monitor this special operation of the injection system and the internal combustion engine. It is also conceivable to carry out a plausibility check in addition to the safety concept, which checks whether there is an ongoing injection for very small quantities in the context of the adaptation process or a malfunction of the injection system of the internal combustion engine. Depending on the result of the plausibility check, the adaptation procedure is continued or interrupted accordingly if a malfunction is detected.
Im weiteren Verlauf des Adaptionsverfahrens wird eine Einspritzstrategie angewandt, bei der in einem jeweils ersten Einspritzzyklus eine Ansteuerzeit der Einspritzanlage zur Einspritzung einer Kraftstoffmenge vorgegeben wird (S3) und ein entsprechendes Einspritzen und Zünden stattfindet (S4). Für den nachfolgenden Einspritzzyklus desselben Zylinders der Brennkraftmaschine wird keine Ansteuerzeit vorgegeben, so dass keine Kraftstoffmenge eingespritzt wird und daher keine Verbrennung im nachfolgenden Arbeitsspiel stattfindet (Schritt S5). Die beiden durch das obige Adaptionsverfahren jeweils aufeinander folgenden Arbeitsspiele desselben Zylinders mit und ohne Verbrennung werden zur späteren Ermittlung der Größe der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge herangezogen.In the further course of the adaptation method, an injection strategy is used, in which a drive time of the injection system for injecting a fuel quantity is specified in a respective first injection cycle (S3) and a corresponding injection and ignition takes place (S4). For the subsequent injection cycle of the same cylinder of the internal combustion engine no drive time is given, so that no amount of fuel is injected and therefore no combustion takes place in the subsequent cycle (step S5). The two consecutive working cycles of the same cylinder with and without combustion by the above adaptation method are used for later determination of the size of the injected fuel quantity.
Während des jeweiligen Arbeitsspiels in Schritt S6 und S7 wird die durch die Verbrennung umgesetzte Energie bestimmt und nachfolgend als Verbrennungsenergie bezeichnet. Für das Arbeitsspiel mit vorhergehender Ansteuerung einer Ansteuerzeit der Einspritzanlage wird der Energiebetrag als "Verbrennungsenergie der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge" (S6) bezeichnet. Für das Arbeitsspiel ohne Ansteuerung einer Ansteuerzeit der Einspritzanlage wird der Energiebetrag als "angenommene Verbrennungsenergie" (S7) bezeichnet.During the respective cycle in steps S6 and S7, the energy converted by the combustion is determined and subsequently referred to as combustion energy. For the working cycle with previous activation of a control time of the injection system, the energy amount is referred to as "combustion energy of the injected fuel quantity" (S6). For the working cycle without activation of an activation time of the injection system, the energy amount is referred to as "assumed combustion energy" (S7).
Für die Bestimmung der Verbrennungsenergie des auszuwertenden Arbeitsspiels werden die Körperschallsignale, beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines piezoelektrischen Beschleunigungs- oder Klopfsensors, erfasst. Die Erfassung der Körperschallsignale erstreckt sich bevorzugt nicht über das gesamte Arbeitsspiel. Sie wird in einem bestimmten Betriebsfenster durchgeführt. Das Betriebsfenster ist in Abhängigkeit von einem erfassten Kurbelwellenwinkel der Brennkraftmaschine derart angeordnet und in seiner Größe dimensioniert, dass die Verbrennung der für das Adaptionsverfahren eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge erfassbar ist. Da in den benachbarten Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine keine Verbrennungen während des Arbeitsspiels des untersuchten Zylinders stattfinden, werden auch keine Geräuschsignale von Verbrennungen erzeugt, die die Bestimmung der Verbrennungsenergie im zu adaptierenden Zylinder störend beeinflussen.For determining the combustion energy of the work cycle to be evaluated, the structure-borne noise signals are detected, for example with the aid of a piezoelectric acceleration or knock sensor. The detection of structure-borne sound signals preferably does not extend over the entire working cycle. It is carried out in a specific operating window. The operating window is arranged as a function of a detected crankshaft angle of the internal combustion engine and dimensioned in size such that the combustion of the fuel quantity injected for the adaptation method can be detected. Since no combustion occurs during the working cycle of the cylinder under investigation in the adjacent cylinders of the internal combustion engine, no noise signals are also produced by burns which disturb the determination of the combustion energy in the cylinder to be adapted.
Nachdem aus den Körperschallsignalen die Verbrennungsenergie der eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge und die angenommene Verbrennungsenergie erfasst worden sind, werden diese voneinander abgezogen (S8). Überschreitet die Differenz einen optional definierbaren Schwellenwert, ist zunächst erkennbar, dass aufgrund der vorgegebenen Ansteuerzeit eine Kraftstoffmenge in den Zylinder eingespritzt worden ist. Des Weiteren ist aus der Differenz oder Energiebetrachtung berechenbar, wie groß eine eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge in Abhängigkeit von der vorgegebenen Ansteuerzeit war. Durch die obige Differenzbildung werden zunächst die Einflüsse von Störgeräuschen in den erfassten Arbeitsspielen entfernt. Aus dem Differenz-Energiebetrag wird in Schritt S9 dann auf die eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge oder Kraftstoffmasse rückgeschlossen.After the combustion energy of the injected fuel quantity and the assumed combustion energy have been detected from the structure-borne sound signals, these are subtracted from each other (S8). If the difference exceeds an optionally definable threshold value, it is initially apparent that an amount of fuel has been injected into the cylinder due to the predetermined activation time. Furthermore, it can be calculated from the difference or energy consideration how large an injected fuel quantity was as a function of the predefined activation time. Due to the difference formation above, the influences of noise are first of all removed in the recorded work games. From the differential amount of energy is then inferred in step S9 on the injected fuel quantity or fuel mass.
Um eine minimale Ansteuerzeit für eine minimale eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge zu ermitteln, wird die Ansteuerzeit schrittweise von Einspritzzyklus zu Einspritzzyklus erhöht. Nachfolgend wird jeweils gemäß obiger Beschreibung die Verbrennungsenergie ausgewertet und die eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge bestimmt. Aus den bestimmten Kraftstoffmengen ist in Schritt S10 die minimale Kraftstoffmenge ermittelbar, so dass auf dieser Grundlage eine minimale Ansteuerzeit vorgebbar ist, bei der tatsächlich eine minimale Kraftstoffmenge in den Zylinder eingespritzt wird.In order to determine a minimum drive time for a minimum amount of injected fuel, the drive time is increased step by step from injection cycle to injection cycle. Subsequently, the combustion energy is evaluated in each case according to the above description and the injected fuel quantity determined. From the determined amounts of fuel, the minimum amount of fuel is determined in step S10, so that on this basis, a minimum drive time is predetermined, in which a minimum amount of fuel is actually injected into the cylinder.
Mit Hilfe des obigen Adaptionsverfahrens erfolgt somit die Bestimmung einer nominalen minimalen Ansteuerzeit der Einspritzanlage der Brennkraftmaschine, bei der tatsächlich eine minimale Kraftstoffmenge in den Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird.With the aid of the above adaptation method, the determination of a nominal minimum actuation time of the injection system of the internal combustion engine is thus carried out, in which a minimum amount of fuel is actually injected into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006015967A DE102006015967A1 (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2006-04-05 | Adaptation method of an injection system of an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1843023A2 true EP1843023A2 (en) | 2007-10-10 |
| EP1843023A3 EP1843023A3 (en) | 2008-01-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07104640A Withdrawn EP1843023A3 (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2007-03-22 | Adaptation method for the injection system of a combustion engine |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070251507A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1843023A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102006015967A1 (en) |
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| WO2009092474A1 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-07-30 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method and device for adapting an injection characteristic curve |
| FR2957978A1 (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-30 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Method for regulating direct injection flow rate of e.g. oil in common ramp type engine of motor vehicle, involves increasing temperature in chamber until thermal conditions in chamber authorize combustion of injected fuel |
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| US8306723B2 (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2012-11-06 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method to control fuel injector pulsewidth in a compression-ignition engine |
| DE102011002764A1 (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-07-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for controlling an injector in a fuel injection system in an internal combustion engine |
| FR2982644B1 (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2014-01-10 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A FUEL SUPPLY OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE EQUIPPED WITH A MOTOR VEHICLE |
| DE102011087961A1 (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for learning a minimum activation duration of injection valves of an internal combustion engine |
| DE112015002200T5 (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2017-01-26 | Scania Cv Ab | Method and device for determining an amount of fuel injected into a cylinder chamber of an internal combustion engine |
| US10330040B2 (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2019-06-25 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for air-fuel ratio control |
| DE102017204477B4 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-10-11 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method and engine control for equalizing the time-opening behavior of fuel injectors |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102006015967A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| EP1843023A3 (en) | 2008-01-16 |
| US20070251507A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
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