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EP1826793B1 - Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Überspannungen mit Thermoschalter mit doppelter Kontaktfläche - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Überspannungen mit Thermoschalter mit doppelter Kontaktfläche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1826793B1
EP1826793B1 EP07356028A EP07356028A EP1826793B1 EP 1826793 B1 EP1826793 B1 EP 1826793B1 EP 07356028 A EP07356028 A EP 07356028A EP 07356028 A EP07356028 A EP 07356028A EP 1826793 B1 EP1826793 B1 EP 1826793B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
disconnection means
disconnection
protection component
contact surface
closed configuration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07356028A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1826793A1 (de
Inventor
Alain René Robert Lagnoux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB France SAS
Original Assignee
ABB France SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB France SAS filed Critical ABB France SAS
Publication of EP1826793A1 publication Critical patent/EP1826793A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1826793B1 publication Critical patent/EP1826793B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/764—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material in which contacts are held closed by a thermal pellet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
    • H01H2037/762—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts
    • H01H2037/763—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts the spring being a blade spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H2037/768—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material characterised by the composition of the fusible material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general technical field of protective devices for installations and electrical equipment against electrical surges, particularly transient, especially due to lightning.
  • the present invention more particularly relates to a protection device of an electrical installation against overvoltages comprising at least one protection component intended to be connected to the electrical installation, and a disconnection means adapted to ensure the electrical disconnection of said component. for protecting the installation, said disconnecting means being capable of being recalled from a closure configuration in which the protection component is connected to the electrical installation to an opening configuration in which the protection component is disconnected of the electrical installation.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a device for protecting an electrical installation against overvoltages comprising at least one protection component intended to be connected to the electrical installation, as well as a means of disconnection capable of ensuring the electrical disconnection of said protection component of the installation, said disconnection means being capable of being recalled from a closure configuration in which the protection component is connected to the electrical installation to an opening configuration in which the protective component is disconnected from the electrical installation.
  • protection devices generally comprise one or more overvoltage protection components, such as, for example, a varistor or a spark gap.
  • overvoltage protection components such as, for example, a varistor or a spark gap.
  • overvoltage protection devices are generally provided with thermal disconnection means. These thermal disconnection means are intended to isolate the protection component of the electrical installation to be protected in the event of overheating of said component in order to suppress the source power source of the heating and thus prevent the appearance or limit the consequences. harmful to a significant rise in temperature.
  • the thermal disconnection means In order to give the thermal disconnection means their sensitivity to raising the temperature of the protection component, it is known to use a fuse element whose state may be modified by the heat generated by the protective component. .
  • a fusible solder to make the junction between one of the power supply terminals of the protection component and a movable conductive element, such as a slider or a disconnection blade, which is generally subjected to mechanical stress tending to move it away from said supply terminal.
  • the fusible elements are generally made using specific metal alloys whose melting point is relatively low.
  • the alloys used for this purpose contain lead and often other toxic materials such as cadmium.
  • this lower mechanical strength exposes the weld joint to a premature rupture that may occur under the effect of electrodynamic forces exerted on the conductive elements of the protection device when it is traversed by a discharge current corresponding to the clipping of an overvoltage as part of its normal operation.
  • the use of a lead-free fuse solder is likely to reduce the discharge capacity of the protective device, that is to say degrade its performance by reducing the maximum intensity of the fault current that said device can flow several times in succession without suffering damage.
  • the replacement of the lead-fuse elements by lead-free fusible elements faces two major difficulties: the first consisting in keeping a melting point sufficiently low to guarantee the safety of operation, that is to say the triggering sufficiently rapid thermal disconnection means, the second being to ensure sufficient mechanical strength of the junction made by the fuse element, particularly not to disturb the normal operation of the device by an unexpected disconnection when the flow of a discharge current.
  • EP-A-1,077,452 discloses a device for protecting a circuit for suppressing overvoltages in the electric circuit.
  • This device comprises an element whose temperature increases when the voltage at its terminals exceeds a normal value.
  • Two thermal breakers, thermally linked to the element, connect the element to the circuit. When the element heats up, the thermal breakers deform from a position in contact with the element into a position where they are no longer in contact with the element.
  • the objects assigned to the invention therefore seek to remedy the various disadvantages listed above and to propose a new device for protecting an electrical installation against overvoltages whose thermal disconnection means have improved mechanical strength.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an overvoltage protection device that is particularly respectful of the environment.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a new surge protection device whose design is particularly simple, inexpensive and reliable.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing an overvoltage protection device for improving the mechanical strength of the means for disconnecting said device.
  • a protection device of an electrical installation against overvoltages comprising at least one protection component intended to be connected to the electrical installation, as well as a means of disconnection adapted to ensure the electrical disconnection of said protection component of the installation, said disconnection means being capable of being recalled from a closure configuration in which the protection component is connected to the electrical installation to a configuration of opening in which the protective component is disconnected from the electrical installation, characterized in that said device comprises at least a first fuse element and a second fuse element able to retain the disconnection means in the closed configuration, and in that the means for disconnecting comprises at least a first contact surface and a second sensitive contact surface which respectively adhere to each other and to which the first and the second fuse element respectively adhere when said disconnection means is in the closed configuration, so as to distribute the stresses exerted on said fuse elements and thus to reinforce the holding mechanical means of said disconnection means.
  • the objects assigned to the invention are also achieved by means of a method of manufacturing a device for protecting an electrical installation against overvoltages comprising at least one protection component intended to be connected to the electrical installation. , as well as a disconnection means adapted to ensure the electrical disconnection of said protection component of the installation, said disconnection means being able to be recalled from a closure configuration in which the protection component is connected to the electrical installation to an opening configuration in which the protective component is disconnected from the electrical installation, characterized in that it comprises a step (a) of developing the disconnection means at the wherein said disconnecting means is provided with at least a first contact surface and a second contact surface substantially intersecting with each other, and a step (b) of assembly in which one sets up within said device at least a first fuse element and a second fuse element so that they can hold the disconnection means in the closed configuration and that these respectively adhere to said first and second contact surfaces when said disconnection means is in the closed configuration, so as to distribute the stresses exerted on said fusible elements and thus reinforce er the mechanical strength of said
  • the protection device 1 of an electrical installation 2 against overvoltages is intended to be connected bypass (or " parallel ”) to said electrical installation 2 to protect the latter against overvoltages, as illustrated the figure 1 .
  • electrical installation refers to any type of device or network powered electrically and likely to experience voltage disturbances, including transient overvoltages due to lightning.
  • the protective device 1 can therefore advantageously constitute a surge arrester.
  • the protection device 1 against overvoltages according to the invention is advantageously intended to be disposed between a phase of the installation to protect 2 and the earth. It is also conceivable, without departing from the scope of the invention, that the device 1, instead of being connected bypass between a phase and the earth, is connected between the neutral and the earth, between the phase and the neutral or between two phases to form a differential protection.
  • the protection device 1 comprises at least one protection component 3 intended to be connected to the electrical installation 2 and protect it against overvoltages, especially transient.
  • each protection component 3 against overvoltages is formed by a varistor, it being understood that the use of a varistor is only indicated by way of example and does not constitute any a restriction of the invention.
  • the protection device 1 comprises one or more overvoltage protection components which, when exposed to voltages higher than a predetermined threshold value, are able to discharge the fault current to earth. while clipping the surge to a value compatible with the holding of the installation.
  • said varistor 3 is in the form of a substantially flat rectangular parallelepiped and provided with two feed terminals 12, 14.
  • the protection device 1 also comprises a disconnection means 4 capable of ensuring the electrical disconnection of the protection component 3 of the electrical installation 2, in particular in the event of failure of said protection component 3.
  • the disconnection means 4 is may be recalled from a closure configuration in which the protection component 3 is connected to the electrical installation, as illustrated for example on the figure 2 to an opening configuration in which the protection component 3 is disconnected from the electrical installation, as illustrated for example in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the disconnection means 4 is movable, preferably in rotation, between a closed position in which said disconnection means 4 provides the electrical connection of the varistor 3 to the electrical installation 2, and a opening position in which said disconnecting means 4 separates the varistor 3 from said installation 2.
  • the closing and opening positions correspond to the closing and opening configurations respectively.
  • the disconnection means 4 is mounted prestressed when it is in its closed position, that is to say that its movable part is mounted in stress in its closed position and subjected to a force of elastic return F which tends to propel it to its open position.
  • This elastic return force may be external, for example provided by the compression of a spring which is in mechanical connection with the disconnecting means 4, or internal, if the disconnection means 4 is itself elastic.
  • the disconnecting means 4 is formed by an electrically conductive spring blade 5, for example metal, of which a free end is pre-stressed, for example in flexion, when it is in the closed position.
  • the device 1 also comprises a locking means 6 adapted to hold the disconnection blade 5 in its closed position and, under certain conditions, to release the latter to enable it to pass into the open position .
  • the locking means 6 comprise at least a first fuse element 7 and a second fuse element 8, each of which exerts an elementary retaining force, the combination of which makes it possible to obtain a resultant holding force sufficient to maintain the average disconnection 4 in the closed configuration.
  • Said first and second fusible elements 7, 8 are in particular sensitive to the heat that can be released from the protective component 3.
  • said fusible elements 7, 8 are arranged in such a way that their rupture takes place under the effect of the heat generated by the protection component 3 and result in the release of the spring blade 5.
  • the disconnection means 4 can therefore advantageously constitute a means of thermal disconnection.
  • rupture is meant any loss of cohesion of the fusible element, which may consist for example of a decrease in its adhesion, in a ductile tearing, in particular due to a softening under stress, in a brittle fracture under the effect shock or partial or total fusion.
  • said first and second fusible elements 7, 8 will preferably perform, when the disconnection means 4 is in the closed configuration, a mechanical junction type embedding between a fixed element relative to the protection component 3 and the disconnection blade 5.
  • the protection device comprises at least a first fuse element 7 and a second fuse element 8 able to hold the disconnection means 4 in the closed configuration.
  • the closure configuration therefore corresponds to a preferentially unstable state of the protection device 1, in which the protection component 3 is electrically connected to the electrical installation 2, and therefore capable of being powered and traversed by an electric current. , in particular a discharge current.
  • the opening configuration corresponds to a state of the device 1 preferably stable in which the disconnection means 4 is in a return position in which it ensures the electrical separation between the protection component 3 and the installation 2, that is to say the isolation of said protection component.
  • the opening configuration may correspond to an isolation state of the protection component 3 as to an isolation state of the device 1 with respect to the electrical installation 2.
  • the configuration of opening will preferably avoid short-circuiting the electrical installation 2.
  • the disconnecting means 4 preferably comprises at least a first contact surface 4A and a second contact surface 4B substantially intersecting with respect to each other and to which adhere respectively the first fuse element 7 and the second fuse element 8 when said disconnection means 4 is in the closed configuration.
  • said contact surfaces 4A and AB will be substantially perpendicular.
  • said first fuse element 7 and / or said second fuse element 8 comprise a solder. Even more preferably, the first and the second fuse element are each formed by a solder.
  • solders filler materials whose melting temperature is less than or equal to the critical temperature considered as the dangerous threshold in case of heating of the varistor 3.
  • the fuse elements 7, 8 will be made using a tin-bismuth alloy, in particular an alloy containing 43% tin and 57% bismuth.
  • the melting temperature of such an alloy is of the order of 138 ° C while that of an alloy comprising 50% tin, 18% cadmium and 32% lead is around 145 ° C. .
  • the fuse elements 7, 8 will therefore comprise, as a filler metal used to make said solder or solders, a metal or an alloy containing less than 0.1% by weight of lead, thus considerably limiting the use of harmful substances.
  • contact surfaces is meant surface elements intended to be positively joined to contact with the fusible elements.
  • the contact surface will correspond to the zone intended to be wetted by the filler metal to ensure the adhesion thereof.
  • the first contact surface 4A will extend substantially orthogonal to the direction corresponding to the thickness of the first fuse element 7.
  • the second contact surface 4B then will preferably extend substantially orthogonal to the direction corresponding to the thickness of the second fuse element 8.
  • the contact surfaces will preferably correspond to the main directions of extension of the fuse elements which are respectively associated with them.
  • substantially intersecting refers to the fact that the contact surfaces 4A, 4B, or at least their extensions in space, meet at a line of intersection, which may be straight or arbitrary. Moreover, depending on whether said surfaces are contiguous or separate, for example staggered, said intersection line may be materialized or not.
  • first contact surface (4A) preferably extends in a first mean extension plane (P 1 ), when the disconnection means 4 is in the closed configuration.
  • the second contact surface (4B) preferably extends along a second mean extension plane (P 2 ), when the disconnection means 4 is in the closed configuration.
  • mean plane of extension is meant the fact that each contact surface extends essentially in two main directions of space and that it is possible to define two secant middle lines, corresponding for example to a straight line of linear regression of the constituent points of the respective profiles of the surface according to each of these two main directions, the mean extension plane being the area generated by these two mean lines.
  • mean extension planes (P 1 ) and (P 2 ) constitute fixed reference planes associated with the closure configuration and to which reference is made to define the geometry and the movements of the constituent elements of the device.
  • first contact surface 4A and / or the second contact surface 4B may have substantially substantially planar, curved, corrugated, irregular or even a smooth or streaked without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the first contact surface 4A or the second contact surface 4B is substantially planar, and particularly preferably, the first and the second contact surfaces 4A, 4B are both substantially planar.
  • the disconnection means 4 is preferably able, when passing from the closed configuration to the opening configuration, to move substantially parallel to said first mean extension plane P 1 .
  • the disconnection blade 5 will tend to slide flat along said first mean extension plane P 1 as it moves from its closed position to its open position.
  • the return force F will preferably tend to urge the first fuse element 7 in shear, especially at the interface of adhesion between said first fuse element and the first contact surface 4A.
  • the disconnection means 4 is preferably able, when it passes from the closed configuration to the opening configuration, to deviate substantially frontally from said second mean extension plane ( P 2 ).
  • the return force F will preferably tend to urge the second fuse element 8 in tension, or tear, in particular at the interface of adhesion between said first fuse element and the second contact surface 4B.
  • this combination of shearing and tearing localized movements and effects can be obtained by orienting the first mean extension plane P 1 and the second mean extension plane P 2 so that they form an angle between 70 ° and 110 °.
  • said first and second extension planes will be substantially orthogonal.
  • the first mean plane of extension P 1 will preferably be substantially parallel to one of the faces of the varistor 3 while the second mean extension plane P 2 will preferably be substantially normal to the tangent at the start of the trajectory that it borrows the disconnection blade 5 to move from its closed position to its open position.
  • the arrangement of the contact surfaces 4A, 4B according to the invention makes it possible to use the three dimensions of the space to increase the useful surface density in a given volume.
  • useful surface means a surface effectively contributing to the maintenance of the disconnection means 4 when it is in the closed configuration.
  • first contact surfaces 4A, 4B constitute, not exclusively, useful surfaces.
  • a useful area will correspond to a wetted area by a filler metal, which has an influence on the maximum allowable stress by the junction thus produced by brazing.
  • the arrangement of the contact surfaces according to the invention makes it possible to diversify the nature of the stresses to which the fuse elements are subjected, and in particular to combine shearing and tearing so as to make the most of the mechanical strength capabilities of said elements. fuses.
  • the disconnection means 4 comprises a first junction element 10 having two branches, the first and second contact surfaces extend respectively on one and the other of the two branches.
  • said branches are arranged in L, for example to form an angle.
  • said first junction element 10 is integral with the disconnection blade 5, which may in particular be provided for this purpose with one or more bent tabs, in particular protruding at right angles to the extension plane. principal of said blade 5.
  • the device 1 according to the invention also comprises a second junction element 11 which is fixed relative to the protection component 3 and which has a shape substantially conjugate to the first junction element 10.
  • said second joining element 11 can be fixed to, or even preferably integral with, one of the power supply terminals 12, 14 of the varistor 3.
  • the first and second fusible elements 7, 8 can be sandwiched between the first joining element 10 and the second connecting element 11.
  • FIG. illustrated at Figures 2, 4, 6 it is thus possible to achieve a direct mechanical and electrical connection between the disconnection blade 5 and the first supply terminal 12 of the varistor 3, by overlapping of the contact surfaces 4A, 4B and the corresponding useful surfaces of the fixed elements , formed in this case by the outer surfaces 11A, 11B of the branches of the second joining element 11.
  • a varistor 3 will preferably be used, of which at least one supply terminals protrude from one of its main extension faces, as is the case of the first terminal 12 on the Figures 2 to 5 and on the figure 7 , so as to be able to exploit an extended useful area without significantly increasing the size of the device 1.
  • the invention is not limited to a configuration in which the first joining element 10 has a concave shape vis-à-vis the fuse elements.
  • the first power supply terminal 12 may in particular form a kind of seat whose seat would support the first fuse element 7, whose backrest would support the second fuse element 8 and against which would come to rest the disconnection blade 5 when it is located in the closed position.
  • said first supply terminal 12 is substantially in the center of one of the main extension faces of the varistor 3, so that the disconnection blade 5, when it pivots to move from its closed position to its open position, can have a large deflection without this increases the size of the device 1, said displacement being particularly likely to be substantially in a space bounded by the contours of said varistor 3.
  • the first fuse element 7 and the second fuse element 8 are, according to a preferred embodiment, contiguous and form a monolithic assembly 7, 8 when the disconnection means 4 is in the closed configuration.
  • the filler material seal may be substantially continuous and continuously fill the entire gap formed between the first joining element 10 and the second joining element 11.
  • the device 1 may advantageously comprise an insulating casing 20 of standardized format, in which the protective component 3 is in particular mounted.
  • the device 1 will also comprise two connection pads 21, 22 allowing to realize the electrical connection interface between the outside and the inside of the housing 20.
  • Said method of manufacturing a protection device 1 of an electrical installation 2 against overvoltages comprising at least one protection component 3 intended to be connected to the electrical installation, as well as a disconnection means 4 capable of providing the electrical disconnection of said protection component of the installation, said disconnection means being capable of being recalled from a closure configuration in which the protection component 3 is connected to the electrical installation to an opening configuration in which the protection component 3 is disconnected from the electrical installation 2, preferably comprises a step (a) for generating the disconnection means 4 during which said disconnecting means is given at least a first contact surface 4A and a second contact surface 4B substantially intersecting relative to each other.
  • the disconnecting means will be realized in the form of a metal disconnection blade.
  • said blade may be cut and then folded, or stamped, so as to have different portions defining said first and second contact surfaces.
  • step (a) may comprise a sub-step (a ') during which a first junction element 10 having two branches on which it is made is preferably produced by cutting and folding a metal blade. extend respectively the first and the second contact surface 4A, 4B.
  • said manufacturing method also comprises a step (b) of assembly during which the set up within the device 1 at least a first fuse element 7 and a second fuse element 8 so that they can hold the disconnection means 4 in the closed configuration and that these respectively adhere to said first and second contact surfaces 4A, 4B when said disconnecting means 4 is in the closed configuration.
  • step (b) will comprise a phase (b 1 ) during which a protection component 3 will be put in place in the housing 20, one of the supply terminals 12, 14 of which will have a second element of junction 11 of shape substantially conjugate to the first junction element 10.
  • the first supply terminal 12 of the varistor 3 is bent so as to form an L-shaped bracket.
  • step (b) will comprise a phase (b 2 ) during which the disconnection blade 5 is fixed within the housing, such that said blade 5 is electrically connected to one of the connection pads 21, 22 of the device, for example to the first connection pad 21 as illustrated on the Figures 2 and 3 .
  • the introduction of the fuse elements 7, 8 will consist of brazing with a low melting point filler material to fix the free end of the disconnection blade 5 at the corresponding terminal 12 of the varistor 3.
  • step (b) will preferably comprise a phase (b 3 ) in which the first joining element 10 of the second joining element 11 is brought together by bending the free end of the disconnection blade 5 until said joining elements overlap partially delimiting a gap, then a phase (b 4 ) during which said gap is filled with the aid of the melt filler material.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to reinforce the mechanical strength of the thermal disconnection means, by oversizing the junction made by the fusible elements, by multiplying the useful surfaces and by extending their areas, which makes it possible to spread out the filler metal over a wider area of overlap and therefore improve the adhesion of the fasteners.
  • this oversizing does not significantly increase the overall size of the device, since it optimizes the useful surface density in a given available volume.
  • the device according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to moderate and / or distribute the stresses exerted on the fuse elements, so that it is possible to use non-polluting lead-free alloys to make the said fuse elements substantially maintaining the discharge power of the device, that is to say the maximum intensity of the current that can be passed several times in succession by said device without degradation thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Vorrichtung (1) zum Schutz einer elektrischen Anlage (2) gegen Überspannungen, die mindestens ein Schutzbauelement (3), das dazu bestimmt ist, an die elektrische Anlage angeschlossen zu werden, sowie ein Trennmittel (4) umfasst, das geeignet ist, die elektrische Trennung des Schutzbauelements von der Anlage zu gewährleisten, wobei das Trennmittel imstande ist, von einer geschlossenen Anordnung, in der das Schutzbauelement (3) mit der elektrischen Anlage verbunden ist, in eine geöffnete Anordnung zurückgestellt zu werden, in der das Schutzbauelement (3) von der elektrischen Anlage (2) getrennt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1) mindestens ein erstes Sicherungselement (7) und ein zweites Sicherungselement (8) umfasst, die geeignet sind, das Trennmittel (4) in der geschlossenen Anordnung (4) zu halten, und dadurch, dass das Trennmittel (4) mindestens eine erste Kontaktfläche (4A) und eine zweite Kontaktfläche (4B) umfasst, die im Wesentlichen schneidend in Bezug aufeinander sind und an denen das erste beziehungsweise das zweite Sicherungselement haften, wenn das Trennmittel (4) sich in der geschlossenen Anordnung befindet, derart, dass die auf die Sicherungselemente ausgeübten Spannungen verteilt werden und so die mechanische Festigkeit des Trennmittels verstärkt wird.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Kontaktfläche (4A) sich gemäß einer ersten mittleren Erstreckungsebene (P1) erstreckt, und dadurch, dass das Trennmittel (4), wenn es von der geschlossenen Anordnung in die geöffnete Anordnung übergeht, geeignet ist, sich im Wesentlichen parallel zur ersten mittleren Erstreckungsebene (P1) zu verschieben.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Kontaktfläche (4B) sich gemäß einer zweiten mittleren Erstreckungsebene (P2) erstreckt, wenn das Trennmittel (4) sich in der geschlossenen Anordnung befindet, und dadurch, dass das Trennmittel (4), wenn es von der geschlossenen Anordnung in die geöffnete Anordnung übergeht, geeignet ist, sich im Wesentlichen stirnseitig von der zweiten mittleren Erstreckungsebene (P2) zu entfernen.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Kontaktfläche (4A) und/oder die zweite Kontaktfläche (4B) im Wesentlichen eben ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste mittlere Erstreckungsebene (P1) und die zweite mittlere Erstreckungsebene (P2) einen Winkel bilden, der zwischen 70° und 110° enthalten ist, und vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen orthogonal sind.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Trennmittel (4) ein erstes Verbindungselement (10) umfasst, das zwei Zweige aufweist, wobei die Zweige vorzugsweise in L-Form angeordnet sind, und dadurch, dass die erste und die zweite Kontaktfläche sich auf dem einen beziehungsweise dem anderen der zwei Zweige erstrecken.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein zweites Verbindungselement (11) umfasst, das in Bezug auf das Schutzbauelement (3) fest ist und eine im Wesentlichen gemeinsame Form mit dem ersten Verbindungselement (10) aufweist, und dadurch, dass das erste und das zweite Sicherungselement (7, 8), wenn das Trennmittel (4) sich in der geschlossenen Anordnung befindet, zwischen dem ersten Verbindungselement (10) und dem zweiten Verbindungselement (11) eingeklemmt sind.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Sicherungselement (7) und das zweite Sicherungselement (8) aneinander angrenzen und eine monolithische Einheit (7, 8) bilden, wenn das Trennmittel (4) sich in der geschlossenen Anordnung befindet.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Sicherungselement (7) und/oder das zweite Sicherungselement (8) eine Lötung umfasst.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zur Ausführung der Lötung oder Lötungen verwendete Zusatzmetall mindestens 0,1 Massenprozent Blei enthält.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schutzbauelement (3) aus einem Varistor gebildet ist.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Überspannungsableiter bildet.
  13. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorrichtung (1) zum Schutz einer elektrischen Anlage (2) gegen Überspannungen, die mindestens ein Schutzbauelement (3), das dazu bestimmt ist, an die elektrische Anlage angeschlossen zu werden, sowie ein Trennmittel (4) umfasst, das geeignet ist, die elektrische Trennung des Schutzbauelements von der Anlage zu gewährleisten, wobei das Trennmittel imstande ist, von einer geschlossenen Anordnung, in der das Schutzbauelement (3) mit der elektrischen Anlage verbunden ist, in eine geöffnete Anordnung zurückgestellt zu werden, in der das Schutzbauelement (3) von der elektrischen Anlage (2) getrennt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen Schritt (a) der Bearbeitung des Trennmittels (4), während dessen dem Trennmittel mindestens eine erste Kontaktfläche (4A) und eine zweite Kontaktfläche (4B) verliehen werden, die im Wesentlichen schneidend in Bezug aufeinander sind, sowie einen Schritt (b) des Zusammenbaus umfasst, während dessen mindestens ein erstes Sicherungselement (7) und ein zweites Sicherungselement (8) in die Vorrichtung (1) eingesetzt werden, derart, dass diese das Trennmittel (4) in der geschlossenen Anordnung halten können und dass diese an der ersten beziehungsweise der zweiten Kontaktfläche (4A, 4B) haften, wenn das Trennmittel (4) sich in der geschlossenen Anordnung befindet, derart, dass die auf die Sicherungselemente ausgeübten Spannungen verteilt werden und so die mechanische Festigkeit des Trennmittels verstärkt wird.
  14. Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt (a) der Bearbeitung des Trennmittels (4) einen Unterschritt (a') umfasst, während dessen, vorzugsweise durch Biegen eines Metallplättchens, ein erstes Verbindungselement (10) ausgeführt wird, das zwei Zweige aufweist, auf denen sich die erste beziehungsweise die zweite Kontaktfläche (4A, 4B) erstrecken.
EP07356028A 2006-02-24 2007-02-23 Vorrichtung zum Schutz gegen Überspannungen mit Thermoschalter mit doppelter Kontaktfläche Not-in-force EP1826793B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0601677A FR2897980A1 (fr) 2006-02-24 2006-02-24 Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions avec deconnecteur thermique a double surface de contact

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EP1826793A1 EP1826793A1 (de) 2007-08-29
EP1826793B1 true EP1826793B1 (de) 2011-06-29

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CN (1) CN101039030B (de)
AT (1) ATE515050T1 (de)
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FR (1) FR2897980A1 (de)

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CZ306938B6 (cs) * 2015-10-23 2017-09-27 Jozef ÄŚerniÄŤka Zařízení pro přepěťovou ochranu s vysokým krytím, zejména pro ochranu LED veřejného osvětlení a způsob jeho výroby
US10319545B2 (en) 2016-11-30 2019-06-11 Iskra Za{hacek over (s)}{hacek over (c)}ite d.o.o. Surge protective device modules and DIN rail device systems including same
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ES2368888T3 (es) 2011-11-23
CN101039030B (zh) 2011-04-20
EP1826793A1 (de) 2007-08-29
FR2897980A1 (fr) 2007-08-31
US7558041B2 (en) 2009-07-07
US20080019073A1 (en) 2008-01-24
ATE515050T1 (de) 2011-07-15
CN101039030A (zh) 2007-09-19

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