EP1777351B1 - Method of forming a part of a building, in particular a cellar and the part of building formed accordingly - Google Patents
Method of forming a part of a building, in particular a cellar and the part of building formed accordingly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1777351B1 EP1777351B1 EP06019511A EP06019511A EP1777351B1 EP 1777351 B1 EP1777351 B1 EP 1777351B1 EP 06019511 A EP06019511 A EP 06019511A EP 06019511 A EP06019511 A EP 06019511A EP 1777351 B1 EP1777351 B1 EP 1777351B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- sealing
- concrete
- sealing material
- sealing surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006262 high density polyethylene film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
- E04B1/161—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, both being partially cast in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
- E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
- E04B1/6806—Waterstops
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a building part, in particular a basement sump and a building part produced by such a method and a wall element for such a method and building part.
- a suitable sealant is for example in the EP 0 796 951 B1 described.
- the WO 2005/005734 A1 which is considered to represent the closest prior art, describes a building structure and a method of making the same, wherein a trench is recessed in a concrete floor slab from the top of the floor slab.
- a waterproof membrane extending below the bottom plate continues up the outside of the bottom plate and further inwardly to a side wall of the trench.
- Prefabricated wall elements are provided on their outer side with a layer of bentonite as a sealing material and are placed in the trench, wherein the present on the outer wall layer of sealing material extends into the trench and the waterproof membrane is opposite.
- a gap generally left between the bentonite layer on the outer wall of the wall elements on the one hand and the watertight membrane on the inner wall of the trench on the other hand is sealed by swelling of the bentonite when water occurs on the outside of the wall element.
- Further bentonite strips may be provided in the region of the underside of the wall elements.
- a drainage channel can subsequently be made in subsequently introduced concrete.
- the invention has for its object to provide a further improved method for producing a structural part, in particular a basement sump and a subsequently manufactured building part as well as a wall element used therein.
- the invention also makes use of the advantageous properties of the known sealing material for the formation of creep-tight interfaces with concrete curing on the sealant, but this is done in a new way by the bottom plate is made temporally after the wall assembly and a first sealing surface with the sealing material with the wall assembly or the wall elements forming these is prepared and is brought into contact with the fresh concrete of the bottom plate.
- the invention makes it possible in particular to prefabricate complete wall elements, preferably as solid concrete precast or multi-shell precast concrete parts, in a precast factory.
- the first sealing surface can already be connected to the wall element in the production of the wall elements in the finished part factory.
- the first sealing surface is on a thin flat support, in particular a carrier web as a layer of the sealing material.
- the carrier may, for. B. be a plastic film or bitumen film.
- the carrier can in a preferred embodiment in turn via a second sealing surface, which has a sealing material and forms a second creep-water-tight interface to the concrete of the wall element, be brought into contact with the fresh concrete for the production of the wall element and remain thereon.
- a second sealing surface which has a sealing material and forms a second creep-water-tight interface to the concrete of the wall element, be brought into contact with the fresh concrete for the production of the wall element and remain thereon.
- it is then essential to pay attention only to the sealing of wall joints and to good contact of the prepared first sealing surfaces with the fresh concrete of the base plate.
- a reliable tightness of a building part produced by the process according to the invention is in particular its fast and inexpensive construction on the site due to the already done by the solid concrete precast parts of the wall assembly with the prepared sealing surfaces preparatory work of importance.
- the first sealing surface is advantageously arranged substantially in the plane of the outer wall surface of the respective wall element.
- the first sealing surface advantageously comprises at least one first contact surface which points away from the interior space enclosed by the wall arrangement.
- the first sealing surface is present only on a surface facing away from the wall element of a flat thin carrier, which forms a Kriechwasser Why interface to the concrete of the wall panel via a second sealing surface with sealing material on a wall element assigning surface.
- the second sealing surface extends downwards advantageously up to the lower edge of the wall element.
- the first sealing surface has a second contact surface on the side of the flat carrier lying opposite the first contact surface, which lies below the underside of the outer wall surface of the wall element.
- the flat thin support for the first and optionally the second sealing surface is preferably a plastic film, which advantageously forms a pressure-water-tight shell on the outer wall surface of the wall element and also forms a mechanical protection for the sealing material.
- the carrier may in particular be a plastic film, for.
- polyethylene which is coated with sealing material to form the sealing surfaces
- bitumen film which has sealing material to form the sealing surfaces on the surface, be.
- the wall joint between the vertical lateral edge surfaces of adjoining wall elements can advantageously be bridged by a vertical strip of a pressurized water-tight material, which with the outer surface of the outer wall surface covering shell, z.
- the carrier of the first sealing surface can be connected to a continuous over the wall joint waterproof cover closed.
- the connection can be made for example by gluing or, in the example of the polyethylene film as a carrier by thermal welding.
- the flat thin support advantageously protrudes downwardly beyond the lower edge of the outer wall surface in the precast wall panel.
- said sealing material is provided on both opposite sides of the carrier.
- the first sealing surface is advantageously also bridged at the wall joints by sealing material, advantageously first the bridging of the carrier gap, z. B. is effected by the aforementioned strip and then the sealing material is applied as a third sealing surface for bridging the gap of the first sealing surfaces.
- the third sealing surface can already be prepared for the strip.
- the bridging of the wall joint can advantageously be effected by a sealing strip, which is glued to the carrier.
- the sealing strip may in particular itself consist of bituminous foil and have a surface with sealing material suitable for forming the third sealing surface.
- the wall elements delivered ready to the construction site are supported by support elements on a base surface defining the underside of the base plate, wherein advantageously a base with a support surface facing the fourth sealing surface is inserted with sealing material between the base surface and the support elements.
- the fourth sealing surface projects beyond the supporting elements laterally and is brought into contact with fresh concrete in the production of the bottom plate.
- a film is placed over the entire base surface, whose upper side is substantially continuously coated with sealing material, which also forms the fourth sealing surfaces.
- the base can z. As the ground, a foundation, a layer of cleanliness or a combination thereof.
- the support elements are advantageously height adjustable to a limited extent, for. B. screw thread, so that a precise alignment of the wall elements on the adjustment of the support elements is easily possible.
- corresponding counter elements or receptacles are advantageously provided on the undersides of the wall elements.
- the wall assembly may be externally provided with other water-draining or water-repellent covers and / or thermal insulation material. Both the bottom plate and the wall elements typically include steel reinforcements.
- a basement sump as a building part consists of a solid concrete slab as a wall plate WP, on the outer wall surface AW a polyethylene film TR (HDPE), for example, 1.5 mm thickness is applied.
- the polyethylene film forms a watertight cover of the outer wall surface and a support for a formed in the lower region of the first sealing surface DF1.
- the first sealing surface is illustrated in the enlarged section 1.1 and contains two layers K1, K2 of a sealing material which forms a creep-water-tight interface in contact with hardening fresh concrete.
- the carrier TR is down with an extension TU on the bottom UW of the wall plate WP and is provided on the outwardly facing side over a height HK1 with a first contact surface K1 forming layer of sealing material and on the below the underside lying, inwardly facing side with a second contact surface K2 forming layer of sealing material ,
- the upper edge of the first contact layer corresponds approximately to the height of the surface of the bottom plate in the finished basement trough.
- the contact surfaces K1 and K2 form the first sealing surface DF1 and are advantageously covered until installation of the wall assembly on the construction site to protect the sealing material against contamination by a peelable protective film SF.
- the carrier TR is advantageously completely coated on a side facing the wall plate with sealing material as the second sealing surface DF2, which is in contact with the hardening fresh concrete for the wall plate WP in the production of the concrete wall plate and forms a creeping water-tight interface with this.
- the second sealing surface DF2 advantageously forms with the second contact surface KF2 a continuous layer of sealing material.
- a holding element HE is arranged, which as clearly visible from the enlarged section 1.2, partially overlaps the upper edge of the carrier with a vertical section HEV outside.
- the holding element is advantageously continued from the vertical section by a horizontal section HEH which is embedded in the concrete of the wall plate.
- the holding element is advantageously made of a material different from the carrier, preferably dimensionally stable material, in particular metal and is provided at least on its the concrete of the wall plate facing surface with the sealing material, which forms again to the concrete of the wall plate Kriechwasserêt interfaces.
- the holding element can be completely coated with sealing material and covered with a protective film on surfaces not facing the support TR or the concrete of the wall panel.
- the height HP of the carrier is advantageously in the finished basement trough above the level to be considered pressing water in the surrounding soil and therefore may be different depending on the circumstances of the case.
- the holding element secures the completion of the building or at least the basement trough the top of the carrier against unintentional detachment and at the same time forms a derivative of running splashing water or rainwater on the outside of the carrier.
- the wall element with the described components is typically over the entire length of the wall element perpendicular to the plane of the Fig. 1 continued with the same cross section.
- the wall plate can in a known manner in Fig. 1 contain non-drawn reinforcing elements.
- counter elements GE are integrated into support elements or receptacles for support elements in the wall plate.
- the counter elements are executed in the example sketched as a screw anchor, which are embedded in the production of the wall plate in the concrete.
- the wall element forms a precast concrete part, which is prefabricated independently and removed from the construction site of the building part and transported as a whole to the site.
- Fig. 2 are two variants of the production of the wall element of Fig. 1 outlined, each one lying orientation of the wall plate in one Taking form.
- the shape forms with a flat table surface TF and side panels ST an upwardly open formwork for the wall plate.
- the size of the form can be variably specified via the type and arrangement of the side parts.
- Screw anchor SA as said counter elements are brought by attachment to one of the side parts in the desired position.
- the production of wall panels as precast concrete parts is well known.
- a one-sided over the entire surface coated with sealing material film as a carrier TR is cut to the required size and cut a bar as a holding element HE to the required length.
- a protective film on the sealing material is removed in the region of the second sealing surface DF2, left in the region of the second contact surface K2.
- the fresh concrete FBW is filled for the wall plate in the mold and placed the carrier film TR with the second sealing surface DF2 on the wet surface of the fresh concrete.
- the holding element HE is the upper edge of the carrier TR overlapping placed on the surface of the fresh concrete and immersed with the short leg of the angle profile in the fresh concrete. Carrier and retaining element remain in this position and are mechanically connected during curing of the concrete of the wall plate with this while forming creep-watertight interfaces.
- the support portion with the second contact surface covered by a protective film lies outside the surface of the concrete for the wall plate and forms the later projection beyond the lower boundary of the wall plate.
- the sealing material of the first contact surface K1 of the first sealing surface can be applied to the carrier independently of the sealing material of the entire surface coating of the carrier for the second sealing surface and the second contact surface.
- An all-over sealing material of the second contact surface K2 and the second sealing surface initially covering protective film is advantageously prepared divided so that the protective film can be deducted from the sealing material of the second sealing surface and left on the sealing material of the second contact surface for the time being. This can be done before the connection of the carrier with the concrete of the wall plate or thereafter, but preferably before the transport of the wall element to the construction site.
- the sealing material of the first contact surface can also already be applied prepared on a carrier film by the film manufacturer.
- the base for the floor slab is prepared, in the sketch after Figure 3 in the form of a cleansing layer SK over the ground EB and several temporary foundation plates FP, which are merely for support serve the wall elements of the wall assembly and therefore can be easily performed.
- a coated on its upwardly facing surface with sealing material film BF is designed, which can be continued laterally along a formwork for the bottom plate upwards.
- Reinforcement elements BE in particular as foundation reinforcement under the wall arrangement in the bottom plate, are inserted above the base area in the formwork space provided for the floor panel.
- the reinforcement can serve in an advantageous embodiment for holding a lateral edge formwork of the bottom plate.
- the formwork extends laterally beyond the wall elements.
- the wall elements delivered onto the construction site prepared in this way are supported on the provisional foundation plates above the foil BF by means of supporting elements SE corresponding to the counter elements in the undersides of the wall elements, for example in screw anchors of the wall plate, and aligned to form the wall arrangement, wherein the adjustable support elements easy way to allow precise alignment.
- the support elements for the wall elements can also serve to support the reinforcement and be connected to this.
- the lower edge of the downwardly projecting portion of the carrier is vertically spaced from the film BF or the base, preferably at least half the height of the bottom plate.
- the bottom plate projects laterally beyond the outer wall surfaces of the wall assembly.
- the fresh concrete for the bottom plate is introduced to a height which preferably the underside of the wall elements by a small amount DW of z. B. exceeds a few centimeters.
- the fresh concrete flows around the lower region of the wall element with the portion of the support protruding by a dimension DT and comes into contact with the first and the second contact surface, where again creep-water-tight interfaces form during the hardening of the concrete of the base plate.
- the dimension DT can be at least 3 cm in analogy to the sealing strip mentioned above.
- the bottom plate After curing of the concrete of the bottom plate BP, the bottom plate also forms the foundation for the structure or building part and the support function of the temporary foundation plates FP is no longer important.
- its fresh concrete with the layer of sealing material surrounding the supporting elements forms a fourth water-impermeable boundary surface DF4, through which even under the support elements the sheet BF, which does not extend underneath the bottom plate BP, penetrates water Prevents interface between support elements and concrete.
- the support elements SE may be partially coated with sealing material.
- the upper edge of the carrier TR is advantageously at least at the height HP of the level to be considered by externally oppressive water.
- the carrier TR forms against such pressing water a permanently sealed shell. Even with accidental damage to the wearer, water passing through the damaged area can not travel along the wall surface spread because the second sealing surface DF2 forms a creep-water-tight interface with the concrete of the wall plate.
- a sealing membrane DB can advantageously be applied above the support TR, which laterally overlaps the upper edge of the carrier TR or at least the upper edge of the holding element and can run down to which spray water directed onto the wall.
- the wall arrangement can be additionally covered with insulating material WW.
- the wall element is not made as a solid precast concrete part, but as a multi-shell cavity wall concrete precast.
- Such cavity wall precast parts are well known.
- the cavity wall precast are placed on the site on a cured floor slab and the cavity is filled at the construction site with fresh concrete.
- the multi-shell wall element is not filled with concrete as material in the core space, but the core space is filled with heat-insulating material WB. Since the core space is already in the dry area due to the sealing already carried out on the outer shell WSA via the first and second sealing surfaces, thermal insulation materials which are not watertight and / or rot-proof can be used.
- the heat-insulating material is advantageously already introduced into the core space during the production of the multi-shell wall element in the precast plant.
- Fig. 4 is also shown the possibility to attach an edge formwork SW of the bottom plate via fasteners SH to the reinforcement BE.
- Fig. 5 is a plan view of a wall joint between two wall elements WE1, WE2 sketched.
- the side surfaces of the wall elements have recesses in a manner known per se, into which cable loops which overlap the wall elements protrude, through which a securing rod can be inserted as a provisional position securing device until the recesses are filled with mortar or concrete.
- the section 4.U is at the height of the first and second contact surfaces, the section 4.O above these contact surfaces.
- the first contact surfaces K1.1 and K1.2, as shown in section 4.U, are not guided to the side walls of the wall panels or the side edges of the extensions TU.1 or TU.2 of the carriers, but end away from them that the gap between the adjacent first contact surfaces is substantially wider than LU.
- a sealing strip DS is applied from the outside to the support TR.1 and TR.2 including the extensions and connected watertight with these.
- the sealing strip DS is advantageously also made of polyethylene and is permanently watertight connected to the carrier by thermal welding, so that the gaps LU bridging continuously waterproof shell of the carrier created with the sealing strip.
- the sealing strip DS extends to the lower edge of the carrier, where it extends between the farther apart contact surfaces K1.1 and K1.2, as can be seen from the section 4.U.
- a layer of sealing material is applied as the third sealing surface DF3 over the sealing strip and up to the spaced first contact surfaces K1.1 and K1.2, which can be present in particular as strips of sealing material.
- Contour areas on the sealing strip DS and / or the first contact surfaces can be replaced by further sealing material MV, z. B. be filled in viscous form.
- the sealing material forms with the carrier TR, the sealing strip DS and the holding element HE a Kriechwasser Why interface without special measures. Against concrete, the creep water tightness is reliably achieved only when curing the fresh concrete to the sealing material layer.
- Fig. 6 shows a further advantageous embodiment of a wall element whose underside differs from the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 1 is not flat, but from a lower level UE to the outer wall surface towards an upwardly recessed level with a relation to the plane UE upwardly offset, facing down surface US has.
- the carrier TR connected to the outer wall surface of the wall plate protrudes downward beyond the surface US, in particular, almost to the plane UE.
- the second contact surface K2 of the first sealing surface DF1 has the recess formed by the step.
- the prefabricated wall element can thereby be advantageously set up without damage to the protruding part of the support TR and connected to this first sealing surface with the lower level on a footprint, z. B. for storage or during transport.
- a multi-shell cavity wall finished part in contrast to the in Fig. 4 sketched embodiment according to the embodiment according to Fig. 7 be provided to end the inner wall shell in a lower level UE and the bottom edge UA of the outer wall shell, is connected to the outer wall of the carrier TR, offset against UE upwards, so that the wall element without damaging the UA down protruding support TR can be placed with the lower edge of the inner wall shell.
- Fig. 8 shows a further advantageous embodiment of a wall element whose underside as in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 is executed essentially flat with a lower level UE.
- the outer wall surface and the carrier connected to the wall plate TR extends in this embodiment to approximately to the plane UE, but the carrier TR does not protrude or only to a negligible extent beyond this. The wearer may also end up a little above the UE level.
- the precast wall element can be advantageously placed in turn without damaging the protruding part of the support TR and the first sealing surface with the lower level on a footprint, z. B. for storage or during transport.
- the formation of a creep-water-tight interface between the first sealing surface and the concrete of the base plate in this embodiment takes place only at the contact surface K1 in the region of the wall surface of the wall prefabricated part.
- the contact surface K1 can as in Fig. 8 seen at the lower edge of the carrier on this lower edge away up to the concrete of the wall element assigning and with this a creep waterproof interface forming sealing surface DF2 and / or continued on the outwardly facing side of the carrier upwards as sealing material surface K3 uninterrupted.
- the sealing surface K1 is advantageously also provided at its continuation beyond the lower edge with a peelable protective film.
- the protective film can also continue on the outside of the carrier up over the surface K3.
- the mechanical Protective layer is advantageously flexible and / or compressible in itself.
- the protective layer MS may be formed by a non-woven or the like in an advantageous embodiment.
- the thickness of the protective layer MS is advantageously substantial, in particular at least twice greater than the thickness of the carrier TR.
- the carrier TR consists in an advantageous embodiment of a waterproof plastic film, in particular polyethylene, with a thickness of preferably 0.05 mm to 1 mm, in particular 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
- the thickness of the sealing layers DF1, DF2 is advantageously in the same thickness range.
- the thickness of the protective layer MS is advantageously in a range of 1 mm to 5 mm.
- a multi-shell cavity wall finished part according to the embodiment of Fig. 10 be provided to end the outer wall shell in a lower level UE and end connected to the outer wall support TR to end substantially with the lower edge of the outer wall shell and preferably fixed to the lower edge of the outer wall shell via the sealing surface DF2 with the outer wall of the wall element and preferably to connect watertight watertight via sealing material of the type described.
- a further advantageous embodiment is outlined, in which the carrier with the first and the second sealing surface of the outer wall on the lower edge beyond to continue below the lower edge of the outer wall and so the first sealing surface DF1 along the first contact surface K1 is increased.
- the lower edge can, as outlined, run essentially at right angles, but also curved or bevelled.
- the sealing material between sealing surfaces DF2 and K1 (DF1) is again applied continuously.
- a punctual damage to the first sealing surface at the bottom during transport or storage is not critical, since the formation of a creeping water-tight interface at the first and the second sealing surface such punctual damage against the spread of creeping water are isolated.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauwerkteils, insbesondere einer Kellerwanne sowie ein nach einem solchen Verfahren hergestelltes Bauwerkteil und ein Wandelement für ein solches Verfahren und Bauwerkteil.The invention relates to a method for producing a building part, in particular a basement sump and a building part produced by such a method and a wall element for such a method and building part.
Ein wichtiges Kriterium für Bauwerkteile nach Art von Kellerwannen ist die langfristige Dichtheit gegen von außen drückend anstehendes Wasser. Gebräuchlich ist die Herstellung einer Kellerwanne nach einem Verfahren, bei welchem in einem ersten Schritt eine Beton-Bodenplatte auf der Baustelle gegossen wird, in deren Oberfläche entlang der vorgesehenen Wandkontur Dichtstreifen eingebettet sind, welche über die Oberfläche der Bodenplatte hinausragen. Die umlaufende Wandanordnung wird entweder mit einer konventionell aufgebauten wiederverwendbaren Schalung oder mit Hohlwand-Fertigteilen betoniert, wobei der in die Schalung bzw. die Hohlwand-Fertigteile eingebrachte Frischbeton auch mit den Dichtstreifen in Kontakt kommt. Die Dichtstreifen, welche z. B. aus Blech bestehen können, sind beidseitig mit einer Bitumen enthaltenden Dichtmasse beschichtet, welche mit dem aushärtenden Beton der Bodenplatte und der Wandanordnung kriechwasserdichte Grenzflächen bildet, so dass in der Fuge zwischen Wandanordnung und Oberfläche der Bodenplatte eindringendes Wasser nur bis zu den Dichtstreifen gelangen kann. Eine geeignete Dichtmasse ist beispielsweise in der
Die
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein weiter verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauwerkteils, insbesondere einer Kellerwanne und ein danach hergestelltes Bauwerkteil sowie ein dabei verwendetes Wandelement anzugeben.The invention has for its object to provide a further improved method for producing a structural part, in particular a basement sump and a subsequently manufactured building part as well as a wall element used therein.
Erfindungsgemäße Lösungen sind in den unabhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben. Die abhängigen Ansprüche enthalten vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.Solutions according to the invention are described in the independent claims. The dependent claims contain advantageous refinements and developments of the invention.
Die Erfindung macht auch Gebrauch von den vorteilhaften Eigenschaften des an sich bekannten Dichtmaterials zur Bildung kriechwasserdichter Grenzflächen mit an der Dichtmasse aushärtendem Beton, geht hierbei aber in neuer Weise vor, indem die Bodenplatte zeitlich nach der Wandanordnung hergestellt wird und eine erste Dichtfläche mit dem Dichtmaterial mit der Wandanordnung bzw. den diese bildenden Wandelementen vorbereitet ist und mit dem Frischbeton der Bodenplatte in Kontakt gebracht wird. Die Erfindung ermöglicht insbesondere die Vorfertigung vollständiger Wandelemente, vorzugsweise als Massiv-Beton-Fertigteile oder mehrschalige Beton-Fertigteile, in einem Fertigteil-Werk. Insbesondere kann bereits im Fertigteil-Werk bei der Herstellung der Wandelemente die erste Dichtfläche mit dem Wandelement verbunden werden. Vorzugsweise liegt die erste Dichtfläche auf einem dünnen flachen Träger, insbesondere einer Trägerbahn als Schicht aus dem Dichtmaterial vor. Der Träger kann z. B. eine Kunststofffolie oder Bitumenfolie sein. Der Träger kann in bevorzugter Ausführung seinerseits über eine zweite Dichtfläche, welche ein Dichtmaterial aufweist und eine zweite kriechwasserdichte Grenzfläche zu dem Beton des Wandelements bildet, mit dem Frischbeton zur Herstellung des Wandelements in Kontakt gebracht werden und an diesem verbleiben. Auf der Baustelle ist dann im wesentlichen nur noch auf die Abdichtung von Wandfugenstellen und auf gute Kontaktierung der vorbereiteten ersten Dichtflächen mit dem Frischbeton der Bodenplatte zu achten. Neben einer zuverlässigen Dichtheit eines nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Bauwerkteils ist insbesondere dessen schnelle und kostengünstige Erstellung auf der Baustelle aufgrund der durch die Massiv-Beton-Fertigteile der Wandanordnung mit den vorbereiteten Dichtflächen bereits erfolgten Vorarbeiten von Bedeutung.The invention also makes use of the advantageous properties of the known sealing material for the formation of creep-tight interfaces with concrete curing on the sealant, but this is done in a new way by the bottom plate is made temporally after the wall assembly and a first sealing surface with the sealing material with the wall assembly or the wall elements forming these is prepared and is brought into contact with the fresh concrete of the bottom plate. The invention makes it possible in particular to prefabricate complete wall elements, preferably as solid concrete precast or multi-shell precast concrete parts, in a precast factory. In particular, the first sealing surface can already be connected to the wall element in the production of the wall elements in the finished part factory. Preferably, the first sealing surface is on a thin flat support, in particular a carrier web as a layer of the sealing material. The carrier may, for. B. be a plastic film or bitumen film. The carrier can in a preferred embodiment in turn via a second sealing surface, which has a sealing material and forms a second creep-water-tight interface to the concrete of the wall element, be brought into contact with the fresh concrete for the production of the wall element and remain thereon. At the construction site, it is then essential to pay attention only to the sealing of wall joints and to good contact of the prepared first sealing surfaces with the fresh concrete of the base plate. In addition to a reliable tightness of a building part produced by the process according to the invention is in particular its fast and inexpensive construction on the site due to the already done by the solid concrete precast parts of the wall assembly with the prepared sealing surfaces preparatory work of importance.
Die erste Dichtfläche ist vorteilhafterweise im wesentlichen in der Ebene der Außenwandfläche des jeweiligen Wandelements angeordnet. Die erste Dichtfläche umfasst vorteilhafterweise wenigstens eine erste Kontaktfläche, welche von dem von der Wandanordnung umschlossenen Innenraum weg nach außen weist. In einer ersten vorteilhaften Ausführung liegt die erste Dichtfläche nur an einer von dem Wandelement weg weisenden Fläche eines flachen dünnen Trägers vor, welcher an einer dem Wandelement zuweisenden Fläche eine kriechwasserdichte Grenzfläche zu dem Beton des Wandfertigteils über eine zweite Dichtfläche mit Dichtmaterial bildet. Die zweite Dichtfläche reicht nach unten vorteilhafterweise bis an die Unterkante des Wandelements. In einer Weiterbildung weist die die erste Dichtfläche eine zweite Kontaktfläche auf der der ersten Kontaktfläche gegenüber liegenden Seite des flachen Trägers auf, welche unterhalb der Unterseite der Außenwandfläche des Wandelements liegt.The first sealing surface is advantageously arranged substantially in the plane of the outer wall surface of the respective wall element. The first sealing surface advantageously comprises at least one first contact surface which points away from the interior space enclosed by the wall arrangement. In a first advantageous embodiment, the first sealing surface is present only on a surface facing away from the wall element of a flat thin carrier, which forms a Kriechwasserdichte interface to the concrete of the wall panel via a second sealing surface with sealing material on a wall element assigning surface. The second sealing surface extends downwards advantageously up to the lower edge of the wall element. In a development, the first sealing surface has a second contact surface on the side of the flat carrier lying opposite the first contact surface, which lies below the underside of the outer wall surface of the wall element.
Der flache dünne Träger für die erste und gegebenenfalls die zweite Dichtfläche ist bevorzugt eine Kunststofffolie, welche vorteilhafterweise an der Außenwandfläche des Wandelements eine druckwasserdichte Schale bildet und auch einen mechanischen Schutz für das Dichtmaterial bildet. Der Träger kann insbesondere eine Kunststofffolie, z. B. Polyäthylenfolie, welche mit Dichtmaterial zur Bildung der Dichtflächen beschichtet ist, oder eine Bitumenfolie, welche Dichtmaterial zur Bildung der Dichtflächen an der Oberfläche aufweist, sein.The flat thin support for the first and optionally the second sealing surface is preferably a plastic film, which advantageously forms a pressure-water-tight shell on the outer wall surface of the wall element and also forms a mechanical protection for the sealing material. The carrier may in particular be a plastic film, for. As polyethylene, which is coated with sealing material to form the sealing surfaces, or a bitumen film, which has sealing material to form the sealing surfaces on the surface, be.
Die Wandfuge zwischen den vertikalen seitlichen Randflächen von einander anschließenden Wandelementen kann vorteilhafterweise durch einen vertikalen Streifen aus einem druckwasserdichten Material überbrückt werden, welcher mit der Außenfläche der die Außenwandfläche abdeckenden Schale, z. B. des Trägers der ersten Dichtfläche zu einer über die Wandfuge durchgehenden wasserdicht geschlossenen Abdeckung verbunden werden kann. Die Verbindung kann beispielsweise durch Verkleben oder, im Beispiel der Polyäthylenfolie als Träger durch thermisches Verschweißen erfolgen.The wall joint between the vertical lateral edge surfaces of adjoining wall elements can advantageously be bridged by a vertical strip of a pressurized water-tight material, which with the outer surface of the outer wall surface covering shell, z. B. the carrier of the first sealing surface can be connected to a continuous over the wall joint waterproof cover closed. The connection can be made for example by gluing or, in the example of the polyethylene film as a carrier by thermal welding.
Der flache dünne Träger steht vorteilhafterweise bei dem Fertigteil-Wandelement über die Unterkante der Außenwandfläche nach unten hinaus. Vorzugsweise ist in dem überstehenden Teil das genannte Dichtmaterial auf beiden gegenüber liegenden Seiten des Trägers vorgesehen.The flat thin support advantageously protrudes downwardly beyond the lower edge of the outer wall surface in the precast wall panel. Preferably, in the protruding part, said sealing material is provided on both opposite sides of the carrier.
Die erste Dichtfläche wird an den Wandfugen vorteilhafterweise gleichfalls durch Dichtmaterial überbrückt, wobei vorteilhafterweise zuerst die Überbrükkung der Trägerlücke, z. B. durch den vorgenannten Streifen erfolgt und darauf das Dichtmaterial als dritte Dichtfläche zur Überbrückung der Lücke der ersten Dichtflächen aufgebracht wird. Die dritte Dichtfläche kann auch bereits auf den Streifen vorbereitet sein.The first sealing surface is advantageously also bridged at the wall joints by sealing material, advantageously first the bridging of the carrier gap, z. B. is effected by the aforementioned strip and then the sealing material is applied as a third sealing surface for bridging the gap of the first sealing surfaces. The third sealing surface can already be prepared for the strip.
Bei Verwendung einer Bitumenfolie als Träger für die erste und zweite Dichtfläche kann die Überbrückung der Wandfuge vorteilhaft durch einen Dichtstreifen erfolgen, welcher mit dem Träger verklebt wird. Der Dichtstreifen kann insbesondere selbst aus Bitumenfolie bestehen und eine Oberfläche mit zur Bildung der dritten Dichtfläche geeigneten Dichtmaterial aufweisen.When using a bitumen film as a carrier for the first and second sealing surface, the bridging of the wall joint can advantageously be effected by a sealing strip, which is glued to the carrier. The sealing strip may in particular itself consist of bituminous foil and have a surface with sealing material suitable for forming the third sealing surface.
Die fertig an die Baustelle gelieferten Wandelemente werden über Stützelemente auf einer die Unterseite der Bodenplatte bestimmenden Grundfläche abgestützt, wobei vorteilhafterweise zwischen die Grundfläche und die Stützelemente jeweils eine Unterlage mit einer den Stützelementen zuweisenden nach oben gerichteten vierten Dichtfläche mit Dichtmaterial eingefügt wird. Die vierte Dichtfläche überragt die Stützelemente seitlich umlaufend und wird bei der Herstellung der Bodenplatte mit Frischbeton in Kontakt gebracht. Vorzugsweise ist über die gesamte Grundfläche eine Folie gelegt, deren Oberseite im wesentlichen durchgehend mit Dichtmaterial beschichtet ist, welches auch die vierten Dichtflächen bildet. Die Grundfläche kann z. B. der Erdboden, ein Fundament, eine Sauberkeitsschicht oder eine Kombination davon sein.The wall elements delivered ready to the construction site are supported by support elements on a base surface defining the underside of the base plate, wherein advantageously a base with a support surface facing the fourth sealing surface is inserted with sealing material between the base surface and the support elements. The fourth sealing surface projects beyond the supporting elements laterally and is brought into contact with fresh concrete in the production of the bottom plate. Preferably, a film is placed over the entire base surface, whose upper side is substantially continuously coated with sealing material, which also forms the fourth sealing surfaces. The base can z. As the ground, a foundation, a layer of cleanliness or a combination thereof.
Die Stützelemente sind vorteilhafterweise in begrenztem Umfang höhenverstellbar, z. B. über Schraubgewinde, so dass eine genaue Ausrichtung der Wandelemente über die Verstellung der Stützelemente einfach möglich ist. Für die Stützelemente sind vorteilhafterweise an den Unterseiten der Wandelemente korrespondierende Gegenelemente oder Aufnahmen vorgesehen.The support elements are advantageously height adjustable to a limited extent, for. B. screw thread, so that a precise alignment of the wall elements on the adjustment of the support elements is easily possible. For the support elements corresponding counter elements or receptacles are advantageously provided on the undersides of the wall elements.
Die Wandanordnung kann außen mit weiteren wasserableitenden oder wasserabweisenden Abdeckungen und/oder Wärmedämmmaterial versehen werden. Sowohl die Bodenplatte als auch die Wandelemente enthalten typischerweise Stahl-Bewehrungen.The wall assembly may be externally provided with other water-draining or water-repellent covers and / or thermal insulation material. Both the bottom plate and the wall elements typically include steel reinforcements.
Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele unter Bezugnahme auf die Abbildungen noch eingehend veranschaulicht. Dabei zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- eine vorteilhaftes Wandelement,
- Fig. 2
- Varianten zur Herstellung eines Wandelements nach
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 3
- ein Wandelement nach
Fig. 1 auf einer Bodenplatte, - Fig. 4
- eine alternative Ausführung eines Wandelements auf einer Bodenplatte,
- Fig. 5
- eine Wandfuge,
- Fig. 6
- eine vorteilhafte Ausführung eines Massiv-Beton-Wandelements,
- Fig. 7
- eine vorteilhafte Ausführung eines mehrschaligen Wand-elements.
- Fig. 8
- eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführung eines Massiv-Beton-Wandelements,
- Fig. 9
- eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführung eines Massiv-Beton-Wandelements,
- Fig. 10
- eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführung eines mehrschaligen Wand-elements.
- Fig. 1
- a favorable wall element,
- Fig. 2
- Variants for producing a wall element according to
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 3
- a wall element after
Fig. 1 on a floor plate, - Fig. 4
- an alternative embodiment of a wall element on a Base plate,
- Fig. 5
- a wall joint,
- Fig. 6
- an advantageous embodiment of a solid concrete wall element,
- Fig. 7
- an advantageous embodiment of a multi-shell wall elements.
- Fig. 8
- a further advantageous embodiment of a solid concrete wall element,
- Fig. 9
- a further advantageous embodiment of a solid concrete wall element,
- Fig. 10
- a further advantageous embodiment of a multi-shell wall elements.
Das in
Die erste Dichtfläche ist aus dem vergrößerten Ausschnitt 1.1 veranschaulicht und enthält zwei Schichten K1, K2 aus einem Dichtmaterial, welches in Kontakt mit aushärtendem Frischbeton zu diesem eine kriechwasserdichte Grenzfläche bildet. Der Träger TR steht nach unten mit einem Fortsatz TU über die Unterseite UW der Wandplatte WP hinaus und ist auf der nach außen weisenden Seite über eine Höhe HK1 mit einer eine erste Kontaktfläche K1 bildenden Schicht von Dichtmaterial und auf der unterhalb der Unterseite liegenden, nach innen weisenden Seite mit einer eine zweite Kontaktfläche K2 bildenden Schicht von Dichtmaterial versehen. Die Oberkante der ersten Kontaktschicht entspricht ungefähr der Höhe der Oberfläche der Bodenplatte in der fertigen Kellerwanne. Die Kontaktflächen K1 und K2 bilden die erste Dichtfläche DF1 und sind vorteilhafterweise bis zum Aufstellen der Wandanordnung auf der Baustelle zum Schutz des Dichtmaterials gegen Verschmutzung durch eine abziehbare Schutzfolie SF abgedeckt.The first sealing surface is illustrated in the enlarged section 1.1 and contains two layers K1, K2 of a sealing material which forms a creep-water-tight interface in contact with hardening fresh concrete. The carrier TR is down with an extension TU on the bottom UW of the wall plate WP and is provided on the outwardly facing side over a height HK1 with a first contact surface K1 forming layer of sealing material and on the below the underside lying, inwardly facing side with a second contact surface K2 forming layer of sealing material , The upper edge of the first contact layer corresponds approximately to the height of the surface of the bottom plate in the finished basement trough. The contact surfaces K1 and K2 form the first sealing surface DF1 and are advantageously covered until installation of the wall assembly on the construction site to protect the sealing material against contamination by a peelable protective film SF.
Der Träger TR ist vorteilhafterweise auf einer der Wandplatte zugewandten Seite vollständig mit Dichtmaterial als zweiter Dichtfläche DF2 beschichtet, welches bei der Herstellung der Beton-Wandplatte in Kontakt mit dem aushärtenden Frischbeton für die Wandplatte WP steht und mit diesem eine kriechwasserdichte Grenzfläche bildet. Die zweite Dichtfläche DF2 bildet vorteilhafterweise mit der zweiten Kontaktfläche KF2 eine durchgehende Schicht aus Dichtmaterial.The carrier TR is advantageously completely coated on a side facing the wall plate with sealing material as the second sealing surface DF2, which is in contact with the hardening fresh concrete for the wall plate WP in the production of the concrete wall plate and forms a creeping water-tight interface with this. The second sealing surface DF2 advantageously forms with the second contact surface KF2 a continuous layer of sealing material.
An der Oberkante des Trägers TR ist ein Halteelement HE angeordnet, welches wie aus dem vergrößerten Ausschnitt 1.2 deutlich erkennbar, den oberen Rand des Trägers mit einem vertikalen Abschnitt HEV außenliegend teilweise überlappt. Das Halteelement ist vorteilhafterweise von dem vertikalen Abschnitt durch einen horizontalen Abschnitt HEH fortgesetzt, welcher in den Beton der Wandplatte eingebettet ist. Das Halteelement ist vorteilhafterweise aus einem von dem Träger verschieden, vorzugsweise formstabileren Material, insbesondere Metall und ist zumindest auf seinen dem Beton der Wandplatte zugewandten Fläche mit dem Dichtmaterial versehen, welches wieder zu dem Beton der Wandplatte kriechwasserdichte Grenzflächen bildet. Das Halteelement kann vollständig mit Dichtmaterial beschichtet und an nicht dem Träger TR oder dem Beton der Wandplatte zugewandten Flächen mit einer Schutzfolie abgedeckt sein.At the upper edge of the carrier TR, a holding element HE is arranged, which as clearly visible from the enlarged section 1.2, partially overlaps the upper edge of the carrier with a vertical section HEV outside. The holding element is advantageously continued from the vertical section by a horizontal section HEH which is embedded in the concrete of the wall plate. The holding element is advantageously made of a material different from the carrier, preferably dimensionally stable material, in particular metal and is provided at least on its the concrete of the wall plate facing surface with the sealing material, which forms again to the concrete of the wall plate Kriechwasserdichte interfaces. The holding element can be completely coated with sealing material and covered with a protective film on surfaces not facing the support TR or the concrete of the wall panel.
Die Höhe HP des Trägers ist vorteilhafterweise in der fertigen Kellerwanne oberhalb des zu berücksichtigenden Pegels drückenden Wassers in den umgebenden Erdreich und kann daher je nach den Gegebenheiten des Einzelfalls unterschiedlich sein. Das Halteelement sichert bis zur Fertigstellung des Bauwerks oder zumindest der Kellerwanne die Oberkante des Trägers gegen unbeabsichtigtes Ablösen und bildet zugleich eine Ableitung von ablaufenden Spritzwasser oder Regenwasser auf die Außenseite des Trägers.The height HP of the carrier is advantageously in the finished basement trough above the level to be considered pressing water in the surrounding soil and therefore may be different depending on the circumstances of the case. The holding element secures the completion of the building or at least the basement trough the top of the carrier against unintentional detachment and at the same time forms a derivative of running splashing water or rainwater on the outside of the carrier.
Das Wandelement mit den geschilderten Komponenten setzt sich typischerweise über die gesamte Länge des Wandelements senkrecht zur Zeichenebene der
Die Wandplatte kann in bekannter Weise in
Das Wandelement bildet ein Beton-Fertigteil, welches unabhängig und entfernt von der Baustelle des Bauwerkteils vorgefertigt und als Ganzes zur Baustelle transportiert wird.The wall element forms a precast concrete part, which is prefabricated independently and removed from the construction site of the building part and transported as a whole to the site.
In
Eine einseitig ganzflächig mit Dichtmaterial beschichtete Folie als Träger TR wird auf die erforderliche Größe zugeschnitten und eine Leiste als Halteelement HE auf die benötigte Länge abgelängt. Eine Schutzfolie auf dem Dichtmaterial wird im Bereich der zweiten Dichtfläche DF2 entfernt, im Bereich der zweiten Kontaktfläche K2 belassen.A one-sided over the entire surface coated with sealing material film as a carrier TR is cut to the required size and cut a bar as a holding element HE to the required length. A protective film on the sealing material is removed in the region of the second sealing surface DF2, left in the region of the second contact surface K2.
In der Variante (A) der
In der Variante (B) der
Das Dichtmaterial der ersten Kontaktfläche K1 der ersten Dichtfläche kann unabhängig vom Dichtmaterial der ganzflächigen Beschichtung des Trägers für die zweite Dichtfläche und die zweite Kontaktfläche auf den Träger aufgebracht werden. Eine das ganzflächige Dichtmaterial der zweiten Kontaktfläche K2 und der zweiten Dichtfläche anfänglich abdeckende Schutzfolie ist vorteilhafterweise so geteilt vorbereitet, dass die Schutzfolie vom Dichtmaterial der zweiten Dichtfläche abgezogen und auf dem Dichtmaterial der zweiten Kontaktfläche vorerst belassen werden kann. Dies kann vor der Verbindung des Trägers mit dem Beton der Wandplatte oder danach, vorzugsweise aber noch vor dem Transport des Wandelements zur Baustelle erfolgen.The sealing material of the first contact surface K1 of the first sealing surface can be applied to the carrier independently of the sealing material of the entire surface coating of the carrier for the second sealing surface and the second contact surface. An all-over sealing material of the second contact surface K2 and the second sealing surface initially covering protective film is advantageously prepared divided so that the protective film can be deducted from the sealing material of the second sealing surface and left on the sealing material of the second contact surface for the time being. This can be done before the connection of the carrier with the concrete of the wall plate or thereafter, but preferably before the transport of the wall element to the construction site.
Nach der Entformung der ausgehärteten Wandplatte liegt ein Wandelement der in
Das Dichtmaterial der ersten Kontaktfläche kann in anderer vorteilhafter Ausführung auch bereits auf einer Trägerfolie vom Folienhersteller vorbereitet aufgebracht sein.In another advantageous embodiment, the sealing material of the first contact surface can also already be applied prepared on a carrier film by the film manufacturer.
Auf der Baustelle ist die Grundfläche für die Bodenplatte vorbereitet, in der Skizze nach
Auf der gesamten Grundfläche ist vorteilhafterweise eine auf ihrer nach oben weisenden Fläche mit Dichtmaterial beschichtete Folie BF ausgelegt, welche auch seitlich entlang einer Schalung für die Bodenplatte nach oben fortgesetzt sein kann. Über der Grundfläche in dem für die Bodenplatte vorgesehenen Schalungsraum sind Bewehrungselemente BE, insbesondere auch als Fundamentbewehrung unter der Wandanordnung in der Bodenplatte, eingelegt. Die Bewehrung kann in vorteilhafter Ausbildung zur Halterung einer seitlichen Randschalung der Bodenplatte dienen. Die Schalung reicht seitlich über die Wandelemente hinaus.On the entire surface advantageously a coated on its upwardly facing surface with sealing material film BF is designed, which can be continued laterally along a formwork for the bottom plate upwards. Reinforcement elements BE, in particular as foundation reinforcement under the wall arrangement in the bottom plate, are inserted above the base area in the formwork space provided for the floor panel. The reinforcement can serve in an advantageous embodiment for holding a lateral edge formwork of the bottom plate. The formwork extends laterally beyond the wall elements.
Die auf die derart vorbereitete Baustelle ausgelieferten Wandelemente werden über mit den Gegenelementen in den Unterseiten der Wandelemente korrespondierenden Stützelementen SE, beispielsweise in Schraubanker der Wandplatte eingreifende Schrauben auf den provisorischen Fundamentplatten über der Folie BF abgestützt und zur Bildung der Wandanordnung ausgerichtet, wobei die verstellbaren Stützelemente auf einfache Weise eine präzise Ausrichtung erlauben.The wall elements delivered onto the construction site prepared in this way are supported on the provisional foundation plates above the foil BF by means of supporting elements SE corresponding to the counter elements in the undersides of the wall elements, for example in screw anchors of the wall plate, and aligned to form the wall arrangement, wherein the adjustable support elements easy way to allow precise alignment.
In vorteilhafter Ausführung können die Stützelemente für die Wandelemente zugleich zur Abstützung der Bewehrung dienen und mit dieser verbunden sein.In an advantageous embodiment, the support elements for the wall elements can also serve to support the reinforcement and be connected to this.
Die Unterkante des nach unten überstehenden Abschnitts des Trägers ist von der Folie BF bzw. der Grundfläche vertikal beabstandet, vorzugsweise um wenigstens die Hälfte der Höhe der Bodenplatte. Die Bodenplatte ragt seitlich über die äußeren Wandflächen der Wandanordnung hinaus.The lower edge of the downwardly projecting portion of the carrier is vertically spaced from the film BF or the base, preferably at least half the height of the bottom plate. The bottom plate projects laterally beyond the outer wall surfaces of the wall assembly.
Nach gesonderter Abdichtung von Wandfugen zwischen aneinander anschließenden Wandelementen, wie anhand
Nach Aushärten des Betons der Bodenplatte BP bildet die Bodenplatte auch das Fundament für das Bauwerk oder Bauwerkteil und die Tragfunktion der provisorischen Fundamentplatten FP ist nicht mehr von Bedeutung. Beim Aushärten der Bodenplatte bildet deren Frischbeton mit der die Stützelemente umgebenden Schicht aus Dichtmaterial auf der Folie BF eine vierte kriechwasserdichte Grenzfläche DF4, durch welche auch bei nur unter den Stützelementen angeordneten, nicht flächig unter der Bodenplatte BP durchgehenden Folie BF das Eindringen von Wasser entlang der Grenzfläche zwischen Stützelementen und Beton verhindert. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können auch die Stützelemente SE teilweise mit Dichtmaterial beschichtet sein.After curing of the concrete of the bottom plate BP, the bottom plate also forms the foundation for the structure or building part and the support function of the temporary foundation plates FP is no longer important. When the bottom plate is hardened, its fresh concrete with the layer of sealing material surrounding the supporting elements forms a fourth water-impermeable boundary surface DF4, through which even under the support elements the sheet BF, which does not extend underneath the bottom plate BP, penetrates water Prevents interface between support elements and concrete. Additionally or alternatively, the support elements SE may be partially coated with sealing material.
Die Oberkante des Trägers TR liegt vorteilhafterweise wenigstens auf der Höhe HP des zu berücksichtigenden Pegels von außen drückendem Wassers. Der Träger TR bildet gegen solches drückendes Wasser eine dauerhaft dichte Schale. Selbst bei einer versehentlichen Beschädigung des Trägers kann sich an der Beschädigungsstelle durchtretendes Wasser nicht entlang der Wandfläche ausbreiten, da die zweite Dichtfläche DF2 eine kriechwasserdichte Grenzfläche zu dem Beton der Wandplatte bildet.The upper edge of the carrier TR is advantageously at least at the height HP of the level to be considered by externally oppressive water. The carrier TR forms against such pressing water a permanently sealed shell. Even with accidental damage to the wearer, water passing through the damaged area can not travel along the wall surface spread because the second sealing surface DF2 forms a creep-water-tight interface with the concrete of the wall plate.
Auf die Außenwand der Wandplatte kann oberhalb des Trägers TR vorteilhafterweise noch eine Dichtungsbahn DB aufgebracht werden, welche die Oberkante des Trägers TR oder zumindest die Oberkante des Halteelements seitlich überlappt und an welcher auf die Wand gerichtetes Spritzwasser nach unten ablaufen kann. Die Wandanordnung kann zusätzlich mit Dämmmaterial WW verkleidet werden.On the outer wall of the wall plate, a sealing membrane DB can advantageously be applied above the support TR, which laterally overlaps the upper edge of the carrier TR or at least the upper edge of the holding element and can run down to which spray water directed onto the wall. The wall arrangement can be additionally covered with insulating material WW.
Bei der in
Prinzipiell sind anstelle der Massiv-Beton-Fertigteile als Wandelemente, wie zu
In besonders vorteilhafter Ausführung wird das mehrschalige Wandelement nicht mit Beton als Material im Kernraum ausgefüllt, sondern der Kernraum wird mit wärmeisolierendem Material WB ausgefüllt. Da der Kernraum durch die über die ersten und zweiten Dichtflächen bereits an der Außenschale WSA erfolgte Abdichtung im trockenen Bereich liegt, können Wärmedämmmaterialien eingesetzt werden, welche nicht wasserdicht und/oder verrottungssicher sein müssen. Das wärmedämmende Material wird vorteilhafterweise bereits bei der Fertigung des mehrschaligen Wandelements im Fertigteilwerk in den Kernraum eingebracht.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the multi-shell wall element is not filled with concrete as material in the core space, but the core space is filled with heat-insulating material WB. Since the core space is already in the dry area due to the sealing already carried out on the outer shell WSA via the first and second sealing surfaces, thermal insulation materials which are not watertight and / or rot-proof can be used. The heat-insulating material is advantageously already introduced into the core space during the production of the multi-shell wall element in the precast plant.
Zur Aufstellung des mehrschaligen Wandelements sind an dessen Unterseite stabile Trägerbrücken GB als Gegenelemente zu den Stützelementen SE eingegossen. In
In
An den Außenwandflächen der Wandelemente ergibt sich eine Lücke LU in den zweiten Dichtflächen DF2.1 und DF2.2, den ersten Kontaktflächen K1.1 und K1.2, den zweiten Kontaktflächen K2.1 und K2.2 und den Trägern TR.1 und TR.2 einschließlich deren unteren Fortsätzen TU.1 und TU.2 jeweils des ersten bzw. des zweiten Wandelements, wie in den vergrößerten Ausschnitten genauer veranschaulicht.On the outer wall surfaces of the wall elements results in a gap LU in the second sealing surfaces DF2.1 and DF2.2, the first contact surfaces K1.1 and K1.2, the second contact surfaces K2.1 and K2.2 and the carriers TR.1 and TR.2 including their lower extensions TU.1 and TU.2 respectively of the first and the second wall element, as more fully illustrated in the enlarged details.
Der Ausschnitt 4.U liegt auf Höhe der ersten und zweiten Kontaktflächen, der Ausschnitt 4.O oberhalb dieser Kontaktflächen. Die ersten Kontaktflächen K1.1 und K1.2 sind wie im Ausschnitt 4.U ersichtlich nicht bis zu den Seitenwänden der Wandplatten bzw. den Seitenkanten der Fortsätze TU.1 bzw. TU.2 der Träger geführt, sondern enden von diesen beabstandet, so dass die Lücke zwischen den benachbarten ersten Kontaktflächen wesentlich breiter ist als LU.The section 4.U is at the height of the first and second contact surfaces, the section 4.O above these contact surfaces. The first contact surfaces K1.1 and K1.2, as shown in section 4.U, are not guided to the side walls of the wall panels or the side edges of the extensions TU.1 or TU.2 of the carriers, but end away from them that the gap between the adjacent first contact surfaces is substantially wider than LU.
Ein Dichtstreifen DS wird von außen an die Träger TR.1 und TR.2 einschließlich der Fortsätze angelegt und druckwasserdicht mit diesen verbunden. In dem beschriebenen Beispiel mit einer HDPE-Folie als Träger TR.1 und TR.2 besteht der Dichtstreifen DS vorteilhafterweise gleichfalls aus Polyäthylen und wird mit dem Träger durch thermisches Verschweißen dauerhaft druckwasserdicht verbunden, so dass eine die Lücken LU überbrückende durchgehend wasserdichte Schale der Träger mit dem Dichtstreifen entsteht. Der Dichtstreifen DS reicht bis zur Unterkante der Träger, wo er zwischen den weiter auseinander liegenden ersten Kontaktflächen K1.1 und K1.2 verläuft, wie aus dem Ausschnitt 4.U ersichtlich ist. Zur Erzeugung einer über die Wandfuge durchgehenden Dichtmaterialschicht von ersten Kontaktflächen wird eine Schicht aus Dichtmaterial als dritte Dichtfläche DF3 über den Dichtstreifen und bis zu den beabstandeten ersten Kontaktflächen K1.1 und K1.2 aufgebracht, welche insbesondere als Dichtmaterialstreifen vorliegen kann. Konturbereiche an den Dichtstreifen DS und/oder den ersten Kontaktflächen können durch weiteres Dichtmaterial MV, z. B. in zähflüssiger Form aufgefüllt werden. Mit den dritten Dichtflächen und den ersten Kontaktflächen entsteht eine entlang der Wandanordnung umlaufend durchgehende Schicht aus Dichtmaterial in Kontakt zu dem Frischbeton der Bodenplatte.A sealing strip DS is applied from the outside to the support TR.1 and TR.2 including the extensions and connected watertight with these. In the example described with an HDPE film as a carrier TR.1 and TR.2 the sealing strip DS is advantageously also made of polyethylene and is permanently watertight connected to the carrier by thermal welding, so that the gaps LU bridging continuously waterproof shell of the carrier created with the sealing strip. The sealing strip DS extends to the lower edge of the carrier, where it extends between the farther apart contact surfaces K1.1 and K1.2, as can be seen from the section 4.U. In order to produce a sealing material layer of first contact surfaces passing through the wall joint, a layer of sealing material is applied as the third sealing surface DF3 over the sealing strip and up to the spaced first contact surfaces K1.1 and K1.2, which can be present in particular as strips of sealing material. Contour areas on the sealing strip DS and / or the first contact surfaces can be replaced by further sealing material MV, z. B. be filled in viscous form. With the third sealing surfaces and the first contact surfaces is formed along the wall assembly circumferentially continuous layer of sealing material in contact with the fresh concrete of the bottom plate.
Das Dichtmaterial bildet mit dem Träger TR, dem Dichtstreifen DS und dem Halteelement HE eine kriechwasserdichte Grenzfläche ohne besondere Maßnahmen. Gegen Beton wird die Kriechwasser-Dichtigkeit zuverlässig nur bei Aushärten des Frischbetons an der Dichtmaterialschicht erreicht.The sealing material forms with the carrier TR, the sealing strip DS and the holding element HE a Kriechwasserdichte interface without special measures. Against concrete, the creep water tightness is reliably achieved only when curing the fresh concrete to the sealing material layer.
Die Abbildungen, insbesondere die vergrößerten Ausschnitte sind insbesondere hinsichtlich von Schichtdicken nur schematisch, nicht maßstäblich zu verstehen.The illustrations, in particular the enlarged cutouts, are to be understood only schematically, not to scale, with regard to layer thicknesses.
In ähnlicher Weise kann bei einem mehrschaligen Hohlwand-Fertigteil im Unterschied zu der in
Die Kontaktfläche K1 kann wie in
In ähnlicher Weise kann bei einem mehrschaligen Hohlwand-Fertigteil gemäß der Ausführung nach
In
Claims (30)
- Method for producing a part of a building, in particular a cellar tanking system, with a concrete floor panel (BP) extending over a base surface and with a wall arrangement which projects upwardly from this panel and encloses an interior space and which is composed of a plurality of mutually adjoining prefabricated wall elements with a wall panel (WP) and an exposed first sealing surface of a sealing material which is not covered by concrete of the wall panel and which is connected to the wall panel, characterized in that a sealing material which forms a seepage water-tight boundary surface with curing fresh concrete is used for the first sealing surface (F1), in that, before the production of the concrete floor panel, the wall arrangement is arranged above the base surface and spaced vertically therefrom and is positioned in such a way that the first sealing surface (DF1) of the sealing material connected to the wall panels of the wall elements of the wall arrangement lies with a lower edge above the base surface (SK, FP) and spaced therefrom, but lies below the intended level of the surface of the floor panel (BP), and in that fresh concrete for the floor panel is then poured to the height of the said level and is brought into contact with the first sealing surface (DF1) and cures thereon.
- Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fresh concrete for the floor panel (BP) is introduced to a height which exceeds the lower edge of the first sealing surface (DF1) by at least a prescribed minimum covering amount, in particular by at least 3 cm.
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first sealing surface is oriented with a first contact surface (K1) facing outwardly away from the interior space, and in that the fresh concrete for the floor panel is poured so as to project laterally above the wall arrangement.
- Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the first sealing surface (DF1) has a second contact surface (K2) which faces the interior space and which is below the lower edge of the wall element, and the fresh concrete of the floor panel (BP) is also brought into contact with the second contact surface (K2) and cures thereon.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first sealing surface (DF1) is arranged substantially in the planes of the outer wall surfaces (AW) of the wall elements.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first sealing surface is present on a carrier web (TR) and is connected by this to the wall arrangement.
- Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the carrier web (TR) is a plastic sheet, which is coated with sealing material to form the sealing surfaces (DF1).
- Method according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the carrier web used is a bitumen sheet with sealing material on the surface which forms the sealing surfaces (DF1).
- Method according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the carrier web is applied to the outer wall surface (AW) of the wall element.
- Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the carrier web (TR) has a second sealing surface (DF2) with sealing material on the side facing the outer wall (AW) of the wall element, and in that, during the production of the wall element, the carrier web is brought into contact with the fresh concrete surface forming the outer wall surface of said wall element and remains thereon.
- Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that the wall element is produced as a solid prefabricated concrete part.
- Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that the wall element is produced as a multi-shell prefabricated concrete part.
- Method according to Claim 12, characterized in that the wall element is produced with two outer concrete shells and with a layer of thermally insulating material enclosed between them.
- Method according to one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the first and the second sealing surface (DF1, DF2) form a continuous layer of sealing material.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the outer wall surface and, if appropriate, the second sealing surface are provided, beyond the level of the floor panel, with a continuous water-tight covering.
- Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that, at wall joints between two mutually adjoining wall elements, the vertical joint is covered by means of a strip (DS)of material which can be connected, in particular welded, to the covering in a water-tight manner, and the strip is welded to the covering in an infiltration water-tight manner.
- Method according to Claim 6 and Claim 15, characterized in that the carrier web (TR) serves as a covering.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, at wall joints between two mutually adjoining wall elements, the first sealing surface (K1.1, K1.2) of the two wall elements (WE1, WE2) are connected by means of a bridge element (DS), which has a third sealing surface (DF3) with sealing material, in such a way that the first sealing surfaces (K1.1, K1.2) of the two wall elements and the third sealing surface (DF3) form a surface with sealing material which is continuous in the circumferential direction of the wall arrangement, and in that the fresh concrete of the floor panel is brought into contact with this continuous layer of sealing material.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the wall arrangement is supported via supporting elements (SE) on the base surface (SK, FP) .
- Method according to Claim 19, characterized in that underlays with fourth sealing surfaces (DF4) with upwardly pointing sealing material, which surfaces project laterally in a circumferential manner above the supporting elements, are inserted between the base surface and supporting elements, and the fresh concrete of the floor panel (BP) is brought into contact with these fourth sealing surfaces (DF4).
- Method according to Claim 20, characterized in that a continuous sheet (BE) with a layer of sealing material (DF4) is applied to the upwardly facing side above the base surface (SK, FP), and the supporting elements (SE) are set up on this sheet.
- Method according to Claim 19, characterized in that the supporting elements (SE) are at least partially coated with sealing material, and fresh concrete of the floor panel is brought into contact with the sealing material coating of the supporting elements.
- Method according to Claim 19, characterized in that the supporting elements (SE) are height-adjustable and the wall elements are exactly aligned by means of the height-adjustable supporting elements.
- Method according to Claim 19, characterized in that a reinforcement (BE) for the base panel is connected to the supporting elements.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 24, characterized in that, after introducing the fresh concrete for the floor panel, the wall arrangement is clad outwardly with thermally insulating material (WW).
- Part of a building, in particular a cellar tanking system, produced by a method according to one of patent Claims 1 to 25.
- Wall element with a wall panel (WP) for use in a method according to one of Claims 1 to 25, wherein- a solid concrete panel forms the wall panel and- an exposed sealing surface of a sealing material which is not covered by concrete of the wall panel is connected to the wall panel,characterized in that- the sealing surface (DF1) is provided with a sealing material (K1, K2) which forms a seepage water-tight boundary surface with curing fresh concrete.
- Wall element according to Claim 27, characterized in that the sealing surface (DF1) protrudes downwardly beyond a lower boundary (UW) of the wall panel (WP).
- Wall element according to Claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the sealing surface is continued with respect to the concrete of the wall panel in a non-exposed seepage water-tight boundary surface (DF2).
- Wall element according to one of Claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the sealing surface is formed on a carrier (TR) which is connected to an outer side of the wall panel.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005051161 | 2005-10-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1777351A1 EP1777351A1 (en) | 2007-04-25 |
EP1777351B1 true EP1777351B1 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
Family
ID=37603758
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06019511A Not-in-force EP1777351B1 (en) | 2005-10-24 | 2006-09-19 | Method of forming a part of a building, in particular a cellar and the part of building formed accordingly |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1777351B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE464437T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE502006006683D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114277924B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-09-13 | 海南大学 | Super-large sewage treatment tank structure and construction method thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58113428A (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1983-07-06 | Misawa Homes Co Ltd | Construction of semi-basement with units |
DE29604897U1 (en) * | 1996-03-16 | 1996-05-23 | Heidelberger Dämmsysteme GmbH, 69115 Heidelberg | Drainage, sealing and / or thermal insulation board |
DE10256811A1 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-06-24 | Roland Wolf | Foundation plate and wall panels of concrete consists of concrete layer on esp. hard foam base plate, connected via sealant layer and fresh concrete to form water-proof border layer |
DE10256813A1 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-06-24 | Roland Wolf | Concrete component, especially a hollow chamber wall element, used in building construction comprises a heat-insulating layer having a contact surface provided with a sealing material forming a water-tight boundary layer with fresh concrete |
AU2003903547A0 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2003-07-24 | Neoferma Australia Pty Ltd | Structures and methods of waterproofing same |
DE10342678A1 (en) * | 2003-09-16 | 2005-04-14 | Henkel Kgaa | barrier sheet |
DE102004007709A1 (en) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-08-25 | Roland Wolf | Edge formwork device used in the manufacture of reinforced concrete bearing plates comprises a horizontal edge formwork plate, a reinforcing arrangement, and connecting elements connecting the plate to a reinforcing grid |
-
2006
- 2006-09-19 AT AT06019511T patent/ATE464437T1/en active
- 2006-09-19 EP EP06019511A patent/EP1777351B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-09-19 DE DE502006006683T patent/DE502006006683D1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE502006006683D1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
EP1777351A1 (en) | 2007-04-25 |
ATE464437T1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
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