EP1757447A2 - Printing unit of a printing press - Google Patents

Abstract

A printing unit has two form cylinders (20,27), some inking attachment rollers (5,6,7) providing ink to the form cylinders through color ink arrangement rollers (10,11,14,15), and damping rollers (18,19). When automatically adjusting one or more of the inking attachment and damping rollers according to the change in diameter of the form cylinder, the contact and constant line forces between inking attachment rollers and/or between damping rollers is maintained.

Description

The invention relates to a printing unit of a printing press according to the preamble of claim 1.

Printing units of printing machines have a form cylinder on which at least one printing form is positioned. In addition to the forme cylinder printing units continue to have an inking unit and optionally a dampening unit, with the aid of the inking ink is applied to the or each positioned on the form cylinder printing plate. Moistening agent is applied to the or each printing block positioned on the forme cylinder with the aid of the dampening unit. Starting from the forme cylinder, the ink is transferred to a transfer cylinder or blanket cylinder, which ultimately applies the ink to a substrate. The transfer cylinder or blanket cylinder rolls off either on a counter-pressure cylinder or on a blanket cylinder of an adjacent printing unit.

In variable-size printing units, it is necessary to adapt the individual modules to different print formats. For this purpose, in particular the inking unit and the dampening unit must be adapted to changing diameter of the forme cylinder. From practice, it is already known to adapt so-called inking rollers of an inking unit of a printing unit to different sized diameter of the forme cylinder, that the inking rollers are pivoted. Here, the inking rollers are initially pivoted from the form cylinder in the so-called hiring of the inking unit to the forme cylinder, to then, when the inking unit has reached its position, to be pivoted back to the forme cylinder. Here, a pre-inking of the inking unit as well as the forme cylinder is to be achieved in order to reduce a so-called start-up waste at the beginning of the actual printing process. All Rolls of the inking unit and the dampening unit must be in contact with each other during this starting process, whereby the so-called line forces between the rollers must remain the same so that the inking process is not interrupted. As a result of component tolerances and friction this Anstellphase the inking with simultaneous pre-inking of the same in practice can be realized only with great effort, in particular, this is a costly and costly design of the inking required.

On this basis, the present invention has the object to provide a novel printing unit of a printing press. This object is achieved by a printing unit of a printing press according to claim 1. According to the invention are at execution of a format change, namely when adjusting the inking unit and optionally the dampening unit to a changing diameter of the forme cylinder, at least some of the inking rollers and optionally some of the dampening rollers while maintaining the contacts and maintaining approximately constant line forces between successive rolling inking rollers and optionally Automatically adjustable on each other rolling dampening rollers.

With the present invention, a simple, inexpensive and compact printing unit is proposed, in which the inking unit can be adapted to different diameters of the forme cylinder with good pre-inking when performing a format change.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the variable in their relative position inking rollers and the adjustable dampening rollers are associated with a plurality of pneumatic pistons, namely pneumatic piston to cushion the weight of the respective roller and pneumatic piston to provide a defined line force between the respective roller and rolling on the same rolls or the on the same rolling form cylinder.

Preferably, the amount of pneumatic air supplied to the pneumatic piston is adjustable so that the pneumatic air generates a constant force on the respective pneumatic piston over the entire stroke of the same, and that the respective pneumatic piston is air cushion-like and thus mounted virtually frictionless.

Fig. 1:

eine erfindungsgemäße Darstellung eines Druckwerks einer Druckmaschine im Bereich eines Farbwerks, eines Feuchtwerks und eines Formzylinders;

Fig. 2:

ein vergrößertes Detail des Druckwerks der Fig. 1 im Bereich einer Feuchtauftragwalze;

Fig. 3:

ein weiteres vergrößertes Detail des Druckwerks der Fig. 1 im Bereich einer Feuchtauftragwalze;

Fig. 4:

eine teilweise geschnittene Ansicht der Feuchtauftragwalze und einer Lagerung derselben in Richtung I gemäß Fig. 2;

Fig. 5:

ein Detail der Anordnung der Fig. 4 in Richtung II gemäß Fig. 4;

Fig. 6:

einen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 4 in Schnittrichtung III-III gemäß Fig. 4;

Fig. 7:

einen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 4 in Schnittrichtung IV-IV gemäß Fig. 4;

Fig. 8:

einen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 4 in Schnittrichtung V-V gemäß Fig. 4;

Fig. 9:

eine Lagerung einer Zwischenwalze des Farbwerks des erfindungsgemäßen Druckwerks;

Fig. 10:

ein vergrößertes Detail der Lagerung gemäß Fig. 9;

Fig. 11:

ein Detail der Anordnung der Fig. 10 in Richtung VI der Fig. 10;

Fig. 12:

einen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 10 in Schnittrichtung VII-VII gemäß Fig. 10;

Fig. 13:

einen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 10 in Schnittrichtung VIII-VIII gemäß Fig. 10;

Fig. 14:

einen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 10 in Schnittrichtung IX-IX gemäß Fig. 10;

Fig. 15:

einen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 10 in Schnittrichtung X-X gemäß Fig. 10;

Fig. 16:

ein Detail des erfindungsgemäßen Druckwerks, wobei Farbwerkwalzen des Farbwerks in einer Einfärbeposition gezeigt sind;

Fig. 17:

das Detail der Fig. 16 in Vorfeuchtposition des Formzylinders;

Fig. 18:

das Detail der Fig. 16 in Einfärbeposition des Formzylinders im Kleinformat;

Fig. 19:

das Detail der Fig. 16 in Einfärbeposition des Formzylinders im Großformat;

Fig. 20:

das Detail der Fig. 16 mit abgestellten Walzen;

Fig. 21 bis 24:

eine Abfolge von Anstellposition des Druckwerks;

Fig. 25:

einen Querschnitt durch eine Reiberwalze des Farbwerks des erfindungsgemäßen Druckwerks;

Fig. 26:

einen Antrieb der Reiberwalzen über eine Kurbelwelle;

Fig. 27:

einen alternativen Antrieb der Reiberwalzen;

Fig. 28:

ein Detail der Anordnung gemäß Fig. 27;

Fig. 29:

einen alternativen Antrieb der Reiberwalzen mit Planentengetrieben;

Fig. 30:

eines der Planentengetriebe der Fig. 29 im Querschnitt;

Fig. 31:

ein Detail der Anordnung der Fig. 29 in Richtung XI der Fig. 29;

Fig. 32:

einen Antrieb der Reiberwalzen über Einzelantriebe;

Fig. 33:

einen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 32 in Schnittrichtung XII-XII gemäß Fig. 32;

Fig. 34:

einen Antrieb der Reiberwalzen über Linearmotor-Einzelantriebe;

Fig. 35:

einen Querschnitt durch die Anordnung der Fig. 34 in Schnittrichtung XIII-XIII gemäß Fig. 34; und

Fig. 36:

eine schematisierte Darstellung einer Druckmaschinenregelung.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. An embodiment of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawing. Showing:

Fig. 1:

an inventive representation of a printing unit of a printing press in the range of an inking unit, a dampening unit and a forme cylinder;

Fig. 2:

an enlarged detail of the printing unit of Figure 1 in the region of a dampening roller.

3:

a further enlarged detail of the printing unit of Figure 1 in the region of a dampening roller.

4:

a partially sectioned view of the dampening roller and a storage thereof in the direction I of FIG. 2;

Fig. 5:

a detail of the arrangement of Figure 4 in the direction II of FIG. 4.

Fig. 6:

a cross-section through the arrangement of Figure 4 in the cutting direction III-III of FIG. 4.

Fig. 7:

a cross-section through the arrangement of Figure 4 in the cutting direction IV-IV of FIG. 4.

Fig. 8:

a cross-section through the arrangement of Figure 4 in the cutting direction VV of FIG. 4.

Fig. 9:

a storage of an intermediate roll of the inking unit of the printing unit according to the invention;

Fig. 10:

an enlarged detail of the storage of FIG. 9;

Fig. 11:

a detail of the arrangement of Figure 10 in the direction VI of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12:

a cross-section through the arrangement of Figure 10 in the cutting direction VII-VII of FIG. 10.

Fig. 13:

a cross-section through the arrangement of Figure 10 in the cutting direction VIII-VIII of FIG. 10.

Fig. 14:

a cross-section through the arrangement of Figure 10 in the cutting direction IX-IX of FIG. 10.

Fig. 15:

a cross-section through the arrangement of Figure 10 in the cutting direction XX of FIG. 10.

Fig. 16:

a detail of the printing unit according to the invention, wherein inking rollers of the inking unit are shown in a Einärbeposition;

Fig. 17:

the detail of Figure 16 in pre-wetting position of the forme cylinder.

Fig. 18:

the detail of Figure 16 in Einärbeposition of the forme cylinder in small format.

Fig. 19:

the detail of Figure 16 in the inking position of the forme cylinder in large format.

Fig. 20:

the detail of Figure 16 with parked rollers.

21 to 24:

a sequence of setting position of the printing unit;

Fig. 25:

a cross section through a distributor roller of the inking unit of the printing unit according to the invention;

Fig. 26:

a drive of the distributor rollers via a crankshaft;

Fig. 27:

an alternative drive of the distributor rollers;

Fig. 28:

a detail of the arrangement of FIG. 27;

Fig. 29:

an alternative drive of the distributor rollers with planetary gears;

Fig. 30:

one of the planetary gear of Figure 29 in cross section.

Fig. 31:

a detail of the arrangement of Figure 29 in the direction XI of Fig. 29 .;

Fig. 32:

a drive of the distributor rollers via individual drives;

Fig. 33:

a cross-section through the arrangement of Figure 32 in the cutting direction XII-XII of FIG. 32 .;

Fig. 34:

a drive of the distributor rollers via linear motor single drives;

Fig. 35:

a cross-section through the arrangement of Figure 34 in the cutting direction XIII-XIII of FIG. 34. and

Fig. 36:

a schematic representation of a printing machine control.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 36.

Fig. 1 shows a section of a printing unit of a printing press in the range of an inking unit, a dampening unit and a forme cylinder. From the inking unit of the printing unit, an ink fountain 1 is shown, in which printing ink is kept ready. The held ready in the ink fountain 1 ink is removed via a ink fountain roller 2 from the ink fountain 1 and transmitted, starting from the ink fountain roller 2 via a Farbheberwalze 3 on a distributor roller 4 of the inking unit. About the ink fountain roller 4 downstream inking rollers 5, 6 and 7, the ink reaches the distributor rollers 8 and 9, wherein the located on the ink fountain roller 7 printing ink between the distributor rollers 8 and 9 is divided. Starting from the distributor roller 9, the ink branches to so-called inking rollers 10 and 11, starting from the distributor roller 8, however, the ink is distributed over inking rollers 12 and 13 on inking rollers 11, 14 and 15. On the inking rollers 14 and 15 rolls another distributor roller 16th from. The inking rollers 10, 11, 14 and 15 roll on a form cylinder or at least one positioned on the forme cylinder printing form.

From dampening a not quantified in Fig. 1 dampening solution tank is shown, wherein in the dampening solution container held dampening removed via a Feuchtduktorwalze 17 from the dampening solution tank and on a Dampening drive roller 18 is applied. From the dampening roller 18, the fountain solution passes through a dampening roller 19 on the forme cylinder 20, or on the or each on the forme cylinder 20 positioned printing form.

The distributor rollers 4, 8, 9, 16 and 18 of the inking unit and dampening unit are mounted non-adjustable in side walls 38 of the inking unit and are driven by a drive 21 via fixed spur gears 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26. The rollers 5, 6, 7, 12 and 13 of the inking unit are adjustable in position and take the position or position shown in Fig. 1 when printing for transfer of ink to the or each on the forme cylinder 20 positioned printing form. In a so-called storage position, they are located in the positions or positions indicated by the reference numerals 5 ', 6', 7 ', 12' and 13 ', in which they do not contact the inking unit roller and the distributor roller.

In Fig. 1, the forme cylinder 20 corresponds to a forme cylinder in the so-called small size, further in Fig. 1, a forme cylinder 27 is shown in large format. The also adjustable inking rollers 11 and 14 take in both cylinders 20 and 27 and thus in both printing formats in about the same position or position, in the parking position 11 'and 14' touch the same no distributor roller and no inking roller. The inking rollers 10 and 15 and the dampening roller 19 take in terms of the large-format forme cylinder 27 with the reference numerals 10 ', 15' and 19 'marked positions. The storage positions of these applicator rollers are identified by the reference numerals 10 ", 15" and 19 "In the parking positions, the inking rollers 10 and 15 and the dampening form roller 19 do not touch a distributor roller and no other roller of the inking unit or dampening unit.

2 and 3 show enlarged details of the printing unit of FIG. 1 in the area of the dampening form roller 19, FIG. 4 shows the dampening form roller 19 in the viewing direction I of FIG. 2. FIGS. 5 to 8 show various sectional views through a mounting of the dampening form roller 19.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the weight of the dampening form roller 19 is received by pneumatic piston 28 in all positions 19, 19 'and 19' 'thereof. The pneumatic pistons 28 extend in the direction of the directional arrow 29. The various positions of the pneumatic pistons 28 are indicated by the reference numerals 28, 28 'and 28 "in Fig. 2. The pneumatic pistons 28 are supported on a holding element 30 in each of their positions and are over an air supply is set such that the weight of the dampening form roller 19 is just compensated Further pneumatic pistons 31 are adjusted such that the dampening form roller 19 is pressed against the distributor roller 18 with a defined line force in the direction of the directional arrow 32, whereby the pneumatic pistons 31 again in all supported by the reference numerals 31, 31 'and 31 "marked positions on a holding element 33. Further pneumatic pistons 34 finally press the dampening form roller 19 with an adjustable line force in the direction of the directional arrow 35 onto the forme cylinder 20 or the forme cylinder 27, wherein the pneumatic pistons 34 are supported on a holding element 36. With a pneumatic cylinder 37, when the pneumatic pistons 28, 31 and 34 are deactivated, the dampening form roller 19 can be brought into a defined parking position 19 "in which it neither touches the forme cylinder 20 or 27 nor the distributor roller 18. As can be seen from FIG. an arcuate slot 39 is integrated into the side walls 38 of the inking unit, within which the dampening form roller 19 is guided.

Fig. 4 shows the storage of the dampening roller 19, which is symmetrical on both sides. Fig. 5 to 8 show various details of this storage.

Bearing housings 40 are connected to each other via clamping pieces 41 and a tube 42. An axis 43 of the dampening roller 19 is mounted in the bearing housings 40 and each clamped with a clamp 44 such that the dampening form roller 19 can be installed and removed without special tools. Bearings are protected within housings 45 and are sealed to the outside via gap seals 46 without friction. The gap seals The gap seals 46 consist of inner and outer plate segments 47 and 48. The lateral guidance of the dampening roller 19 is taken over by screwed into the bearing housing 40 spacers 49, which are supported on holding elements 50.

In the sectional view of FIG. 6 along the section line III-III of FIG. 4, the guide of the pneumatic piston 34 is shown within the bearing housing 40. The pneumatic piston 34 moves outside within a cylindrical bore 51 and is mounted on a rod 52 which is fixed in the bearing housing 40. The rod 52 secures the bearing housing 40 against rotation about an axis thereof and is inserted through a bore of the support member 36.

Pneumatic air is provided centrally to a port 53 and fed via throttles and channels to the individual pneumatic piston. The amount of air supplied to the pneumatic piston 34 is adjusted to a throttle 54 and fed via a channel 55 of the cylindrical bore 51. According to the so-called air cushion principle, the pneumatic air constantly flows through a gap seal 56 on the piston 34. Once set, this provides a consistent force on the pneumatic piston 34 over the entire stroke thereof. A securing ring 57 secures the pneumatic piston 34 against sliding out. Due to the flowing pneumatic air to the gap seal 56 and to a lesser extent between the rod 52 and the pneumatic piston 34, it slides almost frictionless. As a result, the force acting on the pneumatic piston 34 on the throttle 54 can be set very precisely, and it remains approximately constant over the entire travel distance of the pneumatic piston 34. As a result, the line forces at the dampening roller 19 are precisely adjusted, and they remain at all movements of the rollers of the dampening unit approximately constant, since they are directed in the direction of these lines of contact. This air cushion principle applies to all moving rollers of the printing unit and thus to all adjustable rollers of the inking unit and dampening unit. Thus, all rollers can be adjusted with constant contact forces.

According to Fig. 4, the pneumatic piston 28, 31 and 34 always act in pairs on each bearing side of the dampening roller 19. The pair of pneumatic piston 34 presses the dampening roller 19 in the direction of the direction arrow 35 on the forme cylinder 20 and 27, respectively. The pair of pneumatic pistons 28 (see Fig. 7) is adjusted via throttles 58 (see Figs. 4 and 5). The pneumatic piston 28 compensate for the weight of the dampening form roller 19. The pneumatic air is supplied via channels 59. Pneumatic air is supplied via channels 60 to the pair of pneumatic pistons 31, it being possible to adjust the corresponding quantity at a throttle 61 (see FIGS. 5 and 8). The pneumatic pistons 31 press the dampening form roller 19 with a defined line force in the direction of the directional arrow 32 onto the distributor roller 18 (see FIG. 2).

Fig. 9 to 15 show the storage of a movable or adjustable inking roller on the example of the inking unit roller 13. The bearing is designed for three directions of force, a weight compensation and a parking movement. The structure of the storage is similar to the structure of the storage for the dampening roller 19. Bearing housing 62 are connected via clamping pieces 63 and a pipe 64 to each other. The inking roller 13 is located with an axis 25 half-shell on both sides in the bearing housings 62 (see Fig. 15) and is secured by brackets 66. In the area of the side walls 38 of the inking unit, the bearing housings 62 are guided freely movable by elongated holes 67, the elongated holes 67 being sealed by gap seals 68. The side of the storage of the inking roller 13 is guided via pins 69 to holding elements 70. About pneumatic piston 71, which in turn are present in pairs, the weight of the ink fountain roller 13 is compensated. The supply of pneumatic air is adjusted by throttles 72 and fed through holes 73 a cylindrical space 74. The pneumatic pistons 71 are mounted on pin plates 75, which are fastened with countersunk screws 76 in the bearing housing 62. A locking ring 77 prevents the sliding out of the pneumatic piston 71st

Pneumatic piston 78, which in turn are present in pairs, press the inking roller 19 in the direction of the directional arrow 79 on the inking roller 14, while pneumatic piston 80, which are also present in pairs, the inking roller 13 in the direction of the arrow 81 against the inking roller 11. In the direction of the directional arrow 82, the inking unit roller 13 is pressed against the inking unit roller 12 via pneumatic pistons 83, which are also present in pairs. The structure of the paired pneumatic piston 78, 80 and 83 corresponds to the structure of the pneumatic piston 71, so that reference is made here to avoid unnecessary repetition on the relevant embodiments.

The air supply to the pneumatic piston via central ports 84. The air supply can be adjusted separately via the throttles 72 for each pair of pneumatic pistons and is supplied to them via channels. Pneumatic piston 85 serve to park the inking unit roller 13 in the position shown in Fig. 1 by the reference numeral 13 '. Here, pneumatic air is supplied separately via a port 86. For the parking movement, the air supply is regulated and switched centrally at the inking unit. The pneumatic piston 78 take over pin plates 87 securing the storage of the ink fountain roller 13 against rotation by these are inserted through a hole of a holder 88.

In Fig. 16 is shown schematically how the pneumatic piston support the bearing of the inking roller 13 on holding elements, which in turn are attached to the side walls 38 of the inking unit. For the inking roller 13 is the holding elements 88, 89 and 90 shown.

With reference to FIGS. 1 to 15, the storage of the adjustable rolls using the example of the inking unit roller 13 and the dampening form roller 19 has been described above by way of example. The bearings of the other movable or adjustable rollers of the inking unit are constructed similarly, so that reference is made to the above statements.

The pneumatic air for the contact pressure of the rollers with each other and for the balance of the weight was summarized centrally in the above embodiments of the inking, regulated and switched. If contact forces are to be changeable centrally, then the pneumatic air must be able to be fed in separately in order to compensate for the weight force, since it is set only once and then no longer changed.

The bearings of the rollers described above enable a reliable, almost wear-free operation of the printing unit, namely the inking unit and the dampening unit of the printing unit. A swelling or shrinking of the roller coverings does not cause a change of forces between the rollers, but the rollers compensate these diameter changes automatically, whereby a destruction of the roller coverings and thus a failure of the printing unit, namely the inking unit and the dampening unit, is avoided. The maintenance and adjustment effort is significantly reduced because the rollers can be easily removed and set themselves.

Various settings of the printing unit according to the invention are shown below with reference to FIGS. 16 to 20, which range from the operating state of the so-called pre-inking on the printing operation to stopping the rollers of inking and dampening. In the setting of the printing unit of Fig. 16, the state of pre-inking the inking rollers and pre-wetting the dampening rollers is shown. Neither the inking rollers 10, 11, 14 and 15 nor the dampening roller 19 touches the printing cylinder 20 and 27. About the air supply of the pneumatic air on the one hand all inking rollers and on the other hand all dampening rollers placed together, so that their line forces can be adjusted uniformly to a preset value , The weight forces of the rollers are compensated. The bearing housing of the dampening roller 19 abuts on the holding element 30, the corresponding bearing housing of the inking rollers 10, 11, 14 and 15 are applied to the support members 91, 92, 93 and 94 at.

17 shows the operating state of the pre-moistening of the printing cylinder 20 or the or each printing form positioned on the printing cylinder 20. Dampening and inking are here compared to the forme cylinder 20 and 27 brought into a position in which only the dampening roller 19 rolls on the printing cylinder 20 and 27 respectively. The inking rollers 10, 11, 14 and 15 of the inking unit, however, are turned off by the forme cylinder 20 and 27, respectively. The dampening roller 19 deviates with its bearing housing 40 of the system on the support member 30 back. The contact with the distributor roller 18 is maintained with the set force. The force with which the dampening form roller 19 contacts the forme cylinder 20 or 27 corresponds to the set line force. The inking rollers 10, 11, 14 and 15 are with their bearing housings continue to their holding elements 91, 92, 93 and 94 and do not touch the forme cylinder 20 and 27 respectively.

Fig. 18 shows the state of the printing unit when printing or pre-inking a small print format, in which case both the dampening roller 19 and the inking rollers 10, 11, 14 and 15 abut the small-sized printing cylinder 20. Accordingly, in this state, on the one hand, printing ink and, on the other hand, dampening solution are applied to the or each printing plate positioned on the forme cylinder 20. All rollers of inking and dampening remain in contact with the set line forces, the inking rollers 10, 11, 14 and 15 roll on the forme cylinder 20 and deviate from the support members 91, 92, 93 and 94.

Fig. 19 shows the same operating condition of the printing unit as Fig. 18, but showing a large-sized impression cylinder 27. The dampening roller 19 and the inking rollers 10 and 15 must here recede from the position shown in Fig. 18. However, the dampening roller 19 and the inking rollers 10 and 15 always remain with the set line force in contact with the adjacent rolls of dampening unit or inking unit.

Fig. 20 shows the printing unit in a parked position in which the rollers of inking and dampening do not touch each other. The rollers 7, 11, 12 and 15 of the inking unit automatically move under the influence of gravity into the parking position 7 ', 11', 12 'and 15 "shown in Fig. 20, after the pneumatic air has been switched off 95, the roller 6 is pushed by pneumatic piston 96, the roller 13 of pneumatic piston 85 and the roller 14 of pneumatic piston 97 in the position shown, wherein the pneumatic piston 95, 96 and 97 are in turn provided in pairs The dampening form roller 19 is moved to the position shown by the reference numeral 19 "with the aid of the pneumatic cylinders 37, the cylinders 98 and 37 in turn being present in pairs, as shown by the reference numerals 10" and 19 " Positions of the inking roller 10 and the dampening roller 19 are storage positions in the side walls 38 of the printing unit, in the case of the inking rollers 5 and 6 are provided due to the direction of movement of the same shelves by special storage cylinder 99 and 100, which allow in the extended state, the deposition of the respective rollers, so that no pneumatic air is required for this position.

21 to 24 each show a section of a printing unit 102 comprising two printing units, wherein the two printing units are used for printing a top side and a bottom side of a web-shaped printing material. From the printing unit, which is used for printing the underside of the printing material, a inking unit 101 of inking and dampening, the forme cylinder 27 and a blanket cylinder 103 is shown. Of the printing unit, which is used for printing the top of the web-shaped printing material 104, only a blanket cylinder 105 is shown.

In FIGS. 21 to 24, the cylinder 105 may also be a so-called impression cylinder, the printing unit 102 then comprising only one printing unit.

In Fig. 21, the inking unit 101 is in a position as shown in Fig. 16. The inking unit rollers of the inking unit are pre-dyed, the dampening unit rollers of the dampening unit are pre-moistened. None of the rollers of inking unit and dampening unit touches the forme cylinder 27, which in turn is offset from the blanket cylinder 103. In the position 101 'of the inking unit 101 shown in FIG. 22, the dampening form roller of the dampening unit abuts against the forme cylinder 27 and thus effects pre-moistening of the or each printing form positioned on the forme cylinder 27. Fig. 22 therefore corresponds to Fig. 17. In Fig. 22, the inking rollers of the inking unit from the forme cylinder 27 are turned off. Likewise, the forme cylinder 27 is turned off by the blanket cylinder 103. In the position 101 "of the inking unit shown in Fig. 23, the dampening form roller of the dampening unit and the inking rollers of the inking unit are set against the forme cylinder 27. In this case, ink and dampening solution are applied to the or each printing form positioned on the forme cylinder 27. The forme cylinder 27 is In Fig. 24, the inking unit 101 employed on the forme cylinder 27 is displaced together with the forme cylinder 27 to a printing position in which the printing cylinder 27 assumes the position 27 'and unrolls on the blanket cylinder 103. Fig. 24 shows Accordingly, the printing unit in a printing position for printing the web-shaped printing material 104. When printing the printing material 104, the blanket cylinders 103 and 105 rotate at the same peripheral speed.

Fig. 25 shows a cross section through the distributor roller 8 of the inking unit of Fig. 1, said distributor roller is designed to be movable in its position but immovable in its axial position. The stationary and axially movable mounting of the distributor roller 8 via bearings 110 within the side walls 38 of the inking unit according to the invention. The bearings 110 are positioned in bushes 111 whose centering diameter is greater than the diameter of the distributor roller, so that lateral removal of the distributor roller type in the direction of the directional arrows 112 and 113 is easily possible.

As already described with reference to FIG. 1, the distributor roller 8 is driven by the motor 22 via spur gears. On an axis 114 of the distributor roller 8 sits a spur gear 115, which has a width to accommodate the lifting movement of the distributor roller in the direction of the directional arrows 112 and 113, and thus the so-called traversing movement of the distributor roller 8.

Via a rotary feedthrough 116, a temperature control medium, in particular tempered water, guided through holes in the axis 114 in an inner cavity 117 of the distributor roller 8 and discharged through corresponding holes again via a rotary feedthrough 118 from the distributor roller 8. Gap seals 119, which allow the axial movement of the distributor roller 8, thereby protect the bearings 110 from contamination. The axial movement of the distributor roller 8 is controlled via a roller chain 120 with a deflection via a sprocket 121, which is supported via a holding element 122 on the side wall 38 of the inking unit. The roller chain 120 in this case operates against a spring force 123 provided by a spring force, wherein the spring element 123 is formed as a compression spring. The compression spring is supported at one end on the distributor roller 8 and at another end on a thrust bearing 124. The roller chain 120 is fixed with a pin 125 in a disc 126, which in turn is screwed to the rotary feedthrough 116. From the rotary feedthrough 116, the force is transmitted via an angular contact ball bearing 127 on the axis 114 of the distributor roller 8. This type of application of force of the traversing movement in the distributor roller 8 ensures a single direction of force in the direction of the directional arrow 128 and thus in a simple manner the compensation of any translation game, with a backlash can not occur. Of course, instead of the roller chain 120, it is also possible to use a cable or a linkage with a reversing lever.

FIG. 26 shows the further embodiment of the traversing drive of the distributor roller 8. According to FIG. 26, the traversing movement is effected centrally via a crankshaft 129 for all distributor rollers of the inking unit. The roller chains 120 are fastened with pins 130 to bearing housings 131. By an unrepresented cheek offset of the cranks in their angular position to each other, it is possible the strokes to offset the distributor rollers to each other, in such a way that reversal points of the strokes are offset in time or the stroke directions are opposite directions. These settings are possible once during assembly. The crankshaft 129 is driven via spur gears 132 and 133 by a drive 134 and is mounted with bearings 135, 136 and 137 on the side wall 38 of the inking unit.

Fig. 27 shows a further embodiment for the central traversing drive of the distributor rollers, the drive 134 is coupled via spur gears 133 and 138 with a shaft 139 which is connected via bearings 140 and 141 with the side wall 38 of the inking unit. Via spur gears 142, spur gears 143 are driven, which are rotatably mounted via bearings 144 on holding elements 145, which are likewise connected to the side wall 38 of the inking unit. On the spur gears 143 adjustable crank mechanisms 146 are fixed, the configuration of which will be described with reference to FIG. 28.

As shown in FIG. 28, the roller chain 120 is fixed to a housing 148 via a pin 147, and the housing 148 is rotatably supported on a pin 149 of a slider 150. The sliding block 150 is displaceable within a guide 151, which is screwed to the spur gear 143. About an adjusting screw 152 is an eccentric position of the pin 147 to a rotational axis 153 of the spur gear 143 changeable. As a result, the stroke of the distributor roller can be adjusted continuously from a maximum value to a minimum value manually. The set screw 152 can be set via a clamping piece 154. The stroke position of the distributor roller can be changed by the fact that the spur gears 142 are displaced into the position indicated by the reference numeral 142 'and thus disengaged from the spur gear 143. The spur gear 143 is then rotated and then the spur gear 142 is engaged.

Fig. 29 shows an embodiment of the central drive for the distributor rollers, which is realized via planetary gear 155. The central drive 134 drives via spur gears 133, 156 into the bearings 160 mounted in bearings 157, 158 and 159, on which spur gears 161 are fixed, which drive into the planetary gear 155. The function of the planetary gear 155 will be described below with reference to FIG.

The roller chain 120 is fixed in the embodiment of FIG. 30 analogous to the embodiment of FIG. 28, which is why the same reference numerals are used for the same components. The roller chain 120 is fixed to the housing 148 by the pin 147, which is rotatably supported on the pin 149 of the sliding block 150. Via a threaded spindle 162 of the sliding block 150 is displaceable, so that the eccentric position of the pin 149 to the axis of rotation 163 changed. A bevel gear 164 is mounted on the spindle 162 and can be moved via a bevel gear 165, via the spur gear 166, via the planet gear 167 and the internal gear 168 by means of a worm drive 169. The spur gear 173, on which a guide 174 is screwed, can be rotated via the internal toothed wheel 171 and the planetary gear 172 via a second cam drive 170. As a result, the angular position of the eccentrically mounted pin 149 can be changed. To change this angular position, the worm drives 169 and 170 must be rotated together in the same direction, otherwise there is a relative movement between the wheels 166 and 173, whereby a possibly unwanted rotation of the spindle 172 may be caused. For rotation of the threaded spindle 162 alone, in turn, only one rotation of the worm drive 169 is sufficient. The drive for the rotation of the eccentrically mounted pin 149 about the axis of rotation 163 and thus for the lifting movement of the distributor roller is transmitted via the spur gear 161 to a spur gear 175 by pins 176, the planetary gear set is mounted with the planet gears 167 and 172, which drive the wheels 166 and 173 in the same direction and without relative movement to each other. During the run of the drive for the distributor rollers can thus be adjusted continuously by movement of the worm drive 169, the stroke of the distributor roller, while 169 and 170, the phase position of the distributor roller can be changed continuously by common, in the same direction twisting both worm drives. This is a regulation of the phase position of the distributor roller and the hub of the same during the course of the inking or printing unit possible.

FIG. 31 shows, in a plan view in the direction XI of FIG. 29, the connection of the distributor rollers 4 and 18 to the planetary gears 155 with the aid of the roller chains 120 via a deflection around the chain wheels 121 mounted in the holding elements 122 Geared motors shown 177 and 178, by means of which the worm drives 169 and 170 are rotated. The entire drive is housed protected within the housing 45, wherein the planetary gear are secured to the axes 163 via holding elements 179 on the side wall 38 of the inking unit.

32 and the section along the cutting direction XII-XII of FIG. 32 shown in FIG. 33 show another possibility for forming the traversing drives, in which the traversing drives for the distributor rollers 4, 8, 9, 16 and 18 individually via geared motors 180th are realized. On an axis 181 of the geared motors 180 are mounted guides 182 which rotate about the axes 181. As already described in the other embodiments, sliding blocks 183 with pins 184 are movable by means of threaded spindles 185 in the direction of the directional arrows 186 and 187. About a snap lock 188 the threaded spindles are secured against automatic rotation. The eccentric position of the pin 184 to the axis 181 can be varied by turning the threaded spindle 185 at a standstill of the geared motor 180 continuously from a maximum value to a minimum value. A geared motor 189 centrally guides a setting movement via a chain 190 to sprockets 191, 192, 193, 194 and 195. These sprockets 191 to 195 are mounted in attached to the side walls 38 of the inking support members 196. Against the force provided by a spring element 197, a bolt 199 is displaced in the direction of the directional arrow 186 with the aid of compressed air, which is supplied via a connection 198, and brought into engagement with the threaded spindle 185 via a hexagon 200. The position of the pin 199 is determined by means of sensors 201 or 202, and the correct position of the guides 182 for initiating the adjusting movement is monitored by a sensor 203. The adjusting movement can be initiated via the chain 190. An axis 204 of the distributor roller 4 is connected via a bearing 205 with a housing 206 and a Disc 207 connected in which a pin 208 receives the storage of a rod 209, which is mounted with its other end on the pin 184 and thus transmits the traversing movement in the direction of the directional arrows 186 and 187.

FIG. 33 further shows that a holding element 210 is fastened to the housing 206. If an adjusting movement is made on the threaded spindle 185 in the manner described above, then a rack 211 is pressed against the holder 210 by a pneumatic cylinder 212. This rack 211 is connected via a pinion 213 with a potentiometer 214. As a result, in the position shown in FIG. 33, a measure of the eccentric position of the pin 184 relative to the axis 181 of the drive 180 is determined. The rest of the structure of the distributor roller 4 corresponds to the construction of the distributor roller 8 shown in FIG. 25. Of course, a compression spring 123 for the construction according to FIG. 33 can also be used here to avoid a force direction reversal.

In confined spaces, the measurement setup for determining the control value on the threaded spindle 185 can also be laid on the drive side of the distributor roller. Such a structure is shown in FIG. 25. A holding element 215 is fastened here on the rotary feedthrough 118. A pneumatic cylinder 216 moves a rack 217 during the measuring process against this holding element 215. Via a pinion 218, the size of the movement is received by a potentiometer 219.

Fig. 34 and 35 show a drive for the stroke of the distributor rollers, which is realized by means of a linear motor 230. The design of the storage on the drive side of the distributor roller corresponds to the storage according to FIG. 25, for which reason the same reference numbers are used for the same components. A rotor 231 of the linear motor 230 is fastened with a holding element 232 on the side wall 38 of the inking unit. On a stator 233 of the linear motor 230, an axis 236 of the distributor roller 4 is supported by means of a bearing plate 234 and a bearing 235.

The bearing 235 is preloaded without play. A rotary feedthrough 237 directs a temperature control medium into the interior 217 of the distributor roller 4.

This arrangement with a linear motor 230 for controlling the stroke of the distributor rollers allows a highly dynamic adjustment of the printing unit or inking unit to the requirements of the pressure.

FIG. 36 schematically shows a control structure on a printing machine for the purpose of inking system regulation. A substrate to be printed 238 is subtracted from a roll changer 239 and printed on both sides in printing units 240, 241, 242 and 243, each comprising two printing units. In a dryer 244 and a cooling unit 245, the printed substrate is dried, the substrate then being moved through an observation station 246 and fed to a further processing station 247. In the observation station 246, the printed substrate web is scanned on both sides with the aid of cameras 248. The measured values are forwarded to a computer 249, which compares actual values and setpoints with one another. Control values 250 are then used to correct corresponding control values to the inking units 251 and 252 of the printing units.

In a format change, the rollers of the printing units according to the invention automatically adapt to the format change, with line forces remain unchanged. If the line forces are to be changed, then they can, as described above, be preset via a central throttle. The size of the friction strokes of the friction rollers, the phase position of the friction strokes and the speed of the friction rollers can also be adapted to the format size. All values can be changed during the run of the printing press or printing units in order to guarantee an optimal print result.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

paintbox

2

ink fountain roller

3

vibrator roller

4

distributor roller

5, 5 '

Inking roller

6, 6 '

Inking roller

7, 7 '

Inking roller

8th

distributor roller

9

distributor roller

10, 10 ', 10 "

Inking roller

11

Inking roller

12, 12 '

Inking roller

13, 13 '

Inking roller

14, 14 '

Inking roller

15, 15 ', 15 "

Inking roller

16

distributor roller

17

Feuchtduktorwalze

18

Dampening distribution roller

19; 19 ', 19 "

Dampener roller

20

Form cylinder in small format

21

drive

22

spur gear

23

spur gear

24

spur gear

25

spur gear

26

spur gear

27

Form cylinder in large format

28, 28 ', 28 "

pneumatic piston

29

arrow

30

retaining element

31; 31 ', 31 "

pneumatic piston

32

arrow

33

retaining element

34

pneumatic piston

35

arrow

36

retaining element

37

pneumatic cylinder

38

Side wall of the inking unit

39

longitudinal hole

40

bearing housing

41

clamp

42

pipe

43

axis

44

clip

45

casing

46

gap seals

47

sheet metal segment

48

sheet metal segment

49

spacer

50

retaining element

51

drilling

52

pole

53

connection

54

throttle

55

channel

56

gap seals

57

circlip

58

throttle

59

channel

60

channel

61

throttle

62

bearing housing

63

clamp

64

pipe

65

axis

66

clip

67

Long hole

68

gap seals

69

pen

70

retaining element

71

pneumatic piston

72

throttle

73

drilling

74

room

75

Stiftplatte

76

Senkschraube

77

circlip

78

pneumatic piston

79

arrow

80

pneumatic piston

81

arrow

82

arrow

83

pneumatic piston

84

connection

85

piston

86

connection

87

Stiftplatte

88

retaining element

89

retaining element

90

retaining element

91

retaining element

92

retaining element

93

retaining element

94

retaining element

95

pneumatic piston

96

pneumatic piston

97

pneumatic piston

98

pneumatic cylinder

99

storage cylinder

100

storage cylinder

101, 101 ', 101 ", 101' ''

inking

102

printing unit

103

rubber cylinder

104

substrate

105

rubber cylinder

110

camp

111

bearing bush

112

arrow

113

arrow

114

axis

115

spur gear

116

Rotary union

117

cavity

118

Rotary union

119

gap seals

120

roller chain

121

Sprocket

122

retaining element

123

spring element

124

thrust

125

pen

126

disc

127

Angular contact ball bearings

128

arrow

129

crankshaft

130

pen

131

bearing housing

132

spur gear

133

spur gear

134

drive

135

camp

136

camp

137

camp

138

spur gear

139

wave

140

camp

141

camp

142

spur gear

143

spur gear

144

camp

145

retaining element

146

crankshaft

147

pen

148

casing

149

pen

150

slide

151

guide

152

screw

153

axis of rotation

154

clamp

155

planetary gear

156

spur gear

157

camp

158

camp

159

camp

160

wave

161

spur gear

162

spindle

163

axis of rotation

164

bevel gear

165

bevel gear

166

spur gear

167

planet

168

wheel

169

worm drive

170

worm drive

171

wheel

172

planet

173

spur gear

174

guide

175

spur gear

176

pen

177

gearmotor

178

gearmotor

179

retaining element

180

gearmotor

181

axis

182

guide

183

slide

184

pen

185

screw

186

arrow

187

arrow

188

catch lock

189

gearmotor

190

Chain

191

Sprocket

192

Sprocket

193

Sprocket

194

Sprocket

195

Sprocket

196

retaining element

197

spring element

198

connection

199

bolt

200

hexagon

201

sensor

202

sensor

203

sensor

204

axis

205

camp

206

casing

207

disc

208

pen

209

pole

210

retaining element

211

rack

212

pneumatic cylinder

213

pinion

214

potentiometer

215

retaining element

216

pneumatic cylinder

217

rack

218

pinion

219

potentiometer

230

linear motor

231

runner

232

retaining element

233

stator

234

bearing plate

235

camp

236

axis

237

Rotary union

238

substrate

239

reelstands

240

printing unit

241

printing unit

242

printing unit

243

printing unit

244

dryer

245

cooling tower

246

Web inspection station

247

Further processing station

248

camera

249

computer

250

control line

251

inking

252

inking

Claims (12)

Printing unit of a printing machine, in particular a web-fed rotary printing press, with a forme cylinder (20; 27), wherein at least one printing forme can be positioned on the forme cylinder (20; 27), applying a printing ink to the or each printing form positioned on the forme cylinder (20; 27) Inking unit, and optionally with a dampening solution on the or each on the forme cylinder (20; 27) positioned printing form applying dampening unit, wherein the inking unit, inter alia, as inking rollers (10, 11, 14, 15) and distributor rollers (4, 8, 9) formed Includes inking rollers, and optionally where the dampening unit as dampening roller (19) and distributor roller (18) formed dampening rollers, characterized in that when performing a format change, namely when adjusting the inking unit and optionally the dampening unit to a changing diameter of the forme cylinder (20; 27), at least some of the inking rollers and optionally some of the dampening rollers while maintaining the contacts and while maintaining approximately constant line forces between successive rolling inking rollers and possibly successive rolling dampening rollers are automatically adjustable. Printing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the implementation of the format change first inking unit rollers (5, 6, 7, 12, 13, 10, 11, 14, 15) are adjustable in their relative position, whereas a traverse motion exporting second inking unit rolls, namely, the distributor rollers (4, 8, 9, 16) are stationary in their relative position. Printing unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for the execution of the format change, a first dampening roller (19) is adjustable in its relative position, whereas a traversing motion exporting second inking roller, namely the distributor roller (18), is stationary. Printing unit according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the adjustable in its relative position dampening roller, namely the dampening roller (19), a plurality of pneumatic pistons are assigned, namely first pneumatic piston (28) for intercepting the weight of the dampening form roller (19), second pneumatic piston (31) for providing a defined line force between the dampening form roller (19) and the distributor roller (18), and third pneumatic piston (34) for providing a defined line force between the dampening form roller (19) and the forme cylinder (20; 27). Printing unit according to Claim 4, characterized in that the dampening form roller (19) can be moved into a set-down position via pneumatic cylinders (37) when the pneumatic piston (28; 31; 34) is deactivated. Printing unit according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that an amount of the pneumatic piston supplied pneumatic air is adjustable so that the same generates a constant force on the respective pneumatic piston over the entire stroke and the respective pneumatic piston is air cushion-like and thus stored virtually frictionless. Printing unit according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adjustable in their relative position inking rollers are associated with a plurality of pneumatic pistons, namely pneumatic piston (71) for intercepting the weight of the respective inking roller and pneumatic piston (78, 80, 83) to provide a defined line force between the respective inking roller and on the same rolling inking rollers or a rolling on the same form cylinder (20, 27). Printing unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the respective inking roller with deactivated pneumatic piston (71, 78, 80, 83) via pneumatic piston (85) is movable in a parking position. Printing unit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that an amount of the pneumatic piston supplied pneumatic air is adjustable so that the same generates a constant force on the respective pneumatic piston over the entire stroke and the respective pneumatic piston is air cushion-like and thus stored virtually frictionless. Printing unit according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the fixed in their relative position, a reciprocating movement exporting distributor rollers (4, 8, 9, 16, 18) of inking and dampening units via a central drive (134) are drivable which drives over a shaft (129, 139, 160) and roller chains (120) in the distributor rollers. Printing unit according to one or more of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the distributor rollers (4, 8, 9, 16, 18) of inking unit and dampening unit, which are stationary in their relative position and perform a traversing motion, can each be driven by a single drive (180, 230) are. Printing unit according to one or more of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a stroke of the distributor rollers (4, 8, 9, 16, 18) which are stationary in their relative position and execute a traversing movement can be changed.

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