EP1752595A1

EP1752595A1 - Partition with ceramic support and finished surfaces with 100% planarity and manner of installation

Info

Publication number: EP1752595A1
Application number: EP05380185A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Fernando Ceramica Acustica S. L. Riesco Prieto; Francisco Ceramica Acustica S. L. Garcia Martin
Original assignee: Ceramica Acustica S L
Current assignee: Ceramica Acustica S L
Priority date: 2005-08-12
Filing date: 2005-08-12
Publication date: 2007-02-14

Abstract

The invention relates to a partition with ceramic support and finished surfaces with 100% planarity and manner of installation, the support being made up of large ceramic plates of specific sizes and materials, having longitudinal tonguing and grooving means in their respective bases, formed by a rib and a groove which is adaptable to the former and the mating of which defines maximum planarity surfaces (100%), fixed to one another and covered by laminated plasterboards which are likewise fixed to the surfaces of the ceramic plates in the corresponding and specific installation process.

Description

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

According to the title of the invention it relates to a new type of partition with the features mentioned, having a series of materials of very specific features and carried out by means of a specific installation process in order to obtain completely novel advantages with respect to known traditional partitions which, as known, are assembled on rough slabs in cladding tile or brick courses incorporating cement mortar for joining them and finished with a wet plaster coating known as "planar".
Obviously, the traditional partition is resistant to all types of mechanical stresses and to some more than others; it has insulating capacity, resistance and conditions to bear several working and adaptation operations, but it has the drawback that both surfaces are so irregular that in order to improve finishing thereof it is absolutely necessary to use wet plaster in an also irregular manner regarding thickness thereof and, this being a manual process, the surfaces thereof are very irregular although, depending on the case, they may not appear so to the naked eye.
However, the object of the invention has the advantages of carrying out the proposed partition faster, in over three times less time on a single surface, with savings in materials. Other advantages provided by the invention include reducing until almost completely eliminating the moisture during building work and the corresponding drying time; reducing the volume and weight of rubble, with savings in subsequent work, such as performing wall chases for installations or preparing the surface for painting; greater perfection and resistance of the partition, without fissures, without deformations such as buckling, pockets or others; and greater acoustic insulation.
In short, the object of the invention of this patent is a type of dividing partition for construction providing numerous advantages regarding partition building processes and regarding the quality thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the prior state of the art partitions can be found in a practical manner that are built in the traditional manner and which have already been described in the previous account. It is a construction process which, as is known, involves preparing the slab, the cable-running and plumb-lining, forming cladding tile or brick courses joined with wet mortar paste, with the known difficulty of achieving planarity, the accumulation of moisture from the mortar, the moisture from the plaster finishing or the like and the great accumulation of rubble.
Partitions made from prefabricated sheets of concrete are also known which are equally joined with mortar, the planarity of which is somewhat better than in the previous case, but requiring a deployment of work and machinery in order to perform it; they are also much heavier and have poor conditions for perforation, wall chase formation or others, which requires preconfiguring the inside such as to have such an option when installing services.
Other known alternatives are partitions built from hollow plasterboard sheets. More than partitions these are walls for separating spaces; they weigh little but have very poor acoustic properties. Despite having a good finishing they have a serious drawback due to their constant absorption of ambient moisture, they do not have properties for integrating any type of installations and they have so little resistance that the market has virtually stopped using them.
There are also mixed partitions which are formed by means of plasterboards assembled on a wooden or metal framework which are generally prepared for their use in light constructions, office divisions, single-family houses, of the type of the such as a typical wooden cabin, bungalows, prefabricated sheds and the like. These partitions also have a good finishing, but inside, due to their not having a cooked clay support, they are weak given that once the plasterboard is broken their hollow interior can be seen, normally empty and sometimes with simple rock wool or the like.
In other building systems, documents have been found such as ES U 200400884 for "DISPOSITIVO DE POSICIONADO DE ELEMENTOS DE CONSTRUCCIÓN" (POSITIONING DEVICE FOR CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS) by Imerys TC España, S.A. involving a profile on which the bricks are aligned, forming a side edge marking the mortar thickness for parging the wall formed by the bricks. Patent FR 2835009 for "ELEMENT DE MAÇONNERIE POUR JOINT MINCE" (MASONRY ELEMENT FOR SLIM JOINT) by Imerys Structure discloses a large brick which on its upper and lower bases has coinciding longitudinal tabs as projections which determine longitudinal grooves between each pair of tabs. Patent FR 2828508 for "ELEMENT DE CONSTRUCTION" (CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT) by Imerys Structure, discloses a large brick comprising at least one grooved area produced in the brick section in at least one breakable area allowing, by breaking the latter, a striped element having a longitudinal reserve, or an angled element having a lateral hollow.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The partition of the invention is built by means of a large ceramic plate, with means of mutual assembly between them and coping, provided with a large surface having a high planar definition and preferably of the type registered as Community Trademark designs number 158712 "HOLLOW BRICK" granted on 06/04/2004 and number 325097 applied for on 14/04/2005 by the present applicant. The large plates, according to the invention average over 70 cm x 51 cm x thicknesses from 4 to 15 cm, provided with a planar definition coefficient on each of its sides of 100% and provided with suitable grooves for assuring mutual mating between them by means of their tongue and groove coupling and their perfect alignment in order to facilitate formation of surfaces of maximum planar definition suitable for the technique of achieving the partition of the invention and therefore the object of the patent. The large ceramic plates according to the invention have, for mutual tongue and groove assembly, ribs on their adjacent longitudinal edges and complementary grooves mated with the former on their adjacent longitudinal edges and manufactured with an inner rib pattern assuring their full resistance and defining channels for their perfect ventilation, including a larger channel for channelling normally electrical or plumbing installations.
A large plate according to the invention is manufactured from extremely fine clay with over 65% "montmorillonite", giving the final product high resistance, with less than 6% calcium carbonate, and which when baking at over 850°C makes it completely free of "caliche" and which further has only a maximum moisture absorption comprised between 9 and 11%.
According to the invention, the coupling for assuring the tongue and groove mating of the ceramic plates is performed by applying a thin coat of glue on the horizontal and vertical joints thereof such that its application does not produce protrusions altering the maximum planarity of the sides and such that the fast drying condition prevents moisture contributions. Preferably glue made up of a powder paste with a neat plaster base is used, assuring homogeneity of the materials forming the partition.
Another important feature of the invention is that the surfaces of the ceramic plates are covered on both sides by means of laminated plasterboards providing a complete finishing for the surface and which, as is known, are boards made up of a plaster centre covered on both sides by a sheet of cardboard, which are manufactured in different thicknesses and which in this case are fixed to the ceramic plate walls by means of the application of a layer of glue made up of powder paste with a neat plaster base.
The installation process according to the invention for construction of the partition consists in placing on the slab a strip of elastic material known as rubber or pore strips, which are expanded polystyrene strips placed between the ceramic plates and the slab and the door and window subframes, for seating the partition dampening impacts and absorbing straining in the structure.
Then, still according to the invention, a layer of glue of the type mentioned is applied in order to uniformly distribute the load on the flexible strip and then the tongue and groove placing of the ceramic plate courses is carried out. These are joined with glue and finally the laminated plasterboards are fixed to both sides of the ceramic plates applying the corresponding layer of glue by means of a serrated trowel.
As the laminated plasterboard has no elasticity, the invention is also based on the fact that the support, i.e. the ceramic plate, must absolutely have 100% planarity because air pockets hindering the correct use and finishing thereof would otherwise remain between both elements.
The partition of the invention serves generally for any use and may particularly be a partition with a single ceramic plate or with a double-chamber ceramic plate for interior home divisions; a double partition for home divisions and common areas; a triple-chamber partition for exterior cladding. It has a quality seal audited by an external company. The partition of the invention has an excellent mechanical resistance, is fire-resistant, and has less than 11% water absorption. It provides thermal insulation, acoustic insulation, adherence to the plate and others. A broader idea of the features of the invention shall be provided below.
IN THE DRAWINGS:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the large ceramic plate partition (1) and their laminated plasterboards (4 and 5) disassembled.
Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the large ceramic plate partition (1) and their laminated plasterboards (4 and 5) assembled.
Figure 3 shows a view equal to that of Figure 1 identifying the layers of glue (7).
Figure 4 shows a view equal to that of Figure 2 identifying the layers of glue (7) and the levelling porex strip (8).

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In a simplified manner, the preferred embodiment would be developed by that shown in the previous drawings, in which the piled arrangement of the large ceramic plates (1) can be observed, forming surfaces (A) and (B) of absolute planarity with the tongue and groove mating of their longitudinal means made up of a rib (2) and longitudinal grooves (3) which are tightly assembled together. It is a mating which is fixed and assured by applying a layer of glue (6) on the horizontal and vertical coupling areas which do not alter the planarity of said surfaces (A) and (B), on which are arranged respective cladding made up of laminated plasterboards (4) and (5) are arranged, fixed to the ceramic plates (1) by applying a thin layer of glue with a dry gypsum base (7) on the inner sides (40) and (50) of said plates (4) and (5).
In order to install or form the partition according to the previous description, an expanded polystyrene "porex" or rubber strip is arranged on the surface of the slab (9) allowing the correct seating and levelling of the ceramic plates (1), which are coupled and fixed in the aforementioned manner, and either while the wall is being erected or when it has been erected the cladding of laminated plasterboards is applied. This is a cladding which, due to the features of said plates, would be ready for painting or decorating in any manner desired.
Once the nature of the invention has been conveniently described, it is suitably stated that etc...

Claims

A partition with ceramic support and finished surfaces with 100% planarity and manner of installation, made up of preferably hollow ceramic parts which are assembled by piling and by tonguing and grooving and characterised in that said parts are large ceramic plates (1) of specific sizes and materials, having longitudinal means of tonguing and grooving means on their respective bases, formed by a rib (2) and a groove (3) adaptable to the former and the mating of which defines surfaces (A) and (B), of maximum planarity (100%), which are fixed to one another and covered with laminated plasterboards (4) and (5) respectively, which are also fixed to surfaces (A) and (B) of the ceramic plates (1) in the corresponding installation process.
A partition with ceramic support and finished surfaces with 100% planarity and manner of installation according to claim 1, the large ceramic plates are characterised in that with single, double or triple chambers between 4 to 15 cm they must have measurements exceeding 70 cm long x 51 cm wide.
A partition with ceramic support and finished surfaces with 100% planarity and manner of installation according to claim 1, the large ceramic plates of specific material are characterised in that they are built using, as raw material, a clay which contains over 65% montmorillonite, which does not exceed 6% calcium carbonate and is "caliche"-free.
A partition with ceramic support and finished surfaces with 100% planarity and manner of installation according to the installation process of claim 1, the joining of the plates is characterised in that it is performed by applying a thin layer of glue (6) on the edges in contact with these they maintain the 100% planarity of the partition surfaces (A) and (B).
A partition with ceramic support and finished surfaces with 100% planarity and manner of installation according to the installation process of claims 1 and 4, the coupling of the laminated plasterboards is characterised in that it is performed by applying a thin layer of glue (7) on the inner sides (40) and (50) of said plates (4) and (5) and of partition surfaces (A) and (B).
A partition with ceramic support and finished surfaces with 100% planarity and manner of installation according to the installation process of claims 1, 4 and 5, the arrangement or assembly of the partition is characterised in that it is performed by placing a strip of elastic material (8) on the slab (9) by applying a layer of glue (7) in order to uniformly distribute the load on the flexible strip.
A partition with ceramic support and finished surfaces with 100% planarity and manner of installation according to claims 4 to 5, the layer of glue (6) and (7) is characterised in that it is preferably made up of a powder paste with a neat plaster base.
A partition with ceramic support and finished surfaces with 100% planarity and manner of installation according to claim 6, the strip of elastic material (8) is characterised in that it is preferably a flexible expanded polystyrene "Porex" or rubber strip.