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EP1709904B1 - Force measuring device for measuring the force applied by a body to a foot - Google Patents

Force measuring device for measuring the force applied by a body to a foot Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1709904B1
EP1709904B1 EP06006145A EP06006145A EP1709904B1 EP 1709904 B1 EP1709904 B1 EP 1709904B1 EP 06006145 A EP06006145 A EP 06006145A EP 06006145 A EP06006145 A EP 06006145A EP 1709904 B1 EP1709904 B1 EP 1709904B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
force measuring
measuring apparatus
force
sole
bending body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06006145A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1709904A3 (en
EP1709904A2 (en
Inventor
Steffen Bender
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reich KG Regel und Sicherheitstechnik
Original Assignee
Reich KG Regel und Sicherheitstechnik
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Publication of EP1709904A2 publication Critical patent/EP1709904A2/en
Publication of EP1709904A3 publication Critical patent/EP1709904A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1709904B1 publication Critical patent/EP1709904B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • A43B3/34—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • A43B3/34—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements
    • A43B3/50—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements with sound or music sources

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a force measuring device for measuring a physical force acting on a foot with at least one under the foot attachable force measuring device, wherein the force measuring device of at least one arranged in a sole member bending body and at least one attached to the bending body strain gauges, wherein the or the strain gauge strip is or are connected to a measuring circuit arranged in the sole-like element and an evaluation unit connected to the measuring circuit for determining the absolute force.
  • a variety of force gauges for measuring foot force are known. Such force gauges are used in particular in persons who have suffered fractures in the context of convalescence.
  • the broken bones should first be loaded with small forces and then rising to the normally absorbed body forces.
  • the injured leg should first not be loaded with the full body weight but, for example, with 30 kg (about 300 N).
  • known force measuring devices on acoustic and / or optical signaling devices that emit a corresponding warning signal.
  • a portable foot-load warning device for leg- and hip-operated patients which has to be attached under the foot of the patient pressure sensor, connected to this function connected pressure-current / voltage converter, an electronic comparator, when exceeding a presettable current or Voltage limit generates an optical or acoustic signal, a controller for manually setting this limit and a power source for supplying the electrical elements.
  • the pressure sensor may be a clamped bending rod with strain gauge strip applied thereto.
  • the DE 37 32 891 A1 describes a shoe with a measuring device, wherein the measuring device indicates the force exerted on the shoe. In this case, the measuring device may have a strain gauge strip.
  • the measuring device is in turn equipped with a signal generator which emits an optical or acoustic signal when a predeterminable force value is exceeded.
  • a so-called foot-sole balance which consists of an insole or the like with integrated force-measuring device and a portable, battery-operated electronic part connected to the force measuring device with a setting system for setting a desired load range.
  • the force measuring device has a display system for the acoustic display of excesses of the set load range.
  • pressure sensors with strain gauges are used for the force measuring device, which are arranged on the one hand in the ball area and on the other hand in the heel area of the insole.
  • the US 6122846 A discloses a shoe-type device for measuring forces acting on the foot of a wearer.
  • the device signals the wearer as soon as forces acting on the foot exceed preset upper limits or are not within preselected limits.
  • a disadvantage of the known force measuring devices is that they reflect the actual effective total weight or the actually acting total force or load on the foot only inadequately. Due to different foot sizes and the resulting bearing surfaces on the measuring device results in different weight results different measurement results. Furthermore, the actual load conditions are falsified by, for example, a slight inclination of the foot within the force gauge.
  • the strain gauge or strips is connected to a arranged in the sole member measuring circuit, wherein the measuring circuit is connected to an evaluation unit for determining the absolute force.
  • the sole-like element has an at least two-part construction consisting of a sole body with at least one receiving opening for the bending body and a bottom arranged on the ground side entrance element, wherein the bending body is connected by means of first and second fastening device on the one hand with the appearance element and on the other hand with the sole body.
  • the appearance element is formed in two parts, wherein a heel side arranged first sub-element and a Bale side arranged second sub-element are each connected by means of the first fastening device with the bending body.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous in patients with a gypsum base, since in this case the foot can not be angled and the burden of the foot takes place here over a large area and must be measured accordingly.
  • the first and second fastening devices are each arranged on the respective strain gauges opposite ends of the bending body.
  • the measuring circuit and / or the evaluation unit is connected to an acoustic and / or optical signal transmitter.
  • a warning signal can advantageously be transmitted to the patient.
  • the evaluation unit it is possible for the evaluation unit to be connected to a display unit for displaying the actual weight load or for displaying the absolute force values.
  • the measuring circuit and / or the evaluation unit can also have an adjustment device for setting the desired load range.
  • the measuring circuit is arranged on a printed circuit board arranged in the sole-like element.
  • the measuring circuit, the adjusting device, the acoustic and / or optical signal transmitter and a power supply unit can be arranged on the printed circuit board.
  • the measuring circuit and / or the evaluation unit on a transmitter and / or receiver for the wireless transmission of measurement data or other data.
  • the measurement data supplied by the force measuring device can be fed to a data memory. This makes it possible on the one hand to display the measured data on a portable display. On the other hand, the storage of the measured data can be used to trace the course of therapy and therapeutic success as well as corresponding failures.
  • the bending body has a cavity in the area under or the strain gauges.
  • the cavity may be formed as a running through the bending body bore. The formation of the cavity ensures that even with small bends or deformations of the bending body, a corresponding change in resistance in the strain gauge strip takes place. In this way even small forces can be reliably measured.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a force gauge 10 according to a first embodiment.
  • the force measuring device 10 has the shape of a shoe 58 to be attached to the foot.
  • a force gauge 10 which is used in particular in patients with a plaster base.
  • the force measuring device 10 serves for the measurement of a physical force acting on a foot and has a force measuring device 12.
  • the force measuring device 12 consists of a sole-like element 14 with an opening 26 in which a bending body 16 is arranged. On the bending body 16 a total of four strain gauges 18 are arranged in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the strain gauges 18 can be glued to the bending body 16.
  • the bending body 16 consists of a bendable material, in particular of metal, a metal alloy, plastic or ceramic.
  • the bending body 16 is elongated in the illustrated embodiment. But it is also possible that the bending body 16 has a different shape.
  • the strain gauge strips 18 used may be, for example, so-called “wire strain gauges” or “foil strain gauges”. By the deformation of the bending body 16, an elongation of the strain gauge strip 18 takes place, which leads to a measurable relative change in resistance, which can be represented by a measuring circuit 20 arranged in the sole-like element 14.
  • the measuring circuit 20 is connected to an evaluation unit for determining the absolute force.
  • the sole-like element in the illustrated first embodiment a three-part structure consisting of a sole body 24 with the receiving opening 26 for the bending body 16 and a bottom side arranged entrance element 28, consisting of a heelsitig arranged first sub-element 34 and a bale side arranged second sub-element 36, has.
  • the two sub-elements 34, 36 are in each case connected by means of first fastening devices 30 with the bending body 16.
  • second fastening devices 32 By means of second fastening devices 32, the bending body 16 is connected to the sole body 24.
  • a bearing surface 48 for supporting the bending body 16 is formed in the receiving opening 26.
  • the fastening devices 32 are passed through corresponding openings (not shown) of the support surface 48 and secured in corresponding receiving openings 40 of the bending body 16.
  • the first attachment devices 30 are passed through openings 38 of the bending body 16 and secured in corresponding receptacles 42 of the entrance element 28 and the first and second sub-element 34, 36.
  • the receptacles 42 are surrounded by a frame-like element 56, which serves in each case for positioning the entrance element 28 and the first and second sub-element 34, 36 in the receiving opening 26 of the sole body 24. It can further be seen that the first and second fastening devices 30, 32 are each arranged on the respective strain gauges 18 opposite ends of the bending body 16.
  • the sole body 24 and the appearance element 28 usually consist of no or only very little deformable material, in particular plastic.
  • covering elements 52, 54 can be arranged on the appearance element 28 or on the respective subelements 34, 36. These cover elements 52, 54 are usually made of a rubber-like material and improve the grip of the force measuring device 10th
  • the bending body 16 in each case has a cavity 44 in the region under the strain gauges 18.
  • the cavity 44 is formed as a running through the bending body 16 bore or holes.
  • the measuring circuit 20 is arranged on a printed circuit board 22 arranged in a receiving opening 46 of the sole-like element 14.
  • the receiving opening 46 is located in the sole body 24.
  • On the circuit board 22 also an adjustment device 62 for setting a desired load range and a power supply unit 60 are arranged.
  • the power supply unit 60 also has a removable cover 66.
  • the seated on the force measuring device 12 shoe-like Element 58 has a bearing surface 64 for resting on the force-measuring device.
  • the pad 64 may be designed to be removable at least tellweise.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the force measuring device 10 according to FIG. 1 , It can be seen that the bending body 16 on the one hand with the appearance element 28 and its first and second sub-element 34, 36 and on the other hand with the sole body 24 via the first and second fastening devices 30, 32 is connected. Furthermore, the arrangement of the force-measuring device 12 as well as the printed circuit board 22 within the sole-like element 14 or the sole body 24 becomes clear.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of a force gauge 10 according to a second embodiment. It is again possible to see the shoe-like structure of the force measuring device 10 consisting of the shoe-like element 58 with the support 64 and the sole-like element 14 consisting of the sole body 24 and the incident element 28 which is integrally formed in this embodiment.
  • the bending body 16 has a total of three strain gauges. Strip 18, which are arranged over a cavity 44 of the bending body 16. At the opposite ends of the strain gauges 18 of the bending body 16 is in turn connected on the one hand with the appearance element 28 and on the other hand with the sole body 24.
  • the illustrated embodiment is in particular for direct loading by a foot, that is formed without a possible plaster casing.
  • the sole body 24 has a taper 68 in its ball area, whereby the possibility of rolling of the foot during a walking movement is made possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

Power measuring device comprises a sole-like element (14) having a sole body (24) with an opening for a bending body (16) and a tread element (28). The bending body is connected to the tread element on one side and to the sole body on the other side using fixing devices (30, 32). Preferred Features: The tread element comprises a first partial element (34) and a second partial element (36) which are each connected to the bending body using the first fixing device (30). The fixing devices are formed as screws or bolts.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Kraftmessgerät zur Messung von einer auf einen Fuß wirkenden Körperkraft mit mindestens einer unter dem Fuß anbringbaren Kraftmesseinrichtung, wobei die Kraftmesseinrichtung aus mindestens einem in einem sohlenartigen Element angeordneten Biegekörper und mindestens einem auf dem Biegekörper befestigten Dehnungsmess-Streifen, wobei der oder die Dehnungsmess-Streifen mit einer in dem sohlenartigen Element angeordneten Mess-Schaltung verbunden ist bzw. sind und einer mit der Mess-Schaltung verbundenen Auswerteeinheit zur Bestimmung der absoluten Krafteinwirkung.The present invention relates to a force measuring device for measuring a physical force acting on a foot with at least one under the foot attachable force measuring device, wherein the force measuring device of at least one arranged in a sole member bending body and at least one attached to the bending body strain gauges, wherein the or the strain gauge strip is or are connected to a measuring circuit arranged in the sole-like element and an evaluation unit connected to the measuring circuit for determining the absolute force.

Eine Vielzahl von Kraftmessgeräten zur Messung von einer auf einen Fuß wirkenden Körperkraft sind bekannt. Derartige Kraftmessgeräte werden insbesondere bei Personen, die Knochenbrüche erlitten haben, im Rahmen der Rekonvaleszenz verwendet. Dabei sollen die gebrochenen Knochen zunächst mit geringen Kräften und sodann ansteigend bis hin zu den normalerweise aufgenommenen Körperkräften belastet werden. Dabei soll zum Beispiel bei einem Beinbruch das verletzte Bein zunächst nicht mit dem vollen Körpergewicht, sondern beispielsweise mit 30 kg (ca. 300 N) belastet werden. Um dem Patienten anzuzeigen, dass die vorgegebene maximale Belastung überschritten wird, weisen bekannte Kraftmessgeräte akustische und/oder optische Signaleinrichtungen auf, die ein entsprechendes Warnsignal abgeben. Es ist aus der DE 196 12 334 A1 ein tragbares Fuß-Belastungs-Warngerät für bein- und hüftoperierte Patienten bekannt, welches einen unter dem Fuß des Patienten anzubringenden Drucksensor, einen mit diesem funktionsverbundenen Druck-Strom/Spannungs-Wandler, einen elektronischen Vergleichsmesser, der bei Überschreitung eines voreinstellbaren Strom- bzw. Spannungs-Grenzwertes ein optisches oder akustisches Signal erzeugt, einen Regler zur manuellen Einstellung dieses Grenzwertes und einer Stromquelle zur Versorgung der elektrischen Elemente aufweist. Dabei kann der Drucksensor ein eingespannter Biegestab mit auf diesem aufgebrachten Dehnungsmess-Streifen sein. Auch die DE 37 32 891 A1 beschreibt einen Schuh mit einer Messvorrichtung, wobei die Messvorrichtung die Kraft anzeigt, die auf den Schuh ausgeübt wird. Dabei kann die Messvorrichtung einen Dehnungsmess-Streifen aufweisen. Zudem ist die Messvorrichtung wiederum mit einem Signalgeber ausgestattet, der bei Überschreiten eines vorgebbaren Kraftwertes ein optisches oder akustisches Signal abgibt. Aus der DE 37 14 2-18 A1 ist zudem eine so genannte Fußsohlenwaage bekannt, die aus einer Einlegesohle oder dergleichen mit integrierter Kraftmessvorrichtung und einem an die Kraftmessvorrichtung angeschlossenen tragbaren, batteriebetriebenen Elektronikteil mit einem Einstellsystem zur Einstellung eines gewünschten Belastungsbereichs besteht. Zudem weist die Kraftmessvorrichtung ein Anzeigesystem zur akustischen Anzeige von Überschreitungen des eingestellten Belastungsbereichs auf. Für die Kraftmessvorrichtung werden unter anderem Drucksensoren mit Dehnungsmess-Streifen verwendet, die einerseits im Ballenbereich und andererseits im Fersenbereich der Einlegesohle angeordnet sind.A variety of force gauges for measuring foot force are known. Such force gauges are used in particular in persons who have suffered fractures in the context of convalescence. The broken bones should first be loaded with small forces and then rising to the normally absorbed body forces. For example, in the event of a leg fracture, the injured leg should first not be loaded with the full body weight but, for example, with 30 kg (about 300 N). To indicate to the patient that the predetermined maximum load is exceeded, known force measuring devices on acoustic and / or optical signaling devices that emit a corresponding warning signal. It is from the DE 196 12 334 A1 a portable foot-load warning device for leg- and hip-operated patients is known, which has to be attached under the foot of the patient pressure sensor, connected to this function connected pressure-current / voltage converter, an electronic comparator, when exceeding a presettable current or Voltage limit generates an optical or acoustic signal, a controller for manually setting this limit and a power source for supplying the electrical elements. In this case, the pressure sensor may be a clamped bending rod with strain gauge strip applied thereto. Also the DE 37 32 891 A1 describes a shoe with a measuring device, wherein the measuring device indicates the force exerted on the shoe. In this case, the measuring device may have a strain gauge strip. In addition, the measuring device is in turn equipped with a signal generator which emits an optical or acoustic signal when a predeterminable force value is exceeded. From the DE 37 14 2-18 A1 In addition, a so-called foot-sole balance is known which consists of an insole or the like with integrated force-measuring device and a portable, battery-operated electronic part connected to the force measuring device with a setting system for setting a desired load range. In addition, the force measuring device has a display system for the acoustic display of excesses of the set load range. Among other things, pressure sensors with strain gauges are used for the force measuring device, which are arranged on the one hand in the ball area and on the other hand in the heel area of the insole.

Die US 6122846 A offenbart eine schuhartige Vorrichtung zur Messung von Kräften, die auf den Fuß eines Trägers einwirken. Die Vorrichtung signalisiert dem Träger, sobald auf den Fuß einwirkende Kräfte vorgewählte Obergrenzen überschreiten oder nicht innerhalb vorgewählter Grenzwerte liegen.The US 6122846 A discloses a shoe-type device for measuring forces acting on the foot of a wearer. The device signals the wearer as soon as forces acting on the foot exceed preset upper limits or are not within preselected limits.

Nachteilig an den bekannten Kraftmessgeräten ist jedoch, dass diese das tatsächlich wirkende Gesamtgewicht bzw. die tatsächlich wirkende Gesamtkraft bzw. -belastung auf den Fuß nur unzureichend wiedergeben. Aufgrund unterschiedlicher Fußgrößen bzw. der daraus resultierenden Auflageflächen auf die Messvorrichtung ergeben sich bei gleicher Gewichtsbelastung unterschiedliche Messergebnisse. Des Weiteren werden die tatsächlichen Belastungsverhältnisse durch zum Beispiel eine leichte Schrägstellung des Fußes innerhalb des Kraftmessgerätes verfälscht.A disadvantage of the known force measuring devices, however, is that they reflect the actual effective total weight or the actually acting total force or load on the foot only inadequately. Due to different foot sizes and the resulting bearing surfaces on the measuring device results in different weight results different measurement results. Furthermore, the actual load conditions are falsified by, for example, a slight inclination of the foot within the force gauge.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Kraftmessgerät der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, welches eine auf einen Fuß wirkende Körperkraft bzw. Gesamtbelastung unabhängig von der jeweiligen Fußform oder anderen Auflageflächen möglichst genau wiedergibt.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a force measuring device of the type mentioned, which reproduces as accurately as possible a force acting on a foot body force or total load regardless of the particular foot shape or other bearing surfaces.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein gattungsgemäßes Kraftmessgerät mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by a generic force measuring device having the features of independent claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftmessgerätes sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous embodiments of the force measuring device according to the invention are described in the subclaims.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Kraftmessgerät zur Messung von einer auf einen Fuß wirkenden Körperkraft weist einen schuhartigen Aufbau bestehend aus einem obigen schuhartigen Element und einem unteren sohlenartigen Element mit mindestens einer unter dem Fuß anbringbaren Kraftmesseinrichtung auf, wobei die Kraftmesseinrichtung aus mindestens einem in einem sohlenartigen Element angeordneten Biegekörper und mindestens einem auf dem Biegekörper befestigten Dehnungsmess-Streifen besteht. Dabei ist der oder die Dehnungsmess-Streifen mit einer in dem sohlenartigen Element angeordneten Mess-Schaltung verbunden, wobei die Mess-Schaltung mit einer Auswerteeinheit zur Bestimmung der absoluten Krafteinwirkung verbunden ist. Erfindungsgemäß weist das sohlenartige Element einen zumindest zweiteiligen Aufbau bestehend aus einem obigen Sohlenkörper mit mindestens einer Aufnahmeöffnung für den Biegekörper sowie einem unteren bodenseitig angeordneten Auftrittelement auf, wobei der Biegekörper mittels erster und zweiter Befestigungsvorrichtung einerseits mit dem Auftrittelement und andererseits mit dem Sohlenkörper verbunden ist. Durch die Verbindung des Biegekörpers einerseits mit dem bodenseitigen Auftrittelement und andererseits mit dem Sohlenkörper wird bei einer Belastung des Kraftmessgerätes durch eine auf den Fuß wirkende Körperkraft die relative Dehnung des Biegekörpers zwischen dem Auftrittelement und dem Sohlenkörper mittels der Dehnungsmess-Streifen gemessen. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, dass unabhängig von der Fußform oder einer anderen Auflagefläche auf die Kraftmesseinrichtung, wie zum Beispiel einen den Fuß umgebenden Gips, immer eine Messung der Gesamtbelastung über die gesamte Fläche des Auftrittelements relativ zur gesamten Fläche des Sohlenkörpers erfolgt. Dadurch wird erfindungsgemäß vermieden, dass es nur zu einer punktuellen oder Teilflächen-Messung von Kraftverhältnissen - wie dies durch die bekannten Kraftmessgeräte erfolgt - kommt. Vielmehr wird durch die zweiteilige Ausführung des sohlenartigen Elementes immer die auftretende Gesamtbelastung bzw. das Gesamtgewicht und die tatsächlich wirkende Körperkraft gemessen.A force measuring device according to the invention for measuring a physical force acting on a foot has a shoe-like structure consisting of a shoe-like element above and a lower sole-like element with at least one under the foot attachable force measuring device, wherein the force measuring device of at least one arranged in a sole member bending body and at least one attached to the bending body strain gauge strip. In this case, the strain gauge or strips is connected to a arranged in the sole member measuring circuit, wherein the measuring circuit is connected to an evaluation unit for determining the absolute force. According to the invention, the sole-like element has an at least two-part construction consisting of a sole body with at least one receiving opening for the bending body and a bottom arranged on the ground side entrance element, wherein the bending body is connected by means of first and second fastening device on the one hand with the appearance element and on the other hand with the sole body. By the connection of the bending body on the one hand with the bottom-side tread element and on the other hand with the sole body, the relative elongation of the bending body between the tread element and the sole body is measured by means of strain gauges at a load of the force measuring device by a physical force acting on the foot. This ensures that, regardless of the shape of the foot or another support surface on the force measuring device, such as a gypsum surrounding the foot, always a measurement of the total load over the entire surface of the coating element takes place relative to the entire surface of the sole body. As a result, according to the invention, it is avoided that force measurements only occur at one point or part surface measurement, as is done by the known force measuring devices. Rather, by the two-part design of the sole-like element always the total load occurring or the total weight and the actual physical strength is measured.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Auftrittelement zweigeteilt ausgebildet, wobei ein fersenseitig angeordnetes erstes Teilelement und ein ballenseitig angeordnetes zweites Teilelement jeweils mittels der ersten Befestigungsvorrichtung mit dem Biegekörper verbunden sind. Diese Ausgestaltungsform ist insbesondere bei Patienten mit einem Gipsfuß vorteilhaft, da in diesem Fall der Fuß nicht abgewinkelt werden kann und die Belastung des Fußes hier über eine große Fläche erfolgt und dementsprechend gemessen werden muss.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the appearance element is formed in two parts, wherein a heel side arranged first sub-element and a Bale side arranged second sub-element are each connected by means of the first fastening device with the bending body. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in patients with a gypsum base, since in this case the foot can not be angled and the burden of the foot takes place here over a large area and must be measured accordingly.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die ersten und zweiten Befestigungsvorrichtungen jeweils an den jeweiligen Dehnungsmess-Streifen gegenüberliegenden Enden des Biegekörpers angeordnet. Durch diese Anordnung der Befestigungsvorrichtungen ist gewährleistet, dass die auftretenden Kraftverhältnisse sehr exakt wiedergegeben werden, da der Biegekörper mehr oder weniger "frei schwingend" zwischen dem Auftrittselement und dem Sohlenkörper befestigt ist. Dabei können die ersten und zweiten Befestigungsvorrichtungen schrauben- oder bolzenartig ausgebildet sein.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first and second fastening devices are each arranged on the respective strain gauges opposite ends of the bending body. Through this Arrangement of the fastening devices ensures that the force relationships occurring are reproduced very accurately, since the bending body is more or less "free swinging" between the tread element and the sole body attached. In this case, the first and second fastening devices may be screw-shaped or bolt-like.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Mess-Schaltung und/oder die Auswerteeinheit mit einem akustischen und/oder optischen Signalgeber verbunden. Bei Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Belastungsgrenze kann vorteilhafterweise dem Patienten ein Warnsignal übermittelt werden. Zudem ist es möglich, dass die Auswerteeinheit mit einer Anzeigeeinheit zur Anzeige der tatsächlichen Gewichtsbelastung bzw. zur Darstellung der absoluten Kraftwerte verbunden sein. Die Mess-Schaltung und/oder die Auswerteeinheit kann zudem eine Einstellvorrichtung zur Einstellung des gewünschten Belastungsbereichs aufweisen.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the measuring circuit and / or the evaluation unit is connected to an acoustic and / or optical signal transmitter. When a predetermined load limit is exceeded, a warning signal can advantageously be transmitted to the patient. In addition, it is possible for the evaluation unit to be connected to a display unit for displaying the actual weight load or for displaying the absolute force values. The measuring circuit and / or the evaluation unit can also have an adjustment device for setting the desired load range.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Mess-Schaltung auf einer in dem sohlenartigen Element angeordneten Leiterplatte angeordnet. Dabei kann auf der Leiterplatte die Mess-Schaltung, die Einstellvorrichtung, der akustische und/oder optische Signalgeber sowie eine Stromversorgungseinheit angeordnet sein.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the measuring circuit is arranged on a printed circuit board arranged in the sole-like element. In this case, the measuring circuit, the adjusting device, the acoustic and / or optical signal transmitter and a power supply unit can be arranged on the printed circuit board.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist die Mess-Schaltung und/oder die Auswerteeinheit einen Sender und/oder Empfänger zur drahtlosen Übertragung von Messdaten oder anderen Daten auf. Zudem können die von der Kraftmesseinrichtung gelieferten Messdaten einem Datenspeicher zuführbar sein. Dadurch ist es einerseits möglich, die gemessenen Daten auf einem tragbaren Display anzuzeigen. Andererseits können durch die Speicherung der Messdaten Therapieverläufe und Therapieerfolge wie auch entsprechende Misserfolge nachvollzogen werden.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the measuring circuit and / or the evaluation unit on a transmitter and / or receiver for the wireless transmission of measurement data or other data. In addition, the measurement data supplied by the force measuring device can be fed to a data memory. This makes it possible on the one hand to display the measured data on a portable display. On the other hand, the storage of the measured data can be used to trace the course of therapy and therapeutic success as well as corresponding failures.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftgerätes weist der Biegekörper im Bereich unter dem oder den Dehnungs-Messstreifen einen Hohlraum auf. Der Hohlraum kann dabei als eine durch den Biegekörper verlaufende Bohrung ausgebildet sein. Durch die Ausbildung des Hohlraums ist gewährleistet, dass auch bei kleinen Verbiegungen bzw. Verformungen des Biegekörpers eine entsprechende Widerstandsveränderung im Dehnungsmess-Streifen erfolgt. Damit können auch geringe Krafteinwirkungen zuverlässig gemessen werden.In a further advantageous embodiment of the force device according to the invention, the bending body has a cavity in the area under or the strain gauges. The cavity may be formed as a running through the bending body bore. The formation of the cavity ensures that even with small bends or deformations of the bending body, a corresponding change in resistance in the strain gauge strip takes place. In this way even small forces can be reliably measured.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung sind in den nachfolgend beschriebenen und zeichnerisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Explosionszeichnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Kraftmessgeräts gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;
Figur 2
eine Schnittdarstellung des Kraftmessgeräts gemäß Figur 1;
Figur 3
eine Explosionszeichnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Kraftmessgeräts gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform; und
Figur 4
eine Schnittdarstellung des Kraftmessgeräts gemäß Figur 3.
Further details, features and advantages of the invention are explained in more detail in the exemplary embodiments described below and illustrated in the drawing. Show it:
FIG. 1
an exploded view of a force measuring device according to the invention according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 2
a sectional view of the force gauge according to FIG. 1 ;
FIG. 3
an exploded view of a force measuring device according to the invention according to a second embodiment; and
FIG. 4
a sectional view of the force gauge according to FIG. 3 ,

Figur 1 zeigt eine Explosionszeichnung eines Kraftmessgerätes 10 gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform. Man erkennt, dass das Kraftmessgerät 10 die Form eines am Fuß zu befestigenden Schuhs 58 aufweist. In der dargestellten ersten Ausführungsform handelt es sich um ein Kraftmessgerät 10, das insbesondere bei Patienten mit einem Gipsfuß zur Anwendung kommt. Das Kraftmessgerät 10 dient dabei zur Messung von einer auf einen Fuß wirkenden Körperkraft und weist eine Kraftmesseinrichtung 12 auf. Die Kraftmesseinrichtung 12 besteht aus einem sohlenartigen Element 14 mit einer Öffnung 26, in der ein Biegekörper 16 angeordnet ist. Auf dem Biegekörper 16 sind in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel insgesamt vier Dehnungsmess-Streifen 18 angeordnet. Die Dehnungsmess-Streifen 18 können dabei mit dem Biegekörper 16 verklebt sein. Der Biegekörper 16 besteht dabei aus einem biegefähigen Material, insbesondere aus Metall, einer Metall-Legierung, aus Kunststoff oder Keramik. Der Biegekörper 16 ist in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel länglich ausgebildet. Es ist aber auch möglich, dass der Biegekörper 16 eine andere Form aufweist. Bei den verwendeten Dehnungsmess-Streifen 18 kann es sich zum Beispiel um so genannte "Draht-DMS" oder "Folien-DMS" handeln. Durch die Verformung des Biegekörpers 16 erfolgt eine Dehnung des Dehnungsmess-Streifens 18, wobei dies zu einer messbaren relativen Widerstandsänderung führt, die mit einer in dem sohlenartigen Element 14 angeordneten Mess-Schaltung 20 darstellbar ist. Die Mess-Schaltung 20 ist dabei mit einer Auswerteeinheit zur Bestimmung der absoluten Krafteinwirkung verbunden. FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of a force gauge 10 according to a first embodiment. It can be seen that the force measuring device 10 has the shape of a shoe 58 to be attached to the foot. In the illustrated first embodiment is a force gauge 10, which is used in particular in patients with a plaster base. The force measuring device 10 serves for the measurement of a physical force acting on a foot and has a force measuring device 12. The force measuring device 12 consists of a sole-like element 14 with an opening 26 in which a bending body 16 is arranged. On the bending body 16 a total of four strain gauges 18 are arranged in the illustrated embodiment. The strain gauges 18 can be glued to the bending body 16. The bending body 16 consists of a bendable material, in particular of metal, a metal alloy, plastic or ceramic. The bending body 16 is elongated in the illustrated embodiment. But it is also possible that the bending body 16 has a different shape. The strain gauge strips 18 used may be, for example, so-called "wire strain gauges" or "foil strain gauges". By the deformation of the bending body 16, an elongation of the strain gauge strip 18 takes place, which leads to a measurable relative change in resistance, which can be represented by a measuring circuit 20 arranged in the sole-like element 14. The measuring circuit 20 is connected to an evaluation unit for determining the absolute force.

Des Weiteren erkennt man, dass das sohlenartige Element in dem dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel einen dreiteiligen Aufbau, bestehend aus einem Sohlenkörper 24 mit der Aufnahmeöffnung 26 für den Biegekörper 16 und einem bodenseitig angeordneten Auftrittelement 28, bestehend aus einem fersenseitig angeordneten ersten Teilelement 34 und einem ballenseitig angeordneten zweiten Teilelement 36, besitzt. Die beiden Teilelemente 34, 36 sind dabei jeweils mittels erster Befestigungsvorrichtungen 30 mit dem Biegekörper 16 verbunden. Mittels zweiter Befestigungsvorrichtungen 32 ist der Biegekörper 16 mit dem Sohlenkörper 24 verbunden. Man erkennt, dass in der Aufnahmeöffnung 26 eine Auflagefläche 48 zur Auflage des Biegekörpers 16 ausgebildet ist. Die Befestigungsvorrichtungen 32 werden durch entsprechende Öffnungen (nicht dargestellt) der Auflagefläche 48 hindurchgeführt und in entsprechenden Aufnahmeöffnungen 40 des Biegekörpers 16 befestigt. Die ersten Befestigungsvorrichtungen 30 werden durch Öffnungen 38 des Biegekörpers 16 hindurchgeführt und in entsprechenden Aufnahmen 42 des Auftrittelementes 28 bzw. des ersten und zweiten Teilelementes 34, 36 befestigt. Die Aufnahmen 42 sind dabei von einem rahmenartigen Element 56 umgeben, welches jeweils zur Positionierung des Auftrittelementes 28 bzw. des ersten und zweiten Teilelementes 34, 36 in der Aufnahmeöffnung 26 des Sohlenkörpers 24 dient. Man erkennt des Weiteren, dass die ersten und zweiten Befestigungsvorrichtungen 30, 32 jeweils an den den jeweiligen Dehnungsmess-Streifen 18 gegenüberliegenden Enden des Biegekörpers 16 angeordnet sind. Der Sohlenkörper 24 und das Auftrittelement 28 bestehen dabei üblicherweise aus nicht oder nur sehr wenig verformbarem Material, insbesondere Kunststoff. Bodenseitig können an dem Auftrittelement 28 bzw. an den jeweiligen Teilelementen 34, 36 Überzugelemente 52, 54 angeordnet sein. Diese Überzugelemente 52, 54 bestehen üblicherweise aus einem gummiartigen Material und verbessern die Bodenhaftung des Kraftmessgerätes 10.Furthermore, it can be seen that the sole-like element in the illustrated first embodiment, a three-part structure consisting of a sole body 24 with the receiving opening 26 for the bending body 16 and a bottom side arranged entrance element 28, consisting of a heelsitig arranged first sub-element 34 and a bale side arranged second sub-element 36, has. The two sub-elements 34, 36 are in each case connected by means of first fastening devices 30 with the bending body 16. By means of second fastening devices 32, the bending body 16 is connected to the sole body 24. It can be seen that a bearing surface 48 for supporting the bending body 16 is formed in the receiving opening 26. The fastening devices 32 are passed through corresponding openings (not shown) of the support surface 48 and secured in corresponding receiving openings 40 of the bending body 16. The first attachment devices 30 are passed through openings 38 of the bending body 16 and secured in corresponding receptacles 42 of the entrance element 28 and the first and second sub-element 34, 36. The receptacles 42 are surrounded by a frame-like element 56, which serves in each case for positioning the entrance element 28 and the first and second sub-element 34, 36 in the receiving opening 26 of the sole body 24. It can further be seen that the first and second fastening devices 30, 32 are each arranged on the respective strain gauges 18 opposite ends of the bending body 16. The sole body 24 and the appearance element 28 usually consist of no or only very little deformable material, in particular plastic. On the bottom side, covering elements 52, 54 can be arranged on the appearance element 28 or on the respective subelements 34, 36. These cover elements 52, 54 are usually made of a rubber-like material and improve the grip of the force measuring device 10th

Des Weiteren erkennt man, dass der Biegekörper 16 im Bereich unter den Dehnungsmess-Streifen 18 jeweils einen Hohlraum 44 aufweist. Der Hohlraum 44 ist dabei als eine durch den Biegekörper 16 verlaufende Bohrung bzw. Bohrungen ausgebildet. Zudem wird deutlich, dass die Mess-Schaltung 20 auf einer in einer Aufnahmeöffnung 46 des sohlenartigen Elements 14 angeordneten Leiterplatte 22 angeordnet ist. Die Aufnahmeöffnung 46 befindet sich dabei in dem Sohlenkörper 24. Auf der Leiterplatte 22 sind zudem eine Einstellvorrichtung 62 zur Einstellung eines gewünschten Belastungsbereichs sowie eine Stromversorgungseinheit 60 angeordnet. Die Stromversorgungseinheit 60 weist zudem einen abnehmbaren Deckel 66 auf. Das auf der Kraftmesseinrichtung 12 aufsitzende schuhartige Element 58 weist eine Auflagefläche 64 zur Auflage auf die Kraftmesseinrichtung auf. Die Auflage 64 kann dabei zumindest tellweise abnehmbar ausgebildet sein.Furthermore, it can be seen that the bending body 16 in each case has a cavity 44 in the region under the strain gauges 18. The cavity 44 is formed as a running through the bending body 16 bore or holes. In addition, it becomes clear that the measuring circuit 20 is arranged on a printed circuit board 22 arranged in a receiving opening 46 of the sole-like element 14. The receiving opening 46 is located in the sole body 24. On the circuit board 22 also an adjustment device 62 for setting a desired load range and a power supply unit 60 are arranged. The power supply unit 60 also has a removable cover 66. The seated on the force measuring device 12 shoe-like Element 58 has a bearing surface 64 for resting on the force-measuring device. The pad 64 may be designed to be removable at least tellweise.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung des Kraftmessgerätes 10 gemäß Figur 1. Man erkennt den schuhartigen Aufbau des Kraftmessgerätes 10 bestehend aus dem schuhartigen Element 58 und dem sohlenartigen Element 14 mit der Kraftmesseinrichtung 12. Insbesondere erkennt man, dass der Biegekörper 16 einerseits mit dem Auftrittelement 28 bzw. dessen erstem und zweitem Teilelement 34, 36 und andererseits mit dem Sohlenkörper 24 über die ersten und zweiten Befestigungsvorrichtungen 30, 32 verbunden ist. Des Weiteren wird die Anordnung der Kraftmesseinrichtung 12 wie auch der Leiterplatte 22 innerhalb des sohlenartigen Elementes 14 bzw. des Sohlenkörpers 24 deutlich. FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the force measuring device 10 according to FIG. 1 , It can be seen that the bending body 16 on the one hand with the appearance element 28 and its first and second sub-element 34, 36 and on the other hand with the sole body 24 via the first and second fastening devices 30, 32 is connected. Furthermore, the arrangement of the force-measuring device 12 as well as the printed circuit board 22 within the sole-like element 14 or the sole body 24 becomes clear.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Explosionszeichnung eines Kraftmessgerätes 10 gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform. Man erkennt wiederum den schuhartigen Aufbau des Kraftmessgeräts 10 bestehend aus dem schuhartigen Element 58 mit der Auflage 64 sowie dem sohlenartigen Element 14 bestehend aus dem Sohlenkörper 24 und dem in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel einteilig ausgebildeten Auftrittelement 28. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel weist der Biegekörper 16 insgesamt drei Dehnungsmess-Streifen 18 auf, die über einem Hohlraum 44 des Biegekörpers 16 angeordnet sind. An den sich gegenüberliegenden Enden der Dehnungsmess-Streifen 18 ist der Biegekörper 16 wiederum einerseits mit dem Auftrittelement 28 und andererseits mit dem Sohlenkörper 24 verbunden. Die dargestellte Ausführungsform ist insbesondere zur direkten Belastung durch einen Fuß, d. h. ohne eine mögliche Gipsummantelung, ausgebildet. FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of a force gauge 10 according to a second embodiment. It is again possible to see the shoe-like structure of the force measuring device 10 consisting of the shoe-like element 58 with the support 64 and the sole-like element 14 consisting of the sole body 24 and the incident element 28 which is integrally formed in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the bending body 16 has a total of three strain gauges. Strip 18, which are arranged over a cavity 44 of the bending body 16. At the opposite ends of the strain gauges 18 of the bending body 16 is in turn connected on the one hand with the appearance element 28 and on the other hand with the sole body 24. The illustrated embodiment is in particular for direct loading by a foot, that is formed without a possible plaster casing.

In der in Figur 4 gezeigten Schnittdarstellung des Kraftmessgerätes 10 ist erkennbar, dass der Sohlenkörper 24 in seinem Ballenbereich eine Verjüngung 68 aufweist, wodurch die Möglichkeit eines Abrollens des Fußes bei einer Gehbewegung ermöglicht wird.In the in FIG. 4 shown sectional view of the force measuring device 10 can be seen that the sole body 24 has a taper 68 in its ball area, whereby the possibility of rolling of the foot during a walking movement is made possible.

Claims (15)

  1. Force measuring apparatus (10) for measuring a body force acting on a foot, including at least one force measuring device (12) mountable below the foot, wherein the force measuring apparatus (10) has a shoe-like construction consisting of an upper shoe-like element (58) and a lower sole-like element (14) with the force measuring device (12), and wherein the force measuring device (12) is composed of at least one bending body (16) disposed in the sole-like element (14) and at least one strain gauge (18) attached to the bending body (16), wherein the strain gauge(s) (18) is or are connected to a measuring circuit (20) disposed in the sole-like element (14), and wherein the measuring circuit (20) is connected to an evaluation unit for determining the absolute force effect,
    characterized in that
    the sole-like element (14) has an at least two-part construction composed of an upper sole body (24) with at least one receiving opening (26) for the bending body (16) and a lower tread element (28) disposed on the bottom side, wherein the bending body (16) is connected to the tread element (28) on the one hand and to the sole body (24) on the other hand by means of first and second fixing devices (30, 32).
  2. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the tread element (28) is formed in two parts, wherein a first partial element (34) disposed on the heel side and a second partial element (36) disposed on the ball side are each connected to the bending body (16) by means of the first fixing devices (30).
  3. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the first and second fixing devices (30, 32) are each disposed on the ends of the bending body (16) opposing respective strain gauges (18).
  4. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the first and second fixing devices (30, 32) are formed screw- or bolt-like.
  5. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the measuring circuit (20) and/or the evaluation unit is connected to an acoustic and/or optical transducer.
  6. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the evaluation unit is connected to a display unit.
  7. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the measuring circuit (20) and/or the evaluation unit has a transmitter and/or receiver for wirelessly transmitting measured data or other data.
  8. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the measured data provided by the force measuring device (12) can be supplied to a data storage.
  9. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the bending body (16) is made of a deformable metal, a metal alloy, of plastic or of ceramic.
  10. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the bending body (16) has a cavity (44) in the region below the strain gauge(s) (18).
  11. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to claim 10,
    characterized in that
    the cavity (44) is formed as a bore extending through the bending body (16).
  12. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the strain gauge(s) (18) is or are adhered to the bending body (16).
  13. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the measuring circuit (20) is disposed on a circuit board (22) disposed in the sole-like element (14).
  14. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to anyone of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the measuring circuit (20) and/or the evaluation unit has an adjusting device (62) for adjusting a desired load range.
  15. Force measuring apparatus (10) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that
    the measuring circuit (20), the adjusting device (62), the acoustic and/or optical transducer as well as a power supply unit (60) are disposed on the circuit board (22).
EP06006145A 2005-04-07 2006-03-24 Force measuring device for measuring the force applied by a body to a foot Not-in-force EP1709904B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202005005521U DE202005005521U1 (en) 2005-04-07 2005-04-07 force gauge

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1709904A2 EP1709904A2 (en) 2006-10-11
EP1709904A3 EP1709904A3 (en) 2006-11-08
EP1709904B1 true EP1709904B1 (en) 2011-07-20

Family

ID=36867485

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06006145A Not-in-force EP1709904B1 (en) 2005-04-07 2006-03-24 Force measuring device for measuring the force applied by a body to a foot

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EP (1) EP1709904B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE516749T1 (en)
DE (1) DE202005005521U1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012106715A1 (en) * 2012-07-24 2014-01-30 Fachhochschule Münster Device for measuring the load on a biological system
DE102015108261A1 (en) * 2015-05-26 2016-12-15 Edgar Emil Sinn Device for generating a warning signal in case of excessive load on a leg of a patient
PL425037A1 (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-10-07 Grzegorz Klekot Device for rehabilitation of lower limbs

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3714218A1 (en) * 1987-04-29 1988-12-01 Huberti Helmut Dr Med THERAPEUTIC PROTECTIVE DEVICE AGAINST OVERLOAD OF THE HUMAN MOTORIZED APPARATUS, SOCIAL FOOT SCALE
DE3732891A1 (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-04-20 Tetron Developments Ges Fuer I Shoe with measurement device
US5357696A (en) * 1992-05-01 1994-10-25 Gray Frank B Device for measuring force applied to a wearer's foot
US5269081A (en) * 1992-05-01 1993-12-14 Gray Frank B Force monitoring shoe
DE4316992A1 (en) * 1993-05-21 1994-04-21 Daimler Benz Ag Load measuring appts. for measuring load on legs of vehicle crash test dummy - contains force measurement sensors mounted in measurement plates on heel and sole of measurement shoe
DE19612334A1 (en) * 1995-04-04 1997-01-02 Thomas Dipl Ing Thomann Foot overload warning device for patients after leg or hip operations
DE19804443A1 (en) * 1998-02-05 1999-08-19 Rausch Load detection arrangement for leg of patient
US6160254A (en) * 1999-03-02 2000-12-12 Zimmerman; Michael J. Devices and methods for indicating loss of shock absorption in a shoe
US6122846A (en) * 1999-08-30 2000-09-26 Frank B. Gray Force monitoring shoe
US6470759B1 (en) * 2000-10-30 2002-10-29 Mettler Toledo, Inc. Load cell with reduced sensitivity to thermal shock

Also Published As

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DE202005005521U1 (en) 2006-08-17
EP1709904A3 (en) 2006-11-08
EP1709904A2 (en) 2006-10-11
ATE516749T1 (en) 2011-08-15

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