EP1647657B1 - Sliding door with a magnetic supporting mechanism with adjustment of the supporting force - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a sliding door with a magnetic support device according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for an automatically operated door and more particularly to a particular embodiment of a support element and / or a guide element of the support device. The magnetic support device consists of at least one row of magnets, this term comprising an arrangement of individual permanent magnets and also elongate individual magnets. The magnet series can be arranged stationary or mobile.

From the DE 40 16 948 A1 a sliding door guide is known in which cooperating magnets under normal load cause a contact-free floating guide held in the sliding guide door or the like. The disadvantage here is the V-shaped arrangement of the permanent magnets, since no laterally stable guideway can be realized by such an arrangement.

From the WO 00/50719 A1 a combined storage and drive system for an automatically operated door is known in which a permanent magnetic support system is symmetrical and has stationary and movable magnet rows, which are each arranged in a plane, wherein the support system is in a labile equilibrium. Here, the support system has symmetrically arranged lateral guide elements, which can be mounted in a roll shape.

What these two storage systems have in common is that they work according to the principle of repulsive force action, which principle of action enables a stable levitation state without complex electrical control devices. The disadvantage of this, however, is that both at least one stationary as well as at least one positionable magnet series must be present, d. H. that over the entire path of the sliding guide or the bearing of the automatically operated door and on the movable along this guide support carriage for the door must be arranged, whereby such a system, due to the elimination of mechanical friction to carry the door by extreme Smooth running and noiseless operation is characterized and is almost wear and maintenance-free, in the production is very expensive.

From the DE 196 18 518 C1 Further, an electromagnetic drive system for magnetic levitation and support systems is known in which a stable levitation and support state is achieved by a suitable arrangement of permanent magnet and ferromagnetic material. For this purpose, the permanent magnet puts the ferromagnetic material in the state of a magnetic partial saturation. Electromagnets are arranged so that the permanent magnets are moved solely by a change in the saturation in the support rail, and the coil cores are included in the permanent magnetic partial saturation, which leads to the floating and wearing state.

Next shows the WO 94/13055 a stand drive for a linear electric drive and a door provided with such a stand, which is suspended by means of magnets in the lintel of a frame. For this purpose, a plurality of magnets or magnet groups are arranged on the door panel whose magnetic field strength is so great that an attraction force is achieved to a guide plate, which is arranged on the underside of the lintel is, wherein the attraction is sufficient to lift the weight of the door panel.

The two systems described in these documents have in common that the magnetic attraction must be precisely adjusted during manufacture to the respective load to be carried, whereby these systems are unsuitable or too expensive for practical use. Next is either no stable lateral guidance of the door given or the guide elements can tilt slightly, causing a discontinuous movement.

It is therefore the object of the invention to develop a sliding door with a magnetic support device so that the advantages mentioned above remain at lower production costs.

This object is achieved with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims. The sliding door according to the invention with magnetic support means for at least one door leaf, wherein the support means at least one magnetic row, at least one in attractive force, with at least one of the at least one magnetic row, standing soft or hard magnetic support member, preferably as at least one support rail, a guide element, the one certain gap-shaped distance between the at least one row of magnets and the support rail ensures and has a vertically acting load setting, has with respect to the described state of the Technology has the advantage that the support element does not necessarily have to be hard magnetic due to the exploited attractive force. Further, since a guide member is provided which ensures a certain gap-shaped distance between the at least one magnet row and the support member, despite utilizing an unstable state of equilibrium, no electrical or electronic control device needs to be provided. A gap in the horizontal direction in the sense of this invention is a distance between two parallel or slightly inclined surfaces. Here, in particular, between a pole face of one of the at least one magnet row and one of these face of the support element arranged opposite to it substantially parallel thereto. Finally, a slight adjustment of the carrying device according to the invention to different loads is possible by the inventive load setting, that is, to different heavy door of the sliding door according to the invention. By virtue of this feature, the carrying devices of the sliding doors according to the invention can be manufactured without any difference in series, without any consideration of the actual later use, ie without an adjustment to the weight to be carried later during manufacture. Further, with a change of the wings and / or a repair, the storage is greatly simplified and the respective adjustability is an effective protection against tilting given, since the load setting at the same time inherent optimizing the travel allowed. The load capacity setting of the sliding door according to the invention comprises an adjusting device by which the support element or parts of the support element in a direction perpendicular to a distance are adjustable so that the distance between the at least one row of magnets and the support element remains constant during their adjustment. By such an adjustment can be realized on the one hand a simple height adjustment and on the other a simple load capacity adjustment. The height adjustment is special advantageous if the support element consists of several segments, which are arranged in the direction of displacement, ie perpendicular to the supporting direction and the lateral direction or transverse direction, side by side, so sequentially, are traversed. Even with a parallel arrangement of a plurality of support elements and rows of magnets for carrying a load an individual height adjustment for mutual adjustment of parallel arranged several support elements and rows of magnets makes sense.

This simple way of adjusting the load capacity, the support devices according to the invention, for example during assembly, can be adapted to different loads without structural changes or replacement of elements of the respective support means must be made. Is provided that only parts of the respective support device are adjustable, the forces on the adjustable parts of this support means can be kept as small as possible, whereby the design complexity of an adjustment against the case of an adjustment of the entire support device is reduced. The sliding door according to the invention preferably has each support element a U-shaped mounting rail with a bottom portion and two side portions, wherein the bottom portion connecting the two side portions fixed and at least one of the two side portions are arranged adjustable, and a magnetic series of at least one magnetic series at least partially within the U-shaped mounting rail is guided, that an inner surface of the at least one adjustable side portion or a bent parallel to the bottom portion extending end portion of the at least one adjustable side portion with the predetermined distance to a parallel to the inner surface of the at least one adjustable side portion or to a perpendicular to the bottom surface extending end face of the end portion disposed first side of the magnet array is arranged.

In one development of this first preferred embodiment of this embodiment according to the invention, an inner surface of the other side region or a bent end region of the other side region running parallel to the bottom region is preferably at the same or another specific gap-shaped distance to a second side opposite the first side of the magnet array the magnetic series or a further magnetic series of at least one set of magnets arranged adjustable.

In a second preferred embodiment of this inventive embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention, each support element preferably has two mounting rails, of which at least one mounting rail is arranged with a certain distance adjustable to a first side of one of the at least one magnet row and the other mounting rail with the same or another certain gap-shaped distance to one of the first side of the magnetic row opposite the second side of the magnetic row or a further magnetic row of at least one magnetic row is arranged.

Preferably, the at least one magnetic row is adjustably mounted on a support carriage carrying a support load. Preferably, the distance between the magnet array and the support element is kept as small as possible. The support element is preferably stationary and the at least one row of magnets arranged to be movable, that is, in the case of the sliding door, this is hung on the magnetic row, whereas the support element forms a guide for the door element or the door elements of a multi-leaf sliding door. This embodiment allows in a particularly simple manner a combination of the support device according to the invention with an electromagnetic linear drive, in which the rotor is formed by means of the magnetic row (s). Of course, the design of the support element is mobile and the magnetic series (s) stationary possible. The at least one rows of magnets is preferably made of individual permanent magnets, since costs can be saved by the juxtaposition of individual smaller magnets in the procurement of materials and thus in the manufacturing process of the support device according to the invention. Further, due to this configuration, lighter tolerances can be balanced and magnetic properties can be better utilized. Instead of a series of magnets and a single magnet can be used, whereby the relatively difficult mounting of the plurality of individual magnets is eliminated.

In the carrying device, the at least one row of magnets, preferably transversely to the supporting direction, magnetized. Further preferably, the at least one magnet row is also also magnetized transversely to a direction of displacement, in which an element carried by the support means, for. B. a sliding door element, can be moved. In this preferred arrangement of the magnetization, the at least one row of magnets transverse to the supporting direction, results in a particularly simple structural design of the guide element, since this can be planned and executed in this case, regardless of a force that must be generated by the support to the to keep worn element in a limbo. Preferably, the magnetization of the at least one row of magnets in a longitudinal direction of the at least one row of magnets alternates at certain intervals the sign. This feature, which can be realized particularly easily with a magnet series consisting of individual permanent magnets, effects a better magnetic effect since, together with the support device, a magnetic field closure of the individual magnetization regions, ie between the individual permanent magnets, is produced. Also in this preferred embodiment, a multiple polarized single magnet can be used instead of the individual permanent magnets with alternating polarization. It is also achieved by this feature that the guide element ensuring the gap-like spacing does not have to absorb any great forces in the case of a support element present on both sides of the magnet row, since the forces acting in the direction of magnetization between the at least one magnet row and the support element are canceled out at best. This effect is more strongly supported with an increasing number of alternating polarizations, since both tolerances in the field strengths of individual polarization regions are better compensated for, and such a superimposition of the forces respectively generated by the individual polarization regions results in the creation of a field which corresponds to the structure of FIG Counteracts transverse forces. At least three successive polarization areas should be provided so that a possible in only two polarization areas of the magnetic series possible canting of the magnetic series does not occur, which can already generate large lateral forces. When using a U-shaped mounting rail is indeed due to the design of the support rail as such already achieved a better magnetic field than with the use of two support rails, which are arranged on both sides of the magnet array, with a combination of these features, however, results in a particularly good magnetic field circuit.

The support element is preferably soft magnetic, whereby particularly low costs are achieved with respect to this element.

The guide element preferably comprises rollers, rolling and / or sliding body. The at least one magnetic row preferably consists of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably rare-earth high-performance magnets, more preferably neodymium-iron-boron (NeFeB) or samarium-cobalt (Sm ₂ Co) or plastic-bonded magnet materials. By using such high-performance magnets can be generated because of the higher remanence induction significantly higher power densities than with ferrite magnets. Consequently, the magnet system can be constructed geometrically small and thus save space for a given load capacity with high-performance magnets. The higher material costs of the high-performance magnets compared to ferrite magnets are at least compensated by the comparatively small magnet volume.

All embodiments of the support device can be configured, combined or integrated with an electromagnetic linear drive or with an electromechanical linear drive, which can also be arranged within the U-shaped support rail.

The carrying device is used for carrying at least one door leaf of a sliding door, which is preferably designed as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall. In addition to this insert, it can also be used to carry gate leaves or in feeders, handling devices or transport systems. The invention will be described in more detail with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments.

Figur 1:

Einen Querschnitt einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer magnetischen Trageinrichtung in verschiedenen Belastungszuständen,

Figur 2:

die Tragkraftkennlinie der magnetischen Trageinrichtung nach der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform,

Figur 3:

den Querkraftverlauf der magnetischen Trageinrichtung nach der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform,

Figur 4:

eine Schnittdarstellung einer Draufsicht der magnetischen Trageinrichtung nach der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform,

Figur 5:

einen Querschnitt einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 6:

einen Querschnitt einer dritten, nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer magnetischen Trageinrichtung,

Figur 7:

einen Querschnitt einer vierten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 8:

einen Querschnitt einer fünften bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 9:

einen Querschnitt einer sechsten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür,

Figur 10:

einen Querschnitt einer siebten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Schiebetür.

Showing:

FIG. 1:

A cross section of a non-inventive embodiment of a magnetic support device in different load conditions,

FIG. 2:

the load capacity curve of the magnetic support device according to the in FIG. 1 shown embodiment,

FIG. 3:

the transverse force curve of the magnetic support device according to the in FIG. 1 shown embodiment,

FIG. 4:

a sectional view of a top view of the magnetic support device according to the in FIG. 1 shown embodiment,

FIG. 5:

a cross section of a second preferred embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 6:

a cross section of a third, non-inventive embodiment of a magnetic support device,

FIG. 7:

a cross section of a fourth preferred embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 8:

a cross section of a fifth preferred embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 9:

a cross section of a sixth preferred embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention,

FIG. 10:

a cross section of a seventh preferred embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention.

The FIG. 1 shows a first non-inventive embodiment of a magnetic support device for sliding doors in cross section. By way of illustration, a coordinate system is shown in which an x-direction running perpendicular to the plane of the paper represents a direction of travel of a door leaf 5 suspended from the carrying device according to the invention. The direction of acting on the magnetic support device Transverse forces is the y-direction and the vertical magnetic deflection downwards due to the weight of the suspended door leaves 5 is indicated in the z-direction.

A fixed to a support carriage 4 series of magnets 1 is guided by a provided on the support carriage 4 mechanical guide element 3, which cooperates with a housing 6 of the support means in the horizontal direction centered between the soft magnetic support rails 2a, 2b, which form the support member 2, while it is freely displaceable in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel (x) of the door leaf 5. As a result of the symmetry thus forced, the transverse forces acting on the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the y direction largely cancel each other out. In the vertical direction (z-direction) take the magnets 1a, 1, 1c, 1d only in the load-free state, ie without attached to the support carriage 4 load, as in the FIG. 1a ) shown a symmetrical position.

When loading the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d with the weight F _g , z. B. by a fixed to the support carriage 4 door 5, these are in the vertical direction from the in FIG. 1a ) shown symmetrical position over a in FIG. 1b ) shown intermediate state in an in Figure 1c ), which is referred to by the weight force F _{g to be supported} and a magnetic restoring force between the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d of the magnetic row 1 and the support rails 2a, 2b of the support element 2, hereinafter also referred to as the load capacity F (z) , is determined. The cause of this restoring force are the magnetic attraction forces acting between the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d of the magnetic row 1 and the support rails 2a, 2b, wherein only the part of the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, between the support rails 2a, 2b goes down, contributes to this magnetic load capacity. Because this part is growing in size vertical deflection increases, the magnetic load capacity increases in magnitude continuously with the deflection.

In an alternative of a sliding door not according to the invention, the two mounting rails 2a, 2b are each adjustable by means of screws 18 in their vertical position, ie in the supporting direction (z-direction), in order to realize a vertically acting load-bearing adjustment. This is exemplary in Fig. 1d and 1e shown.

In a second alternative of a sliding door not according to the invention, the two mounting rails 2a, 2b are each adjustable by means of screws 18 in their horizontal position, ie in the transverse direction (y-direction), in order to realize a horizontally acting load-bearing adjustment. This is exemplary in Fig. 1f and 1g shown.

FIG. 2 shows the dependence between the vertical deflection of the magnetic series 1 and the magnetic load capacity in a characteristic, ie the load capacity curve of the support device according to the in FIG. 1 shown embodiment. On the abscissa is the vertical deflection z down, z. In mm, and on the ordinate the corresponding generated magnetic load F (z), e.g. In Newton. The course of the load capacity curve is characterized by an upper and a lower break-off point, which are each achieved when the magnets between the support rails upwards and downwards completely emerge, as is the case in the down in Figure 1e ) is shown. If this critical deflection is exceeded due to the force, then the restoring forces are weakened by the increasing distance to the mounting rails 2a, 2b, whereby a stable equilibrium state between the load capacity F (z) and the weight force F _g caused by the load can not be achieved in these areas ,

In practice, such a tearing off of the load capacity F (z) by the weight force F _{g of} the door leaf mass can be reliably prevented by a mechanical limitation of the possible deflection of the magnetic row 1, as exemplified in Figure 1d ) is shown. Here, the housing 6 accommodating the mounting rails 2a, 2b and providing a horizontal guide for the guide element 3 simultaneously comprises two projections 6a, 6b respectively arranged at its lower ends, which mechanically limit the possible deflection of the support carriage 4 and thus rigidly fastened thereto Magnet row 1 in the z direction are.

Between the upper break-off point and the lower break-off point, the load-bearing characteristic curve is almost linear, with a positive deflection of the magnetic row 1, ie a downward deflection, which takes place through the door leaf 5 fastened to the support slide 4, from the origin of the coordinate system between vertical deflection z Magnetic series 1 and magnetic load F (z) are traversed to the lower breakpoint on the load capacity curve operating points with negative slope, in which a respective stable position of the magnetic series 1 between the support rails 2a, 2b, due to the force acting on the magnetic series 1 weight F _g and the same amount, acting in the opposite direction magnetic load F (z) can adjust.

With strict symmetry of the described magnetic support device about the vertical center axis (z-axis), which depends on both the arrangement of the support device and the mechanical guide element 3, the horizontal magnetic force components in the transverse direction, ie in the y direction, cancel completely , If the magnetic series 1 leaves this exact middle position due to tolerances, then a transverse force F (y) acting on the magnetic row 1 arises due to different degrees of attraction to the two mounting rails 2a, 2b.

The FIG. 3 shows for a gap width of z. B. -1 mm to +1 mm, a transverse force profile F (y) in response to a lateral displacement y of the magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, which has a positive slope over the entire course. This means that at the zero point of the coordinate system, which corresponds to the central position of the magnetic row 1 between the mounting rails 2a, 2b, there is an unstable balance of forces. In all other points of the coordinate system there is a resulting transverse force F (y).

Since there is only an unstable equilibrium of forces in the middle position, the guide element 3 must provide a precise mechanical support, which the magnetic row 1 during the travel movement of the magnetic row 1 in the direction of movement, d. H. in the x-direction, exactly centered between the support rails 2a, 2b leads. The more precisely this centering can be realized, the lower the resulting transverse force F (y) and associated friction forces of the mechanical bearing.

To optimize the wearing properties, the magnet width, i. H. the dimensions of the magnetic row 1 or of their individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the y-direction, be as large as possible, because a large magnet width causes a large field strength, which leads to large load capacities. The height of the magnet, that is to say the dimensions of the magnet row or of its individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d in the z-direction, should be as small as possible, because small magnet heights increase the rigidity of the load-bearing field by bundling the field.

The height of the mounting rails 2a, 2b should be as small as possible, a mounting rail height is less 1/2 the magnetic height, because the field lines of the permanent magnets are bundled and thereby increases the rigidity of the magnetic support system.

The arrangement should be chosen so that the soft magnetic support rails 2a, 2b in the state of equilibrium, in which the magnetic load F (z) is equal to the amount caused by loading the magnetic row 1 with the door leaf 5 weight force F _g , vertically asymmetrical about the row of magnets 1 lie and the row of magnets 1 should be as continuous as possible in order to avoid latching forces in the direction of movement, ie in the x-direction.

In FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a supervision of in FIG. 1 a shown according to a section line AA carrying device according to the first embodiment shown. It can be seen that the magnet array 1 consists of individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, which are arranged with alternating magnetization direction between the two laterally arranged mounting rails 2a, 2b, which consist of a soft magnetic material. In this embodiment, in which the support rails 2a, 2b form the fixed part of the support means, the individual magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d are attached to the movable support carriage 4 for forming the magnet row 1 and can be placed between the rails in x and z axes. Direction are shifted. In a vertical displacement, ie a displacement in the z-direction to a small path, about 3 - 5 mm, from the zero position, ie the geometric symmetry position, resulting from the use of extremely strong permanent magnets, z. B. NeFeB, a considerable restoring force, which is suitable for carrying a sliding door leaf 5 with a weight of about 80 kg / m. In the in FIG. 4 shown arrangement in which the permanent magnets 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d are arranged with alternating direction of magnetization between the two support rails 2a, 2b, the field closure by the support rails 2a, 2b in positive magnetization of the side by side magnets positively reinforcing affects.

The FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a second preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention of the sliding door according to the invention, in the two movable magnet rows 1e, 1f are fixed to the support carriage 4, wherein between the two magnetically movable rows centered magnetic coils 17 of a linear drive are arranged. This makes it clear that the magnetic support device can also be combined with a linear drive, so as to realize an automatic sliding door.

In contrast to the above-described first preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention, in principle U-shaped housing 6 does not merely have a bottom 16 and two symmetrical side regions 7 perpendicular to it, with the support rails 2a, 2b in between the bottom 16 and one of the respective side portions 7 formed edges are arranged, but has over the previously described embodiment reinforced side regions 7, which have a milled recess 15 or notch at the respective edge with the bottom portion, which formed as free legs 26 side mounting rails 2a, 2b of a basically U-shaped mounting rail with outwardly, ie away from the arranged inside the support carriage 4 rows of magnets 1e, 1f, staggered end portions of the side mounting rails 2a, 2b record. In addition, located on the bottom 16 of the housing 6, a further support rail 14, which is designed so U-shaped that their free legs 27 come to the side mounting rails 2a, 2b to the plant. The side portions of the support rails 2a, 2b are arranged on a here consisting of screws 18, cooperating with the free legs 26, acting in the housing 6 adjustment in the supporting direction (z-direction) adjustable. The side portions 7 of the housing 6 have additional milled grooves or notches, which are not simply rectangular, but additionally each form a groove 19 in which outwardly offset end portions 28 of the support rails 2a, 2b can engage respectively. Next recordings are additionally provided for existing from the screws 18 adjustment.

The fixed to the support carriage 4 rows of magnets 1e, 1f are provided as a guide member 3 rotatably mounted rollers 20 which are fixed to the support carriage 4 and act against the side portions 7 of the housing 6 in the horizontal direction with a certain distance within the lateral support rails 2a, 2b , which together with the support rail 14 form the support element, positively guided, while they are freely displaceable in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel of the door leaf 5. As a result of the symmetry thus imposed, the transverse forces acting on the magnets 1e, 1f in accordance with the first preferred embodiment of the invention largely cancel each other out. The support properties in the vertical direction correspond in principle to those of the first preferred embodiment of the invention.

The FIG. 6 shows a cross section of a third, non-inventive embodiment of a magnetic support device of a sliding door, in which a portable magnet array 1 is attached to a support carriage 4, wherein in addition to the magnetic series 1 magnet coils 17 of a linear drive, as in the FIG. 5 , are arranged.

In contrast to the previously described first embodiment of the magnetic support device, the U-shaped housing 6, in contrast, does not have only the bottom 16 and two side areas 8, 9 perpendicular to it, wherein Support rails 2c, 2d are arranged in the edges formed between the bottom 16 and the respective side regions 8, 9, but has over the above-described embodiment a reinforced side region 9, which has a milled recess or indentation 29 at one edge with the bottom region 16 a magnetic field guide rail 25 receives, so that it is held by the housing 6 at least in the supporting direction (positive z-direction). The coils 17 of the linear drive are arranged between the magnetic field guide rail 25 and the magnetic row 1, fixedly connected to the housing 6. On the other side of the magnet row 1, a support rail 2a adjustable in the vertical direction (z-direction) is arranged. The one support rail 2a is preferably aligned with the coils 17 of the linear drive and the magnet array 1, that in addition to the support properties, a magnetic field closure of the coil 17 is achieved. In addition, a receptacle for the adjusting means consisting of screws 18 is additionally provided which keeps the mounting rail 2a so adjustable in the supporting direction (z-direction) that the particular gap-shaped spacing between this mounting rail 2a and the magnet row 1 is maintained.

The eccentrically mounted on the support carriage 4 magnetic row 1 is provided by guide elements 3 as rotatable rollers 20 which are fixed to the support carriage 4 and act against the side portions 8, 9, in the horizontal direction with fixed distances to the support rails 2a, 25, the Form support member and the linear drive 17 forcibly guided, while they are freely displaceable in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel of the door leaf 5. As a result of the magnetic symmetry thus imposed, the transverse forces acting on the magnets 1 largely cancel each other according to the first embodiment. The carrying properties in the vertical direction correspond in principle to those of the first embodiment. The FIG. 7 shows a cross section of a fourth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support means according to the invention of the sliding door according to the invention, with respect to in the FIG. 5 shown second preferred embodiment of the inventive magnetic support means of the sliding door according to the invention is modified to the effect that an additional, z. B consisting of rollers guide element 21, is provided which limits a position of the support carriage 4 in the negative z-direction, thus preventing the lifting of the carried load of the door leaf 5 above a certain height. The guide element 21 acts against a provided on the underside of side portions 10, 11 of the housing 6, ie its the load 5 side facing provided tread 30, which is exemplified by a paragraph 22 so that the additional guide element 21 formed from rollers of the Page is not visible. Thus, in addition to the inventive adjustment of the load capacity, a malfunction of the carrying device according to the invention can be prevented in the case of a load which is too light in relation to the design of the carrying forces.

The FIG. 8 shows a cross section of a fifth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention of the sliding door according to the invention, with respect to those in the FIG. 7 shown fourth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention of the sliding door according to the invention is modified so that the additional consisting of rollers guide member 21 also limits a position of the support carriage 4 in the positive z-direction, thus preventing the lowering of the carried load 5 below a certain height. The guide element 21 then acts in total against two provided at the free ends of the side regions 10, 11 of the housing 6 treads 31, which are formed here by way of example each provided in the side regions 10,11 of the housing groove 23. Thus, in addition to the inventive adjustment of the load capacity, a malfunction of the carrying device according to the invention can be prevented in the case of a load which is too light or too heavy with regard to the design of the carrying forces. The FIG. 9 shows a cross section of a sixth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support means according to the invention of the sliding door according to the invention, with respect to in the FIG. 6 shown third preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention is modified such that the support rail 2a and the Magnetfeldleiterschiene 25 are replaced by a U-shaped support rail 13 and a Z-shaped support rail 24. The U-shaped mounting rail 13 lays with its base on the bottom 16 of the housing 6, wherein a leg bears against a side region 8 and a leg 32 projects freely into the housing 6 and simultaneously comes into contact with the mounting rail 24 (abuts) , In order to comply with the particular gap-shaped distance to the magnet array 1, is additionally provided with a in the support direction (in the z direction) via an existing screw 18 adjusting device for the support rail 24. The adjustable support rail 24 has an end face 33, which adheres to the predetermined distance to the magnet array in the transverse direction of force (in the y-direction). Thus, the end of this side area is adjustable in the supporting direction, whereby the load capacity can be adjusted. Furthermore, at least one guide element 21 is also provided in this embodiment, which acts in the embodiment against the side region 12 of the housing 6.

The FIG. 10 shows a cross section of a seventh preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention of the sliding door according to the invention, with respect to in the FIG. 9 shown sixth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention in the first alternative of the sliding door according to the invention is modified to the effect that a symmetrical in the lateral direction of force structure is achieved. These are similar to those in the FIG. 5 shown second preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention, two rows of magnets 1e, 1f provided, between which the magnetic coils 17 of a linear motor are arranged, wherein both end portions of the U-shaped support rail 14 according to the FIG. 9 shown sixth preferred embodiment of the magnetic support device according to the invention are adjustable.

In all the preferred embodiments of the invention, a plurality of the magnet array (s) and support member shown and described interacting with each other, ie support rail (s), may be arranged in parallel. Next, other arrangements and configurations are conceivable, for. B. a support rail as a support element, at the two side regions of two rows of magnets are arranged, that is one magnet row next to each side area.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

magnet row

1a

magnet

1b

magnet

1c

magnet

1d

magnet

1e

magnet

1f

magnet

2

supporting member

2a-f

rail

3

guide element

3c

Raceway (guiding element)

3d, 3f

roll

3e

sliding

4, 4a, 4b

support carriage

5

door

6

casing

6a, 6b

projections

7

page range

8th

page range

9

page range

10

page range

11

page range

12

page range

13

rail

14

rail

15

milled

16

ground

17

solenoids

18

screw

19

groove

20

roll

21

guide element

22

paragraph

23

groove

24

rail

24 '

page range

25

Magnetfeldleitschiene

26

free thigh

27

free thigh

28

end regions

29

notch

30

tread

31

tread

32

leg

33

face

39

notch

40

fastener

41

solenoids

42

notches

43

notches

44

ground

45

screw

46

groove

47

end regions

48

supporting member

49

floor area

R

radius

A

distance

z

direction

x

direction

y

direction

F _(Z)

Capacity

F _g

weight force

F _(y)

lateral force

z-axis

vertical center axis

y-axis

transversely

X axis

movement direction

Claims (12)

1. A sliding door with a magnetic carrying device for at least one door leaf, the carrying device comprises at least one row of magnets (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f), at least one soft-magnetic or hard-magnetic carrying element (2), in the form of at least one carrying rail (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 13, 14, 24), is in an attracting action of forces with at least one of the at least one row of magnets (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f), a guiding element (3), which guarantees a predetermined gap-shaped distance in the horizontal direction between the at least one row of magnets (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) and the carrying rail (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 13, 14, 24),
   characterized in that the carrying device includes a vertically acting carrying force setting device, and the vertically acting carrying force setting device comprises an adjustment device, by means of which the carrying element or parts of the carrying element (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 13, 14, 24) are adjustable in a direction vertical to the predetermined distance, such that the predetermined distance between the at least one row of magnets (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) and the carrying rail (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 13, 14, 24) remains constant when being adjusted,
   wherein each carrying element (2) includes a U-shaped carrying rail (2a, 2b, 13, 14) including a bottom area and two lateral areas, wherein the bottom area connecting the two lateral areas is disposed to be fixed and/or adjustable, and one row of magnets (1) of the at least one row of magnets is guided at least partially within the U-shaped carrying rail (2a, 2b, 13, 14), in a way that one inner surface of at least one lateral area, which is adjustable with regard to the bottom area or an angled terminal area, extending parallel to the bottom area, of the at least one adjustable lateral area is disposed with the predetermined distance to a first side of the row of magnets (1), which extends parallel to the inner surface of the at least one adjustable lateral area or to a frontal face extending vertically to the bottom area of the terminal area.
2. The sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that one inner surface of the other lateral area or an angled terminal area, which extends parallel to the floor area, of the other lateral area is disposed to be adjustable with the same or with a different predetermined gap-shaped distance to second side of the row of magnets (1) disposed opposite the first side of the row of magnets (1) or to another row of magnets of the at least one row of magnets (1).
3. The sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that each carrying element (2) includes two carrying rails (2a, 2b), at least one carrying rail (2a) being disposed with a certain distance to be adjustable in relation to a first side of one row of magnets (1) of the at least one row of magnets (1) and the other carrying rail (2b) being disposed with the same or another predetermined gap-shaped distance in relation to a second side of the row of magnets (1) opposite the first side of the row of magnets (1) or of another row of magnets of the at least one row of magnets.
4. The sliding door according to any of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one row of magnets (1) is attached in an adjustable manner to a carrying carriage (4, 4a, 4b), which carries a carrying load.
5. The sliding door according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrying element (2d, 13, 14) is disposed to be stationary and the at least one row of magnets (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) is disposed to be non-stationary.
6. The sliding door according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one row of magnets (1) consists of individual permanent magnets (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1 e, 1f).
7. The sliding door according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one row of magnets (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f) is magnetized transversely to the carrying direction (z).
8. The sliding door according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a magnetization of the at least one row of magnets (1) changes the sign at certain intervals in a longitudinal direction (x) of the at least one row of magnets (1).
9. The sliding door according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrying element (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 13,1 4, 24) is soft magnetic.
10. The sliding door according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guiding element (3) comprises rollers, rolling and/or sliding members.
11. The sliding door according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one row of magnets (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1 e, 1f) consists of one or more high energy magnets, preferably of rare earth high energy magnets, more preferably of the type NeFeB or Sm2Co.
12. The sliding door according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding door is configured as an arched sliding door or as a horizontal sliding wall.

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