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EP1623548A1 - Signalisation pour l'allocation de bits dans un reseau local sans fil - Google Patents

Signalisation pour l'allocation de bits dans un reseau local sans fil

Info

Publication number
EP1623548A1
EP1623548A1 EP04732121A EP04732121A EP1623548A1 EP 1623548 A1 EP1623548 A1 EP 1623548A1 EP 04732121 A EP04732121 A EP 04732121A EP 04732121 A EP04732121 A EP 04732121A EP 1623548 A1 EP1623548 A1 EP 1623548A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
receiver
transmitter
ieee
standard
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04732121A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Edgar Bolinth
Ludger Marwitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP04732121A priority Critical patent/EP1623548A1/fr
Publication of EP1623548A1 publication Critical patent/EP1623548A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044—Allocation of payload; Allocation of data channels, e.g. PDSCH or PUSCH
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for data transmission in a communication system with centrally or decentrally organized access to the transmission medium using a plurality of transmission modes.
  • the present invention relates to a signaling scheme for adaptive modulation in a CSMA / CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Avoidance) based access system.
  • CSMA / CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Avoidance
  • a major problem with mobile radio transmission is the frequency selectivity of the mobile radio channels.
  • the frequency selectivity caused by multipath propagation with large transit time differences, causes strong linear distortions of the received signal, which require the use of complex equalizers or Viterbi detection.
  • a suitable means of counteracting the disadvantages of frequency-selective channels is so-called adaptive modulation (AM), which is described in more detail below.
  • AM adaptive modulation
  • Adaptive modulation is used in OFDM systems (Orthogonal Frequency Devision Multiplexing) to reduce the disadvantages of frequency-selective fading channels. It also improves data throughput and range.
  • the data are transmitted via individual subcarriers.
  • the principle of adaptive modulation is briefly explained below.
  • the transmitter transmits data to a receiver via the radio channel.
  • the data to be sent are first encoded by an encoder and interleaved by an interleaver.
  • the data is then modulated with different modulation values depending on the channel properties. Suitable modulation alphabets / procedures for this are e.g. B. the known amplitude / phase shift keying
  • the respective subcarrier is to be modulated with a high number of bits, while with a low signal / noise ratio a small number of bits is sufficient.
  • the signal / noise ratio is usually estimated in the receiver and converted into a so-called bit loading table for the individual subcarriers.
  • bit loading table can contain information about the signal / noise ratio or alternatively the requested modulation value for each individual subcarrier. This bit loading table is transmitted to the transmitter so that it can control a demultiplexer DEMUX and a multiplexer MUX for the adaptive modulation accordingly.
  • the demultiplexer DEMUX directs the bit stream obtained from the interleaver to the modulator MODi, ..., MOD n-1 , M0D n assigned to a particular modulation value.
  • the modulator MODi for example, a BPSK modulator and the modulator MOD n a 64 QAM modulator.
  • the pointers obtained after the respective modulation are then subjected to an inverse Fast Fourier Transformation IFFT by the multiplexer MUX, which is also controlled via the bit loading table. There the pointers are converted to the respective subcarrier for the transmission and then modulated up to the carrier frequency.
  • the data is obtained as a pointer from the individual subcarriers using a Fast Fourier transform.
  • a subsequent demultiplexer DEMUX assigns the data to the suitable demodulator in accordance with the bit loading table.
  • the bit stream obtained from the demodulator DEMOD], ..., DEM0D n - ⁇ , DEMOD is fed to a deinterleaver and channel decoder via a multiplexer MUX.
  • the desired bit loading table is to be transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver for the adaptive modulation.
  • the bit Loading tables typically have to be calculated in the receiver on the basis of RSSI (Radio Signal Strength Indication) or SNR (Signal to Noise / Interference Ratio) and transmitted to the transmitter.
  • RSSI Radio Signal Strength Indication
  • SNR Signal to Noise / Interference Ratio
  • the IEEE 802.11a standard specifies the medium access control (MAC) and physical characteristics for radio LAN systems.
  • MAC medium access control
  • a medium access control unit in accordance with this standard is intended to support the components of a physical layer depending on the availability of the spectrum with regard to their access authorization to the transmission medium.
  • the central and the decentralized access function In principle, two coordination options are available for access: the central and the decentralized access function.
  • the central access function Point Coordination Function, PCF
  • PCF Point Coordination Function
  • BSS Base Service Set
  • DCF distributed access coordination function
  • the same coordination function logic is active in every station or terminal in the terminal group as long as the network is in operation.
  • FIG. 1 shows the data frame structure for the data exchange of a decentralized access system (DCF) according to the DCF
  • Standard IEEE 802.11 With regard to the abbreviations and terms used in this document, reference is made to this standard.
  • the transmitter After a waiting period, the so-called DCF Interframe Space (DIFS), the transmitter transmits an RTS signal (Ready to Send) to the network.
  • the receiver After a short waiting period (Short Interframe Space, SIFS) the receiver sends the CTS signal (Clear to Send) with which it indicates that it is ready to receive.
  • SIFS Short Interframe Space
  • the transmitter sends the data to be transmitted to the network.
  • the recipient confirms receipt of the data with the confirmation message ACK (Acknowledge).
  • the waiting times SIFS and DIFS are 16 ⁇ s and 34 ⁇ s, respectively.
  • the vector NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • RTS or CTS signal which indicates how long a transmission to the radio medium (wireless medium) cannot be carried out by the respective station.
  • Access to the radio system is only possible once the waiting time DIFS has passed after the recipient's ACK confirmation.
  • the so-called “contention window” a random backoff time takes place to avoid collisions.
  • FIG. 2 shows the frame or data packet formats of the frames shown in FIG. 1.
  • the RTS frame contains the transmitter address TA (transmitter address) encoded with six octets.
  • the recipient address is likewise encoded with six octets in the CTS frame.
  • the data frame sent by the sender contains the destination address in the address block "Address 2".
  • the ACK frame returned by the recipient for confirmation in turn contains the recipient address RA (Receiver Address), so that the sender can clearly assign the confirmation.
  • RA Receiveiver Address
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method which ensures simple implementation of adaptive modulation.
  • the invention provides a method for data transmission in a communication system comprising a plurality of stations with organized access to a transmission medium using a plurality of transmission modes, by sending at least one pilot signal from the transmitter to the receiver, the transmitter being understood as a station which represents the source of a current transmission and a receiver is to be understood as a station which represents the sink of a transmission, so that, according to the invention, each station can be, depending on the current status, sender or receiver and must therefore be able to implement the invention To be able to perform steps for both roles.
  • the assignment table / loading table relating to the transmission modes is also calculated by the receiver based on the received pilot signals, the assignment table is sent from the receiver to the transmitter and the data signals are sent using one of the transmission modes according to the assignment table from the transmitter to Receiver or from receiver to transmitter.
  • Adaptive modulation can thus also be implemented in multiple access systems, for example the CSMA system (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) on the basis of the bit loading
  • CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access
  • bit loading signaling schemes are applied. For adaptive modulation, however, it is imperative that the desired bit loading tables are correctly transmitted from the receiver to the transmitter. If this is not the case, serious disturbances can occur.
  • the use of the bit loading signaling scheme enables the transmission of adaptively modulated data packets, which is less susceptible to packet errors due to the adaptive modulation.
  • the proposed solution to a CSMA / CA (Collision Avoidance) scheme with decentralized can be used particularly advantageously Use access in which the RTS signals (Ready to Send), CTS signals (Clear to Send) and NAV (Network Allocation Vector) are used to reserve the common medium for data transmission and, if necessary, the confirmation message ACK (Acknowledge) Confirmation of data receipt can be used.
  • RTS signals Ready to Send
  • CTS signals Clear to Send
  • NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • ACK Acknowledge
  • adaptive modulation for an OFDM system (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) or an MC / CDMA system (Multi Carrier Code Division Multiple Access) based on CSMA / CA access can be applied at a basic level.
  • pilots can be sent to calculate bit loading tables in the RTS signal for decentralized access.
  • the transmitter inquires in the RTS signal from the receiver whether it is capable of adaptive modulation and possibly of performing additional functions within the physical layer, the so-called PHY extensions.
  • the receiver asks the transmitter in the CTS signal about the feasibility of adaptive modulation and possibly further PHY extensions.
  • the receiver can send the assignment table or bit loading table calculated on the basis of the pilots to the transmitter in the CTS signal.
  • each terminal can be both a transmitter and a receiver.
  • each terminal can be both a transmitter and a receiver.
  • it seems sensible to transfer the bit loading table using two OFDM data symbols, each of which consists of 24 data bits (or 48 code bits each coded at a rate R 0.5). Confirmation of the use of a specific PHY extension can be made in the receiver's CTS signal.
  • the data transmission should take place with a fixed modulation scheme as long as there is no current bit loading table at the transmitter or receiver.
  • Both systems, the system with decentralized access and the system with central access, can be nested in time so that the specific components can be used in parallel.
  • FIG. 2 shows the data packet structure for data exchange according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows the conventional modulation of OFDM subcarriers
  • FIG. 4 shows the adaptive modulation of OFDM subcarriers
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically the extension of the “Request To Send” (RTS) and “Clear To Send” (CTS) frame according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows the frame format of an RTS frame according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows the frame format according to the invention of a CTS frame
  • FIG. 8 shows an exemplary embodiment of a list (table) with assignments for coding or modulation, as results from the method according to the invention, each assignment defining coding and modulation which is used for a specific subcarrier.
  • FIG. 9 one that can be achieved with the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 10 one that can be achieved with the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 11 shows a comparison between conventional and adaptive modulation based on the speed of a moving mobile station of the communication system.
  • a small extension as shown in Fig. 5 in the RTS / CTS frames is to at least a part of a posible solution for implementing a signaling method within a Communications System using adaptive modulation.
  • Figure 6 shows a RTS frame expanded according to the invention in a detailed representation.
  • the expansion according to the invention can be carried out by occupying unused bit combinations of the frame, for example the "subtype" field, in order to signal within the RTS frame that a station (terminal) is capable of adaptive modulation apply. In the example shown, this is done by the unused bit combination 0011 in the "subtype" field, which can be transmitted.
  • a station that serves as a sink for the transmission measures the subcarriers of the RTS frame and responds with a resulting bit loading table.
  • This table which is to be used for the adaptive modulation, is then transferred within a CTS frame to the source of the transmission, i.e. the above-mentioned station initiating the transmission.
  • This sequence can be seen in FIG. 7, the “source station” subsequently modulating data transmitted by it in accordance with the bit loading table.
  • adaptive modulation exceeds the conventional (fixed) modulation at pedestrian speeds, while this is reversed at speeds greater than or equal to 15 km / h.
  • the advantageous use of adaptive modulation can be significantly increased in throughput and rate by the RTS / CTS according to the invention, the procedure according to the invention additionally being characterized by its simplicity in implementation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, il est prévu que lors d'un accès organisé de manière décentralisée et centralisée à un support de transmission, de préférence un système IEEE 802.11, des signaux pilotes soient envoyés par l'émetteur ou récepteur et que des tables d'allocation soient ensuite calculées par le récepteur, sur la base des symboles pilotes reçus. La table d'allocation est ensuite transmise au récepteur par l'émetteur, de sorte que l'échange de données subséquent puisse s'effectuer sur la base de cette table d'allocation.
EP04732121A 2003-05-12 2004-05-11 Signalisation pour l'allocation de bits dans un reseau local sans fil Withdrawn EP1623548A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04732121A EP1623548A1 (fr) 2003-05-12 2004-05-11 Signalisation pour l'allocation de bits dans un reseau local sans fil

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03010624 2003-05-12
EP04732121A EP1623548A1 (fr) 2003-05-12 2004-05-11 Signalisation pour l'allocation de bits dans un reseau local sans fil
PCT/EP2004/050761 WO2004100480A1 (fr) 2003-05-12 2004-05-11 Signalisation d'allocation de bits dans un reseau local d'entreprise

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1623548A1 true EP1623548A1 (fr) 2006-02-08

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP04732121A Withdrawn EP1623548A1 (fr) 2003-05-12 2004-05-11 Signalisation pour l'allocation de bits dans un reseau local sans fil

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20070025317A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1623548A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1788479A (fr)
WO (1) WO2004100480A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070025317A1 (en) 2007-02-01
CN1788479A (zh) 2006-06-14
WO2004100480A1 (fr) 2004-11-18

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