EP1604163A1 - Heat exchanger, particularly exhaust gas cooler for motor vehicles - Google Patents
Heat exchanger, particularly exhaust gas cooler for motor vehiclesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1604163A1 EP1604163A1 EP03767527A EP03767527A EP1604163A1 EP 1604163 A1 EP1604163 A1 EP 1604163A1 EP 03767527 A EP03767527 A EP 03767527A EP 03767527 A EP03767527 A EP 03767527A EP 1604163 A1 EP1604163 A1 EP 1604163A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coolant
- heat exchanger
- channels
- exhaust gas
- exchanger according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
- F28D2021/0082—Charged air coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2220/00—Closure means, e.g. end caps on header boxes or plugs on conduits
Definitions
- Heat exchangers in particular exhaust gas coolers for motor vehicles
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a charge air or exhaust gas cooler for motor vehicles according to the preamble of patent claim 1, known from DE-A 199 07 163 by the applicant.
- a welded exhaust gas heat exchanger with a tube bundle of rectangular tubes is known, through which the exhaust gas flows on the inside and the coolant on the outside.
- the tube bundle is connected via tube sheets to a housing which has coolant connections.
- the exhaust gas enters the tube bundle via an inlet diffuser and leaves the heat exchanger via an outlet diffuser.
- tube bundle heat exchanger in a soldered round tube construction, was known from WO 00/26514.
- tube bundle systems of this type have potential in terms of their power density, in particular in comparison to plate systems.
- DE-A 198 33 338 and DE-A 198 46 518 have made known plate-type exhaust gas heat exchangers in which the flow channels for the exhaust gas and the coolant are formed from the same or different types of heat exchanger plates. These known exhaust gas heat exchangers are characterized by a large number of individual parts and have the disadvantage that the heat exchanger plates sometimes have complicated plate shapes that cause high tool costs.
- DE-A 195 11 991 made known to the applicant a plate-type heat exchanger in stacked construction, the flow channels of which have different flow channel heights because of the different heat exchange media.
- This known heat exchanger with stacked disks is intended in particular for the cooling of charge air or exhaust gas by the coolant of the internal combustion engine.
- this heat exchanger has an increased pressure loss due to the 90 degree deflections of gas and coolant.
- the flow channels for both the gas, in particular the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine or the charge air for the internal combustion engine and for the coolant are formed by a meandering, wave-shaped or trapezoidal shaped metal strip and formed by the housing. Housing and metal band form a soldered block with separate flow channels.
- the simple construction is advantageous here, since special plates do not have to be manufactured, stacked and soldered to each flow channel, be it for the gas or for the coolant.
- the cross section of the flow channels can be made variable, for. B. rectangular, trapezoidal, wavy or the like. Gas and coolant channels are located directly next to each other, so that efficient heat transfer between the two media can take place. The number of individual parts for the heat exchanger according to the invention is considerably reduced.
- the coolant channels are front-end through a comb-shaped tube sheet locked.
- the tube sheet has individual tines or dividers that are inserted into the open sides of the meander profile and then soldered.
- the coolant side is thus sealed off from the gas side. This simplifies assembly and lowers manufacturing costs, since no tube ends of a tube bundle have to be inserted into a tube sheet and welded or soldered in.
- the flow channels are approximately rectangular, the cross-section for the gas channels preferably being larger.
- the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the flow channels results in a compact, pressure-resistant and largely vibration-free heat exchanger block.
- the soldering of the comb-like tube sheet to the meander profile, d. H. Closing the coolant channels at the front is particularly easy and safe due to the rectangular profile.
- the rectangular flow channels are particularly suitable for receiving turbulence inserts (see below).
- the housing is composed of a U-profile and an end plate or of two U-profiles which enclose the meandering profile. This allows easy assembly and reliable soldering.
- a distributor and a collecting channel for the coolant are arranged on the housing and the end plate, respectively, which extend transversely to the coolant channels. This results in a uniform distribution of the coolant over all coolant channels and thus a uniform cooling of the exhaust gas. It is also advantageous here if the distribution or collecting channels are formed directly from the end plate or the U-profile.
- turbulence inserts are arranged in the coolant channels and / or gas channels in order to improve the heat transfer and - due to the soldering - also the pressure and Vibration resistance of the entire heat exchanger (the turbulence inserts or ribs act as tie rods).
- FIG. 2a a folded metal strip with flow channels
- FIG. 3 the heat exchanger without a housing
- Fig. 4 is an exhaust gas cooler with a modified housing shape
- Fig. 4a the exhaust gas cooler without a diffuser.
- Fig. 1 shows an exhaust gas cooler 1 in a simplified representation with a diffuser 2 for the entry of the exhaust gas, which is indicated by an arrow A.
- the exhaust gas cooler 1 has an approximately cuboid housing 3 with an upper side 3a, where a coolant distribution channel 4 and a coolant collection channel 5 are arranged, on which coolant connections 4a, 5a are located.
- the coolant for cooling the exhaust gas thus enters the exhaust gas cooler 1 via the coolant connection 4a and leaves it via the coolant connection 5a, the coolant being identified by arrows K.
- An outlet diffuser, via which the exhaust gas leaves the exhaust gas cooler 1, is not shown here.
- Such an exhaust gas cooler is used in particular in motor vehicles with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR).
- EGR exhaust gas recirculation
- FIG. 2 shows the heat exchanger according to FIG. 1 with its individual parts in an exploded view.
- the same reference numbers are used for the same parts.
- the diffuser 2 is displaced counter to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and the housing 3 with the distribution and collection channels 4, 5 for the coolant is lifted off.
- a heat exchanger block 6 can be seen, which consists of a metal band 7 folded in a meandering shape. This meandering profile 7 forms flow channels 8 for the exhaust gas and flow channels 9 for the coolant.
- the flow channels 9 for the coolant are open to the upper side of the block 6, the flow channels for the exhaust gas to the lower side of the block 6.
- Turbulence inserts 10, 11, which protrude beyond block 6 for visualization, are inserted into flow channels 8, 9, each of which has a rectangular cross section.
- two tube plates 12, 13 can be seen, which are comb-like and have individual prongs 14, 15 or separating webs. The latter are pushed (in the drawing) from top to bottom into the flow channels 9, which are open at the top, ie the coolant channels, so that they completely close off their cross-section at the end.
- the housing 3 is pushed over the heat exchanger block 6, so that the distributor and collecting channels 4, 5 extend across the coolant channels.
- the area of the coolant channels 9 located between the coolant channels 4, 5 is covered and closed by the upper side 3a of the housing.
- Fig. 2a shows the meandering folded metal band 7 as an individual part. Due to the angular folding or folding of the metal strip, rectangular flow cross sections are formed for the flow channels 8, 9, each having the same length I. However, the width is different: the exhaust gas channels 8 have a width b1 that is greater than the width b2 of the coolant channels 9.
- FIG. 3 shows the exhaust gas cooler 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, but without the housing 3 and without the diffuser 2, ie the heat exchanger block 6.
- the same reference numbers are used for the same parts.
- the separating webs 14 simultaneously close the coolant channels 9 at the end.
- the coolant flows in the illustrated embodiment in cocurrent with the exhaust gas, ie the coolant first enters the distribution channel 4 and is distributed there across the coolant channels 9, then flows through the coolant channels 9 in the direction of the exhaust gas flow and then reaches the collecting duct 5, from where the coolant leaves the exhaust gas cooler 1 again.
- a counterflow with reverse flow direction of the coolant is also possible.
- the exhaust gas cooler 1 described above is preferably made of stainless steel.
- the heat exchanger 1 can also be used as a charge air cooler for cooling the combustion air of internal combustion engines - it is then preferably made from an aluminum alloy.
- Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of an exhaust gas cooler 16 with a modified housing shape, which consists of two U-profiles 17, 18. Both U-profiles 17, 18 are connected laterally with longitudinal seams, of which the front longitudinal seam 19 is visible. At the end, the exhaust gas cooler 16 has an exhaust gas inlet connection, ie. H. a diffuser 20.
- the upper U-profile 17 has a transverse distribution channel 21 with a coolant inlet connection 22 and a likewise transverse collection channel 23 with a coolant outlet connection 24. Both channels 21, 23 can be formed from the sheet of the U-section 17.
- FIG. 4a shows the exhaust gas cooler 16 without the diffuser 20, ie with an end face 25 for the entry of the exhaust gas, which is identified by an arrow A.
- the end face 25 has - similar to the previous embodiment - on exhaust gas passages 27, which - are open downwards - as viewed in the drawing ⁇ .
- the coolant channels 26, which are closed at the end, are open at the top and are thus connected to the distributor channel 21. The coolant is thus first distributed in width across all coolant channels 26 and then flows through the exhaust gas cooler 16 in the longitudinal direction until it emerges again via the collecting channel 23.
- the two housing halves 17, 18 are clearly recognizable here as U-profiles.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat exchanger, especially a charge air cooler or exhaust gas cooler for motor vehicles, comprising flow ducts for a gas that is to be cooled and a coolant, said flow ducts being arranged in a housing (3). The flow ducts for the gas are directed through tube bottoms into an inlet diffuser and an outlet diffuser (2) while the coolant is directed through the housing (3) via coolant connections (4a, 4b). The inventive flow ducts for the gas (8) and the coolant (9) are formed by a metal strip that is reshaped in a meandering manner and the housing (3), which are integrally bonded.
Description
Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere Abgaskühler für Kraftfahrzeuge Heat exchangers, in particular exhaust gas coolers for motor vehicles
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere einen Ladeluftoder Abgaskühler für Kraftfahrzeuge nach dem Oberbegriff des Patent- anspruches 1 , bekannt durch die DE-A 199 07 163 der Anmelderin.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a charge air or exhaust gas cooler for motor vehicles according to the preamble of patent claim 1, known from DE-A 199 07 163 by the applicant.
Durch die DE-A 199 97 163 der Anmelderin wurde ein geschweißter Abgaswärmeübertrager mit einem Rohrbündel von Rechteckrohren bekannt, die innen vom Abgas durchströmt und außen vom Kühlmittel umströmt sind. Das Rohrbündel ist über Rohrböden mit einem Gehäuse verbunden, welches Kühlmittelanschlüsse aufweist. Das Abgas tritt über einen Eintrittsdiffusor in das Rohrbündel ein und verlässt den Wärmeübertrager über einen Austrittsdiffusor. Diese Bauweise ist insbesondere wegen der angewandten Schweißtechnik (Laserstrahlschweißen) relativ aufwendig.From DE-A 199 97 163 of the applicant, a welded exhaust gas heat exchanger with a tube bundle of rectangular tubes is known, through which the exhaust gas flows on the inside and the coolant on the outside. The tube bundle is connected via tube sheets to a housing which has coolant connections. The exhaust gas enters the tube bundle via an inlet diffuser and leaves the heat exchanger via an outlet diffuser. This design is relatively complex, in particular because of the welding technology used (laser beam welding).
Ein ähnlicher Rohrbündelwärmeübertrager, allerdings in gelöteter Rundrohrbauweise wurde durch die WO 00/26514 bekannt. Derartige Rohrbündelsysteme weisen jedoch bezüglich ihrer Leistungsdichte Potenziale auf, insbesondere im Vergleich zu Plattensystemen.A similar tube bundle heat exchanger, but in a soldered round tube construction, was known from WO 00/26514. However, tube bundle systems of this type have potential in terms of their power density, in particular in comparison to plate systems.
Durch die DE-A 198 33 338 und die DE-A 198 46 518 wurden Abgaswärmeübertrager in Plattenbauweise bekannt, bei welchen die Strömungskanäle für das Abgas und das Kühlmittel aus gleichen oder verschiedenen Typen von Wärmetauscherplatten gebildet sind. Diese bekannten Abgaswärme- Übertrager sind durch eine Vielzahl von Einzelteilen gekennzeichnet und
haben den Nachteil, dass die Wärmetauscherplatten teilweise komplizierte Plattenformen aufweisen, die hohe Werkzeugkosten verursachen.DE-A 198 33 338 and DE-A 198 46 518 have made known plate-type exhaust gas heat exchangers in which the flow channels for the exhaust gas and the coolant are formed from the same or different types of heat exchanger plates. These known exhaust gas heat exchangers are characterized by a large number of individual parts and have the disadvantage that the heat exchanger plates sometimes have complicated plate shapes that cause high tool costs.
Schließlich wurde durch die DE-A 195 11 991 der Anmelderin ein Platten- Wärmeübertrager in Stapelbauweise bekannt, dessen Strömungskanäle wegen der unterschiedlichen Wärmetauschmedien unterschiedliche Strömungskanalhöhen aufweisen. Dieser bekannte Wärmeübertrager mit Stapelscheiben ist insbesondere für die Kühlung von Ladeluft oder Abgas durch das Kühlmittel der Brennkraftmaschine bestimmt. Allerdings weist dieser Wärmeübertrager infolge der 90-Grad-Umlenkungen von Gas und Kühlmittel einen erhöhten Druckverlust auf.Finally, DE-A 195 11 991 made known to the applicant a plate-type heat exchanger in stacked construction, the flow channels of which have different flow channel heights because of the different heat exchange media. This known heat exchanger with stacked disks is intended in particular for the cooling of charge air or exhaust gas by the coolant of the internal combustion engine. However, this heat exchanger has an increased pressure loss due to the 90 degree deflections of gas and coolant.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Wärmeübertrager der ein- gangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass er möglichst einfach und mit geringen Kosten, insbesondere verminderter Teilezahl hergestellt werden kann.It is an object of the present invention to improve a heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be produced as simply as possible and with low costs, in particular a reduced number of parts.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. Erfindungsgemäß werden die Strömungskanäle sowohl für das Gas, insbesondere das Abgas einer Brennkraftmaschine oder die Ladeluft für die Brennkraftmaschine als auch für das Kühlmittel durch ein mäander-, wellen- oder trapezförmig umgeformtes Metallband und durch das Gehäuse gebildet. Gehäuse und Metallband bilden einen gelöteten Block mit von einander getrennten Strömungskanälen. Vorteilhaft hierbei ist der einfache Aufbau, da nicht für jeden Strömungskanal, sei es für das Gas oder sei es für das Kühlmittel besondere Platten hergestellt, gestapelt und miteinander verlötet werden müssen. Vorteilhaft ist ferner, dass der Querschnitt der Strömungskanäle variabel gestaltet werden kann, z. B. rechteckförmig, trapezförmig, wellenförmig oder dergleichen. Gas- und Kühlmittelkanäle liegen dabei unmittelbar nebeneinander, sodass eine effiziente Wärmeübertragung zwischen beiden Medien erfolgen kann. Die Zahl der Einzelteile für den erfindungsgemäßen Wärmeübertrager ist erheblich reduziert.The solution of this problem results from the features of claim 1. According to the invention, the flow channels for both the gas, in particular the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine or the charge air for the internal combustion engine and for the coolant are formed by a meandering, wave-shaped or trapezoidal shaped metal strip and formed by the housing. Housing and metal band form a soldered block with separate flow channels. The simple construction is advantageous here, since special plates do not have to be manufactured, stacked and soldered to each flow channel, be it for the gas or for the coolant. It is also advantageous that the cross section of the flow channels can be made variable, for. B. rectangular, trapezoidal, wavy or the like. Gas and coolant channels are located directly next to each other, so that efficient heat transfer between the two media can take place. The number of individual parts for the heat exchanger according to the invention is considerably reduced.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung werden die Kühl- mittelkanäle stirnseitig durch einen kammförmig ausgebildeten Rohrboden
verschlossen. Der Rohrboden weist einzelne Zinken oder Trennstege auf, die in die offenen Seiten des Mäanderprofils eingeschoben und anschlies- send verlötet werden. Somit ist die Kühlmittelseite gegenüber der Gasseite abgedichtet. Dies vereinfacht die Montage und senkt die Herstellungskosten, da keine Rohrenden eines Rohrbündels in einen Rohrboden eingeführt und eingeschweißt oder eingelötet werden müssen.According to an advantageous development of the invention, the coolant channels are front-end through a comb-shaped tube sheet locked. The tube sheet has individual tines or dividers that are inserted into the open sides of the meander profile and then soldered. The coolant side is thus sealed off from the gas side. This simplifies assembly and lowers manufacturing costs, since no tube ends of a tube bundle have to be inserted into a tube sheet and welded or soldered in.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Strömungskanäle etwa rechteckförmig ausgebildet, wobei der Querschnitt für die Gaskanäle vorzugsweise größer gewählt ist. Durch die rechteckige Querschnittsform der Strömungskanäle ergibt sich ein kompakter, druckfester und weitestgehend vibrationsfreier Wärmeübertragerblock. Auch die Verlötung des kammartigen Rohrbodens mit dem Mäanderprofil, d. h. das stirnseitige Verschließen der Kühlmittelkanäle erfolgt aufgrund des Recht- eckprofils besonders einfach und sicher. Die rechteckförmigen Strömungskanäle sind insbesondere für die Aufnahme von Turbulenzeinlagen geeignet (s. u.).According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the flow channels are approximately rectangular, the cross-section for the gas channels preferably being larger. The rectangular cross-sectional shape of the flow channels results in a compact, pressure-resistant and largely vibration-free heat exchanger block. The soldering of the comb-like tube sheet to the meander profile, d. H. Closing the coolant channels at the front is particularly easy and safe due to the rectangular profile. The rectangular flow channels are particularly suitable for receiving turbulence inserts (see below).
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung setzt sich das Gehäuse aus einem U-Profil und einer Abschlussplatte oder aus zwei U-Profilen zusammen, die das Mäanderprofil umschließen. Dies erlaubt eine einfache Montage und sichere Verlötung.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the housing is composed of a U-profile and an end plate or of two U-profiles which enclose the meandering profile. This allows easy assembly and reliable soldering.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind am Gehäuse bzw. der Abschlussplatte je ein Verteiler- und ein Sammelkanal für das Kühlmittel angeordnet, die sich quer zu den Kühlmittelkanälen erstrecken. Damit ergibt sich für das Kühlmittel eine gleichmäßige Verteilung über alle Kühlmittelkanäle und damit eine gleichmäßige Kühlung des Abgases. Vorteilhaft hierbei ist auch, wenn die Verteil- bzw. Sammelkanäle direkt aus der Abschlussplatte oder dem U-Profil ausgeformt werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a distributor and a collecting channel for the coolant are arranged on the housing and the end plate, respectively, which extend transversely to the coolant channels. This results in a uniform distribution of the coolant over all coolant channels and thus a uniform cooling of the exhaust gas. It is also advantageous here if the distribution or collecting channels are formed directly from the end plate or the U-profile.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind in den Kühlmittelkanälen und/oder Gaskanälen Turbulenzeinlagen angeordnet, um die Wärmeübertragung zu verbessern und - infolge der Verlötung - auch die Druck- und
Schwingungsfestigkeit des gesamten Wärmeübertragers (die Turbulenzeinlagen bzw. Rippen wirken als Zuganker).In a further embodiment of the invention, turbulence inserts are arranged in the coolant channels and / or gas channels in order to improve the heat transfer and - due to the soldering - also the pressure and Vibration resistance of the entire heat exchanger (the turbulence inserts or ribs act as tie rods).
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigenAn embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below. Show it
Fig. 1 einen Wärmeübertrager als Abgaskühler,1 shows a heat exchanger as an exhaust gas cooler,
Fig. 2 den Wärmeübertrager in Explosivdarstellung,2 shows the heat exchanger in an exploded view,
Fig. 2a ein gefaltetes Metallband mit Strömungskanälen, Fig. 3 den Wärmeübertrager ohne Gehäuse,2a a folded metal strip with flow channels, FIG. 3 the heat exchanger without a housing,
Fig. 4 einen Abgaskühler mit abgeänderter Gehäuseform undFig. 4 is an exhaust gas cooler with a modified housing shape and
Fig. 4a den Abgaskühler ohne Diffusor.Fig. 4a the exhaust gas cooler without a diffuser.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Abgaskühler 1 in vereinfachter Darstellung mit einem Diffusor 2 für den Eintritt des Abgases, welches durch einen Pfeil A gekennzeichnet ist. Der Abgaskühler 1 weist ein etwa quaderförmiges Gehäuse 3 mit einer Oberseite 3a auf, wo ein Kühlmittelverteilerkanal 4 und ein Kühl- mittelsammelkanal 5 angeordnet sind, an welchen sich Kühlmittelanschlüsse 4a, 5a befinden. Das Kühlmittel zur Kühlung des Abgases tritt somit über den Kühlmittelanschluss 4a in den Abgaskühler 1 ein und verlässt diesen über den Kühlmittelanschluss 5a, wobei das Kühlmittel durch Pfeile K gekennzeichnet ist. Ein Austrittsdiffusor, über welchen das Abgas den Abgaskühler 1 verlässt, ist hier nicht dargestellt. Ein derartiger Abgaskühler kommt insbesondere bei Kraftfahrzeugen mit Abgasrückführung (AGR) zur Anwendung.Fig. 1 shows an exhaust gas cooler 1 in a simplified representation with a diffuser 2 for the entry of the exhaust gas, which is indicated by an arrow A. The exhaust gas cooler 1 has an approximately cuboid housing 3 with an upper side 3a, where a coolant distribution channel 4 and a coolant collection channel 5 are arranged, on which coolant connections 4a, 5a are located. The coolant for cooling the exhaust gas thus enters the exhaust gas cooler 1 via the coolant connection 4a and leaves it via the coolant connection 5a, the coolant being identified by arrows K. An outlet diffuser, via which the exhaust gas leaves the exhaust gas cooler 1, is not shown here. Such an exhaust gas cooler is used in particular in motor vehicles with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR).
Fig. 2 zeigt den Wärmeübertrager gemäß Fig. 1 mit seinen Einzelteilen in Explosivdarstellung. Für gleiche Teile sind gleiche Bezugszahlen verwendet. Der Diffusor 2 ist entgegen der Strömungsrichtung des Abgases verschoben, und das Gehäuse 3 mit den Verteil- und Sammelkanälen 4, 5 für das Kühlmittel ist nach oben abgehoben. Darunter ist ein Wärmeübertragerblock 6 erkennbar, der aus einem maanderformig gefalteten Metallband 7 besteht. Dieses Mäanderprofil 7 bildet einerseits Strömungskanäle 8 für das Abgas und andererseits Strömungskanäle 9 für das Kühlmittel aus.
Die Strömungskanäle 9 für das Kühlmittel sind zur oberen Seite des Blockes 6 offen, die Strömungskanäle für das Abgas zur unteren Seite des Blockes 6 offen. In die Strömungskanäle 8, 9, die jeweils einen rechteckförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen, werden Turbulenzeinlagen 10, 11 , die zur Sichtbar- machung über den Block 6 hinausstehen, eingeschoben. Oberhalb des Blockes 6 sind zwei Rohrböden 12, 13 erkennbar, die kammartig ausgebildet sind und einzelne Zinken 14, 15 bzw. Trennstege aufweisen. Letztere werden (in der Zeichnung) von oben nach unten in die nach oben offenen Strömungskanäle 9, d. h. die Kühlmittelkanäle eingeschoben, sodass sie deren Querschnitt stirnseitig vollständig verschließen. Nachdem die Rohrböden 12, 13 in die Kühlmittelkanäle 9 eingesetzt worden sind, wird das Gehäuse 3 über den Wärmeübertragerblock 6 geschoben, sodass sich die Verteiler- und Sammelkanäle 4, 5 quer über die Kühlmittelkanäle erstrecken. Der zwischen den Kühlmittelkanälen 4, 5 befindliche Bereich der Kühl- mittelkanäle 9 wird durch die Oberseite 3a des Gehäuses abgedeckt und verschlossen. Die untere - in der Zeichnung nicht sichtbare - Seite des Wärmetauscherblockes 6 wird durch eine nicht dargestellte Abschlussplatte verschlossen, die somit die Abgaskanäle 8 nach unten verschließt. Natürlich ist es auch möglich, die Abschlussplatte auf die Oberseite 3a zu verlegen und das Gehäuse 3 als einen nach oben offenen Kasten mit U-Profil auszubilden, der aus einer Unterseite 3b und zwei Seitenflächen 3c, 3d bestehen würde.FIG. 2 shows the heat exchanger according to FIG. 1 with its individual parts in an exploded view. The same reference numbers are used for the same parts. The diffuser 2 is displaced counter to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and the housing 3 with the distribution and collection channels 4, 5 for the coolant is lifted off. Below this, a heat exchanger block 6 can be seen, which consists of a metal band 7 folded in a meandering shape. This meandering profile 7 forms flow channels 8 for the exhaust gas and flow channels 9 for the coolant. The flow channels 9 for the coolant are open to the upper side of the block 6, the flow channels for the exhaust gas to the lower side of the block 6. Turbulence inserts 10, 11, which protrude beyond block 6 for visualization, are inserted into flow channels 8, 9, each of which has a rectangular cross section. Above block 6, two tube plates 12, 13 can be seen, which are comb-like and have individual prongs 14, 15 or separating webs. The latter are pushed (in the drawing) from top to bottom into the flow channels 9, which are open at the top, ie the coolant channels, so that they completely close off their cross-section at the end. After the tube sheets 12, 13 have been inserted into the coolant channels 9, the housing 3 is pushed over the heat exchanger block 6, so that the distributor and collecting channels 4, 5 extend across the coolant channels. The area of the coolant channels 9 located between the coolant channels 4, 5 is covered and closed by the upper side 3a of the housing. The lower - not visible in the drawing - side of the heat exchanger block 6 is closed by an end plate, not shown, which thus closes the exhaust channels 8 downwards. Of course, it is also possible to lay the end plate on top 3a and to form housing 3 as an upwardly open box with a U-profile, which would consist of a bottom 3b and two side surfaces 3c, 3d.
Fig. 2a zeigt das maanderformig gefaltete Metallband 7 als Einzelteil. Durch die jeweils winklige Faltung bzw. Abkantung des Metallbandes werden rechtwinklige Strömungsquerschnitte für die Strömungskanäle 8, 9 gebildet, die jeweils dieselbe Länge I aufweisen. Die Breite ist jedoch unterschiedlich: Die Abgaskanäle 8 weisen eine Breite b1 auf, die größer ist als die Breite b2 der Kühlmittelkanäle 9.Fig. 2a shows the meandering folded metal band 7 as an individual part. Due to the angular folding or folding of the metal strip, rectangular flow cross sections are formed for the flow channels 8, 9, each having the same length I. However, the width is different: the exhaust gas channels 8 have a width b1 that is greater than the width b2 of the coolant channels 9.
Fig. 3 zeigt den Abgaskühler 1 gemäß Fig. 1 und 2, jedoch ohne Gehäuse 3 und ohne Diffusor 2, d. h. den Wärmeübertragerblock 6. Auch hier werden für gleiche Teile gleiche Bezugszahlen verwendet. Man blickt in Strömungsrichtung A des Abgases (Fig. 1) auf die Stirnseite der Abgaskanäle 8, die durch die Trennstege bzw. Zinken 14 des kammartigen Rohrbodens 12 von-
einander getrennt sind. Die Trennstege 14 verschließen gleichzeitig die Kühlmittelkanäle 9 stirnseitig. In den Gaskanälen 8 befinden sich Turbulenzeinlagen 10. Die Strömung des Kühlmittels beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel erfolgt im Gleichstrom mit dem Abgas, d. h. das Kühlmittel tritt zunächst in den Verteilerkanal 4 ein und wird dort quer über die Kühlmittelkanäle 9 verteilt, durchströmt dann die Kühlmittelkanäle 9 in Richtung des Abgasstromes und erreicht dann den Sammelkanal 5, von wo aus das Kühlmittel den Abgaskühler 1 wieder verlässt. Ein Gegenstrom mit umgekehrter Strömungsrichtung des Kühlmittels ist ebenso möglich.3 shows the exhaust gas cooler 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, but without the housing 3 and without the diffuser 2, ie the heat exchanger block 6. Here too, the same reference numbers are used for the same parts. One looks in the flow direction A of the exhaust gas (FIG. 1) on the end face of the exhaust gas channels 8, which are separated by the separating webs or tines 14 of the comb-like tube sheet 12 are separated from each other. The separating webs 14 simultaneously close the coolant channels 9 at the end. In the gas channels 8 there are turbulence inserts 10. The coolant flows in the illustrated embodiment in cocurrent with the exhaust gas, ie the coolant first enters the distribution channel 4 and is distributed there across the coolant channels 9, then flows through the coolant channels 9 in the direction of the exhaust gas flow and then reaches the collecting duct 5, from where the coolant leaves the exhaust gas cooler 1 again. A counterflow with reverse flow direction of the coolant is also possible.
Der oben beschriebene Abgaskühler 1 wird vorzugsweise aus Edelstahl hergestellt. Der Wärmeübertrager 1 kann jedoch auch als Ladeluftkühler zur Kühlung der Verbrennungsluft von Brennkraftmaschinen Anwendung finden - er wird dann vorzugsweise aus einer Aluminiumlegierung hergestellt.The exhaust gas cooler 1 described above is preferably made of stainless steel. However, the heat exchanger 1 can also be used as a charge air cooler for cooling the combustion air of internal combustion engines - it is then preferably made from an aluminum alloy.
Fig. 4 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Abgaskühler 16 mit einer geänderten Gehäuseform, welche aus zwei U-Profilen 17, 18 besteht. Beide U-Profile 17, 18 werden seitlich mit Längsnähten verbunden, von denen die vordere Längsnaht 19 sichtbar ist. Stirnseitig weist der Abgas- kühler 16 einen Abgaseintrittsstutzen, d. h. einen Diffusor 20 auf. Das obere U-Profil 17 weist einen quer verlaufenden Verteilerkanal 21 mit einem Kühlmitteleintrittsstutzen 22 sowie einen ebenfalls quer verlaufenden Sammelkanal 23 mit einem Kühlmittelaustrittsstutzen 24 auf. Beide Kanäle 21 , 23 können aus dem Blech des U-Profils 17 ausgeformt werden.Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of an exhaust gas cooler 16 with a modified housing shape, which consists of two U-profiles 17, 18. Both U-profiles 17, 18 are connected laterally with longitudinal seams, of which the front longitudinal seam 19 is visible. At the end, the exhaust gas cooler 16 has an exhaust gas inlet connection, ie. H. a diffuser 20. The upper U-profile 17 has a transverse distribution channel 21 with a coolant inlet connection 22 and a likewise transverse collection channel 23 with a coolant outlet connection 24. Both channels 21, 23 can be formed from the sheet of the U-section 17.
Fig. 4a zeigt den Abgaskühler 16 ohne den Diffusor 20, d. h. mit einer Stirnfläche 25 für den Eintritt des Abgases, welches durch einen Pfeil A gekennzeichnet ist. Die Stirnfläche 25 weist - analog dem vorherigen Ausführungsbeispiel - Abgaskanäle 27 auf, die - in der Zeichnung betrachtet ■- nach unten offen sind. Die stirnseitig verschlossenen Kühlmittelkanäle 26 sind nach oben offen und stehen somit mit dem Verteilerkanal 21 in Verbindung. Das Kühlmittel wird somit zunächst in der Breite über alle Kühlmittelkanäle 26 verteilt und durchströmt dann in Längsrichtung den Abgaskühler 16, bis es über den Sammelkanal 23 wieder austritt. Die beiden Gehäusehälften 17, 18 sind hier deutlich als U-Profile erkennbar.
4a shows the exhaust gas cooler 16 without the diffuser 20, ie with an end face 25 for the entry of the exhaust gas, which is identified by an arrow A. The end face 25 has - similar to the previous embodiment - on exhaust gas passages 27, which - are open downwards - as viewed in the drawing ■. The coolant channels 26, which are closed at the end, are open at the top and are thus connected to the distributor channel 21. The coolant is thus first distributed in width across all coolant channels 26 and then flows through the exhaust gas cooler 16 in the longitudinal direction until it emerges again via the collecting channel 23. The two housing halves 17, 18 are clearly recognizable here as U-profiles.
Claims
1. Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere Ladeluft- oder Abgaskühler für Kraftfahrzeuge mit in einem Gehäuse (3) angeordneten Strömungskanälen für ein zu kühlendes Gas und ein Kühlmittel, wobei die Strömungskanäle für das Gas durch Rohrböden hindurch in einen Eintritts- und einen Austrittsdiffusor (2) geführt sind und das Kühlmittel über Kühlmittelanschlüsse (4a, 4b) durch das Gehäuse (3) geführt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungskanäle für das Gas (8) und das Kühlmittel (9) durch ein maanderformig umgeformtes Metallband und das Gehäuse (3), die miteinander stoff- schlüssig verbunden sind, gebildet sind.1. Heat exchanger, in particular charge air or exhaust gas cooler for motor vehicles with flow channels arranged in a housing (3) for a gas to be cooled and a coolant, the flow channels for the gas being guided through tube sheets into an inlet and an outlet diffuser (2) and the coolant is led through the housing (3) via coolant connections (4a, 4b), characterized in that the flow channels for the gas (8) and the coolant (9) through a metal band formed in a meandering shape and the housing (3) are integrally connected to one another.
2. Wärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strömungskanäle (9) für das Kühlmittel einen nach einer Seite (3a) offenen Querschnitt aufweisen, dass die Rohrböden (12, 13) kammartig mit Zinken (14, 15) ausgebildet sind, welche die Querschnitte der Kühlmittelkanäle (9) stirnseitig verschließen.2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow channels (9) for the coolant have a cross-section open to one side (3a), that the tube sheets (12, 13) are comb-like with tines (14, 15) which close the cross sections of the coolant channels (9) on the front.
3. Wärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Querschnitte für die Strömungskanäle (8, 9) etwa rechteckförmig ausgebildet sind.3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross sections for the flow channels (8, 9) are approximately rectangular.
4. Wärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1 , 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Querschnitt für die Gaskanäle (8) größer als der Querschnitt für die Kühlmittelkanäle (9) ist. 4. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the cross section for the gas channels (8) is larger than the cross section for the coolant channels (9).
5. Wärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die rechteckförmigen Strömungskanäle (8, 9) eine gleiche Länge I, jedoch unterschiedliche Breiten b1 und b2 aufweisen.5. Heat exchanger according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that the rectangular flow channels (8, 9) have the same length I, but different widths b1 and b2.
6. Wärmeübertrager nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmeübertrager (1 ) auf einer Seite (3a) einen Verteiler- und einen Sammelkanal (4, 5) aufweist, die mit den Kühlmittelanschlüssen (4a, 5a) verbunden sind und sich quer über die Kühlmittelkanäle (9) erstrecken.6. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the heat exchanger (1) on one side (3a) has a distributor and a collecting channel (4, 5) which are connected to the coolant connections (4a, 5a) and extend across the coolant channels (9).
7. Wärmeübertrager nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (3) einen U-förmigen Grundkörper (3b, 3c, 3d) und eine Abschlussplatte (3a) oder zwei U-Profile (17, 18) aufweist.7. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the housing (3) has a U-shaped base body (3b, 3c, 3d) and an end plate (3a) or two U-profiles (17, 18).
8. Wärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 6 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abschlussplatte (3a) bzw. das U-Profil (17) mit dem Verteiler- und dem Sammelkanal (4, 5; 21 , 23) verbunden sind.8. Heat exchanger according to claim 6 and 7, characterized in that the end plate (3a) or the U-profile (17) with the distributor and the collecting channel (4, 5; 21, 23) are connected.
9. Wärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verteiler- und der Sammelkanal (4, 5; 21 , 23) einstückig mit der Abschlussplatte (3a) bzw. mit dem U-Profil (17) ausgebildet und aus dieser bzw. diesem ausgeformt sind.9. Heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that the distributor and the collecting channel (4, 5; 21, 23) integrally formed with the end plate (3a) or with the U-profile (17) and from this or this are formed.
10. Wärmeübertrager nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in den Strömungskanälen (8, 9) Turbulenzeinlagen (10, 11) angeordnet und mit dem Metallband (7) verlötet sind. 10. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that in the flow channels (8, 9) turbulence inserts (10, 11) are arranged and soldered to the metal strip (7).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10302948A DE10302948A1 (en) | 2003-01-24 | 2003-01-24 | Heat exchanger, in particular exhaust gas cooler for motor vehicles |
DE10302948 | 2003-01-24 | ||
PCT/EP2003/012496 WO2004065876A1 (en) | 2003-01-24 | 2003-11-10 | Heat exchanger, particularly exhaust gas cooler for motor vehicles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1604163A1 true EP1604163A1 (en) | 2005-12-14 |
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ID=32667841
Family Applications (1)
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EP03767527A Withdrawn EP1604163A1 (en) | 2003-01-24 | 2003-11-10 | Heat exchanger, particularly exhaust gas cooler for motor vehicles |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US20060048926A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1604163A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006513394A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100501295C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003292004A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10302948A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004065876A1 (en) |
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2003
- 2003-01-24 DE DE10302948A patent/DE10302948A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-11-10 CN CNB200380109185XA patent/CN100501295C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-10 JP JP2004566756A patent/JP2006513394A/en active Pending
- 2003-11-10 WO PCT/EP2003/012496 patent/WO2004065876A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-11-10 US US10/543,105 patent/US20060048926A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-11-10 AU AU2003292004A patent/AU2003292004A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-11-10 EP EP03767527A patent/EP1604163A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2004065876A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105697104A (en) * | 2016-04-17 | 2016-06-22 | 曹阳 | Electric grid tail gas purifier for fuel oil and fuel gas motor vehicles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10302948A1 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
CN100501295C (en) | 2009-06-17 |
US20060048926A1 (en) | 2006-03-09 |
CN1742189A (en) | 2006-03-01 |
WO2004065876A1 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
AU2003292004A1 (en) | 2004-08-13 |
JP2006513394A (en) | 2006-04-20 |
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