EP1600689B1 - Multifunction headlamp for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a multifunctional light projector for a motor vehicle, of the type comprising an ellipsoid-type reflector, two light sources associated respectively with each of the two functions, an optical means situated in front of the reflector and a cover located between the two reflectors. light sources and the optical medium.

The invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to a light projector in which the first function is a code function while the second function is a road function.

A conventional elliptical type projector, that is to say with a reflector of ellipsoidal or multi-ellipsoidal type, has a fixed cover and can only fill one function, usually the code function. It is then necessary to use an additional projector to fulfill the road function.

To avoid the need for two projectors to perform two functions, efforts have been made to design dual-function projectors, or, more generally, multi-function projectors.

Among the proposed solutions, we can note those that provide a movement of the cache for placing the cache in an active position for the code function and in a position erased for the route function. This movement can be a tilting or a translation or a rotation of the cache in its plane, in particular by a command with electromagnet. This configuration is commonly used with a xenon lamp, also known as a discharge lamp, or with a halogen lamp. However, the movement of the cache requires expensive mechanical systems to design and expensive actuators to purchase in production. In addition, the mechanism movements often emit a noise that can be criticized by the user. Certain types of movements are accompanied, during the passage of the route function to the code function, of a rebound of the cache. This results in an annoying visual effect for the user and, in addition, a risk of glare for the driver who comes in the opposite direction in the lapse of time following the passage of the route function to the code function.

The patent U.S. Patent No. 4,914,747 discloses a bifunctional projector that avoids a movement of the cache. The projector includes a reflector comprising two parts separated by a virtual horizontal meridian plane passing substantially in the vicinity of at least one of the light sources and parallel to the optical axis of the projector. The two parts of the reflector admit different foci offset in the direction of the optical axis. A first portion of the reflector located on a first side of the meridian plane is assigned to the first code function, and a second portion of the reflector located on the other side of the meridian plane is assigned to the second route function. The optical means located in front of the reflector is constituted by a plane convex lens of revolution, turning its convex surface outwards.

Although the projector according to U.S. Patent No. 4,914,747 avoids a movement of the cache, a number of disadvantages remain. The flux recovered by the road part is relatively low given the exit limit angles of the lens from the lower part of the reflector. In addition, the thickness of the cover creates a hole in the beam in the road position. In this same road position, the luminous flux in the lower part of the beam is small, the light being sent essentially above the cutoff. Finally, the style of this projector, with a lens of revolution whose convex face is turned towards the observer, corresponds to a classic elliptical style and does not allow to distinguish an evolution.

It is also known from the document US 4,851,968 a projector module with a reflector having two focal points on the optical axis, a light source near the first focus and a cover and a converging lens, the upper edge of the cover being located near the second focus of the reflector. And the optical axis of the reflector is inclined relative to that of the lens.

The object of the invention is, above all, to provide a multi-function light projector, particularly a bi-function light, which makes it possible to provide at least two functions, in particular code and route functions, without requiring a movement of the cache, which ensures a flow luminous recovered for the sufficiently high road part and whose optical means, seen by an observer, differs from the usual lens of revolution of an elliptical type projector. It is further desirable that the projector remains of a relatively simple and economical construction.

• la première partie de réflecteur forme une image de la première source lumineuse située du premier côté du plan méridien, sur le cache, ou au voisinage,
• la deuxième partie du réflecteur forme une image de la deuxième source lumineuse située de l'autre côté du plan méridien, et
• le moyen optique comprend une première et une deuxième portions de lentille situées de part et d'autre du plan méridien, la première portion de lentille ayant un axe optique qui passe par l'image de la première source donnée par la première partie de réflecteur, tandis que la deuxième portion de lentille admet un axe optique qui passe par l'image de la deuxième source donnée par la deuxième partie de réflecteur.

According to the invention, a multi-function light projector, in particular a bifunction for a motor vehicle, comprises an ellipsoid-type reflector, two light sources or two groups of light sources, namely an associated source or group of sources. respectively to each function, an optical means located in front of the reflector and a cache located between the light sources and the optical means. The reflector comprises two parts separated by a virtual meridian plane passing substantially in the vicinity of at least one of the light sources, the two parts of the reflector admitting different foci, a first part of the reflector being located on a first side of the plane and being assigned to a first function, and a second part of the reflector located on the other side of the meridian plane being assigned to the second function, the two reflector parts having different focal points. The projector is characterized in that:

• the first reflector portion forms an image of the first light source located on the first side of the meridian plane, on the cache, or in the vicinity,
• the second part of the reflector forms an image of the second light source located on the other side of the meridian plane, and
• the optical means comprises first and second lens portions located on either side of the meridian plane, the first lens portion having an optical axis which passes through the image of the first source given by the first reflector portion, while the second lens portion has an optical axis which passes through the image of the second source given by the second reflector portion.

In the context of the invention, one of the reflector parts can also contribute to a function than the one to which it is specifically dedicated.

Generally, the first function is a code function associated with the first reflector portion, while the second function is a route function associated with the second reflector portion. But one of the functions, in particular the road function, may in fact use not only the reflector portion which is dedicated to it, but also the reflector portion more particularly adapted to a code function (when part of the light rays emitted by the source in route function transmits towards both parts of the reflector).

Advantageously, the first (or one of) (1.1m) lens portion is convergent type, and the second (or other) (2.2m) lens portion is convergent or divergent. The portion adapted to a route will be divergent or convergent, that adapted to a code will preferably converge.

The meridian plane of separation can be vertical. The two lens portions are placed side by side and joined in the vertical meridian plane, the foci of the two lens portions are shifted transversely, the focus of the code portion being on or adjacent the upper edge of the cache.

Advantageously, the light sources are constituted by two filaments of the same lamp, namely a code filament with a cup located on the opposite side to the reflector associated with the filament code, and a filament road free of any cup. They can also be constituted by two lamps. halogen or by two xenon lamps, or by two light-emitting diodes, or by two groups of light-emitting diodes or other lamps. They can also combine two different types of lamp.

Advantageously, the two light sources may be two light-emitting diodes or two groups of light-emitting diodes distributed on either side of the virtual meridian plane, whatever the orientation of said meridian plane. Preferably, the two light sources are two light-emitting diodes disposed on either side of the virtual meridian plane, diodes arranged to be diametrically opposite to one another or inclined relative to each other. The inclination is chosen in particular so that the main light emission axis of one of the diodes diverges from that of the other diode. Preferably, the diodes are arranged to be inclined relative to the virtual meridian plane by an angle between 0 and 60 °, in particular 5 and 50 ° .This angle of inclination is understood as the measurement of the angle between the meridian plane in question and the plane passing through the support of the diode, or between the meridian plane in question and the main axis of emission of the diode (generally perpendicular to the plane of the support of the diode).

Alternatively, the meridian plane of separation may be horizontal. The two lens portions are joined in the horizontal meridian plane, one portion being located above the other. The faces (convex or concave) of the lens portions are turned towards an observer located in front of the projector and the outline of all the two portions seen in elevation recalls that of a number 8 or two truncated / contiguous circles.

The light sources can be constituted by two filaments of the same lamp, namely a code filament with cup located on the opposite side to the reflector associated with the filament code, and a filament road free of any cup.

With a vertical separation meridian plane, the code filament may be located on the inside of the vehicle and the associated portion of the reflector is also located towards the interior of the vehicle. The road filament and the associated portion of the reflector are located towards the outside of the vehicle. (One understands by "inside" the filament among the two which find the closest to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, once the projector mounted in the vehicle).

Generally in the patent, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "lower" or "superior" refer to the configuration of the projector (or its components) in its normal position of use, once mounted in the vehicle.
With a horizontal meridian separation plane, the filament code may be located, with the associated portion of the reflector, on the upper side of the separation plane. The road filament is associated with the lower part of the reflector. The road filament is then advantageously horizontal: it may have a parallel, transverse or oblique orientation with respect to the optical axis of the portion of the lens that is assigned to it.

The cover is preferably essentially vertical, in particular transverse.

Alternatively, the cover is formed by a substantially horizontal plate, also called folder. The upper face of the plate is advantageously reflective, in particular aluminized. Preferably the focus of the code portion of the lens is on the front edge of the plate.

In the case where the meridian plane of separation is horizontal and the lens portions are vertically offset, the light sources may be located on or in the vicinity of the median line separating the lens portions; the upper part of the reflector for the code function is then advantageously turned upwards by an angle such that its optical axis meets the horizontal mask which is on the axis of the upper portion of the lens.

Alternatively, the light sources may be located on or near the optical axis of the upper lens portion. The lower part of the reflector for the road function is then advantageously turned down by an angle such that its optical axis passes below the horizontal cover which is on the axis of the upper portion of the lens.

The lower portion of the lens, for the road function, may be divergent and the lower part of the reflector, for the road function, is turned down by a relatively small angle.

The invention also relates to the vehicle on which is mounted at least one projector described above.

• Fig.1 est une coupe schématique par un plan horizontal d'un projecteur lumineux selon l'invention.
• Fig.2 est une vue en élévation du cache selon la ligne II - II de Fig.1.
• Fig.3 est une vue de dessus schématique de deux sources lumineuses constituées par des diodes électroluminescentes.
• Fig.4 est une vue de droite, par rapport à Fig.1 des deux portions de lentille accolées.
• Fig.5 est une vue schématique de dessus, en coupe horizontale, des projecteurs gauche et droit d'un véhicule.
• Fig.6 est une coupe schématique par un plan vertical d'une variante de réalisation du projecteur selon l'invention.
• Fig.7 est une vue de droite par rapport à Fig.6, à plus grande échelle, du cache du projecteur de Fig.6.
• Fig.8 est une coupe schématique par un plan vertical d'une autre variante de projecteur selon l'invention.
• Fig.9 illustre, semblablement à Fig.8, une autre variante de réalisation.
• Fig.10 est une vue en perspective d'une variante de cache.
• Fig.11 est une vue en perspective d'une autre variante de cache.
• Fig.12 est une coupe verticale schématique d'une variante de réalisation dans laquelle la partie supérieure du réflecteur a subi une rotation.
• Fig.13 montre une autre variante de réalisation selon laquelle la partie inférieure du réflecteur a subi une rotation et
• Fig.14 montre une autre variante de réalisation dans laquelle la portion inférieure de lentille est divergente et la partie inférieure de réflecteur a subi une rotation plus faible que dans le cas de Fig.13.

The invention consists, apart from the arrangements set out above, of a number of other provisions of which it will be more explicitly question below about exemplary embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings, months which are in no way limiting. On these drawings:

• Fig.1 is a schematic section through a horizontal plane of a light projector according to the invention.
• Fig.2 is an elevation of the cache along line II - II of Fig.1 .
• Fig.3 is a schematic top view of two light sources constituted by light emitting diodes.
• Fig.4 is a right view, compared to Fig.1 two contiguous portions of the lens.
• Fig.5 is a schematic view from above, in horizontal section, of the left and right headlights of a vehicle.
• Fig.6 is a schematic section through a vertical plane of an alternative embodiment of the projector according to the invention.
• Fig.7 is a right view with respect to Fig.6 , on a larger scale, the projector's Fig.6 .
• Fig.8 is a schematic section through a vertical plane of another projector variant according to the invention.
• Fig.9 illustrates, similarly to Fig.8 , another variant embodiment.
• Fig.10 is a perspective view of a cache variant.
• Fig.11 is a perspective view of another cache variant.
• Fig.12 is a schematic vertical section of an alternative embodiment in which the upper part of the reflector has been rotated.
• Fig.13 shows another variant embodiment in which the lower part of the reflector has been rotated and
• Fig.14 shows another variant embodiment in which the lower portion of the lens is divergent and the lower part of the reflector has undergone a lower rotation than in the case of Fig.13 .

Referring to Fig.1 drawings we can see a schematic horizontal section of a bifunctional light projector, for a motor vehicle, to ensure a code function and a road function.

The projector comprises an ellipsoid-type reflector R comprising two parts R1 , R2 virtually separated by a vertical meridian plane P. The reflector R is in one piece, the portions R1 and R2 being integral with one another but having optical characteristics different. The part R1 admits a first focus in the vicinity of which is located a first light source L1. This fireplace is located on one side of the plane P, on the left side according to the representation of Fig.1 considering that the light is spreading from left to right. Part R2 admits a first focus shifted transversely on the other side of the plane P, that is to say to the right according to Fig.1 , in relation to the direction of propagation of light. A second light source L2 is located in the vicinity of the first focus of R2.

The part R1 of the reflector is assigned to a first function, namely the code function, and forms an image of the source L1 at a point Fg to the left of the plane P. The part R2 is assigned to the second function, namely the function route, and forms an image of the source L2 at a point Fd on the right of the plane P.

According to the example of Fig.1 the light sources L1, L2 consist of the two filaments b1, b2 of a double-filament lamp, for example a H4 or DFCS lamp (Double Filament Complex Shape), shown schematically without its glass envelope or its base. An opaque cup C, generally metallic, is disposed on the side of the filament b1 remote from the portion R1 of the reflector. In the example of Fig.1 cup C is essentially vertical and prevents light rays from filament b1 from reaching the second reflector portion R2.

The sources L1, L2 are shifted in the direction of the average optical axis X-X of the projector. The source L2 is behind the source L1, according to the direction of propagation of the light. The two sources L1, L2 are furthermore offset transversely with respect to the plane P. The double-filament lamp is advantageously a halogen lamp.

As a variant, the light sources L1, L2 as illustrated in FIG. Fig.3 can be constituted by two light-emitting diodes D1, D2 held on either side of the plane P and preferably inclined to illuminate towards the corresponding reflector portion R1, R2. The diodes can be arranged symmetrically to the plane P, as shown, but it is not necessary. They are here inclined to make an angle with respect to the plane P between, for example, 10 and 45 °. This angle is measured between the plane P and the plane passing through the support of the diodes (or, which amounts here to the same, between the plane P and the main axes of light emission of the diodes, perpendicular to the plane of their respective supports ).

The use of diodes is possible that the plane P is vertical, horizontal or oblique. The diodes can also be arranged "back to back", that is, arranged so that they emit in two complementary half-spheres.

In the case of a double filament lamp, the code function is provided by the single filament b1, while the road function is provided by the filament b2 or by the set of two filaments b1 and b2. In the case where the diodes D1, D2 are used, the code function is provided by a single diode D1 whereas the route function is provided by the two diodes D1, D2 which are lit simultaneously.

The optical means A is located in front of the reflector R, according to the propagation direction of the light, and in front of a mask M located in front of the light sources L1, L2.

The cache M, shown in elevation on Fig.2 seen from left compared to Fig.1 , intervenes on the light beams essentially by its upper part. The left side of the upper edge has a horizontal segment m0, which is extended on the right by a line segment m1 rising from left to right at a given angle relative to the horizontal, for example 15 °. The two segments m0 and m1 define the code cutoff. The cache M is arranged such that the point Fg, image of the source L1 by R1, is at or near the vertex K of the angle formed by the segments m0, m1. The segment m1 is prolonged, on the right, by a horizontal segment m2 situated above the cutoff line J represented in dashed lines. A descending segment m3 follows the m2 segment. A horizontal segment m4 located below the cutoff line J follows the m3 segment. The point Fd, image of L2 by R2 is located in the free space determined by the segments m3, m4, but not necessarily in the plane of the cache M. The road beam produced by the source L2 and the part R2 is not cut by the cover M.

The optical means A comprises a first lens portion 1 and a second lens portion 2 located on either side of the meridian plane P, and respectively associated with the first portion R1 and the second reflector portion R2.

The lens portions 1, 2 are convergent, flat convex, the convex face facing away from the reflector, outwardly. The outline of the optical medium A seen in elevation appears on Fig.4 and looks like a figure 8 lying horizontally. The lens portions 1 and 2 may be obtained by cutting two convex planar lenses in a plane orthogonal to the plane face, the two lenses being glued along their cutting plane. Alternatively, both portions 1, 2 may correspond to two areas of a single molded piece of glass or transparent plastic. For an observer. the outer visible face of the optical means A has two convex zones separated by a median depression.

The optical axis Y1 of the lens portion 1 passes through the point Fg and is parallel to the average axis X-X. The focus of the lens portion 1 coincides with the point Fg or close to this point.

The lens portion 2 has an optical axis Y2 parallel to X-X and passing through the point Fd. The focus of the lens 2 coincides with Fd or close to this point.

The optical means A is in a way formed by a single bi-axis lens which gives the projector, seen by an observer in front, a very original appearance. The distance between the points Fg and Fd determines the separation of the functions. For a 60mm diameter lens, the distance between Fg and Fd can be about 30mm. The point Fd may lie in front of or behind the plane orthogonal to the X-X direction passing through Fg.

The operation of the projector Fig.1 is the next. For the code function, the filament code b1 is electrically powered so as to illuminate the left part R1 of the reflector. This part, consisting of a generally elliptical type surface, forms an image of the filament code at the point Fg located in the plane of the cache M to the left of the meridian plane P.

The left zone m0, m1 ( Fig.2 ) cache M has a conventional cut to form a cutoff projector code, cut V in the example shown for Europe. The example concerns a traffic-type break on the right. The invention also applies to traffic-type cuts on the left (reverse cut) and flat cuts (such as those used for fog lights). In the case of a projector code for the United States of America, the cut would be in the form of a step.

The portion of lens 1 opposite point Fg allows the formation of the code beam. During the code function, the L2 road filament is not powered electrically.

For the road function the road filament b2 is electrically powered. The filament b1 is also fed. The right part R2 of the reflector forms an image of the road filament at point Fd. The right portion 2 of the lens whose focus is at the point Fd allows the formation of the road beam, essentially of the upper part, which does not undergo a cut. The lower part of the road beam is added to the code beam with covering part of the beams to avoid a hole corresponding to the area of the cache.

The bi-axis lens 1.2 is simple to achieve. Just take two conventional elliptical lenses from which you extract the two desired portions.

Fig.5 shows, always in section by a horizontal plane as on Fig.1 , a set of two projectors for a motor vehicle. The projector located on the right side of Fig.5 (right side of the vehicle) is identical to the Fig.1 . The first part R1 of the reflector is turned towards the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, that is to say towards the inside, while the second part R2 is turned outwards.

The projector located on the left of Fig.5 (left side of the vehicle), has a symmetrical disposition with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. The first reflector portion R1 providing the code function is located on the right while the portion R2, assigned to the road, is located on the left side of the reflector. For this projector on the left, the right zone of the system performs the code function while the left zone performs the route function.

The symmetrical arrangement with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle of Fig.5 allows to obtain a globally symmetrical photometry.

So we can say, about the projectors of Figs. 1 to 5 that each element constituting a conventional elliptical type projector, comprising a reflector plus a cover plus a lens, is divided into two parts by a vertical meridian plane passing substantially in the vicinity of one of the code or road filaments of the lamp.

According to the examples described so far, the two parts are separated in width by a vertical plane.

Referring to Fig.6 we can see a variant according to which the meridian plane of separation Pm is horizontal so that the two parts of the reflector R1m and R2m are arranged one above the other. It is the same for the two lens portions 1m, 2m.

The duplication of the projector is no longer in width, but in height in the vertical direction. This type of configuration is well suited to a system using a DFCS lamp whose road filament b2m is transverse, horizontal, perpendicular to the plane of the figure. The filament b2m is, for example, at the same level as the cup C, behind it. The mask Mm is located in a vertical plane between the light sources and the lens portions. The top edge of the Mm cache, seen from face ( Fig.7 ), comprises two horizontal segments offset in height, connected by an inclined segment, which corresponds to the V cut of the European code beam.

The portion R1m of the reflector is provided to form the image of the filament b1m at a point Fh located at the upper end of the inclined segment of the upper edge of the screen Mm as shown on Fig.7 . The point Fh can be only in the vicinity of the mask Mm. The lower part R2m of the reflector forms the image of the filament b2m at a point Fb situated below ( Fig.7 ) of the Mm cache.

The light coming from the reflector R1m and the filament b1m is recovered by the high portion 1m of lens opposite the "V" of the Mm cache cutoff for the code function.

The lens portion 1m has its focus located at the point Fh or the vicinity, while the lower portion of the lens 2m has its focus located at the point Fb.

The operation is similar to that described for the previous figures.

Front view, the bi-axis lens 1m, 2m has substantially the appearance of a number 8, the 1m portion being located above the 2m portion.

During the road function the two filaments b1m and b2m are fed so that the upper part of the beam is produced by the filament b2m, the reflector portion R2m and the lens portion 2m. The lower part comprises the code part from the b1m filament. The assembly is designed so that the two beams from R2 and R1 have a common range below the horizontal line of cut so that there is no absence of sensitive light or a "hole" in the area in front of the cache.

In order to optimize the amount of useful light, instead of the vertical cover Mm, it can be provided, as illustrated on Fig.8 , a horizontal reflective plate N, preferably an aluminized glass plate or reflectorized on its upper face, which is put in place of the cache M or Mm of the previous examples. The reflective plate N is also called "folding". The face of the N blade which is not reflective may be optionally frosted to prevent the passage of parasitic rays.

The blade N has the shape of the cut that is desired for the beam. Fig.10 illustrates an open V-shaped blade turning its tip upwards, for the realization of a European code beam. The upper face 3 is aluminized.

Fig.11 illustrates a Na-blade whose upper surface 3a has the shape of the desired cut for a code beam in the United States of America. This shape comprises two horizontal extreme segments connected by a segment inclined substantially mid-length.

The upper portion 1m of the lens is focused on the face 4 of the folder farthest from the filaments of the light sources, more precisely on the upper edge of this face at a point Fh.

The reflective plate N makes it possible to send back into the beam rays such as those which previously fell in the cache M or Mn and which were therefore lost. A gain in non-negligible luminous flux can thus be obtained.

• soit sur l'axe médian entre les deux portions de lentille comme illustré sur Fig.8,
• soit sur l'axe optique de la portion de lentille supérieure 1m comme illustré sur Fig.9 afin de favoriser la fonction code.

In a projector where the lens portions 1m, 2m are stepped vertically, the filament code bm1 can be aligned:

• either on the median axis between the two lens portions as shown in Fig.8 ,
• on the optical axis of the upper lens portion 1m as illustrated in Fig.9 to promote the code function.

When the light sources are on the median axis between the two lens portions 1m, 2m, it is possible to undergo a slight rotation of angle α ( Fig.12 ) towards the top of the reflector portion R1m associated with the code function so that the optical axis of the portion R1m meets the cahe N. The angle α may be of the order of about 12 °. This rotation of R1m about a transverse horizontal axis perpendicular to the plane of the figure at the junction of the parts R1m and R2m, allows to direct the light from the b1m filament on the blade or folder N.

For a configuration such as Fig.13 wherein the filaments b1m, b2m are aligned or substantially aligned with the optical axis of the upper lens portion 1m, the lower portion R2m of the reflector, associated with the road function, is inclined downwards by an angle β with respect to the position of Fig.8 to improve the road function. β can be for example about 10 °, and can be in particular between 5 and 15 °.

Fig.14 shows a variant embodiment in which the filaments b1m, b2m of the light sources are aligned on the optical axis of the upper lens portion 1m. The lower part of the reflector R2m shown in dashed lines corresponds to the inclined position of Fig.13 .

It is sought to reduce the angle of inclination of the lower portion R2m shown in dashed lines and to optimize the amount of luminous flux recovered by the "road" reflector. We are also seeking to reduce image deformations due to the inclination of the axis of the portion R2m, with respect to the optical axis of the lower lens portion. For this, there is provided a lower lens portion 2m2 divergent instead of convergent lens portion 2m previously devoted to the road function.

This arrangement makes it possible to limit the inclination of the lower part of the reflector to the position shown in full line R2m2 corresponding to an angle of inclination γ less than β. The angle γ can be less than 10 °.

In this way, the lower part of R2m2 reflector envelope much better the road light source (filament b2m), which optimizes the amount of useful light.

Whatever the exemplary embodiment, the invention makes it possible to provide two functions, in particular code and route, without having to move a cache and to use, for example, an electromagnet or a mechanism, so that the system is economical. . The bi-axis lens constituting the optical means takes an original form while remaining easy to achieve, which is a significant advantage in style.

Having two types of modules (in width and height), with different exit angles, allows easier integration into projector environments (ice, mask).

The last example of realization of Fig.14 is interesting for the luminous flux aspect. It also solves the problem of light distribution in the side.

The splitting of surfaces in the vertical direction responds to current style trends.

In the exemplary embodiment of Fig.14 the introduction of a lower part of divergent lens 2m2 gives interesting performances with creation of a particular style. In this case, the Fb focus mentioned above becomes a virtual focus.

Claims (18)

1. Multi-function headlight, in particular dual-function, for a motor vehicle, comprising a reflector (R) of the ellipsoidal or multi-ellipsoidal type, two light sources or two groups of light sources (L1, L2), namely one source or one group of sources associated respectively with each function, an optical means (A) situated in front of the reflector and a shield situated between the light sources and the optical means,
   the reflector comprising two parts separated by a virtual meridian plane passing approximately in the vicinity of at least one of the light sources, the two parts of the reflector having different foci, a first part of the reflector being situated on a first side of the plane and being allocated to a first function, and contributing optionally to the second function, and a second part of the reflector situated on the other side of the meridian plane being allocated to a second function, with

   - the first reflector part (R1) forming an image (Fg; Fh) of the first light source (L1, b1; b1m) situated on the first side of the meridian plane (P, Pm), on the shield or in the vicinity,

   - the second part (R2) of the reflector forming an image (Fd; Fb) of the second light source (L2, b2; b2m) situated on the other side of the meridian plane (P, Pm), and

   - the optical means (A) comprising first (1, 1m) and second (2, 2m) lens portions situated on either side of the meridian plane, the first lens portion (1, 1m) having an optical axis that passes through the image (Fg, Fh) of the first source given by the first reflector part, the second lens portion (2, 2m) having an optical axis that passes through the image (Fd, Fb) of the second source given by the second reflector part,

   characterised in that the shield is formed by an essentially horizontal plate (N), the top face of the plate (N) being reflective.
2. Headlight according to claim 1, characterised in that the first function is a dipped-beam function associated with the first reflector part (R1, R1m) while the second function is a main-beam function associated with the second reflector part (R2, R2m), and optionally also with the first part (R1) of the reflector.
3. Headlight according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the separation meridian plane (P) is vertical, the two lens portions (1, 2) being placed side by side and joined along the vertical meridian plane, the foci of the two lens portions being offset transversely, the focus of the dipped-beam portion being situated on or in the vicinity of the top edge of the shield.
4. Headlight according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the separation meridian plane (P) is horizontal and the two lens portions (1m, 2m) are joined along the horizontal meridian plane, one portion (1m) being situated above the other (2m).
5. Headlight according to claim 4, characterised in that the faces of the lens portions (1m, 2m) are turned towards the front of the headlight and the contour of the two portions together seen in elevation recalls that of a figure 8 or of two truncated circles placed against each other.
6. Headlight according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the light sources (L1, L2) are formed by two filaments of the same lamp, namely a dipped-beam filament (b1; b1m) with a dish (C) situated on the side opposite to the reflector (R1) associated with the dipped-beam filament, and a main-beam filament (b2, b2m) without any dish, or by two halogen lamps or by two xenon lamps, or by two light emitting diodes, or by two groups of light emitting diodes.
7. Headlight according to claim 6, characterised in that, the separation meridian plane being vertical, the dipped-beam filament (b1) is situated towards the inside of the vehicle and the associated part (R1) of the reflector is also situated towards the inside of the vehicle, while the main-beam filament (b2) and the associated part (R2) of the reflector are situated towards the outside of the vehicle.
8. Headlight according to claim 6, characterised in that, the separation meridian plane being horizontal, the dipped-beam filament (b1m) is situated, with the associated part (R1m) of the reflector, on the top side of the separation plane, while the main-beam filament (b2m) is associated with the bottom part (R2) of the reflector.
9. Headlight according to claim 8, characterised in that the main-beam filament (b2m) is horizontal, and preferably parallel, transverse or oblique with respect to the optical axis of the lens portion that is allocated to it.
10. Headlight according to claim 2, characterised in that the focus of the dipped-beam portion of the lens is situated on the front edge of the plate (N).
11. Headlight according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the face of the plate (N) that is not reflective is frosted.
12. Headlight according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that, the lens portions (1m, 2m) being offset vertically, the light sources (b1m, b2m) are situated on or in the vicinity of the median line separating the lens portions, and the top part (R1m) of the reflector for the dipped-beam function is turned upwards by an angle (α) such that its optical axis meets the horizontal shield (N) that is situated on the axis of the top lens portion (1m).
13. Headlight according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that, the light sources (b1m, b2m) being situated on or in the vicinity of the optical axis of the top lens portion (1m), the bottom part (R2m) of the reflector for the main-beam function is turned downwards by an angle (β) such that its optical axis passes below the horizontal shield (N) that is situated on the axis of the top lens portion (1m).
14. Headlight according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the bottom lens portion (2m2), for the main-beam function, is divergent and the bottom part of the reflector, for the main-beam function, is turned downwards by a relatively small angle (γ).
15. Headlight according to claim 2, characterised in that the first lens portion (1, 1m) is of the convergent type, and in that the second lens portion (2, 2m) is convergent or divergent.
16. Headlight according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the two light sources are two light emitting diodes or two groups of light emitting diodes distributed on either side of the virtual meridian plane.
17. Headlight according to claim 16, characterised in that the two light sources are two light emitting diodes disposed on either side of the virtual meridian plane, diodes disposed so as to be diametrically opposed to each other or inclined with respect to each other.
18. Headlight according to claim 16 or claim 17, characterised in that the diodes are disposed so as to be inclined with respect to the virtual meridian plane by an angle of between 0° and 60°, in particular 5° and 50°.

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