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EP1592884A1 - Rotor blade for a wind power station - Google Patents

Rotor blade for a wind power station

Info

Publication number
EP1592884A1
EP1592884A1 EP04705413A EP04705413A EP1592884A1 EP 1592884 A1 EP1592884 A1 EP 1592884A1 EP 04705413 A EP04705413 A EP 04705413A EP 04705413 A EP04705413 A EP 04705413A EP 1592884 A1 EP1592884 A1 EP 1592884A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor blade
rotor
shaped body
wind
shaped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04705413A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Josef Moser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1592884A1 publication Critical patent/EP1592884A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/40—Movement of component
    • F05B2250/41—Movement of component with one degree of freedom
    • F05B2250/411—Movement of component with one degree of freedom in rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotor blade, as is preferably used in a wind turbine.
  • wind turbines such as those used today to generate electrical energy, depends on a number of factors, including in particular the wind speed, the peripheral speed, the buoyancy forces and the resistance forces.
  • the suitable type of windmill must be selected according to the prevailing wind conditions and performance requirements.
  • a rotor blade for a wind turbine in which the wind attack surface consists of a flap and a wind deflector arranged obliquely to the flap, the flap with the wind deflector being closed about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rotor arm Position parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rotor arm in an open position to the rotor arm is pivotable.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a known wind rotor blade in such a way that the efficiency of the wind power made usable by the wind rotor blade is improved.
  • the wind rotor blade consists of a conventionally shaped rotor blade which, according to the invention, has at least one shaped body which is arranged near the free end of the rotor blade and projects beyond the surface of the rotor blade.
  • this molded body serves to prevent the formation of eddy vortices at the tip of the rotor blade.
  • it serves to use the tangential flow flowing outwards along the rotor blade in addition to propelling the rotor.
  • the molded body is designed as an aerodynamically shaped plate which is set at an angle a> 90 ° to the wind rotor blade surface.
  • the molded body can be designed as an aerodynamically shaped plate which is positioned within the plane spanned by the wind rotor blade at an angle ⁇ ⁇ 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rotor (see FIG. 1).
  • the rotor blade can advantageously consist of a molded plastic body, for example a composite material.
  • a corresponding adjustment mechanism can be provided, by means of which the shape of the molded body relative to the rotor blade can be changed relative to the rotor blade.
  • a plurality of shaped bodies can be arranged alongside one another along the rotor blade.
  • the rotor blade surface can have elevations and / or depressions. These elevations are very particularly advantageously shaped in accordance with EP 07 24 691 B1.
  • the molded body or bodies which are arranged in the end region of the rotor blade can also be formed by a corresponding corrugated shape in the region of the free end of the rotor blade on the rear edge of the rotor blade. In this case, it is not absolutely necessary to provide an additional shaped body oriented perpendicular to the wing. Rather, the shaped body is formed here by the corresponding wave movement in the rear edge area of the rotor blade.
  • the rotor blade which was previously described as a wind rotor blade, can advantageously also be used as a helicopter rotor after corresponding dimensional adaptation.
  • FIG. 1 the part of a rotor blade according to the invention in a perspective view
  • FIG. 2 a representation according to FIG. 1 with shaped bodies of different sizes indicated in the contour
  • FIG. 3 a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 with an additionally arranged molded body
  • FIG. 4 a schematically illustrated variation of the rotor blade according to the invention with a surface having elevations
  • FIG. 5 a top view and several sectional representations of a modified embodiment variant of the rotor blade according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 a further embodiment variant of the rotor blade according to the invention in cross section
  • FIG. 7 top views and two cross sections through a further embodiment of the rotor blade according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 a perspective representation of a further embodiment of the rotor blade according to the invention
  • FIG. 9 a plan view of two further modifications of the rotor blade according to the invention in a schematic illustration
  • FIG. 10 a top view and several sectional representations of an embodiment variant which is similar to that according to FIG. 5,
  • FIG. 11 a further embodiment variant of the rotor blade according to the invention in cross section, which is similar to that according to FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 12 a top view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 yet another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 14, 15 schematic representation of the wave formation of corresponding shaped bodies or waveforms of partial areas of the rotor blade itself provided on the rotor blade.
  • the rotor blade 10 consists of a rotor blade 12 which is customary in construction, as is used, for example, in wind propellers of commercially available wind turbines.
  • a shaped body 16 projecting beyond the surface of the rotor blade is arranged near the free end 14 of the rotor blade.
  • this molded body 16 consists of an aerodynamically shaped plate which projects on all sides beyond the rotor blade 12, the molded body, in simple terms, having the shape of a triangle with rounded corners.
  • the shape of the shaped body 16 can vary.
  • a comparatively narrow shaped body is shown in solid lines, but can also take on a shape corresponding to the different dashed lines.
  • the shaped body 16 is, as shown in Figure 1, at an angle a> 90 ° to the wind rotor blade surface. That means that can be set slightly obliquely through the shaped body extending central plane with respect to the plane defined by the rotor wing 12, that is, it is either vertical or tilts slightly outwards.
  • the corresponding shaped body 16 can be made within the plane spanned by the rotor blade at an angle ⁇ ⁇ 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rotor, the orientation of the angle ⁇ being shown in FIG. 1, that is, starting from the longitudinal axis 18 of the rotor in the direction of the trailing edge 20 of the rotor blade 12.
  • a number of smaller shaped bodies 22, 24, 26 and 28 are formed on the rotor blade 12 in the region of its rear edge 20 in addition to the shaped body 16, these being arranged in each case parallel to the shaped body.
  • the wind rotor blade 10 according to FIG. 1 is provided with a surface as is known from EP 724 691 B1, to which reference is made here in terms of content.
  • the illustration according to FIG. 4 is only schematic here. This additional surface also uses the near-surface tangential flow forces to propel the wing.
  • a further alternative embodiment of the present invention results from the rotor blade 10 according to FIG. 5.
  • a number of smaller shaped bodies 30 are arranged next to the shaped body 16, these shaped bodies, like the cuts according to FIGS. 5a, 5b and 5c show across the rotor blade 12 (not to scale here), have a different shape.
  • FIGS. 7a and 7b show an embodiment variant in which the shaped body 16 and the shaped body 32 arranged parallel to it are applied to a conventional rotor blade 12 by means of a “glove”. This embodiment variant is particularly suitable for retrofitting a conventional rotor blade 12.
  • FIGS. 7c and 7d each show cross sections through the top views of the rotor blade parts 12 shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b.
  • FIG. 8 The embodiment of a rotor blade shown in FIG. 8 essentially corresponds to the shape shown in FIG. 1 with a rotor blade 12 and a molded body 16, but the rear edge regions 20 of the rotor blade 12 and the rear region of the molded body 16 are each designed in a wave shape.
  • the overall contours of the rotor blades 12 are fused with the shaped bodies 16 and the shaped bodies 34 and 36 arranged parallel thereto to form an integrated overall shape.
  • FIG. 10 shows a rotor blade 10 with a rotor blade 12. 5
  • a row of smaller shaped bodies 30 is arranged next to a larger shaped body, similar to the embodiment variant according to FIG. 5, these shaped bodies, as the cuts according to FIGS. 10a, 10b and 10c show across the rotor blade 12 (here not to scale), have a different shape.
  • the corresponding shaped bodies 16 and 30 are, as shown here, corrugated and differ from those according to the embodiment according to FIG. 5, which are essentially smooth.
  • the rotor blade 12 is also corrugated in the area of the rear edge 20, as indicated in FIG. 10, the waveform being shown by way of example in FIGS. 14 and 15, that is to say only shown in simplified form in FIG.
  • the embodiment variant according to FIG. 11 largely corresponds to that according to FIG. 6.
  • the shaped body 16 is designed in a wave shape, although it only starts in the rear region of the rotor blade 12 and, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 6, does not completely surround it.
  • FIG. 12 shows a further embodiment of the present invention arranged in the rotor wing end region, in which the shaped bodies are designed in the form of waves, as are shown, for example, with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15.
  • the waves can be of different lengths, as shown here. It is also clear here that the shafts are only formed in the rear edge area of the rotor blade 12. A projecting and rounded part of a wing edge can be formed in the leading edge region, this feature being optional.
  • the corresponding waves can be comparatively coarse or finer.
  • the representation according to FIG. 12 gives only an exemplary reference point here.
  • FIG. 13 shows an embodiment variant which essentially corresponds to that according to FIG. 3, but here in the region of the rear edge of the rotor blade 12 a number of smaller shaped bodies 22, 24, 26 and 28 are formed in addition to the shaped body 16, the difference here 3 are also corrugated to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, as shown in FIG.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a rotor blade, preferably to be used in a wind wheel, comprising a rotor wing. At least one molded body that extends beyond the surface of the rotor wing is disposed near the free end of the rotor wing.

Description

ROTORBLATT FÜR EINE WINDKRAFTANLAGE ROTOR BLADE FOR A WIND TURBINE
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Rotorblatt, wie es vorzugsweise in einem Windrad zum Einsatz kommt.The invention relates to a rotor blade, as is preferably used in a wind turbine.
Die Leistung von Windkraftanlagen, wie sie heute zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie verwendet werden, hängt von einer Reihe von Faktoren ab, nämlich unter anderem insbesondere von der Windgeschwindigkeit, der Umfangsgeschwindigkeit, den Auftriebskräften und den Widerstandskräften.The performance of wind turbines, such as those used today to generate electrical energy, depends on a number of factors, including in particular the wind speed, the peripheral speed, the buoyancy forces and the resistance forces.
Der geeignete Windradtyp muss nach den herrschenden Windverhältnissen und Leistungserfordernissen ausgewählt werden.The suitable type of windmill must be selected according to the prevailing wind conditions and performance requirements.
Allen Windkraftanlagen ist eine wirtschaftliche Kennlinie gemeinsam, welche sich aus den örtlichen Verhältnissen und der Leistungsausbeute ergibt, welche wiederum auf die bauliche Ausführung rückbezogen ist. Ein Faktor von hoher Wichtigkeit ist dabei die Ausbildung der Rotorblätter des Windrades. Diese Ausbildung ist ein wichtiger Faktor der Wirtschaftlichkeitsrechnung, wobei anzustreben ist, die vorhandene Windkraft möglichst effizient aufzunehmen und umzusetzen. Zu den am häufigsten eingesetzten Rotorausbildungen in Windrädern gehören die sogenannten Propeller. Diese Rotoren, die im wesentlichen eine horizontale Achse aufweisen und die aerodynamisch schon weitgehend optimiert sind, erbringen eine vergleichsweise hohe Leistung. Bis zu 48% der zugeführten Windleistung können grundsätzlich in nutzbare mechanische oder elektrische Arbeit umgeformt werden. Es wurden nun viele Bestrebungen unternommen, die Form von Windrädern zu optimieren.An economic characteristic is common to all wind turbines, which results from the local conditions and the power output, which in turn is related to the structural design. A factor of great importance is the formation of the rotor blades of the wind turbine. This training is an important factor in the profitability calculation, with the aim being to absorb and implement the existing wind power as efficiently as possible. The most commonly used rotor designs in wind turbines are the so-called propellers. These rotors, which essentially have a horizontal axis and which have already been largely optimized aerodynamically, provide a comparatively high performance. In principle, up to 48% of the wind power supplied can be converted into usable mechanical or electrical work. Many efforts have now been made to optimize the shape of wind turbines.
So wurde beispielsweise in der DE 42 01 425 C2 vorgeschlagen, den Windfangteil eines Rotorblattes teilweise rinnen- oder schalenförmig auszubilden. Aus der DE 31 50 604 A1 ist ein Rotorblatt für ein Windrad bekannt, bei dem die Windangriffsfläche aus einer Klappe und einem damit verbundenen schräg zur Klappe angeordneten Windleitblatt besteht, wobei die Klappe mit dem Windleitblatt um eine Achse senkrecht zur Längsachse des Rotorarms aus einer geschlossenen Stellung parallel zur Längsachse des Rotorarms in eine geöffnete Stellung zum Rotorarm hin verschwenkbar ist.For example, it was proposed in DE 42 01 425 C2 to partially design the windscreen part of a rotor blade in the form of a groove or shell. From DE 31 50 604 A1 a rotor blade for a wind turbine is known, in which the wind attack surface consists of a flap and a wind deflector arranged obliquely to the flap, the flap with the wind deflector being closed about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rotor arm Position parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rotor arm in an open position to the rotor arm is pivotable.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein bekanntes Windrotorblatt derart weiterzubilden, dass der Wirkungsgrad der durch das Windrotorblatt nutzbar gemachten Windleistung verbessert wird.The object of the invention is to develop a known wind rotor blade in such a way that the efficiency of the wind power made usable by the wind rotor blade is improved.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Windrotorblatt mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Demnach besteht das Windrotorblatt aus einem üblich geformten Rotorflügel, der erfindungsgemäß mindestens einen nahe dem freien Ende des Rotorflügels angeordneten und über die Oberfläche des Rotorflügels hinausragenden Formkörper aufweist.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a wind rotor blade with the features of claim 1. Accordingly, the wind rotor blade consists of a conventionally shaped rotor blade which, according to the invention, has at least one shaped body which is arranged near the free end of the rotor blade and projects beyond the surface of the rotor blade.
Dieser Formkörper dient einerseits zur Verhinderung der Ausbildung von Wirbelschleppen an der Rotorblattspitze. Andererseits dient er dazu, die entlang des Rotorblatts nach außen strömende Tangentialströmung zusätzlich zum Vortrieb des Rotors zu nutzen. Besondere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den sich an den Hauptanspruch anschließenden Unteransprüchen.On the one hand, this molded body serves to prevent the formation of eddy vortices at the tip of the rotor blade. On the other hand, it serves to use the tangential flow flowing outwards along the rotor blade in addition to propelling the rotor. Particular advantages of the invention result from the subclaims following the main claim.
Demnach ist der Formkörper als aerodynamisch formangepasste Platte ausgebildet, die in einem Winkel a >90° zur Windrotorblattoberfläche angestellt ist. Zusätzlich kann der Formkörper als aerodynamisch formangepasste Platte ausgebildet sein, die innerhalb der von dem Windrotorblatt aufgespannten Ebene gegenüber der Rotorlängsachse in einem Winkel ß <90° angestellt ist (vergleiche Figur 1). Vorteilhaft kann das Rotorblatt aus einem Kunststoffformkörper beispielsweise einem Composite-Werkstoff bestehen.Accordingly, the molded body is designed as an aerodynamically shaped plate which is set at an angle a> 90 ° to the wind rotor blade surface. In addition, the molded body can be designed as an aerodynamically shaped plate which is positioned within the plane spanned by the wind rotor blade at an angle β <90 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rotor (see FIG. 1). The rotor blade can advantageously consist of a molded plastic body, for example a composite material.
Zur Optimierung der Ausrichtung des Formkörpers kann ein entsprechender Verstellmechanismus vorgesehen sein, über den der Formkörper gegenüber dem Rotorblatt in seiner entsprechenden Ausrichtung zu dem Rotorblatt veränderbar ist.To optimize the alignment of the molded body, a corresponding adjustment mechanism can be provided, by means of which the shape of the molded body relative to the rotor blade can be changed relative to the rotor blade.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können mehrere Formkörper nebeneinander entlang des Rotorblattes angeordnet sein.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of shaped bodies can be arranged alongside one another along the rotor blade.
Schließlich kann die Rotorblattoberfläche Erhebungen und/oder Vertiefungen aufweisen. Ganz besonders vorteilhaft sind diese Erhebungen entsprechend der EP 07 24 691 B1 geformt.Finally, the rotor blade surface can have elevations and / or depressions. These elevations are very particularly advantageously shaped in accordance with EP 07 24 691 B1.
Der bzw. die Formkörper, die im Endbereich des Rotorflügels angeordnet sind, können auch durch eine entsprechende gewellte Formgebung im Bereich des freien Endes des Rotorflügels an der Hinterkante des Rotorflügels gebildet sein. In diesem Fall braucht also nicht unbedingt ein zusätzlicher senkrecht zum Flügel ausgerichteter Formkörper vorgesehen sein. Vielmehr wird hier durch die entsprechende Wellenbewegung im Hinterkantenbereich des Rotorflügels der Formkörper gebildet. Vorteilhaft kann das Rotorblatt, das zuvor als Windrotorblatt beschrieben wurde, nach entsprechender Dimensionsanspassung auch als Hubschrauberrotor eingesetzt werden.The molded body or bodies which are arranged in the end region of the rotor blade can also be formed by a corresponding corrugated shape in the region of the free end of the rotor blade on the rear edge of the rotor blade. In this case, it is not absolutely necessary to provide an additional shaped body oriented perpendicular to the wing. Rather, the shaped body is formed here by the corresponding wave movement in the rear edge area of the rotor blade. The rotor blade, which was previously described as a wind rotor blade, can advantageously also be used as a helicopter rotor after corresponding dimensional adaptation.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen und Vorteile der Erfindung werden an Hand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Further refinements and advantages of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
Figur 1 : den Teil eines erfindungsgemäßen Rotorblatts in perspektivischer Darstellung,FIG. 1: the part of a rotor blade according to the invention in a perspective view,
Figur 2: eine Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 mit in der Kontur angedeuteten unterschiedlich großen Formkörper,FIG. 2: a representation according to FIG. 1 with shaped bodies of different sizes indicated in the contour,
Figur 3: eine Modifikation der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 1 mit zusätzlich angeordnetem Formkörper,FIG. 3: a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 with an additionally arranged molded body,
Figur 4: eine schematisch dargestellte Variation des erfindungsgemäßen Rotorblatts mit einer Erhebungen aufweisenden Oberfläche,FIG. 4: a schematically illustrated variation of the rotor blade according to the invention with a surface having elevations,
Figur 5: eine Draufsicht und mehrere Schnittdarstellungen einer modifizierten Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Rotorblatts,FIG. 5: a top view and several sectional representations of a modified embodiment variant of the rotor blade according to the invention,
Figur 6: eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Rotorblatts im Querschnitt,FIG. 6: a further embodiment variant of the rotor blade according to the invention in cross section,
Figur 7: Draufsichten und zwei Querschnitte durch eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Rotorblattes,FIG. 7: top views and two cross sections through a further embodiment of the rotor blade according to the invention,
Figur 8: eine perspektivische Darstellung einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung des Rotorblattes, Figur 9: eine Draufsicht auf zwei weitere Modifikationen des erfindungsgemäßen Rotorblattes in schematischer Darstellung,FIG. 8: a perspective representation of a further embodiment of the rotor blade according to the invention, FIG. 9: a plan view of two further modifications of the rotor blade according to the invention in a schematic illustration,
Figur 10: eine Draufsicht und mehrere Schnittdarstellungen einer Ausführungsvariante, die ähnlich zu derjenigen gemäß Fig. 5 ist,FIG. 10: a top view and several sectional representations of an embodiment variant which is similar to that according to FIG. 5,
Figur 11 : eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen Rotorblatts im Querschnitt, die ähnlich derjenigen gemäß Fig. 6 ist,FIG. 11: a further embodiment variant of the rotor blade according to the invention in cross section, which is similar to that according to FIG. 6,
Figur 12: eine Draufsicht auf eine andere Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung,FIG. 12: a top view of another embodiment of the present invention,
Figur 13: eine wiederum andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung undFigure 13: yet another embodiment of the invention and
Figuren 14, 15: schematische Darstellung der Wellenausbildung entsprechender am Rotorblatt vorgesehener Formkörper bzw. Wellenform von Teilbereichen des Rotorblattes selbst.FIGS. 14, 15: schematic representation of the wave formation of corresponding shaped bodies or waveforms of partial areas of the rotor blade itself provided on the rotor blade.
Wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, besteht das Rotorblatt 10 gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung aus einem bauüblichen Rotorflügel 12, wie er beispielsweise bei Windpropellern von handelsüblichen Windkraftanlagen Einsatz findet. Erfindungsgemäß ist nahe dem freien Ende 14 des Rotorflügels ein über die Oberfläche des Rotorflügels hinausragender Formkörper 16 angeordnet. Wie insbesondere der Figur 1 zu entnehmen, besteht dieser Formkörper 16 aus einer aerodynamisch formangepassten Platte, die an allen Seiten über den Rotorflügel 12 hinausragt, wobei der Formkörper vereinfacht gesagt die Form eines Dreiecks mit abgerundeten Ecken aufweist.As shown in FIG. 1, the rotor blade 10 according to the present invention consists of a rotor blade 12 which is customary in construction, as is used, for example, in wind propellers of commercially available wind turbines. According to the invention, a shaped body 16 projecting beyond the surface of the rotor blade is arranged near the free end 14 of the rotor blade. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 1, this molded body 16 consists of an aerodynamically shaped plate which projects on all sides beyond the rotor blade 12, the molded body, in simple terms, having the shape of a triangle with rounded corners.
Aus der Figur 2 ist ersichtlich, dass die Form des Formkörpers 16 variieren kann. In durchgezogenen Linien ist ein vergleichsweise schmaler Formkörper dargestellt, der aber auch eine Form entsprechend der jeweils unterschiedlich gestrichelten Linien annehmen kann. Der Formkörper 16 ist, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt in einem Winkel a > 90° zur Windrotorblattoberfläche angestellt. Das bedeutet, dass die durch den Formkörper verlaufende Mittelebene gegenüber der durch den Rotorflügel 12 definierten Ebene leicht schräg angestellt sein kann, also entweder senkrecht steht oder leicht nach außen wegkippt. Andererseits kann der entsprechende Formkörper 16 innerhalb der von dem Rotorblatt aufgespannten Ebene gegenüber der Rotorlängsachse um einen Winkel ß <90° angestellt sein, wobei die Ausrichtung des Winkels ß in der Figur 1 dargestellt ist, also ausgehend von der Rotorlängsachse 18 in Richtung zur Hinterkante 20 des Rotorflügels 12. Das wiederum bedeutet, dass der Formkörper 16 in Richtung zum hinteren Ende 20 des Rotorflügels 12 leicht nach innen geneigt sein kann.It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the shape of the shaped body 16 can vary. A comparatively narrow shaped body is shown in solid lines, but can also take on a shape corresponding to the different dashed lines. The shaped body 16 is, as shown in Figure 1, at an angle a> 90 ° to the wind rotor blade surface. That means that can be set slightly obliquely through the shaped body extending central plane with respect to the plane defined by the rotor wing 12, that is, it is either vertical or tilts slightly outwards. On the other hand, the corresponding shaped body 16 can be made within the plane spanned by the rotor blade at an angle β <90 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rotor, the orientation of the angle β being shown in FIG. 1, that is, starting from the longitudinal axis 18 of the rotor in the direction of the trailing edge 20 of the rotor blade 12. This in turn means that the shaped body 16 can be inclined slightly inwards in the direction of the rear end 20 of the rotor blade 12.
In der in Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist auf dem Rotorflügel 12 im Bereich seiner Hinterkante 20 neben dem Formkörper 16 eine Reihe kleinerer Formkörper 22, 24, 26 und 28 ausgebildet, wobei diese jeweils parallel zum Formkörper angeordnet sind. Gemäß der in Figur 4 dargestellten Ausführungsvariante ist das Windrotorblatt 10 gemäß der Figur 1 mit einer Oberfläche versehen, wie sie aus der EP 724 691 B1 bekannt ist, auf die hier inhaltlich Bezug genommen wird. Die Darstellung gemäß Figur 4 ist hier nur schematisch. Durch diese zusätzliche Oberfläche werden zusätzlich die oberflächennahen Tangentialströmungskräfte zum Vortrieb des Flügels ausgenutzt.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a number of smaller shaped bodies 22, 24, 26 and 28 are formed on the rotor blade 12 in the region of its rear edge 20 in addition to the shaped body 16, these being arranged in each case parallel to the shaped body. According to the embodiment variant shown in FIG. 4, the wind rotor blade 10 according to FIG. 1 is provided with a surface as is known from EP 724 691 B1, to which reference is made here in terms of content. The illustration according to FIG. 4 is only schematic here. This additional surface also uses the near-surface tangential flow forces to propel the wing.
Eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung ergibt sich aus dem Rotorblatt 10 gemäß der Figur 5. In der Draufsicht wird deutlich, dass neben dem Formkörper 16 eine Reihe kleinerer Formkörper 30 angeordnet ist, wobei diese Formkörper, wie den Schnitten gemäß der Figuren 5a, 5b und 5c quer durch den Rotorflügel 12 zeigen (hier nicht maßstabsgetreu), eine unterschiedliche Formgebung aufweisen.A further alternative embodiment of the present invention results from the rotor blade 10 according to FIG. 5. In the plan view it is clear that a number of smaller shaped bodies 30 are arranged next to the shaped body 16, these shaped bodies, like the cuts according to FIGS. 5a, 5b and 5c show across the rotor blade 12 (not to scale here), have a different shape.
Bei der Ausgestaltung gemäß Figur 6 ist der hintere Bereich des Formkörpers 16 wellenförmig gestaltet. Ansonsten entspricht das Rotorblatt 10 im wesentlichen der Figur 1. In den Figuren 7a und 7b ist eine Ausführungsvariante gezeigt, in der der Formkörper 16 und parallel zu diesem angeordnete Formkörper 32 mittels eines „Handschuh" auf einem üblichen Rotorflügel 12 aufgebracht werden. Diese Ausführungsvariante eignet sich insbesondere für die Nachrüstung eines üblichen Rotorflügels 12. In Figur 7c und 7d sind jeweils Querschnitte durch den in den Figuren 7a bzw. 7b gezeigten Draufsichten auf die Rotorflügelteile 12 gezeigt.In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the rear region of the shaped body 16 is designed in a wave shape. Otherwise, the rotor blade 10 essentially corresponds to FIG. 1. FIGS. 7a and 7b show an embodiment variant in which the shaped body 16 and the shaped body 32 arranged parallel to it are applied to a conventional rotor blade 12 by means of a “glove”. This embodiment variant is particularly suitable for retrofitting a conventional rotor blade 12. In FIGS. 7c and 7d each show cross sections through the top views of the rotor blade parts 12 shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b.
Das in der Figur 8 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel eines Rotorblatts entspricht im wesentlichen der in Figur 1 dargestellten Form mit einem Rotorflügel 12 und einem Formkörper 16, wobei jedoch jeweils die hinteren Randbereiche 20 des Rotorflügels 12 und der hintere Bereich des Formkörpers 16 wellenförmig ausgestaltet sind. Entsprechend der in den Figuren 9a und 9b dargestellten Rotorblätter 10 sind jeweils die Gesamtkonturen der Rotorflügel 12 mit den Formkörpern 16 und den parallel hierzu angeordneten Formkörpern 34 bzw. 36 zu einer integrierten Gesamtform verschmolzen.The embodiment of a rotor blade shown in FIG. 8 essentially corresponds to the shape shown in FIG. 1 with a rotor blade 12 and a molded body 16, but the rear edge regions 20 of the rotor blade 12 and the rear region of the molded body 16 are each designed in a wave shape. According to the rotor blades 10 shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b, the overall contours of the rotor blades 12 are fused with the shaped bodies 16 and the shaped bodies 34 and 36 arranged parallel thereto to form an integrated overall shape.
In Figur 10 ist ein Rotorblatt 10 mit einem Rotorflügel 12 gezeigt. Hier ist ähnlich wie bereits in der Ausführungsvariante gemäß Fig. 5 neben einem größeren Formkörper eine Reihe kleinerer Formkörper 30 angeordnet, wobei diese Formkörper, wie die Schnitte gemäß der Figur 10a, 10b und 10c quer durch den Rotorflügel 12 zeigen (hier nicht maßstabsgetreu), eine unterschiedliche Formgebung aufweisen. Die entsprechenden Formkörper 16 bzw. 30 sind, wie hier dargestellt gewellt ausgebildet und unterscheiden sich dadurch von denjenigen gemäß der Ausführungsform nach Figur 5, die im wesentlichen glatt ausgebildet sind.FIG. 10 shows a rotor blade 10 with a rotor blade 12. 5, a row of smaller shaped bodies 30 is arranged next to a larger shaped body, similar to the embodiment variant according to FIG. 5, these shaped bodies, as the cuts according to FIGS. 10a, 10b and 10c show across the rotor blade 12 (here not to scale), have a different shape. The corresponding shaped bodies 16 and 30 are, as shown here, corrugated and differ from those according to the embodiment according to FIG. 5, which are essentially smooth.
Weiterhin ist auch der Rotorflügel 12 im Bereich der Hinterkante 20, wie in der Figur 10 angedeutet, gewellt ausgebildet, wobei die Wellenform beispielhaft in den Figuren 14 und 15 wiedergegeben ist, also in der Figur 10 nur vereinfacht dargestellt ist.Furthermore, the rotor blade 12 is also corrugated in the area of the rear edge 20, as indicated in FIG. 10, the waveform being shown by way of example in FIGS. 14 and 15, that is to say only shown in simplified form in FIG.
Wesentlich an den Wellen ist es, dass diese auch nochmals in sich gekrümmt sind, so dass sie der Flügelform folgen und dass sie nur im Bereich der Hinterkante 20 ausgebildet sind und sich nicht über die gesamte Breite des Rotorflügels 12 erstrecken.What is important about the shafts is that they are also curved again so that they follow the shape of the wing and that they are only in the area of the rear edge 20 are formed and do not extend over the entire width of the rotor blade 12.
Die Ausführungsvariante gemäß der Figur 11 entspricht weitgehend derjenigen gemäß Figur 6. Auch hier ist der Formkörper 16 wellenförmig gestaltet, wobei er allerdings nur in dem hinteren Bereich des Rotorflügels 12 ansetzt und im Unterschied zu der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 6 diesen nicht vollständig umschließt.The embodiment variant according to FIG. 11 largely corresponds to that according to FIG. 6. Here too, the shaped body 16 is designed in a wave shape, although it only starts in the rear region of the rotor blade 12 and, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 6, does not completely surround it.
Die Fig. 12 zeigt eine weitere im Rotoflügelendbereich angeordnete Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung, in welcher die Formkörper in Form von Wellen, wie sie beispielsweise anhand der Fig. 14 und 15 dargestellt sind, ausgebildet sind. Die Wellen können verschieden lang sein, wie dies hier dargestellt ist. Auch hier wird deutlich, dass die Wellen nur im Hinterkantenbereich des Rotorflügels 12 ausgebildet sind. Im Vorderkantenbereich kann ein vorspringender und abgerundeter Teil einer Flügelkante ausgebildet sein, wobei dieses Merkmal wahlweise ist. Die entsprechenden Wellen können vergleichsweise grober oder feiner sein. Die Darstellung gemäß der Figur 12 gibt hier nur einen beispielhaften Anhaltspunkt.FIG. 12 shows a further embodiment of the present invention arranged in the rotor wing end region, in which the shaped bodies are designed in the form of waves, as are shown, for example, with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15. The waves can be of different lengths, as shown here. It is also clear here that the shafts are only formed in the rear edge area of the rotor blade 12. A projecting and rounded part of a wing edge can be formed in the leading edge region, this feature being optional. The corresponding waves can be comparatively coarse or finer. The representation according to FIG. 12 gives only an exemplary reference point here.
In der Figur 13 ist eine Ausführungsvariante gezeigt, die im wesentlichen derjenigen gemäß Figur 3 entspricht, wobei hier allerdings im Bereich der Hinterkante des Rotorflügels 12 neben dem Formkörper 16 eine Reihe kleinerer Formkörper 22, 24, 26 und 28 ausgebildet sind, die hier im Unterschied zu der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 3 ebenfalls gewellt sind, wie in Figur 13 dargestellt. FIG. 13 shows an embodiment variant which essentially corresponds to that according to FIG. 3, but here in the region of the rear edge of the rotor blade 12 a number of smaller shaped bodies 22, 24, 26 and 28 are formed in addition to the shaped body 16, the difference here 3 are also corrugated to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, as shown in FIG.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Rotorblatt, vorzugsweise zum Einsatz in einem Windrad, bestehend aus einem Rotorflügel, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens einen nahe dem freien Ende des Rotorflügels angeordneten und über die Oberfläche des Rotorflügels hinausragenden Formkörper.1. rotor blade, preferably for use in a wind turbine, consisting of a rotor blade, characterized by at least one shaped body arranged near the free end of the rotor blade and projecting beyond the surface of the rotor blade.
2. Rotorblatt nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Formkörper als aerodynamisch formangepaßte Platte ausgebildet ist, die in einem Winkel a ≥ 90° zur Rotorblattoberfläche angestellt ist.2. Rotor blade according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaped body is designed as an aerodynamically shaped plate which is made at an angle a ≥ 90 ° to the rotor blade surface.
3. Rotorblatt nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Formkörper als aerodynamisch formangepaßte Platte ausgebildet ist, die innerhalb der von dem Rotorblatt aufgespannten Ebene gegenüber der Rotorlängsachse in einem Winkel ß ≤90° angestellt ist 3. Rotor blade according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shaped body is designed as an aerodynamically shaped plate which is set within the plane spanned by the rotor blade at an angle β ≤90 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rotor
4. Rotorblatt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus einem Kunststofformkörper besteht.4. Rotor blade according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it consists of a molded plastic body.
5. Rotorblatt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausrichtung des Formkörpers gegenüber dem Rotorblatt veränderlich ist.5. Rotor blade according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the orientation of the shaped body relative to the rotor blade is variable.
6. Rotorblatt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Formkörper nebeneinander entlang des Rotorblattes angeordnet sind.6. Rotor blade according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a plurality of moldings are arranged side by side along the rotor blade.
7. Rotorblatt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rotorblattoberfäche Erhebungen und/oder Vertiefungen aufweist.7. Rotor blade according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rotor blade surface has elevations and / or depressions.
8. Rotorblatt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der mindestens eine nahe dem freien Ende des Rotorflügels angeordnete und über die Oberfläche des Rotorflügels hinausragender Formkörper durch eine wellenförmige Formgebung der Hinterkante des Rotorflügels gebildet ist.8. Rotor blade according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one near the free end of the rotor blade and projecting beyond the surface of the rotor blade is formed by a wavy shape of the rear edge of the rotor blade.
9. Verwendung eines Rotorblattes nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 als Hubschrauberrotorblatt 9. Use of a rotor blade according to one of claims 1 to 8 as a helicopter rotor blade
EP04705413A 2003-01-30 2004-01-27 Rotor blade for a wind power station Withdrawn EP1592884A1 (en)

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DE20301445U 2003-01-30
DE20301445U DE20301445U1 (en) 2003-01-30 2003-01-30 rotor blade
PCT/EP2004/000687 WO2004067956A1 (en) 2003-01-30 2004-01-27 Rotor blade for a wind power station

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US20060018759A1 (en) 2006-01-26
CA2514064A1 (en) 2004-08-12
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WO2004067956A1 (en) 2004-08-12
CA2514064C (en) 2012-09-11
US7566203B2 (en) 2009-07-28

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