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EP1574791B1 - Elektrische Heizvorrichtung für Kraftfahrzeugventilationsanordnung - Google Patents

Elektrische Heizvorrichtung für Kraftfahrzeugventilationsanordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1574791B1
EP1574791B1 EP04425157A EP04425157A EP1574791B1 EP 1574791 B1 EP1574791 B1 EP 1574791B1 EP 04425157 A EP04425157 A EP 04425157A EP 04425157 A EP04425157 A EP 04425157A EP 1574791 B1 EP1574791 B1 EP 1574791B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric heater
radiators
stack
slat
ptc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04425157A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1574791A1 (de
Inventor
Duilio Fusaro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CEBI SpA
Original Assignee
CEBI SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by CEBI SpA filed Critical CEBI SpA
Priority to AT04425157T priority Critical patent/ATE340977T1/de
Priority to EP04425157A priority patent/EP1574791B1/de
Priority to DE602004002556T priority patent/DE602004002556T2/de
Publication of EP1574791A1 publication Critical patent/EP1574791A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1574791B1 publication Critical patent/EP1574791B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0441—Interfaces between the electrodes of a resistive heating element and the power supply means
    • F24H3/0447—Forms of the electrode terminals, e.g. tongues or clips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
    • F24H3/0476—Means for putting the electric heaters in the frame under strain, e.g. with springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F24H9/1872—PTC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/50—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material heating conductor arranged in metal tubes, the radiating surface having heat-conducting fins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
    • H05B2203/023—Heaters of the type used for electrically heating the air blown in a vehicle compartment by the vehicle heating system

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with an electric heater for automobile ventilation systems.
  • Car passenger compartments have been traditionally heated by heat exchangers placed in the air path of the compartment ventilation system and connected in the hydraulic circuit of the cooling system of the vehicle engine. More recently, in order to have an immediately effective heating also at initial start of the car, heat exchangers are supplemented more and more with electric heaters, generally using PTC resistors (also called thermistors) as heating sources. These electric heaters are installed in the air conduit within the ventilation cabinet to be traversed by the ventilation airflow, and they are usually turned on for transient periods.
  • PTC resistors also called thermistors
  • EP-1 370 117 discloses an electric heater of the above type, in which PTC pellets are clamped between stacked radiators consisting of fretted aluminum bars which also lead the electric current to the PTC pellets and are in thermal and electric contact therewith.
  • the stack of radiators is encased in a rectangular frame comprising leaf springs acting on both sides of the stack to compress it in order to maintain an efficient conduction between the radiators and the PTC pellets.
  • US5854471 discloses an electrical heater for automobile ventilator systems comprising a number of elongated radiators in thermal and electrical contact with PTC pellets. Said contact is ensured by a wavy-formed metal part acting as a spring against the flat-opposed surfaces of the radiators.
  • the main object of this invention is now to provide an electric heater of the above type, which is less complex, less expensive and more efficient than the electric heaters of the prior art. More particular aims of the invention are to reduce the number of parts of the heater, to simplify its assembly, and to increase the total heat exchange surface between the heater and the flow of air crossing the heater.
  • an electric heater according to the preferred embodiment of the invention comprises six elongated radiators 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, which are arranged one above another to form a stack.
  • Each radiator is a bar of aluminum or of a similar conductive material, that is fretted or windowed to allow air to flow across it.
  • each of the four innermost radiators 12, 14, 16, 18 has a flat surface 22 on one side and is fretted with comb fins such as 24, 26, 28 on the opposite side.
  • the flat surface 22 has spaced recesses such as 30, and the comb fins are uneven in length, with longer fins such as 24 alternating with groups of shorter fins such as 26, 28.
  • the outermost radiators 10, 20 are fretted with closed windows, the internal profile of each window also being comb-shaped.
  • Each of the six radiators is provided with a respective electric terminal, preferably made as an integral lug such as 32, carrying a swaged metal tongue 34.
  • the six radiators are arranged in parallel pairs 10 and 12, 14 and 16, 18 and 20, with mutually facing flat surfaces 22 in each pair. Between the flat surfaces in each pair, a number of PTC pellets such as 36 are clamped to be in thermal and electric conduction with each radiator of the associated pair.
  • Each PTC pellet is encased in a respective rectangular gasket such as 38, made of a soft synthetic material such as a silicone resin, which makes a tight contact with the adjacent flat surfaces of the encompassing radiators, so that the PTC pellet is protected from the flow of air and therefore from oxidation which might be caused by humidity and pollutants.
  • the combs of radiators 12 and 14, as well as the combs of radiators 16 and 18, also face each other, and the uneven comb fins are designed so that in each radiator a longer fin 24 will be aligned with a short fin 26, 28 of the adjacent radiator.
  • Steel slats 40, 42 are arranged between the facing combs of radiators 12, 14 and 16, 18, respectively, so that they will be elastically deformed by the interplay of the longer and shorter fins of the facing combs, to operate as a leaf spring acting to expand the stack of radiators in a crosswise direction and bias the facing flat surfaces in each pair of radiators against each other, for a good contact with the sandwiched PTC pellets.
  • Bracket 44, 46 Two brackets 44, 46, preferably moulded in a rigid synthetic material, are attached to the opposite ends of the stack comprising the six radiators, as well as the PTC pellets and the steel slats, to maintain the unit assembled.
  • bracket 44 is provided with longitudinal guides 48 to retain the stack of radiators laterally, and with transoms 50, 52 abutting on respective ledges 54, 56, projecting at the ends of the outermost radiators 10, 20.
  • Bracket 44 also has two pairs of latches 58, 60, which grasp by snap action respective crosspieces 62, 64 at the ends of each of the outermost radiators 10, 20.
  • Bracket 46 is similar to bracket 44 in having lateral guides 66 to retain the stack of radiators laterally, projections 68 abutting on respective lugs 32 of the outermost radiators 10, 20 and elastic latches 70 grasping crosspieces 72 on the outermost radiators.
  • bracket 46 is also provided with a mounting flange 74 for mounting the heater within the ventilation system.
  • bracket 46 has slots such as 76 to house the contact terminals 34 for connection to external circuitry not shown.
  • the heater of the invention can be manufactured more economically, since the number of parts is smaller than in prior art heaters and the parts themselves are generally less complex.
  • the individual radiators are preferably manufactured by cutting transversely at intervals suitably profiled extruded aluminum bars, while the elastic compression of the stack is obtained by simple, straight steel slats which only need to be cut to size, without any bending or punching operations.
  • the brackets are easily mouldable, single-piece parts.
  • the stack of radiators and PTC pellets may be formed in a jig by merely placing the several parts one above the the other, and then the heater is completed by approaching the brackets to the ends of the stack and pushing until the latches click into engagement.
  • radiators are preferred because of their high heating efficiency, other designs might be used,the only requirement being that the radiators sandwiching the steel slats have uneven facing surfaces, i.e. surfaces having ridges and recesses interplaying with each other to elastically deform the steel slat.
  • different locking means might be used between the end brackets and the stack, and the snap-action latches might be replaced by other fastening means such as screws.
  • the number of radiators or of PTC pellets in the stack might also be different from what has been described and shown in the preferred embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Elektrischer Heizer für Fahrzeugbelüftungssysteme, mit einer Reihe gestapelter, gestreckter, durchbrochener Heizkörper (10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20) in thermischem und elektrischem Kontakt mit zwischen benachbarte Heizkörper geklemmten PTC-Pellets (36), wobei wenigstens ein steifelastischer Streifen (40, 42) zwischen wenigstens einem Paar benachbarter Heizkörper angeordnet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einander zugewandten Flächen Letzterer komplementäre Rippen (24) und Vertiefungen (26, 28) haben, wodurch der Streifen elastisch verformt wird.
  2. Elektrischer Heizer nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der steifelastische Streifen (40, 42) ein flacher Streifen aus Federstahl ist.
  3. Elektrischer Heizer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einander zugewandten Flächen des Paars benachbarter Heizkörper kammförmig sind mit ungleich langen Lamellen (24, 26, 28).
  4. Elektrischer Heizer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ferner zwei an entsprechenden Enden des Heizkörperstapels querverlaufende Halter (44, 46) aufweist, die jeweils Anschläge (50, 52, 68) haben, welche die Enden der äußersten Heizkörper halten, um den Stapel zusammengebaut zu halten.
  5. Elektrischer Heizer nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Halter seitliche Führungen (48, 66) zum seitlichen Begrenzen des Stapels hat.
  6. Elektrischer Heizer nach Anspruch 4 oder 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Halter einschnappende Zungen (58, 60, 70) aufweist, die in zugehörige Querstücke (62, 72) an den entgegengesetzten Enden der äußersten Heizkörper in dem Stapel eingreifen.
  7. Elektrischer Heizer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Heizkörper einen elektrischen Anschluss (32, 34) an einem Ende hat und dass einer der Halter Schlitze (74) zur Aufnahme des entsprechenden Anschlusses hat.
  8. Elektrischer Heizer nach Anspruch 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder elektrische Anschluss eine sich einstückig von dem Heizkörper erstreckende Pratze (32) und eine auf die Pratze gepresste Metallzunge (34) aufweist.
  9. Elektrischer Heizer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes PTC-Pellet in einer Dichtung (38) in enger Berührung mit den ebenen Flächen der angrenzenden Heizkörper eingeschlossen ist.
  10. Elektrischer Heizer nach Anspruch 9,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichtung (38) aus einem Silikonharz besteht.
EP04425157A 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Elektrische Heizvorrichtung für Kraftfahrzeugventilationsanordnung Expired - Lifetime EP1574791B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04425157T ATE340977T1 (de) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Elektrische heizvorrichtung für kraftfahrzeugventilationsanordnung
EP04425157A EP1574791B1 (de) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Elektrische Heizvorrichtung für Kraftfahrzeugventilationsanordnung
DE602004002556T DE602004002556T2 (de) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Elektrische Heizvorrichtung für Kraftfahrzeugventilationseinrichtung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04425157A EP1574791B1 (de) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Elektrische Heizvorrichtung für Kraftfahrzeugventilationsanordnung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1574791A1 EP1574791A1 (de) 2005-09-14
EP1574791B1 true EP1574791B1 (de) 2006-09-27

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Family Applications (1)

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EP04425157A Expired - Lifetime EP1574791B1 (de) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Elektrische Heizvorrichtung für Kraftfahrzeugventilationsanordnung

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1574791B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE340977T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004002556T2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2242327B1 (de) 2009-04-14 2016-05-25 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Elektrische Heizvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE602005009157D1 (de) 2005-06-09 2008-10-02 Cebi Spa Elektrischer Heizer für Fahrzeugventilationsanordnung
FR2889299A1 (fr) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-02 Calorigen Usa Corp Element echangeur de temperature realise par extrusion et ses applications
FR2889294A1 (fr) * 2005-10-12 2007-02-02 Calorigen Usa Corp Module de radiation comportant un element echangeur de temperature monobloc extrude et ses applications
EP1839920B1 (de) 2006-03-31 2013-02-13 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Elektrischer Heizer für eine Heizungs- oder Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs
FR2901658B1 (fr) * 2006-05-24 2013-05-17 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Element metallique dissipant une energie thermique, traverse par un flux d'air et par un courant electrique
EP1967398A1 (de) 2007-03-06 2008-09-10 CEBI S.p.A. Elektrische Heizeinheit für Fahrzeugbelüftungssysteme
DE102008033142A1 (de) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-21 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Fahrzeugheizung
DE202010011016U1 (de) 2010-08-04 2011-10-10 Ingo Schehr Elektrisches Heizmodul mit PTC-Element zum elektrischen Erwärmen eines Luftstroms
DE102010033310B4 (de) 2010-08-04 2012-06-14 Ingo Schehr Elektrisches Heizmodul mit PTC-Element zum elektrischen Erwärmen eines Luftstroms
DE202014101560U1 (de) 2014-04-02 2014-05-27 Bürkert Werke GmbH Elektronikeinheit eines Fluidsensors oder -ventils sowie Fluidsensor- oder Fluidventileinheit
FR3032388B1 (fr) * 2015-02-10 2018-07-27 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif de chauffage electrique
CN105459967A (zh) * 2015-12-08 2016-04-06 芜湖恒美电热器具有限公司 一种太阳能ptc汽车除霜装置
FR3053205A1 (fr) * 2016-06-22 2017-12-29 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif de chauffage additionnel electrique et son procede de fabrication

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5256857A (en) * 1990-08-22 1993-10-26 Texas Instruments Incorporated Finned PTC air heater assembly for heating an automotive passenger compartment
US5471034A (en) * 1993-03-17 1995-11-28 Texas Instruments Incorporated Heater apparatus and process for heating a fluid stream with PTC heating elements electrically connected in series
JPH0855673A (ja) * 1994-08-10 1996-02-27 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 正特性サーミスタ発熱装置
IT249474Y1 (it) * 2000-02-17 2003-05-19 Eltek Spa Radiatore elettrico.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2242327B1 (de) 2009-04-14 2016-05-25 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Elektrische Heizvorrichtung
EP2242327B2 (de) † 2009-04-14 2020-03-25 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Elektrische Heizvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE340977T1 (de) 2006-10-15
DE602004002556T2 (de) 2007-01-18
DE602004002556D1 (de) 2006-11-09
EP1574791A1 (de) 2005-09-14

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