EP1568620A1 - Outlet device for a container containing granular products - Google Patents

Abstract

The discharge unit has a dish insert (13) installed in a body (11) and has an upper overhanging edge (27) which in the region of the contact face is retained between the container and discharge body. On a lower edge (32), an annular lower opening (30) is located on the insert side opposite the overhanging edge, and an encircling gap (33) is formed between the edge of the opening and wall (31) of the body. A chamber (35) is formed between the wall of the discharge body and wall (28) of the dish insert.

Description

The invention relates to a discharge device of a container for dusty or granular bulk with a cone shaped down itself on a narrower cross-section of a connecting piece for a delivery line narrowing outlet body, wherein the outlet device or the Outlet body is reversibly connected to the container.

For bulk containers, such as tall silos in the floor area arranged outflow cones, the bulk material is in the lower area strongly compressed by the upcoming fill level, causing it to Bridging education in bulk can come. The overlying Bulk material is held by the bridge training, so that a further leakage of the bulk material is prevented. For this reason Special precautions must be taken to avoid any eventuality Bridge formation from the beginning to prevent bulk material leakage or, if this is due to correspondingly long storage times, again break. Single-walled rigid spouts can not afford this why the conical spout is double-walled. To usually the inner funnel-shaped outlet surface is made air-permeable sheet material formed so that between the outer air-impermeable conical wall and the Innenkegelwandung entered Compressed air can flow into the bulk material cone space and This bridge formation is avoided or dissolved again. The Type of compressed air supply can be continuous or intermittent and leads in each case to a short-term shaking movement of the outlet cone inner wall, which continuously supports bulk material removal. Indeed the inner sheath of foil material may not be arranged in such a way be that during the compressed air assisted bulk material removal a pocket formation is favored. To a low-friction fluidity of the To ensure bulk material, therefore, the inner film coat firmly clamped at the top and at the bottom by means of clamping constructions, which are known in various embodiments, held. However, these clamping structures also have disadvantages connected, which has the advantage of minimizing friction during bulk material discharge partly ruined again. So are sometimes the to Clamping required means arranged in the cone interior and thus stand hinders the outflowing goods in the way. In addition, the constructive Expense for the jigs relatively large, which also a high Maintenance is connected.

When moving silo containers, for example on vehicles occurs through the An additional solidification, which makes emptying difficult.

Another problem of the outlet devices with internal air-permeable Outlet surface made of fabric material is given by that the dusty or granular bulk material causes wear of the Fabric material leads, which is why it is necessary, this internal Replace fabric material after wear. The lifetimes for the Fabric material is therefore very low.

It is therefore an object of the present invention, an outlet device to create for bulk containers, which effectively loosens the bulk material and ensures emptying of the bulk material and a low requires design effort, with the life compared to the State of the art should be significantly increased.

This object is achieved by the outlet device according to claim 1.

For this purpose, the invention provides to provide a discharge device, the one conically down to a narrower cross-section having a connecting piece narrowing for a delivery line, wherein the outlet device is reversibly connected to the container is and wherein arranged in the outlet body a bowl insert is having an upper protruding edge, which is in the range of Contact surface between the container and outlet body clamped becomes. The bowl insert has circular openings on both sides on, wherein in the region of the wall of the outlet body a gap between the edge of the opening of the bowl insert and the wall the outlet body results.

The wall of the bowl insert can in relation to the wall of the Outlet body run variously, the walls themselves do not touch. Thus, the wall of the bowl insert parallel to Run wall of the outlet body or tapered tapering on this be educated. Also mixed forms with parallel and tapered Sections of the bowl insert or sections of the Bowl insert, the different angles of inclination to the wall the outlet device, are possible according to the invention.

Basically, any other configurations is possible if a annular gap between the two walls is maintained.

Through a nozzle for compressed air in the area of the outlet body is provided, where between the walls of the outlet body and the bowl insert a space is formed, compressed air is in the Launch device initiated, so that the bulk material loosened and Bridges are broken up and the bulk material can drain, with This process is additionally accelerated by the compressed air.

Due to the configuration of the outlet device with a gap, preferably 2mm and through which the compressed air in the direction of the connecting piece flows, is a quick and unhindered emptying of the silo container ensured. Depending on the flow velocity The compressed air is a permanent or short-term Oscillation of the bowl insert generates, which additionally a loosening of the bulk material causes. It is advantageous if elastic Material is used for the bowl insert.

In the bowl insert can also bulges, in particular beads, which secure the gap from above and lead to the gap, be arranged in conjunction with the vibrations generated by the compressed air support emptying.

Depending on the material properties of the bowl insert can a curvature of the bowl insert by applying Compressed air are generated, so that when blowing in the compressed air with periodic pressure fluctuations also oscillations or even one Rattling can be caused, which loosens the bulk material becomes.

According to another preferred embodiment, the bowl insert led into the region of the outlet of the outlet body, wherein the corresponding opening of the bowl insert provided with a nozzle can be. In this embodiment, the gap between the Walls closed with an annular seal. In the wall The bowl insert is also a wall penetrating arranged tubular body, which via corresponding means on Bowl insert is held. The tubular body is on the inside the bowl insert closed at the end, however, the side Holes o. The like. Are provided. Above these holes, the tubular body a lip-like annular body made of rubber o. Like. On whose outer edge rests on the bowl insert and so on Cavity into which the holes of the tubular body open forms. Through the nozzle for compressed air is compressed air in the space passed between the bowl insert and the spout body, from where it is pressed into the tubular body and in through the lip-shaped annular body passes. The compressed air lifts the rubber lip so that a jarring movement results, which is the bulk material Fanning. There may be one or more of these tubular bodies in be provided the bowl insert.

Instead of the tubular body of the bowl insert with a coarse mesh mat, preferably made of stainless steel, aluminum o. The like. Occupied be. This mat can be made with strips, preferably also made of stainless steel o. Be like. Strengthened, which are guided through the strip holes, which correspond with corresponding holes in the bowl insert. The Overlying holes can also be provided with a rivet be, which connects the mat and the bowl insert, wherein an opening is preserved in the middle of the rivet.

The mat can also consist of very coarse-meshed fabric, wherein then openings are provided in the bowl insert, extending from extending upward at the bottom and preferably narrowing towards below, Strips are not necessary for reinforcement.

The outlet device is preferably connected to the silo container via a Flange by eye or hook screws or a quick-release device connected.

Between the edges of the outlet device and the container is a ring seal arranged in addition to one on one of the edges circumferential groove can be inserted, the ring seal of course must stand out for sealing. The ring seal acts on it also the cantilever edge of the bowl insert and fix this In addition It is also possible that in the two opposite Rims ring seals are inserted into corresponding grooves.

The effect of the outlet device according to the invention is optimized in such a way that even with angled connecting pieces the emptying of the Bulk material is easily possible.

The bowl insert is preferably made of stainless steel or aluminum manufactured. But there are also suitable plastics which have a sufficient mechanical strength and abrasion resistance, whereby also fiber-reinforced and coated plastics are used can, which by the surface treatment a resistant and obtained low-friction surface. Also composites from different Materials can be used to differentiate Requirements for mechanical strength and resistance to Abrasion meet.

Advantageously, over the prior art, in which the Outlet body is lined with foil, a pocket formation completely prevented.

In addition, the outlet device according to the invention can be advantageously also by retrofitting a bowl insert in existing Silo containers create, as this only in the flange between container and outlet body must be clamped. There are no additional ones Attachment points necessary for the bowl insert.

The existence of the gap between the walls is in all embodiments, even with those closed by a ring seal Gap, essential because only by the free mobility of the bowl insert when applying compressed air of the desired Success can be brought about.

To ensure the existence of the gap, it is possible between two walls to arrange spacers, which also on the bowl insert can be fixed.

For certain applications, in addition, the bowl insert can be completely take out so that no objects at all Material flow are located.

The simple structural design also allows a very simple Cleaning, especially in the food and chemical sector of great importance.

Further advantageous embodiments are characterized in the subclaims.

Fig. 1

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Auslaufeinrichtung eines Behälters für staubförmiges oder körniges Schüttgut,

Fig. 2.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine schematisierte Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Auslaufeinrichtung,

Fig. 3.

in einer Abwicklung ein Schüsseleinsatz,

Fig. 4.

in einer Detailansicht von oben der Rand eines Schüsseleinsatzes mit Sicken,

Fig. 5.

in einer Detailansicht von der Seite der Rand eines Schüssleinsatzes mit Sicken,

Fig. 6.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Auslaufeinrichtung mit Schüsseleinsatz mit Sicken nach einer anderen Ausführungsform,

Fig. 7.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine schematisierte Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Auslaufeinrichtung ohne Schüsseleinsatz,

Fig. 8.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Auslaufeinrichtung mit Schüsseleinsatz mit einem Auflockerungsventil,

Fig. 9.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Auslaufeinrichtung mit Schüsseleinsatz mit einer eingelegter Matte und

Fig. 10.

in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Auslaufeinrichtung mit Schüsseleinsatz mit einer eingelegten metallischen Matte nach einer anderen Ausführungsform.

Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

in a sectional side view of an outlet device according to the invention of a container for dusty or granular bulk material,

Fig. 2.

in a sectional side view of a schematic representation of an outlet device according to the invention,

Fig. 3.

in a settlement a bowl insert,

Fig. 4.

in a detail view from above the edge of a bowl insert with beads,

Fig. 5.

in a detail view from the side of the edge of a bowl insert with beads,

Fig. 6.

in a sectional side view of an outlet device according to the invention with bowl insert with beads according to another embodiment,

Fig. 7.

in a sectional side view of a schematic representation of an outlet device according to the invention without bowl insert,

Fig. 8.

in a sectional side view of an outlet device according to the invention with bowl insert with a loosening valve,

Fig. 9.

in a sectional side view of an outlet device according to the invention with bowl insert with an inlaid mat and

Fig. 10.

in a sectional side view of an outlet device according to the invention with bowl insert with an inserted metallic mat according to another embodiment.

The outlet device 100, for example, both for stationary silo container as well as for such containers, the body part of a vehicle are used. Such containers have one or more of the illustrated Outlet devices 100. The partially illustrated silo container body 10 is connected to a funnel-shaped outlet body 11 which together with a arranged in its interior 12 bowl insert 13 forms the outlet device 100. The outlet 14 of the outlet body 11, as shown in Fig. 1, be angled or, as in FIGS. 6 to 10, with a flange 15 for connecting any Be provided facilities. The outlet body 11 is connected to the silo container body 10 connected via a quick-release device 16, wherein at the edge 17 of the silo container body 10 in a groove 18 a Ring seal 19 is located, which surrounds the peripheral edge 20 of the outlet body 11 contacted, which, as shown in Figs. 6 to 10, also on a ring seal 21 which is arranged in a groove 22 may have. The ring seal 19 and the ring seals 19, 21 protrude slightly from the respective groove 18, 22 out, wherein the ring seals 19, 21 in the area of the base 23, 24 of the groove 18, 22 a cavity 25, 26 (Fig. 6 to 10) may have to compensate for tolerances. Between the circulating Edge 18 or the ring seal of the outlet body 11 and the ring seal 17 of the silo container body 10 is the projecting edge 27 of the Bowl insert 13 is arranged, whereby the bowl insert 13 in its position in the interior 12 of the outlet body 11 is fixed. The Wall 28 of the bowl insert 13 is opposite the cantilevered Angled edge 27 of the bowl insert 13. The bowl insert 13 is open at its end 14 facing the end 29, so that a circular opening 30 results (Figure 3).

In the embodiments of the outlet device 100 according to FIG. 1 and 2 and extends the wall 28 of the bowl insert 13 in the direction the wall 31 of the outlet body 11, but without touching them. Between the edge 32 of the opening 30 and the wall 31 of the outlet body 11 remains a gap 33, is pressed by the compressed air, which passes via a pipe 34 in the outlet body 11. The stub 34 leads into through the wall 28 of the bowl insert 13 and the Wall 31 of the outlet body 11 formed space 35. The exit of the Compressed air through the gap 33 then supports the emptying of the silo container body 10. At the outlet 14 is a connection piece 36 for a conveyor line not shown o. The like. For deriving the Bulk material. The embodiment shown in Figure 2 has a bowl insert 13, which is provided with beads 37, located at the outlet 14 directed end 29 and the edge 32 of the bowl insert 13 are located. For safe gap formation about 8 to 12 are uniform distributed beads 37 provided on the edge 32 (Fig. 4). In a proven Embodiment, each bead 37 has an approximately rectangular cross-section with a width of about 10 mm and a depth of about 5 mm. By the illustrated in Fig. 5 design of the lower end 38 of each Bead 37 is achieved that a gap 33 of about 2 mm between the Bowl insert 13 and the outlet 14 annular circumferential forms. The embodiment of the outlet device 100 shown in FIG. 6 has likewise at the end 14 facing the end 29 or at the edge 32 beads 39, but these are wedge-shaped, the beads 39 widen to the lower end 40. Furthermore, the wall 28 of the Bowl insert 13 largely parallel to the wall 31 of the outlet body 11 led. Only the end 29 of the bowl insert 13, the Beading 39 carries, is in the direction of the wall 31 of the outlet body eleventh angled, so that the annular circumferential gap 33 results. A Outlet device 100, in which the bowl insert 13 is removed, is shown in FIG. The bowl inserts 13 and their walls 28th the embodiments of the outlet device 100 according to FIGS. 8 to 10 are in contrast to the other embodiments of cantilevered Edge 27 from parallel to the wall 31 of the outlet body 11 to guided in the outlet 14, wherein the opening 30 of the bowl insert 13 is provided with a nozzle 41. There is also an annular seal 42 with a round cross section in the region of the nozzle 41 between the Wall 28 of the bowl insert 13 and the wall 31 of the outlet body 11 arranged so that the introduced through the nozzle 34 Compressed air not through the gap 33 between the bowl insert 13 and outlet body 11 can escape. 8 is on the bowl insert 13th this penetrating a tubular body 43 is arranged. On the to Outlet body 11 facing side 44 is the tubular body 43 with secured a nut 45. On the other side 46 of the bowl insert 13, the tubular body 43 is closed at its free end 47. The tubular body 43 has an annular at the free end 47 Rubber body 48 on which a lip 49 forms, around the tubular body 43 abuts against the bowl insert 13 and thus forms a cavity 50. In the region of the cavity 50, the tubular body 43 laterally a bore 51 through the compressed air is directed. Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of the outlet device 100 whose bowl insert 13 is provided with a coarse-mesh mat 52 is at the top 53 and at the bottom 54 each with a Strip 55, 56 is provided for reinforcement. Corresponding stripes 57 additionally run from the upper to the lower edge 53, 54 or between the strips 55, 56 located there. In the strips 55, 56, 57 holes 58 are arranged with holes 59 in the bowl insert 13th correspond. A similar embodiment of the outlet device also shows Fig. 10, in which an even coarser-meshed metallic mat 60, which is designed as a sieve, net or or arranged in the bowl insert is. However, here are only in the bowl insert 13 through holes 61 is provided, extending from the projecting edge 27 to the Extend opening 30 and narrow towards the opening 30 out.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

outlet device

100

Silobehälterkörper

10

spout body

11

inner space

12

dished insert

13

outlet

14

flange

15

Quick clamping device

16

Edge of the silo container body

17

groove

18

ring seal

19

surrounding border

20

ring seal

21

groove

22

Reason of the groove

23, 24

cavity

25, 26

cantilevered edge

27

wall

28

The End

29

circular opening

30

wall

31

edge

32

gap

33

Support

34

room

35

spigot

36

Beading

37

lower end

38

Beading

39

lower end

40

Support

41

annular seal

42

tubular body

43

page

44

mother

45

page

46

free end

47

rubber body

48

lip

49

cavity

50

drilling

51

mat

52

upper edge

53

lower edge

54

strip

55, 56, 57

holes

58, 59

mat

60

Through opening

61

Claims (27)

Outlet device (100) of a container for dusty or granular bulk material with a conically downwardly narrowing to a narrower cross section of a connecting piece (36) for a delivery line outlet body (11), wherein the outlet device (100) and the outlet body (11) reversible is connected to the container, characterized in that in the outlet body (11) a bowl insert (13) is arranged, which has an upper projecting edge (27) which is held in the region of the contact surface between the container and outlet body (11), wherein a lower edge (32) has a circular lower opening (30) on the side of the bowl insert (13) opposite the projecting edge (27), a circumferential gap (33) forming the wall (31) of the outlet body (11); and that the bowl insert (13) has a at the opening (30) integrally formed nozzle (41) which hininragt in the outlet (14), wherein in the Bereic h of the nozzle (41) between the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) and the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) an annular seal (42) is arranged, that in the bowl insert (13) a coarse mesh mat (60) inserted is, wherein in the bowl insert (13) through openings (61) are provided. Outlet device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) converges conically towards the wall (31) of the outlet body (11), without touching the wall (31), so that between the wall (31 ) of the outlet body (11) and the wall (28) of the bowl insert (11) a space (35) is formed. Outlet device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) converges conically towards the wall (31) of the outlet body (11), without touching the wall (31), wherein the wall (28) of the Bowl insert (13) has at least two regions which have a different angle to the wall (31) of the outlet body (11), so that between the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) and the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) Space (35) is formed. Outlet device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) parallel to the wall (31) of the outlet body (11), so that between the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) and the wall (28 ) of the bowl insert (13) a space (35) is formed. Outlet device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) parallel to the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) and in the region of the lower edge (32) of the bowl insert (13) the wall (28) is bent so that this area, the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) approaches without the wall (31) to touch, so that between the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) and the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) a space (35) is formed. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a connecting piece (34) for the introduction of compressed air in the region of the outlet body (11) is provided, where between the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) and the wall (28). the bowl insert (13) a space (35) is formed. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the gap (33) is 2mm wide. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the bowl insert (13) between the container and outlet body (11) is clamped. Outlet device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring seal (42) has a round cross-section. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the tubular body (43) is fixed with releasable means on the bowl insert (13). Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the bowl insert (13) a coarse mesh mat (52) is inserted, which at the top and at the bottom (53, 54) provided with strips (55, 56) for reinforcement wherein strips (57) also run between the marginal strips (55, 56), and in that the strips (55, 56, 57) have holes (58) corresponding to holes (59) in the bowl insert (13) , Outlet device according to claim 11, characterized in that the mat (52) is fixed reversibly. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the bowl insert (13) has a coarse mesh mat (60) is inserted, wherein in the bowl insert (13) passage openings (61) are provided. Outlet device according to claim 13, characterized in that the passage opening extend approximately from the upper projecting edge (27) to the edge (32) of the opening (30) in the region of the outlet (14). Outlet device according to claim 11 or 14, characterized in that the passage openings (61) taper towards the outlet (14). Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the outlet body (11) in the region of the connecting piece (36) has an angled arranged outlet (14) for a conveying line. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the container is connected to the outlet body (11) via a flange. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the container with the outlet body (11) via a quick-release device (15) is interconnected. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that in the connection region between the container and outlet body (11) one or two ring seals (19, 21) is or are arranged. Outlet device according to claim 19, characterized in that the annular seal (19) or the ring seals (19, 21) in a in the edge (17, 20) of the container and / or the outlet body (11) encircling groove (18, 22) inserted are and stand out. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the bowl insert (13) has beads (37, 39) which lead from the projecting edge (27) to the gap (33) adjacent edge (32). Outfeed device according to one of Claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the bowl insert (13) has beads (37, 39) which are arranged in the region of the edge (32) adjacent to the gap (33) and lead to the edge (32). Outlet device according to claim 22, characterized in that the beads (39) are wedge-shaped and widen to the edge (32) of the opening (30). Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that between the wall (28) of the bowl insert (13) and the wall (31) of the outlet body (11) spacers are arranged. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the bowl insert (13) and its parts made of stainless steel, aluminum or another metal. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the bowl insert (13) and its parts made of plastic, fiber-reinforced plastic, coated plastic or a composite. Outlet device according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that material of the bowl insert (13) is resilient.

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