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EP1561914A2 - Electromagnetic valve actuator in an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Electromagnetic valve actuator in an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1561914A2
EP1561914A2 EP05300062A EP05300062A EP1561914A2 EP 1561914 A2 EP1561914 A2 EP 1561914A2 EP 05300062 A EP05300062 A EP 05300062A EP 05300062 A EP05300062 A EP 05300062A EP 1561914 A2 EP1561914 A2 EP 1561914A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnet
valve
coil
current
permanent magnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05300062A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1561914B1 (en
EP1561914A3 (en
Inventor
Cédric Morin
Emmanuel Sedda
Christophe Fageon
Christophe Baldi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP1561914A2 publication Critical patent/EP1561914A2/en
Publication of EP1561914A3 publication Critical patent/EP1561914A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1561914B1 publication Critical patent/EP1561914B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device of the type electromechanical system for opening and closing intake valves and / or exhaust for a combustion engine, in particular a combustion engine internal.
  • valves In an internal combustion engine, the valves are open or closed at specific times in the operating cycle. In the most common motors, control of opening and closing is done mechanically depending on the position of the crankshaft. In recent years, electromechanical controls of valves have been developed which have the advantage of simplifying the implementation of the motor and to allow durations and moments of opening and closing valves that can be chosen at will to optimize engine performance.
  • Such electromechanical devices for controlling valves generally comprise a pallet, or magnetic plate cooperating with two electromagnets and two springs.
  • the pallet is generally secured to the end of a rod of which the other end cooperates with the tail of the valve.
  • the stem can also to be secured to the valve stem.
  • One of the electromagnets is planned to draw the pallet into a position such that the valve is in position closed. In this position, one spring is compressed and the other relaxed, the compressed spring being then used to push the pallet towards the other position, that for which the valve is in the open position.
  • the control from the closed position to the open position is performed by stopping the supply of the first electromagnet and by the subsequent feeding of the second electromagnet. In the open position, the first spring is relaxed and the second spring is compressed. This second spring pushes the pallet when ordering the position opening towards the closed position.
  • one and / or the other of the electromagnets is of the polarized type, that is to say that provides a permanent magnet in the magnetic circuit of one and / or the other electromagnets. In this case, maintaining the valve in an open and / or closed position requires no current.
  • the invention aims to improve the operational safety of such a device valve control. It is also intended to increase the possibilities to control a valve actuator.
  • the valve actuator according to the invention is characterized in that the electromagnet for controlling the closure of the valve is polarized type and is such that the valve is held in the closed position by the sole effect of the magnet (or magnets) of the magnetic circuit, without power supply of the corresponding coil, and in that the electromagnet intended to control the opening is such that it requires a supply current of the corresponding coil to maintain the valve in full open position.
  • the pallet under the effect of the spring associated with the opening position, is positioned between the two electromagnets and the valve can be closed thanks to the control electromagnet of closing.
  • the motor can be stopped with closed valve.
  • an engine stopped with closed valves provides braking or blocking when the vehicle is stationary.
  • the engine can continue to run with degraded operation, since the valve can not stay in the fully open position.
  • the opening control electromagnet is of the type non-polarized, that is to say devoid of permanent magnet.
  • this aperture control electromagnet is of the polarized type, i.e. with a permanent magnet; however, in this case, the permanent magnet must be such that it does not allow the pallet to be locked in position completely open when the current of the corresponding coil is no matter, whatever the temperature.
  • the coils of the two electromagnets can be in series or in parallel or independent of each other.
  • the coils are in parallel, if one of the coils is in open circuit (because of a breakdown), it does not does not disturb the operation of the other coil.
  • the invention relates, in general, to a device for actuating valve for an internal combustion engine comprising an organ connected to the valve and movable according to a stroke for which at one end of this stroke, the valve is in the closed position and at another end of the stroke, this valve is in the open position, the control of the moving using first and second electromagnets and spring means (s) in such a way that the organ is near a first electromagnet for the closed position of the valve and near the second electromagnet for the open position of the valve, the device being such that the first electromagnet is of the type polarized with a permanent magnet to maintain the organ in the position corresponding to the closing of the valve in the absence current in the coil of this first electromagnet, and that the second electromagnet is such that the open position is maintained for a non-zero current in the coil of this second electromagnet.
  • This device is characterized in that it comprises a detection means the operation of the coils of electromagnets and a means of in case of failure of one of the coils, apply to the coil of the non-faulty electromagnet, a current allowing position the valve in the closed position.
  • the security means includes means for, in In case of failure of the coil of the first electromagnet, apply to the coil of the second electromagnet a current such that the organ is pushed back towards the first electromagnet.
  • the second electromagnet is of the polarized type, the permanent magnet of this second electromagnet having a magnetic field of insufficient value to oppose the opposite effect of spring means when the organ is in the open position of the valve.
  • the second electromagnet is devoid of permanent magnet.
  • the device comprises a means for passing the valve from the closed position to the open position, which includes means for applying to the coil of the first electromagnet a defluxing pulse opposing the effect of the permanent magnet of this first electromagnet.
  • the coil of the first electromagnet and the coil of the second electromagnet are in parallel.
  • the invention also relates to an engine comprising a device as defined above.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an actuator according to the invention in which there is provided, on the one hand, a control electromagnet of closure of the polarized type, with a magnet to block the valve in closed position in the absence of current in the coil electromagnet and, on the other hand, an electromagnet opening control, also polarized type, but the magnet does not does not, alone, to maintain the valve in the open position.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a pallet or magnetic plate 10 integral with a rod 12 cooperating with a tail 14 of a valve 16.
  • the closure control electromagnet 18 comprises a circuit magnet 20, a permanent magnet 22 and a control coil 24.
  • the opening control electromagnet 26 has a circuit magnetic 28, a permanent magnet 30 and a control coil 32.
  • a spring 36 surrounds the valve stem 14. It is arranged in such a way it is compressed when the valve 16 is in the open position (towards the bottom in Figure 1) and relaxed in the case where the valve 16 is in position closing (upwards in the representation of Figure 1).
  • a spring 38 surrounds the rod 12 and is arranged in such a way that compressed when the valve is in the closed and relaxed position when the valve is in the open position.
  • the magnet 30 has been shown with a thickness less than that of the magnet 22 of the electromagnet 18 to show that the attraction effect it exerted is substantially lower than that of this magnet 22.
  • the plate 10 When the actuator shown in FIG. 1 operates normally (without failure), the plate 10 is attracted to the magnetic circuit 20 thanks to the supply of the coil 24 and to the effect of the permanent magnet 22.
  • the current in the coil 24 is zero when the valve is in position closed because the magnet 22 is sufficient to hold the plate 10 against the circuit 20. In this position, the spring 36 is relaxed and the spring 38 is compressed.
  • the plate 10 goes to the circuit 28. Then the coil 32 is powered to draw the tray 10 to the circuit 28.
  • the permanent magnet 30 presents insufficient characteristics for the plate 10 to be applied against the circuit 28 in case of zero current in the coil 32. However, the presence of this magnet 30 minimizes the current flowing in this coil 32.
  • the plate 10 In case of failure of the coil 32, for example detected by an absence permanent current in this coil, the plate 10 is pushed into intermediate position between the two circuits 20 and 28 by the effect of the spring 38. The valve may then be closed to maintain the engine safety position, temporarily feeding the coil 24 so that the plateau 10 remains applied against the circuit 20.
  • the valve can be maintained in closed position.
  • FIG. 3a is a diagram on which efforts are shown (EF) on the ordinates and air gap values (E) on the abscissa, the zero air gap corresponding to the plate 10 applied against the magnetic circuit 20.
  • Curve 40 represents the force exerted by the electromagnet 18 when the intensity of the electric current in the coil 24 is zero, that is to say the force exerted mainly by the magnet 22.
  • the curve 42 represents the efforts of the springs acting in the opposite direction on the plateau 10. On sees as low air gap, the force of the magnet 22 exceeds that of springs, which keeps the board 10 against the circuit magnetic 20.
  • the diagram in Figure 3b corresponds to the operation of the electromagnet 26 when the intensity of the current in the coil 32 is zero.
  • the zero air gap corresponds to the position for which the plate 10 is applied against the magnetic circuit 28.
  • the curve 44 represents the force exerted by the magnet 30 and the curve 46 represents the effort antagonist of the springs. So we see that the effort 46 of the springs is always greater than the force 44 exerted by the permanent magnet 30, in case of nullity of the intensity of the current in the coil 32.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 2 is distinguished only from the one shown in FIG. 1 in that the electromagnet 26 is devoid of permanent magnet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Abstract

The actuator has two polarized electromagnets (18, 26), each with a permanent magnet. A permanent magnet (22) of the electromagnet (18) permits to maintain a magnetic chuck (10) of a valve in a closed position in the absence of current in a coil (24) of the electromagnet (18). The electromagnet (26) is such that it requires a non-zero current in its coil (32) for maintaining the valve in open position. An independent claim is also included for an engine comprising an inlet and/or exhaust valve actuator.

Description

L'invention est relative à un dispositif de commande de type électromécanique pour l'ouverture et la fermeture de soupapes d'admission et/ou d'échappement pour un moteur thermique, notamment à combustion interne.The invention relates to a control device of the type electromechanical system for opening and closing intake valves and / or exhaust for a combustion engine, in particular a combustion engine internal.

Dans un moteur à combustion interne, les soupapes sont ouvertes ou fermées à des moments précis du cycle de fonctionnement. Dans les moteurs les plus courants, la commande de l'ouverture et de la fermeture s'effectue de façon mécanique en fonction de la position du vilebrequin. Ces dernières années, des commandes électromécaniques de soupapes ont été développées qui présentent l'avantage de simplifier la réalisation du moteur et de permettre des durées et des moments d'ouverture et de fermeture des soupapes qui peuvent être choisis à volonté afin d'optimiser les performances du moteur.In an internal combustion engine, the valves are open or closed at specific times in the operating cycle. In the most common motors, control of opening and closing is done mechanically depending on the position of the crankshaft. In recent years, electromechanical controls of valves have been developed which have the advantage of simplifying the implementation of the motor and to allow durations and moments of opening and closing valves that can be chosen at will to optimize engine performance.

De tels dispositifs électromécaniques de commande de soupapes comportent en général une palette, ou plateau, magnétique coopérant avec deux électroaimants et deux ressorts.Such electromechanical devices for controlling valves generally comprise a pallet, or magnetic plate cooperating with two electromagnets and two springs.

A cet effet, la palette est en général solidaire de l'extrémité d'une tige dont l'autre extrémité coopère avec la queue de la soupape. La tige peut aussi être solidaire de la queue de soupape. L'un des électroaimants est prévu pour attirer la palette dans une position telle que la soupape soit en position fermée. Dans cette position, un ressort est comprimé et l'autre détendu, le ressort comprimé étant ensuite utilisé pour repousser la palette vers l'autre position, celle pour laquelle la soupape est en position d'ouverture. La commande de la position de fermeture vers la position d'ouverture est effectuée grâce à l'arrêt de l'alimentation du premier électroaimant et par l'alimentation ultérieure du second électroaimant. En position d'ouverture, le premier ressort est détendu et le second ressort est comprimé. Ce second ressort repousse la palette lors de la commande de la position d'ouverture vers la position de fermeture.For this purpose, the pallet is generally secured to the end of a rod of which the other end cooperates with the tail of the valve. The stem can also to be secured to the valve stem. One of the electromagnets is planned to draw the pallet into a position such that the valve is in position closed. In this position, one spring is compressed and the other relaxed, the compressed spring being then used to push the pallet towards the other position, that for which the valve is in the open position. The control from the closed position to the open position is performed by stopping the supply of the first electromagnet and by the subsequent feeding of the second electromagnet. In the open position, the first spring is relaxed and the second spring is compressed. This second spring pushes the pallet when ordering the position opening towards the closed position.

Pour limiter la consommation de courant de l'actionneur de soupape, l'un et/ou l'autre des électroaimants est de type polarisé, c'est-à-dire qu'on prévoit un aimant permanent dans le circuit magnétique de l'un et/ou de l'autre des électroaimants. Dans ce cas, le maintien de la soupape dans une position d'ouverture et/ou de fermeture ne nécessite aucun courant.To limit the power consumption of the valve actuator, one and / or the other of the electromagnets is of the polarized type, that is to say that provides a permanent magnet in the magnetic circuit of one and / or the other electromagnets. In this case, maintaining the valve in an open and / or closed position requires no current.

L'invention vise à améliorer la sécurité de fonctionnement d'un tel dispositif de commande de soupape. Elle a également pour but d'augmenter les possibilités de commander un actionneur de soupape.The invention aims to improve the operational safety of such a device valve control. It is also intended to increase the possibilities to control a valve actuator.

L'actionneur de soupape selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que l'électroaimant destiné à commander la fermeture de la soupape est du type polarisé et est tel que la soupape est maintenue en position fermée par le seul effet de l'aimant (ou des aimants) du circuit magnétique, sans alimentation en courant de la bobine correspondante, et en ce que l'électroaimant destiné à commander l'ouverture est tel qu'il nécessite un courant d'alimentation de la bobine correspondante pour maintenir la soupape en position de pleine ouverture.The valve actuator according to the invention is characterized in that the electromagnet for controlling the closure of the valve is polarized type and is such that the valve is held in the closed position by the sole effect of the magnet (or magnets) of the magnetic circuit, without power supply of the corresponding coil, and in that the electromagnet intended to control the opening is such that it requires a supply current of the corresponding coil to maintain the valve in full open position.

Dans ces conditions, en cas de défaillance de la bobine de l'électroaimant de commande d'ouverture, la palette, sous l'effet du ressort associé à la position d'ouverture, vient se positionner entre les deux électroaimants et la soupape peut être fermée grâce à l'électroaimant de commande de fermeture.Under these conditions, in case of failure of the solenoid coil opening control, the pallet, under the effect of the spring associated with the opening position, is positioned between the two electromagnets and the valve can be closed thanks to the control electromagnet of closing.

Ainsi, dans ce cas de défaillance de la bobine de l'électroaimant de commande d'ouverture, le moteur peut être arrêté à soupape fermée. On sait en effet qu'un moteur arrêté à soupapes fermées assure un freinage ou blocage lorsque le véhicule est à l'arrêt. Par ailleurs, le moteur peut continuer à tourner avec un fonctionnement dégradé, puisque la soupape ne peut pas rester en position complètement ouverte.Thus, in this case of failure of the coil of the electromagnet of opening command, the motor can be stopped with closed valve. We knows that an engine stopped with closed valves provides braking or blocking when the vehicle is stationary. Moreover, the engine can continue to run with degraded operation, since the valve can not stay in the fully open position.

En cas de défaillance de la bobine de l'électroaimant de commande de fermeture, il est également possible de fermer la soupape en agissant sur le courant de la bobine de l'électroaimant de commande d'ouverture de façon telle que la palette soit repoussée vers l'électroaimant polarisé de commande de fermeture. Dans cette hypothèse de défaillance, la soupape reste également fermée, ce qui est également favorable à la sécurité. In case of failure of the solenoid coil of the solenoid control closing, it is also possible to close the valve by acting on the coil current of the opening control electromagnet from such that the pallet is pushed back towards the polarized electromagnet of closing command. In this hypothesis of failure, the valve also remains closed, which is also conducive to safety.

Dans les deux cas de défaillance, pour commander la soupape vers la position fermée, il est nécessaire de prévoir un organe de détection de défaillance, par exemple un organe de détection de l'intensité du courant traversant chacune des bobines des électroaimants.In both cases of failure, to control the valve towards the closed position, it is necessary to provide a detection member of failure, for example a current sensing element passing through each of the coils of the electromagnets.

Dans une réalisation, l'électroaimant de commande d'ouverture est du type non-polarisé, c'est-à-dire dépourvu d'aimant permanent. En variante, cet électroaimant de commande d'ouverture est du type polarisé, c'est-à-dire avec un aimant permanent ; cependant, dans ce cas, l'aimant permanent doit être tel qu'il ne permet pas le blocage de la palette en position complètement ouverte quand le courant de la bobine correspondante est nul, et cela quelle que soit la température.In one embodiment, the opening control electromagnet is of the type non-polarized, that is to say devoid of permanent magnet. In a variant, this aperture control electromagnet is of the polarized type, i.e. with a permanent magnet; however, in this case, the permanent magnet must be such that it does not allow the pallet to be locked in position completely open when the current of the corresponding coil is no matter, whatever the temperature.

Les bobines des deux électroaimants peuvent être en série ou en parallèle ou indépendantes l'une de l'autre. Quand les bobines sont en parallèle, si l'une des bobines est en circuit ouvert (du fait d'une panne), elle ne perturbe pas le fonctionnement de l'autre bobine. On préférera le montage des bobines en parallèle au montage des bobines en série car la déconnexion d'une bobine est plus probable qu'un court-circuit.The coils of the two electromagnets can be in series or in parallel or independent of each other. When the coils are in parallel, if one of the coils is in open circuit (because of a breakdown), it does not does not disturb the operation of the other coil. We will prefer the assembly coils in parallel to the assembly of the coils in series because the Disconnecting a coil is more likely than a short circuit.

L'invention concerne, de façon générale, un dispositif d'actionnement de soupape pour moteur à combustion interne comprenant un organe lié à la soupape et déplaçable selon une course pour laquelle, à une extrémité de cette course, la soupape est en position fermée et à une autre extrémité de la course , cette soupape est en position ouverte, la commande du déplacement s'effectuant à l'aide d'un premier et d'un second électroaimants et de moyens à ressort(s) de façon telle que l'organe soit à proximité d'un premier électroaimant pour la position fermée de la soupape et à proximité du second électroaimant pour la position ouverte de la soupape, le dispositif étant tel que le premier électroaimant est du type polarisé avec un aimant permanent permettant de maintenir l'organe dans la position correspondant à la fermeture de la soupape en l'absence de courant dans la bobine de ce premier électroaimant, et que le second électroaimant est tel que la position d'ouverture est maintenue pour un courant non nul dans la bobine de ce second électroaimant.The invention relates, in general, to a device for actuating valve for an internal combustion engine comprising an organ connected to the valve and movable according to a stroke for which at one end of this stroke, the valve is in the closed position and at another end of the stroke, this valve is in the open position, the control of the moving using first and second electromagnets and spring means (s) in such a way that the organ is near a first electromagnet for the closed position of the valve and near the second electromagnet for the open position of the valve, the device being such that the first electromagnet is of the type polarized with a permanent magnet to maintain the organ in the position corresponding to the closing of the valve in the absence current in the coil of this first electromagnet, and that the second electromagnet is such that the open position is maintained for a non-zero current in the coil of this second electromagnet.

Ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un moyen de détection du fonctionnement des bobines des électroaimants et un moyen de sécurité pour, en cas de défaillance de l'une des bobines, appliquer à la bobine de l'électroaimant non défaillant, un courant permettant de positionner la soupape en position de fermeture.This device is characterized in that it comprises a detection means the operation of the coils of electromagnets and a means of in case of failure of one of the coils, apply to the coil of the non-faulty electromagnet, a current allowing position the valve in the closed position.

Dans une réalisation, le moyen de sécurité comporte un moyen pour, en cas de défaillance de la bobine du premier électroaimant, appliquer à la bobine du second électroaimant un courant tel que l'organe soit repoussé vers le premier électroaimant.In one embodiment, the security means includes means for, in In case of failure of the coil of the first electromagnet, apply to the coil of the second electromagnet a current such that the organ is pushed back towards the first electromagnet.

De préférence, pour limiter la consommation en courant, le second électroaimant est du type polarisé, l'aimant permanent de ce second électroaimant présentant un champ magnétique d'une valeur insuffisante pour s'opposer à l'effet inverse des moyens à ressort quand l'organe se trouve dans la position ouverte de la soupape.Preferably, to limit power consumption, the second electromagnet is of the polarized type, the permanent magnet of this second electromagnet having a magnetic field of insufficient value to oppose the opposite effect of spring means when the organ is in the open position of the valve.

En variante, le second électroaimant est dépourvu d'aimant permanent.Alternatively, the second electromagnet is devoid of permanent magnet.

Dans une réalisation, le dispositif comporte un moyen pour faire passer la soupape de la position de fermeture à la position d'ouverture, qui comprend un moyen pour appliquer à la bobine du premier électroaimant une impulsion de défluxage s'opposant à l'effet de l'aimant permanent de ce premier électroaimant.In one embodiment, the device comprises a means for passing the valve from the closed position to the open position, which includes means for applying to the coil of the first electromagnet a defluxing pulse opposing the effect of the permanent magnet of this first electromagnet.

Dans une réalisation, la bobine du premier électroaimant et la bobine du second électroaimant sont en parallèle.In one embodiment, the coil of the first electromagnet and the coil of the second electromagnet are in parallel.

L'invention concerne aussi un moteur comportant un dispositif tel que défini ci-dessus.The invention also relates to an engine comprising a device as defined above.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront avec la description de certains de ses modes de réalisation, celle-ci étant effectuée en se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma de dispositif d'actionnement de soupape selon un premier mode de réalisation,
  • la figure 2 est un schéma analogue à celui de la figure 1, mais pour une variante, et
  • les figures 3a et 3b sont des diagrammes illustrant le fonctionnement de l'actionneur représenté sur les figures 1 et 2.
    • Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent with the description of some of its embodiments, this being done with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of valve actuation device according to a first embodiment,
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram similar to that of FIG. 1, but for a variant, and
  • Figures 3a and 3b are diagrams illustrating the operation of the actuator shown in Figures 1 and 2.

    • Sur la figure 1, on a représenté une réalisation d'actionneur selon l'invention dans lequel on prévoit, d'une part, un électroaimant de commande de fermeture du type polarisé, avec un aimant permettant de bloquer la soupape en position fermée en l'absence de courant dans la bobine correspondante de l'électroaimant et, d'autre part, un électroaimant de commande d'ouverture, également de type polarisé, mais l'aimant ne permet pas, à lui seul, de maintenir la soupape en position d'ouverture.FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an actuator according to the invention in which there is provided, on the one hand, a control electromagnet of closure of the polarized type, with a magnet to block the valve in closed position in the absence of current in the coil electromagnet and, on the other hand, an electromagnet opening control, also polarized type, but the magnet does not does not, alone, to maintain the valve in the open position.

    Ainsi, sur cette figure 1, on a représenté une palette ou plateau magnétique 10 solidaire d'une tige 12 coopérant avec une queue 14 d'une soupape 16.Thus, in this figure 1, there is shown a pallet or magnetic plate 10 integral with a rod 12 cooperating with a tail 14 of a valve 16.

    L'électroaimant 18 de commande de fermeture comporte un circuit magnétique 20, un aimant permanent 22 et une bobine de commande 24.The closure control electromagnet 18 comprises a circuit magnet 20, a permanent magnet 22 and a control coil 24.

    ***L'électroaimant 26 de commande d'ouverture comporte un circuit magnétique 28, un aimant permanent 30 et une bobine de commande 32.*** The opening control electromagnet 26 has a circuit magnetic 28, a permanent magnet 30 and a control coil 32.

    Un ressort 36 entoure la queue de soupape 14. Il est disposé de façon telle qu'il soit comprimé quand la soupape 16 est en position d'ouverture (vers le bas sur la figure 1) et détendu dans le cas où la soupape 16 est en position de fermeture (vers le haut dans la représentation de la figure 1).A spring 36 surrounds the valve stem 14. It is arranged in such a way it is compressed when the valve 16 is in the open position (towards the bottom in Figure 1) and relaxed in the case where the valve 16 is in position closing (upwards in the representation of Figure 1).

    De même, un ressort 38 entoure la tige 12 et est disposé de façon telle qu'il soit comprimé quand la soupape est en position de fermeture et détendu quand la soupape est en position d'ouverture.Similarly, a spring 38 surrounds the rod 12 and is arranged in such a way that compressed when the valve is in the closed and relaxed position when the valve is in the open position.

    L'aimant 30 a été représenté avec une épaisseur infé-rieure à celle de l'aimant 22 de l'électroaimant 18 afin de montrer que l'effet d'attraction qu'il exerce est sensiblement inférieur à celui de cet aimant 22.The magnet 30 has been shown with a thickness less than that of the magnet 22 of the electromagnet 18 to show that the attraction effect it exerted is substantially lower than that of this magnet 22.

    Lorsque l'actionneur représenté sur la figure 1 fonctionne normalement (sans défaillance), le plateau 10 est attiré vers le circuit magnétique 20 grâce à l'alimentation de la bobine 24 et à l'effet de l'aimant permanent 22. Le courant dans la bobine 24 est nul quand la soupape est en position fermée car l'aimant 22 suffit à maintenir le plateau 10 contre le circuit magnétique 20. Dans cette position, le ressort 36 est détendu et le ressort 38 est comprimé.When the actuator shown in FIG. 1 operates normally (without failure), the plate 10 is attracted to the magnetic circuit 20 thanks to the supply of the coil 24 and to the effect of the permanent magnet 22. The current in the coil 24 is zero when the valve is in position closed because the magnet 22 is sufficient to hold the plate 10 against the circuit 20. In this position, the spring 36 is relaxed and the spring 38 is compressed.

    Pour passer de la position de fermeture à la position d'ouverture, on prévoit un courant de défluxage dans la bobine 24 qui s'oppose à l'effet de l'aimant permanent 22, c'est-à-dire à un courant de sens contraire à celui qui est utilisé pour attirer le plateau 10 vers le circuit 20.To move from the closed position to the open position, provision is made a defluxing current in the coil 24 which opposes the effect of the magnet permanent 22, that is to say, a current of direction contrary to that which is used to draw the tray 10 to the circuit 20.

    Grâce à l'effet de ce courant de défluxage et à l'effet du ressort 38, le plateau 10 se dirige vers le circuit 28. Ensuite, la bobine 32 est alimentée pour attirer le plateau 10 vers le circuit 28. L'aimant permanent 30 présente des caractéristiques insuffisantes pour que le plateau 10 soit appliqué contre le circuit 28 en cas de courant nul dans la bobine 32. Cependant, la présence de cet aimant 30 permet de minimiser le courant circulant dans cette bobine 32.Thanks to the effect of this defluxing current and to the effect of the spring 38, the plate 10 goes to the circuit 28. Then the coil 32 is powered to draw the tray 10 to the circuit 28. The permanent magnet 30 presents insufficient characteristics for the plate 10 to be applied against the circuit 28 in case of zero current in the coil 32. However, the presence of this magnet 30 minimizes the current flowing in this coil 32.

    En cas de panne de la bobine 32, par exemple détectée par une absence permanente de courant dans cette bobine, le plateau 10 est poussé en position intermédiaire entre les deux circuits 20 et 28 par l'effet du ressort 38. La soupape peut ensuite être fermée, pour maintenir le moteur en position de sécurité, en alimentant temporairement la bobine 24 afin que le plateau 10 reste appliqué contre le circuit 20.In case of failure of the coil 32, for example detected by an absence permanent current in this coil, the plate 10 is pushed into intermediate position between the two circuits 20 and 28 by the effect of the spring 38. The valve may then be closed to maintain the engine safety position, temporarily feeding the coil 24 so that the plateau 10 remains applied against the circuit 20.

    En cas de défaillance de la bobine 24, cette défaillance pouvant être également détectée par une absence de courant malgré une commande d'alimentation, on applique à la bobine 32 un courant qui permet de repousser le plateau vers le circuit 20 et donc de commander la position de la soupape 16 en position fermée. La soupape 16 peut alors rester dans cette position grâce à l'effet de l'aimant permanent 22.In case of failure of the coil 24, this failure can be also detected by a lack of power despite a command power supply, a current is applied to the coil 32 which enables push the tray towards the circuit 20 and thus to control the position of the valve 16 in the closed position. The valve 16 can then remain in this position thanks to the effect of the permanent magnet 22.

    Ainsi, quelle que soit la bobine défaillante, la soupape peut être maintenue en position fermée.Thus, whatever the faulty coil, the valve can be maintained in closed position.

    La figure 3a est un diagramme sur lequel on a représenté des efforts (EF) en ordonnées et des valeurs d'entrefer (E) en abscisses, l'entrefer nul correspondant au plateau 10 appliqué contre le circuit magnétique 20.FIG. 3a is a diagram on which efforts are shown (EF) on the ordinates and air gap values (E) on the abscissa, the zero air gap corresponding to the plate 10 applied against the magnetic circuit 20.

    La courbe 40 représente l'effort exercé par l'électro-aimant 18 quand l'intensité du courant électrique dans la bobine 24 est nulle, c'est-à-dire l'effort exercé principalement par l'aimant 22. La courbe 42 représente les efforts des ressorts qui s'exercent en sens contraire sur le plateau 10. On voit ainsi qu'à faible entrefer, l'effort de l'aimant 22 dépasse celui des ressorts, ce qui permet de maintenir le plateau 10 contre le circuit magnétique 20.Curve 40 represents the force exerted by the electromagnet 18 when the intensity of the electric current in the coil 24 is zero, that is to say the force exerted mainly by the magnet 22. The curve 42 represents the efforts of the springs acting in the opposite direction on the plateau 10. On sees as low air gap, the force of the magnet 22 exceeds that of springs, which keeps the board 10 against the circuit magnetic 20.

    Le diagramme de la figure 3b correspond au fonctionnement de l'électroaimant 26 lorsque l'intensité du courant dans la bobine 32 est nulle. Ainsi en abscisse, l'entrefer nul correspond à la position pour laquelle le plateau 10 est appliqué contre le circuit magnétique 28. La courbe 44 représente l'effort exercé par l'aimant 30 et la courbe 46 représente l'effort antagoniste des ressorts. On voit ainsi que l'effort 46 des ressorts est toujours supérieur à l'effort 44 exercé par l'aimant permanent 30, en cas de nullité de l'intensité du courant dans la bobine 32.The diagram in Figure 3b corresponds to the operation of the electromagnet 26 when the intensity of the current in the coil 32 is zero. Thus on the abscissa, the zero air gap corresponds to the position for which the plate 10 is applied against the magnetic circuit 28. The curve 44 represents the force exerted by the magnet 30 and the curve 46 represents the effort antagonist of the springs. So we see that the effort 46 of the springs is always greater than the force 44 exerted by the permanent magnet 30, in case of nullity of the intensity of the current in the coil 32.

    Le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 2 se distingue seulement de celui représenté sur la figure 1 par le fait que l'électroaimant 26 est dépourvu d'aimant permanent.The embodiment shown in Figure 2 is distinguished only from the one shown in FIG. 1 in that the electromagnet 26 is devoid of permanent magnet.

    Le fonctionnement dans ce cas est analogue à celui décrit ci-dessus pour la figure 1. La seule différence, représentée sur la figure 3b, est que la courbe 44 1 , en cas de nullité du courant dans la bobine 32, est confondue avec l'axe des abscisses, c'est-à-dire que l'électroaimant n'exerce aucun effort sur le plateau 10.The operation in this case is similar to that described above for Figure 1. The only difference, shown in Figure 3b, is that the curve 44 1 in case of nullity of the current in the coil 32, is merged with the abscissa axis, that is to say that the electromagnet exerts no effort on the plate 10.

    Claims (8)

    Dispositif d'actionnement de soupape pour moteur à combustion interne comprenant un organe (10) lié à la soupape et déplaçable selon une course pour laquelle, à une extrémité de cette course, la soupape est en position fermée et à une autre extrémité de la course , cette soupape est en position ouverte, la commande du déplacement s'effectuant à l'aide d'un premier (18) et d'un second (26) électroaimants et de moyens à ressort(s) (36, 38) de façon telle que l'organe (10) soit à proximité d'un premier électroaimant pour la position fermée de la soupape et à proximité du second électroaimant pour la position ouverte de la soupape,Valve actuating device for an internal combustion engine comprising a member (10) connected to the valve and movable according to a stroke for which, at one end of this stroke, the valve is in position closed and at another end of the stroke, this valve is in position open, the control of the movement being carried out using a first (18) and a second (26) electromagnet and spring means (36, 38) of such that the member (10) is close to a first electromagnet for the closed position of the valve and close to the second electromagnet for the open position of the valve, caractérisé en ce que le premier électroaimant est du type polarisé avec un aimant permanent (22) permettant de maintenir l'organe (10) dans la position correspondant à la fermeture de la soupape en l'absence de courant dans la bobine de ce premier électroaimant, et en ce que le second électroaimant est tel que cette position est maintenue pour un courant non nul dans la bobine (32) de ce second électroaimant. characterized in that the first electromagnet is of the polarized type with a permanent magnet (22) for maintaining the member (10) in the position corresponding to the closing of the valve in the absence of current in the coil of this first electromagnet , and in that the second electromagnet is such that this position is maintained for a non-zero current in the coil (32) of the second electromagnet. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le second électroaimant est du type polarisé, l'aimant permanent de ce second électroaimant présentant un champ magnétique d'une valeur insuffisante pour s'opposer à l'effet inverse des moyens à ressort quand l'organe (10) se trouve dans la position ouverte de la soupape. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the second electromagnet is of the polarized type, the permanent magnet of the second electromagnet having a magnetic field of insufficient value to oppose the opposite effect of the spring means when the member (10) is in the open position of the valve. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le second électroaimant est dépourvu d'aimant permanent.Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the second electromagnet is devoid of permanent magnet. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un moyen de détection du fonctionnement des bobines des électroaimants et un moyen de sécurité pour, en cas de défaillance de l'une des bobines, appliquer à la bobine de l'électroaimant non défaillant, un courant permettant de positionner la soupape en position de fermeture.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that it comprises a means for detecting the operation of the coils of the electromagnets and a safety means for, in the event of failure of one of the coils, to apply to the coil of the non-faulty electromagnet, a current for positioning the valve in the closed position. Dispositif selon la revendication 4 caractérisé en ce que le moyen de sécurité comporte un moyen pour, en cas de défaillance de la bobine du premier électroaimant, appliquer à la bobine du second électroaimant un courant tel que l'organe (10) soit repoussé vers le premier électroaimant.Device according to claim 4 characterized in that the safety means comprises means for, in case of failure of the coil of the first electromagnet, to apply to the coil of the second electromagnet a current such that the member (10) is pushed towards the first electromagnet. 6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un moyen pour faire passer la soupape de la position de fermeture à la position d'ouverture, qui comprend un moyen pour appliquer à la bobine du premier électroaimant une impulsion de défluxage s'opposant à l'effet de l'aimant permanent de ce premier électroaimant.6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for moving the valve from the closed position to the open position, which comprises means for applying to the coil of the first electromagnet a defluxing pulse opposing the effect of the permanent magnet of this first electromagnet. 7. Moteur comportant un dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6.7. Motor comprising a device according to one of claims 1 to 6.
    EP05300062A 2004-02-03 2005-01-26 Electromagnetic valve actuator in an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1561914B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR0450202A FR2865764B1 (en) 2004-02-03 2004-02-03 IMPROVEMENTS IN AN ELECTROMECHANICAL VALVE ACTUATOR OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VALVE
    FR0450202 2004-02-03

    Publications (3)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1561914A2 true EP1561914A2 (en) 2005-08-10
    EP1561914A3 EP1561914A3 (en) 2008-09-03
    EP1561914B1 EP1561914B1 (en) 2010-08-25

    Family

    ID=34673945

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP05300062A Expired - Lifetime EP1561914B1 (en) 2004-02-03 2005-01-26 Electromagnetic valve actuator in an internal combustion engine

    Country Status (6)

    Country Link
    US (1) US7047919B2 (en)
    EP (1) EP1561914B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE479014T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE602005023085D1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2350186T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2865764B1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (7)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR2894377B1 (en) * 2005-12-02 2008-05-16 Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR WITH TWO ELECTRO-MAGNETS COMPRISING MAGNETS OF DIFFERENT FORCES, AND METHOD OF MANAGING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE VALVE USING THE SAME.
    TWI426195B (en) * 2011-09-14 2014-02-11 Univ Nat Taipei Technology Electromagnetic valve mechanism
    US9109714B2 (en) 2011-11-07 2015-08-18 Sentimetal Journey Llc Linear valve actuator system and method for controlling valve operation
    US10385797B2 (en) 2011-11-07 2019-08-20 Sentimetal Journey Llc Linear motor valve actuator system and method for controlling valve operation
    US10774696B2 (en) 2018-02-23 2020-09-15 SentiMetal Journey, LLC Highly efficient linear motor
    US10601293B2 (en) 2018-02-23 2020-03-24 SentiMetal Journey, LLC Highly efficient linear motor
    CN113556065A (en) * 2021-07-02 2021-10-26 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Safety protection system for large-aperture telescope

    Citations (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP0405191A1 (en) * 1989-06-27 1991-01-02 FEV Motorentechnik GmbH & Co. KG Electromagnetic positioning device
    DE3928066A1 (en) * 1989-08-25 1991-02-28 Binder Magnete EM valve opening and closing device - has two magnet systems of small dimensions to reduce reaction time
    EP1010866A2 (en) * 1998-12-07 2000-06-21 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Electromagnetic valve actuator
    EP1174595A1 (en) * 2000-07-18 2002-01-23 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA Valve actuator for internal combustion engine
    US20030080306A1 (en) * 2001-10-26 2003-05-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method of controlling current applied to electromagnetically driven valve and control system

    Patent Citations (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    EP0405191A1 (en) * 1989-06-27 1991-01-02 FEV Motorentechnik GmbH & Co. KG Electromagnetic positioning device
    DE3928066A1 (en) * 1989-08-25 1991-02-28 Binder Magnete EM valve opening and closing device - has two magnet systems of small dimensions to reduce reaction time
    EP1010866A2 (en) * 1998-12-07 2000-06-21 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Electromagnetic valve actuator
    EP1174595A1 (en) * 2000-07-18 2002-01-23 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA Valve actuator for internal combustion engine
    US20030080306A1 (en) * 2001-10-26 2003-05-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method of controlling current applied to electromagnetically driven valve and control system

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE602005023085D1 (en) 2010-10-07
    ATE479014T1 (en) 2010-09-15
    EP1561914B1 (en) 2010-08-25
    EP1561914A3 (en) 2008-09-03
    US7047919B2 (en) 2006-05-23
    US20050166873A1 (en) 2005-08-04
    ES2350186T3 (en) 2011-01-19
    FR2865764A1 (en) 2005-08-05
    FR2865764B1 (en) 2008-01-11

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