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EP1561909A1 - Diffuseur, turbomachine et procédé de récupération de pression dans une turbomachine - Google Patents

Diffuseur, turbomachine et procédé de récupération de pression dans une turbomachine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1561909A1
EP1561909A1 EP04002821A EP04002821A EP1561909A1 EP 1561909 A1 EP1561909 A1 EP 1561909A1 EP 04002821 A EP04002821 A EP 04002821A EP 04002821 A EP04002821 A EP 04002821A EP 1561909 A1 EP1561909 A1 EP 1561909A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diffuser
working fluid
turbine
housing
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04002821A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Dr. Thiemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP04002821A priority Critical patent/EP1561909A1/fr
Publication of EP1561909A1 publication Critical patent/EP1561909A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
    • F01D25/305—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like with fluid, e.g. liquid injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diffuser with a housing, the in the axial direction along a flow of working fluid extends, wherein the housing for expanding the flow an expanding in the axial direction of the diffuser channel circumferentially bounded and having an injection port, provided for injecting a fluid into the diffuser channel is.
  • the invention further relates to a turbine plant with a turbine that extends one along an axis Blade channel with annular cross-section for loading with a flow of working fluid and a number from mounted on a rotor, radially into the Having blade channel extending turbine blades, and with a diffuser arranged on the output side behind the turbine.
  • the invention also relates to a process for pressure recovery at a turbine plant with a turbine, the a blade channel extending along an axis for applying a flow of working fluid and having a number of turbine blades, and with a Diffuser, which has a housing that has a diffuser channel circumferentially limited, in which process a fluid in the Diffuser channel is injected.
  • a turbine looks to drive one with a blading provided turbine rotor under high temperature and Pressure working medium, which flows against the blading and give up its energy to the turbine rotor whereby the working medium relaxes.
  • the blading is formed by a number of blade stages, with one Paddle stage a number of annularly arranged Has blades. The blade stages are axially one behind the other attached to the rotor.
  • a turbine can by a number from one behind the other, at different pressure and Temperature conditions of a working medium working Turbine stages be formed.
  • the housing of the diffuser in the Usually one enforceable by a flow of working fluid Having input and output, wherein an input of the diffuser an entrance surface and an exit of the diffuser one Has exit surface.
  • a layer of the flow which separates the housing closest, the so-called boundary layer, from the housing boundary from.
  • Desirable would be an efficient solution regarding the above explained pressure recovery problem at an entrance said diffuser and the aforementioned turbine plant and a corresponding method.
  • the invention begins, whose task it is a diffuser and a turbine with a diffuser indicate, on the one hand on a flow separation efficient way is prevented and on the other hand one possible high pressure recovery with the least possible effort and under Attention to the largest possible ratio of exit area to entrance area compared to the available standing space is reached.
  • Task is also one Process for pressure recovery in a diffuser or a Specify turbine system.
  • the task with regard to the diffuser is achieved by the invention solved by a diffuser mentioned in the introduction, according to the invention, the injection opening for the injection of Working fluid, an exit end of a feeder for forms the working fluid.
  • the invention leads in this context also to a turbine plant of the type mentioned, in which a diffuser is formed according to the invention according to the above-mentioned type.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that in one first step, the injection of a fluid in a diffuser, especially as part of a turbine plant, essential Advantages over a possible extraction of a Has boundary layer. That is, the local injection of a fluid in the boundary layer between the housing boundary and the actual diffuser flow proves in the diffuser channel at a diffuser and a turbine with the diffuser due to the operating conditions of a turbine plant as much more advantageous.
  • the reason is that one Diffuser usually in the range of an output stage of a turbine plant is arranged, with a diffuser in principle operated at a lower pressure level than upstream the diffuser arranged stages of the turbine system. It is thus much more expedient a pressure-building pressure source to provide as a pressure sink whose Level below the boundary layer pressure, at the housing boundary would have to lie.
  • the consideration of the invention assume that the environment of a diffuser, in particular as part of a turbine plant, fluid in the form of working fluid which, if not more than working fluid, can at least used for the purpose mentioned can be. No longer to be used working fluid is so far namely derived without benefit.
  • a steam turbine is partly no longer used steam in one Abdampfraum initiated and then unused to the environment issued.
  • Such steam is slotted, for example Hollow guide vanes or housing openings sucked off, by the entrainment of the existing on the surfaces Water film to reduce the wet and so a drop impact erosion counteract the blades.
  • an input-side end of the feeder formed by a receiving opening for receiving working fluid is, wherein the supply line in the form of a housing cavity is formed.
  • a housing cavity in the form of a housing exhaust through gaps or slits be used.
  • the receiving opening for receiving working fluid d. H. aerodynamically to arrange in front of an entrance of the diffuser.
  • a working fluid is taken from the flow before the Working fluid with the flow is supplied to the diffuser. This is especially the case for the first mentioned above and second training.
  • the housing has one of Flow of working fluid enforceable input and output on, with an entrance of the diffuser an entrance surface and an outlet of the diffuser has an exit surface and the ratio between the exit surface and the entry surface - so the aperture ratio is significantly greater than 1.0, advantageously between 1.2: 1 and 1.8: 1. Furthermore, it also opens up a strong opening Realize diffuser, where the aperture ratio over 1.8: 1. Details are related to the drawing described. In this way can be particularly advantageous the highest possible pressure recovery in a given space for the diffuser can be achieved without a flow separation occurs at the housing limit of the diffuser.
  • the injection port is in the direction of one of the flow deviating direction is oriented. This way will a specific injection rate imposed on the working fluid through the flow conditions in the diffuser channel balanced so that an optimal boundary layer at the Housing delimitation of the diffuser is achieved.
  • Flow conditions can be the different direction in one of the tangential to the housing boundary Direction different direction can be set. In individual cases nevertheless proves to be a tangential orientation the injection port as beneficial.
  • the injection port closer to the exit than to the entrance it may prove to be advantageous, the injection port closer to the exit than to the entrance. It has been shown that, especially in one wide-opening diffuser, a potential flow separation takes place in the region of a particularly large opening gradient. This circumstance is due to the above arrangement of the injection port Taken into account. In individual cases also turns out a nearer to the entrance than at the exit arranged injection port as advantageous.
  • the working fluid preferably taken from the blade channel.
  • the working fluid is transferred to the blade channel taken a turbine blade.
  • the working fluid is the blade channel via a housing exhaust taken. Preferably, it is the thus removed working fluid to wet steam.
  • the extraction point of the working fluid in the turbine system is essentially in terms of pressure and temperature requirements to solve the above problem with the diffuser to choose.
  • the turbine installation 1 of a low-pressure steam turbine (LP steam turbine) 2 of FIG 1 has a rotor 3, which with a Number of blade stages 5 is provided.
  • the blade stages 5 engage between Leitschaufelthroughn 9, which at one Turbine housing 11 of the LP steam turbine are provided.
  • a flow M of a working medium flows through a, the Rotor 3 surrounding and provided with the blade stages 5, 9 Flow channel 13.
  • the flow channel opens into another Flow channel 15 a at the output end of the LP steam turbine 2 mounted diffusers 17.
  • the diffuser 17 has a housing 19 which extends in the axial direction 21st along a flow M 'of the working medium in the diffuser 17th extends.
  • the housing 19 limits it to widen the Flow M 'widening in the axial direction 21 Flow channel 15 circumferentially.
  • the housing 19 of the diffuser has a in FIG 3 and FIG. 4 shown in detail 43 and an output 45.
  • the entrance 43 of the diffuser 17 has an entrance surface 50 on.
  • the outlet 45 of the diffuser 17 has an exit surface 51 on.
  • the one shown in this embodiment Diffuser 17 is in the form of a so-called axial-radial diffuser educated.
  • the flow M occurs, as shown in FIG 3 and 4 shows in detail, substantially axially and leaves the diffuser 17 with a relatively large radial component as flow M '. however, designs are also common, where the fluid leaves the diffuser in the axial direction (Axial diffuser).
  • the diffuser housing 19 are rounded.
  • the above proposed concept of an injection diffuser extends in addition to running arbitrarily, in particular angularly executed housing.
  • an entrance height 49 is substantially defined by a height of an entrance ring gap. In FIG 1, it is slightly larger than the last blade stage.
  • the dimensionless dimension of the diffuser 17 is called Defined ratio of run length 47 to entry height 49 and is typically between 1.2 in this embodiment and 1.7, preferably at about 1.5.
  • a diffuser 17 with this construction dimension is an aperture ratio -
  • a ratio of exit surface 51 to entrance surface 50 - in the range of 1.2: 1 to 1.8: 1 with the new concept can be realized without a boundary layer separation.
  • FIG 2 shows a diffuser 18 according to the prior art, in the functionally identical with the FIG 1 components with the same reference numerals have been provided.
  • the guide blading 9 of the turbine system 4 has a blade line system 29 on which is to receive working fluid in front of an entrance of the Diffuser 18 is provided, according to the prior art introduced the working fluid into a Abdampfraum 31 is and then without benefit as Abdampf 33 into the environment is delivered. This measure is used for the extraction of water retention on the component surfaces so the drop impact erosion to prevent the blades 5.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG allow due to the new concept given Measure between 1.2 and 1.7 the above opening ratios but also much larger, in particular an increase of the opening ratios by 10% to 40%, preferably up to 3: 1.
  • FIG. 2 3 shows that the injection of the working fluid M takes place at the point 25 where usually a Boundary layer separation would have occurred.
  • the particularly preferred embodiments shown here provide for an increase in turbine performance and efficiency the turbine system 1 of Figure 1 compared to a Turbine plant 4 with a conventional diffuser 18 of 2, with the same space and the same fuel input.
  • the effort for the technical implementation is with regard to the increase in performance comparatively low.
  • one is Efficient pressure recovery in the turbine system shown here 1 through the diffuser 17, in particular a relative strong opening diffuser with an aperture ratio between 1.2: 1 and 1.8: 1, also advantageous with a strong opening diffuser with an aperture ratio above 1.8: 1 according to the above-discussed concept of an injection diffuser been achieved.
  • a diffuser 17 with a housing 19 which extends in the axial direction 21 along a flow M 'of working fluid, wherein the Housing 19 for widening the flow M 'in axial Direction 21 widening diffuser channel 15 circumferentially bounded, and an injection port 41 for injection a fluid is provided in the diffuser channel 15.
  • the injection port 41 for the injection of working fluid an output side End of a feed 35 forms for the working fluid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
EP04002821A 2004-02-09 2004-02-09 Diffuseur, turbomachine et procédé de récupération de pression dans une turbomachine Withdrawn EP1561909A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04002821A EP1561909A1 (fr) 2004-02-09 2004-02-09 Diffuseur, turbomachine et procédé de récupération de pression dans une turbomachine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04002821A EP1561909A1 (fr) 2004-02-09 2004-02-09 Diffuseur, turbomachine et procédé de récupération de pression dans une turbomachine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1561909A1 true EP1561909A1 (fr) 2005-08-10

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EP04002821A Withdrawn EP1561909A1 (fr) 2004-02-09 2004-02-09 Diffuseur, turbomachine et procédé de récupération de pression dans une turbomachine

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1780381A2 (fr) * 2005-10-25 2007-05-02 General Electric Company Conduit entre turbines avec fentes multiples pour utilisation dans un turbomoteur
DE102006039064A1 (de) * 2006-08-19 2008-02-21 Man Diesel Se Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine
EP2781692A1 (fr) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Diffuseur et turbomachine dotée du diffuseur
RU2529622C2 (ru) * 2007-11-13 2014-09-27 Дженерал Электрик Компани Выпускной патрубок для использования с турбиной и паровая турбина
JP2015055229A (ja) * 2013-09-13 2015-03-23 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ タービンで使用されるための排気システム並びにその組立方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3690786A (en) * 1971-05-10 1972-09-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Low pressure end diffuser for axial flow elastic fluid turbines
SU1321847A1 (ru) * 1985-01-04 1987-07-07 Производственное Объединение "Турмоторный Завод" Им.К.Е.Ворошилова Выхлопной патрубок паровой турбины
SU1359439A1 (ru) * 1986-07-11 1987-12-15 Московский энергетический институт Камера отбора паровой турбины
EP0418887A1 (fr) * 1989-09-20 1991-03-27 Skoda Koncern Plzen Diffuseur annulaire pour turbine à vapeur
RU2053373C1 (ru) * 1989-02-13 1996-01-27 Научно-производственное объединение "Турбоатом" Выхлопная часть паровой турбины

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3690786A (en) * 1971-05-10 1972-09-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Low pressure end diffuser for axial flow elastic fluid turbines
SU1321847A1 (ru) * 1985-01-04 1987-07-07 Производственное Объединение "Турмоторный Завод" Им.К.Е.Ворошилова Выхлопной патрубок паровой турбины
SU1359439A1 (ru) * 1986-07-11 1987-12-15 Московский энергетический институт Камера отбора паровой турбины
RU2053373C1 (ru) * 1989-02-13 1996-01-27 Научно-производственное объединение "Турбоатом" Выхлопная часть паровой турбины
EP0418887A1 (fr) * 1989-09-20 1991-03-27 Skoda Koncern Plzen Diffuseur annulaire pour turbine à vapeur

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section PQ Week 198129, Derwent World Patents Index; Class Q51, AN 1981-G7653D, XP002288193 *
DATABASE WPI Section PQ Week 198807, Derwent World Patents Index; Class Q51, AN 1988-048526, XP002288192 *
DATABASE WPI Section PQ Week 198827, Derwent World Patents Index; Class Q51, AN 1988-189596, XP002288194 *
DATABASE WPI Section PQ Week 199644, Derwent World Patents Index; Class Q51, AN 1996-441590, XP002288191 *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1780381A2 (fr) * 2005-10-25 2007-05-02 General Electric Company Conduit entre turbines avec fentes multiples pour utilisation dans un turbomoteur
EP1780381A3 (fr) * 2005-10-25 2014-01-01 General Electric Company Conduit entre turbines avec fentes multiples pour utilisation dans un turbomoteur
DE102006039064A1 (de) * 2006-08-19 2008-02-21 Man Diesel Se Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102006039064B4 (de) * 2006-08-19 2020-06-25 Man Energy Solutions Se Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine
RU2529622C2 (ru) * 2007-11-13 2014-09-27 Дженерал Электрик Компани Выпускной патрубок для использования с турбиной и паровая турбина
EP2781692A1 (fr) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Diffuseur et turbomachine dotée du diffuseur
WO2014146858A1 (fr) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Diffuseur et turbomachine comportant le diffuseur
JP2015055229A (ja) * 2013-09-13 2015-03-23 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ タービンで使用されるための排気システム並びにその組立方法

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